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ORANGEBURG TIMES. ,_*_ G. W. WHITEHEAD, Editor and Proprietor. ORANGKBURG, S. C, AUGUST 20,1874. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Copy for one year, - $2.00 ? ?? " Six Months, - - - 1.00 Our friends wishing to have advertisements Inserted, in the TIMES, must hand them in by Monday morning, 10 o'clock. b?.. tVe are in no way responsible for the vietes or opinions of our Correspondents. _imiiiiMinn ?in ?.ii im.? im i.,i,n.i ?, BLACK AS USUAL; An old dodgo among pirates was to run a strip of canvas over the portholes of their craft, thereby giving tho ves sel an appearance to the incautious of being an honest merchantman. Once in range of her guns the mask was re moved and tho scull and crossbones of the bucaneor undeceived the unwary. Our people are quite as gullible as they were four years ago when the reformers on trcetops, housetops, nnd barrel head tops, cried out reform, reform; And not a few to-day aro weak enough to believe that Chamber lain may be a little fitter for Governor than was Moses. The idea seems to be; get out the old score of piratcs,and let a new set come in. "Wo disapprove of any such change. If thieves muot be in, let the old hands remain; they may (as an old conductor on a Western road once said) "have enough of tho fancy, while a new one will be obliged to help himsolf." No the programme will not suit; Eight long years this people have waited for reform, until it is a trite saying even among the less extreme radicals, that the stealing will never stop so long as there is anything to steal. Tlia Governor is publicly branded as a thief and liar by his clan; the clan are arraigned as thieves and liars by the Governor; and amid this disgusting reeking olla podrida. of modern government, the people remain passive, and searcely writhe under the yoke. The radicals are in for a new .grab,more huge than before. Dare they you ask; yes they dare; while we say aye; in our supinoness. What is to be done; Do your duty, every taxpayer should be enrolled in the tax union, and every tax union should be a cen sor over every precinct, and every officer from the muddle-headed school trustee, to the airaiable profiicient designing Governor elect, or Governor expectant should be watched, and if he steals, or winks at stealing, have him arrested, as you would tho poor negro who breaks your corn house,ami with more propriety send him to jail. The enemies of the South, are the enemies of law, of order, and of tho country generally. In playiug upon the string of radicalism, which in its abnormal state is excess, extravagance, nnd license, they are making music for the harpies, who with the affected vir tue of self abnegation, gather around the body of the State politic to swarm over it as vultures over their prey. With the genesis of radicalism(politely called repulicanism) began the exodus of every element of decency. Offioe is used for blackmail; position an auction mart; law a mockery, and justice a hideous musk. Now the putrcsccnt enrcaao is exuding so intol erable a stench, that some of tho vul tures are fleeing tho bones of the car case, and spreading their wings for a flight to itE-form. In all the virtuous asseverations of public men since 1867 there has been but one prominent feature, that an unprejudiced eye could infallibly detect, in their motives "We rise though all else sinks." A balloon tied with a rope, and the rope held by the crowd below would typify in its oscillating capers a demagogue at host; But a radical oflice holder (speaking abstractly) is the balloon turned loose, and tho collapse that ensues is ow ing to the acricl castaway and not the clement which it is unfit to navi gate. Public life demands pure men, strong men, and noble men. Oflice uuist force the man from his retirement to its unpromising reward. Ho that sacrifices all to get office, may sec be hind the office a compensation that patriotism spurns, nnd virtue decries as contemptible. The motives nnd laws that emanate from tho party, and force the colored people to hold to radicalism in spite of aeonviciion that they .are holding to wrong, must drive live while population to prepare sueJi ?Asels and safe guards us will pave theiu from injury. Hence the "white leagues" forming in J>ouisana and elsewhere to protect white in on from being ruled out . ol thti walk.- uf holtest labor. One fact is patent tho negro is familiarly patted for cvr> office; and kicked up the Iii st occasion that offers. He is cajoled as tho modern Phoeni cian, to open up grand avenues of civilization for the future- and will soon find himself on the expanse of disappointment, with a friendless fu ture, and a darkening night of increos ing troubles. [communicated.] Mr. Editor.?In the midst of a political exciteracn t, when our white citizens are being stirred up by the hope of better times and the negroes abandoning the fields for radical mass meetings, may I be pardoned for an effort to call the attention away from theses cones to a subject more tangible and of equal in port an cc, perhaps,to the prosperity of the country. I propose to give you one or two articles touch ing the farming interest, aud to state some facts deduced from tho experi ence of a few practical and successful men. It was my good fortune lost week to accompany the crop committee of Washington Grange on their visits to the farms of Mr. Thomas Collier, Dr. J. W. Summers Mr. J. M. Moss and Dr. J. A. Keller; and never was the timo more profitably or pleasantly spent. Being the "fat man" of the par ty, your correspondent had his doubts and fears as to his ability of doing full justice each day to a walk of from two to five miles over cotton and com fields under a July sun; but, whether it wos the- watermelons?the best he ever saw, or the grapes,-?the most de licious, or the cotton and corn?good? in every instance, or the conversation ?instructive and often full of wit and pleasant, or the anticipated Grang er's dinner, he Knows not; but the "fat man," coat off and sweating profusely, found himself out ahead in the journey every time, which proves conclusively the fallacy of the old proverb, "a lean dog for a long chose." Should you ever feel disposed, Mr. Editor, to leave the Sanctum lor a short recreation in the country, let me commend you to these planters for instruction, to their wives for good dinners and to this committee for exercise. This lost does its work well, and especially so to its satesfaction at the dinner table. This advice will not be appreciated until you take it. Permit me here, before posting on, to suggest to the other Grangers of our county the propriety of appointing a similar committee. The advantages are immense not only for gathering statistics and imparting in formation, but for giving an impetus to the social fcaturo of the order. Listening to the conversation of these gentlemen with the committee, I learn ed a fact which the world, hitherto and justly, has been loath to admit, that is the subject of agriculture is rapidly assuming the proportions of a science. Success, remunerative success, on the part of the fanner, requires as much knowledge of speculative principles as a chemist does to resolve his com pounds into their simple elements, or the philosopher in dealing with his abstract truths, or the jurist in law. Indeed so numerous and fixed arc the principles in this science that eminence should bo as promptly accorded in the one case as in the other; and the man who makes a discovery which estab lishes a law in this department of learn ing, should be considered as much a public benefactor and friend to science as Franklin in fixing the laws of elec tricity, or Newton, the laws of gravi tation. The experience of these and other successful planters tenches that no man need expect distinction in agriculture unless he is willing to com bat and explode; tho prcconcieved notions and prejudices which have based tho judgment of men for ages. Like Mr. Dickson, ho must by natural force of mind wring from the public a verdict that will establish his reputa tion as one of the most eminent plant ers of the South. Formerly agriculture was purely an art and men wore content to bow, hoo and plow with little or no aim beyond the actual supply of the necessary food and clothing of life, advancing only a degrco beyond the rudeness of savage life. Thcie may have been, and I supposo are, a few laudable ex ceptions yet we arc obliged to admit that success was due moro to chance than to knowledge of theory. Practico was opposed to theory. Now the ad vancement of civilization and the more goncral diffusion of knowledge havo increased the wants of the world and forced the planter, at least, to labor with more definite aims to meet tin. new requirements. His own per sonal wants have, by force of circum stances, been merged into those of the general public; hence- to meet the constantly accumulating demands, it becomes- necessary to apply himself assiduously to the study of soil, nature of plants and modes of cultivation of soil, that he may know whether the elements of fertility exist in sufficient quantities and in the chemical and physical condition to be appropriated by the plants; of the natnro of plants, that he may understand their qualities and their adaptation to different soils; and lastly of modes of cultivation, that after he understands the soil and nature of plants, he may know what mode to adopt so as to get the largest yield for the labor to be expended. Here wo see that in some one of these particulars, and perhaps iff* all, a knowledge of the principles of chemes try and physics is absolutely necessary to successful farming. This knowledge muat be obtained either by along and experienced course of experiments, or by direct tuition in agricultural col leges. He, therefore, who wishes for eminent success, must realize the fact that agriculture is a science involving not a few fixed laws of its own but the cardinal principle of every other science; all of which he must master by mental labor and apply in daily practice. To this end we must educate : our sons because tho wants of the world the progress of the age and uor own well-being demand it of us. ?o much Mr. Editor for agriculture as a science; my next will embrace the facts deduced from the experience of these gentlemen. S. [For the Oranoebuho Times.] CAw Caw Township, Aug. 13*1844. Pursuant to the notice of special meeting by School Trustees of School District No. 11, the qualified voters, numbering 104, whito and colored, assembled at the Caw Caw schoolhouse O. B. Riley was requested to act as temporary chairman. Mr. Riley dis closed the object of the meeting, stated that the next business iu order was the election of a permanent chairman and secretary, which resulted in the elec tion of O. B. Riley as chairman, and A. H. Wolfe as Secretary. It was moved by Dr. J. A. J. Hilderbrand aud seconded by P. M. Houscr, that the four (4) mill tax levied joy the school district on the 27th day of June' last, be repealed, which was adopted. It was then moved moved by P. M. Heuser and seconded by L. A. Zoigler that a tax of two (2) mills be levied on tho real and personal pioperty of Caw Caw township for educational purposes, which was adopted. Upon motion of Dr. J. A. J. Hilderbrand, it was resolved that the proceeding of this meeting be published in the Orangcburg papers. There being no further business the meeting adjourned sine, die. A. H. Woi.fe, Secretary. ^> ? i? [Fon the OnAKOEnuno Times.] Tax Uniono. Union Towship, Aug. 14, 1874. A Tax Uuiou, known as Robert Swamp Tax Union, was organized on tho 12th instant with the following officers: President, Dr. J D Cleckly, Vice-Presidcut, W A Eastcrlin, Treasurer, E J Smoke, Secretary, C C McMillan. Zion Township, Aug. 14,1874. On Saturday 14th, Zions Township organized its Tax Union with the fol lowing officers: President,C M McMichael, Vice-President, B H Burton, Treasurer, Dr. J C Holman, Secretary A W Thariu. Executive Committee?D. Smonk, Wm, Joynor, Jeremiah Riley, S. P. Smonk and Lewis Smonk. The next meeting to be held on the Saturday before tho third Sunday in September, at the three o'clock P. M. Cow Castle Township, Aug. 15,1874. A meeting of the taxpayers of Cow Castle township, held August tho 15th organized a Tax Union to known as the Cow Castle Tax Union of Orangc burg County. Tho ^following officers wero elected: President, D L Connor, , Vice-President, Jacob Whotsel, Treasurer, John Whctsol, Secretary, J F Jackson, Executive Committee?W T Patrick M E Bair and J D Rickenbakor. The Governor has appointed F. R. McKinlay, A.B. Knowlton and R. R. Duncan, Commissioners of Election for Orangeburg county. Constitution of Orange Township Tax Union. Whereas the enormous taxation im posed upon property in South Carolina threatens to reduce both proprietors, and laborers, to ruin, the undersigned taxpayers of Orange Township, with a view to co-operation with their fellow taxpayers of the County, and State, in efforts for relief, hereby agree to form a Tax Union for said Township, and adopt the following Constitution; 1. This Union shall be called the Orange Township Tax Union. 2. The objects of this Union are: the reduction of taxation within proper limits; and the promotion of an honest and economical administration of State and County affairs. 3. The officers of this Union shall be: a President, a Vice President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, and Executive Committee of five members, including the President,and Vice President, who shall be members ex officio. They shall boid oracc for one year and until their successors are appointed and qualified. 4. All Taxpayers of this Township whithout distinction of party or race, who are friendly to the objects of this Union, are eligible to membership. - 5. Applications for membership must be made in writing?be addressed to the Union?be signed by the appli cant, or by his authority, and give his full name and address. They shall be submitted to the Executive Committee who may report thereon at any meet ing of the Union, and a majority of the members present shall be sufficient to elect. 6. Regular meetings of this Union shall beheld monthly at such time and place as shall be fixed by vote. Extra meetings may be held upon the call of the Executive Committee. 7. Each member shall pay to the Treasurer an initiation fee of fifty cents and also such uniform percentage not exceeding two per cent on his general tax for State and County purposes, as may be called for by tho Executive Committee with the approval of the Union; and such percentage shall be declared und collected before the first day of-of each year, o. There shall be prepared and kept by the Secretary,open to the inspection of members? First, A full Roater of the names of the members of this Union,stating the place of residence of each. Second, A full Record of the names of all taxpayers in Orange Township The Secretary shall also prepare, and send to the Executive Committee of the County Union for the County, a Duplicate copy of said Roster and Record. 9. This Union shall appoint Dele gates to represent it in the County Union for Ornngcburg County, as recommended by the Executive Com mittee of the Taxpayers Convention. 10. This Constitution may be amend cd by tho vote of two thirds of the members of this Union, svbjcct to the ratification of the Stnte Union, or by a vote of the State Union subject to the ratification of two thirds of tho County Unions. THE SPARTANBURa AND AS11EV1T^L,E RAILROAD. NATURE'S HIGHWAY ACROSS THE MOUNTAINS. Light Grades,, Easy Curves, No Tun nelling. Let it be Built Speedily. A link in the Air Line Road between the cities of Cincinnati, St. Louis, Chicago and Charleston, seventy-four (74) miles long, with less than twenty (20) miles of heavy work. Shorter than nny line from New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore to cither of these eitics, and many hundred miles nearer to these centres of Western Trade than any existing line to Charleston. The road that promises to make Charles ton the market for the trade of the Great Northwest, the West Indies, South Amor, icn nud Europe; also an importnnt emigrant station. ECONOMICAL IN CONSTRUCTION SAFE IN MANAGEMENT AND PROFITABLE IN RESULTS. An important enterprise for the develop ment of South Carolina. Shares Fifty Dollars (50) each, payable in ten (10) instalments. Every citizen of this State should own at least one share. Charleston with her magnificent Harbor and genial climate; her immense undevel oped back country, containing a fertile soil, tine pusturc grounds und inexhaustible water power; her contiguity to the West Indies and South. America, and her unparnUcd European ocean course, is destined, upon the completion of this important Trunk Line, to emero from her prostrated cen dition and become what nature hnA intended she should he, the great commercial metropo lis of the Southern &cction of the United Slates. LIMIT OP STOCKHOLDERS' LIABILITY. The following clause in the charter is published for the information of subscribers: Sec. 4. "That no stockholder of said com pany shall he held liable for tho debts, con tracts or acts of said corporation beyond the amounts actually subscribed to the Capital Stock of said Company by such stockholder. directors! George W. Williams, 15. Bqlhuann, A'va Gage, Theodore I). Jervev, Theodore G Barker, John S. Fairly, Gabriel Gannon, John II. Evins, T. B. Jeter, T). R. Duncan, James E. Black, John S. Wiley. Principal Office and address, 25 Broad street, Charleston, S* C C. fh M EMM ING ER, President. A. C. KAUFMAN, Secretary and Treas urer, july 16, 3ro. FOR THE BEST FAMILY FLOUR Lowest prices go to Store of JOHN A. HAMILTON. McMICHAEL & BLUME*, PAY THE HIGHEST CASH PRICE FOR COUNTRY PRODUCE',, And continue to keep the same on hand for Sale, Cheap for cash. OUR GROCERY DEPARTMENT Haying lntely been Replenished, we are offering a better Article for Leas Morer than ever before. FLOUR, BACON, LARD &C, A SpeciX?. DYR GOODS and C^OTHINC*, AT AND BEIaDW COST. BOOTS, SHOES, HATS and OAFS on Hand, The following floe brands of SEGARS. such as "La Floresta,"' "Lyon," genuine "FigsroV Tobaccos of every grade on hand. A fresh supply of Lager Beerr topped sn&vtmfy for use. THIS IS THE TIME ANS PLACE T?P*^ANY^I1INCL?ttU ^SHiI^iTHE?^^OCERY LrNB SUCH AS' Flour Bacon, Prepared Ham, Lard, Better, MoUas-sa, Sugar, Coffee Ac, A, AT THE; i And in rear of the Grocery, is the ENTERPRISE SALOON, "WHICH is kept full of the finest grades of LIQUORS; SEGARS Ac,, wE&h will be Sold to suit the purchaser. Call and sec for yourself. March 26 . 1374 tf ENTERPRISE CLUB ROOMS, DBMARS * WOLFE, PROPEIETOES. HAVE JUST RECEIVED A FRESH LOT OF LIQUORS AND SEG&RS; ANI> SIT 1 Receiving everyday the . Patronage of* tlie Public,. "WHO come in there to pass a pleasant hour, by playing a social gome of'Billiard* on theft newly fitted tables. If you want anything In the Liquor Line GO to the Enterprise Club Rooms, for yon will find in it everything' segars of the following popular brands IMPERIAL REGALIA, LONG TOM, GOLDEN EAGLE, JA ROSE, PERCY 8EMPLE, LA NO.MEA, 8WKET HOME, HENRY CLAY Ja?.1 1874. tf J S ALBERGOTTI, -CORNER RUSSELL -STREET AND RAIL ROAD AVENCTL HAS a full Stock of everything in the GROCERY l?nc "?J Receiving daily to has already Full Stock Fair Dealing and low price* U the motto thin Hou?e? Just Received a Lot of Prepared Haut, Dried Iteef, BACON. SIDES, riHOLDERS, HAMS, 8TRIPSr SUGAR. COFFEE, FLOUR Molasses, Syrup, &c, at reduced prices. Call and he convinced. ??""ORDERS Promptly Filled and Delivered Fwc ot Chnrjge.~T?a FOR SALE ; 1. Platform SCALE, in good Order, Capacity XOOO pownd?. Feb. 19 1H74 * If OEOROE H. CORNELSON, BEGS TO INFORM HIS FRIENDS and THE PUBLIC IN GENE RAI , THAT HE IS NOW RECEIVING III* SPRING STOCK, And that the same will bc-rcady in a few days for inspection. It comprises all the latent novelties in all the different brunches of DRY GOODS, HATS, ROOTS, SHOES GROCERIES,IIARDWARE,CROCKEaY. GLASS,WOOD and WILLOW-WARE, ALSO A nice Assortment r eady made Clothing* THE same having been bought with an EYE to the Wants and Necesutie* of my Customers under the present Hard Times, I am enabled to give everybody Full va the Money and full Satisfaction, Inviting an early Ins|>celion, I remain Repectfully Yonm, OEO. 11. CORNELSON. May 14,-1874 tf ? GS^?9 m ^ ?? ? 2 P A o. P3 ? * Ph p ?8 ? <3 NU F AC1URERS OF BUILDING MATERIAL GENERALLY Dressed Flooring, Ceiling, "Weather Board?, Mouldings for Building Purposes, in Great Variety. NEWELS, HAND-RAILS, vALLUSTERS, "WOOD-TURNING and SCROLL SAWING. GOOD AND SUBSTANTIAL WORK made as cheap at this establishment aa can be made in the United States. We have on hand the largest stock of the above, South of the city of Baltimore, all of which wo guarantee will givo entire satisfaction to all whe _. i t . l __1. Tl,? ....!, ..,..:i.?.. . ...... il.., ??1,. nmnilinl mwlitinir-l?KfUn the character of their work for the past twenty years. NOTICE?On account o! me manner in which we box up our work, and our own assumption of the risk ?*. j**??****? of Glass with ordinary handling,*our goods are shipped over theroads^in thlawatea^ HALF RATES, which is a great saving to the purchaser of otir work. . May 21, ' W. P. RUSSELL & CO., Charleston, S. C.