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*nr Government f??r u u^llou uf barbarian*, 1< inhabiting an unbroken fortrt, wl?crc the traveller regulated hit oour*e from one ( point to another by the Mm in the day, and by the stare at night; a nation .*? tude and uncivilised that no reasoning vou.d convince them of the benefit of making iwadeit ndght have been necessary that the rii~i -' ou'.d have been reserved to congress. Bet 10 far from this, the constitution wee formed for the government of thirteen sovereignties, each of which not ohly had the power to make road?, hot had aetudly made them whenever they were necessary. The sove reignties were inhabited by an enlightened* eagaclous,cntcrprising, and comtqerci d peo 8le, devoted to their Interest, and fertile in cvlsing the beet means to obtain It, wh*? eoulri, under no possibility, have been so blind, as to be without roads for a\ try mill tnry and commercial purpose. Again, they Aad Just emerged from the re\oHitionary v?ar ; two armies lutd traversed Vhc United tkates in all directions t at on# time we see them arrayed against each other at Bmtno, at another time nt Saratoga, then at Long Island, and last of all et Yurktown. Does it nppear that there ever. was hny want of military toads ? When thelmmoital Wash ington, crossing the Delaware in a freezing night of December, nude that rapid and brilliant movement on Princeton and Treu* ton, by which he covrred hie standard with glory, and revived the splits of a iic*poi.d lug country, did he not llnd military rowls to uottMnplish his high design f With those y vents Tush in their mind*, nnd with the a bove faus before tluir eyes, coultl the con* < vc.tion have thought it necessary to delegate : this power vo the general government ? We j knew that that illustrious assembly delcga ted power to this government with the ut- ! most caution, and with the most fastidious 1 jealousy. No more was granted than wh.it whs absolutely necessary. Many ? f i;? most enlightened and fervrntlv pntiioili: members ?'onteinplnted the federal government, w hen it was barely sketched out, and befote it %ns tilled up mid burnished uf!', with the most disim.l forebodings. 'l'hey \:?wed it ?is :t monster which wru'.d not on'.v c!ev-.ur tip the State sovereignties, hut train pi i* mi <ler its enormous hoof* the libciiies m' the l'eople. God grant that their gloomy appre hensions may not be realized! (Jod gmn'. that we, or l hone liuuiediately after us, may tint, amid the wreck of tlr* ii<l?le?t institu tions, have cause to weep over those calami ties which their prephetir spirits foresaw ! They were willing to stiller all the evil* <?| the old Confederation: its feebleness?its penmiary tmhai rassmeots? its coinmcrri.,1 difficulties, nnd heart-burning j-Ml*'HMc?, rattier then expose that liberty wh:< b hail uchieved by toil uud bl ? il, t ? t ie deadly grasp ef a despot ijm t.f their o . n creation. 1 come now to ihc last sourc c fri.m v. .-,,i.,i this power to make roads is derived, and that is the clause which authorise* us t<? lay ami collect tuxesto provide for the toamv?n de ftucc and general welfare. And litre I again tjuotc M'% Clay. It Is well wn that this eminent man has built hi* uKrity very iftnch on what heerroncaui nitu the American System, and that, on floor of this Hull, he was un<pt:*stionu >ly mnt zealous nnJ nhle champion of In* ?inmcrcc and munuftictures, and lite bcau i fid landscapes <>f agriculture which hisim filiation presented, have forgotten that they ere abandoning a real power for a delusive . icturc ? a power, the cxercUt-ot which, by his Government, will shake tins Union to its ?a sit? for u cream? a phantasm ? the civa ion of a poet's brain. Vet, notwithstanding lis enthusiasm and devotion to Internal Im provements, he peremptorily disclaims that ronstruction of this clnusc which wculd warrant us in making roads and canal#. ? Jle says that such a construction " would convert a cautiously limit :d government into <inc without limitation." J quote hint with pleasure, bccausc the nd.niv.ions of an enemy frequently are of more avail than the most pioluund reasoning ??f a friend. When the great udvocute ol internal improvements uvexsthat a construc tion which goes to support his favorite theo ry is false and d ingeious, win will doubt the correctness of his conclusions? Mnt there is n set ol politicians in this country, few in number, and daily decliniii)'. in pnltiic csti ftlation, who give to this construction the broadest latitude. Thcjr boldly tell you that Congress has an unlimited power to ux.and an unlimited power to appropriate to any <4>jcct which may he for general welfare, without regard to the express grants of pow er, provided those objects may be cflectul or attained by ntonry. And, under this con struction, the greatest, most expensive, and t.-himcrlcal work* ol Internal Improvement have been supported and justified; works ?which will involve the United States in the expenditure of countless million?, the great est portion of which will be paid from that levtnue which the produce of the S<.tult pours Into the Treasury. If, Mr. Sneaker, what wc deem to be f >t the general welfare is the limit of appropri ations, I ask where that limit is? Is it not like the horizon, alway s before us, and never to be arrived at? What, Sir, i* the general welfare? Just what you please to have it? any thing whir.lMhe moat c?pi;?cimi*imagin ntion can conceive? any thing whivh the most profligate ambition can devise?any thing which the most cruel extortionate tyranny can inflict. Did Tiberius ever issue an edict -which was not for the general welfare? Did not Henry justify the massacre of St. Bar tholomews by the general welfare? During, the late Revolution when the city of !*aris, nay, the whale territory of France, floated -with the blond of her butchered people was it not forthe general welfare* KventheDev of Algiers, that ruflaln despot, when he orders nn innocent victim to the bow-string, will tell you that it tslor the general welfare. [Frm th? ^ rn^Rtpublicat ] The following fact* are collected from the t circular* of the Liverpool merchnnt* < I "In the ftr?t eleven months of 1838,thodc- i create of the importation of American cot- I ton compered with the seme period of 1827, < wee 193, 100 bale*. I IncreaK of Importation ef South Amerl- 1 ym cotton in the ume limct 32,700 bn)e?. , locrc.tsc of Inpotution o i Egyptian not ion, 1 0f 000 bales. 1 Increase of East Iiul inn cotton, 3,000 l?alc?. i Thus it appears that in eleven month* of the lust yenr thedec?eli?Jnthc importation of cotton in England from the UnUrd States wa? 193,100 b.des, while the Increase of lm )>Mvt.?tiuii from other places tbsiMhe United State*, even at the present low prices, was 63,500 hale* II V' ThU subject i? one ??f *uch cnwcquencc ?n all parties, that In resuming it* discussion from time to time, no aitolof y is necessary.. The great Intcreats of the south are alarm ingly Involved In the continuation of this per hiclou* and very partial policy of the govern ment. )t waa a long time ete the follower* ol Mr. Clay were willing to allow that hi* *y*tem would be as Injurious to the uiiti-mrift states* a* its positive and ascertained cffcct* have demonstrated it 1*. In Mutuinlng tlii* odioo* measure, It was absurdly and wildly maintained, that not only would manufac ture* be encouraged, but that even our rev enue, commcrce, navigRti<>n?ind agriculture, if not directly benefitted, would certainly not be Injuriously affected, Willi what truth these piophecic* were made, let the situa tion ol these several object* of national on eern and Milicitudc attest, llow fur the i wishes of the wlmlc boulhetn country, have ! been heed* d by congress, in the e/.c raise of ut lei'.st n very questionable power, let the earnest piotekta presented to the lust Virgi nia legislature, by no outraged nnd chivid ric people, declare. Theso bold remon strance* of freemen, goaded on, j ear after year, to the verge of that precipice ut which despair bid* them ttund, lire not to be u> uiui...i <1... . r .11 ? iili imputation* upon their patriotism, und Ii?lelity to i lie Union. It is of the highest importance, that Vir ?'Jin i, wb>, l>y her ^eographicni posiuon, autl ii r t?#.?e of chnrarte., ami aviimii.it ion ol ft elm;;, i-? the natural ally cf t'-.e south, dc i sert not those whose service* she muy need ?i'?'>n the ovcum nee of fiouihlc events. ? [ I here i* another consideration which makes it \eiy de-arable th.it we, of this common ! wiuUii, MillVr not the subject ol the tariff to | jn- I'-r^olti n ; u very great mudifii.ition of it j i.? e\pectid i>i tin; m-xt hair y ears? xdener ? will t?c consulted mtu an upostacy from formed opinions; lid our Mibtmcimn ? l Mini ( icorgia and the Cu"oliuas, must j;ie-?t ' ly weaken lite appeals which arc to h>- made *to t n. justice of lite general government. It lis the more neroviry now, iii.it t,,e pt?:>lie Ipiiiits tuni the a<Unti?ti of the people to j v.;? r. r ,;!cd by a miuionu-r, r?<: " Ameri [run stem," because approbation ol it ?s I df m itided through nn ii,>;-cid to ?.ur iwc ? i ct.ce an.! r?gaid I i Mr. Madison :the y<il;r it to be made ca?y, lift:-, use, indet d, that Kr-.'.it ni u hat do i-.ve.l it w..s legitimately put i n. Keeli.i,; iioio tA that blind \ enei it Won |:.r n.eic uu:f?',r:ir. which in some per ? <iis leads to ihe direct a'nodo:imc:>t of l heir honest ? "iivicttons, v- have durrrl to din\, at least todcu' t, the constilutiuunlity of this measure to protect manufactures ; and <?.-e ? have seen nothing which disptW those doubts, but niiit-h that g??cs syrotiglv to cmfntn the unmi ill n?>' ? WHWttW'tT >>;.r itu' |~nn>llTii'i')n ; and the evidence dc/fi) ? t lint in jStrumei.t, i? uo cm roliorative, that i: is mat jterol great surprise ihnt it escaped ihe ?t lent ion of Mr. Madison, as that this illusti i .ous adv(K:at? of state right*, shr.iild Imt drawn conclusion* so inimical to the docti ine?i lie so unanswerably vindicated in '<??. j As there liavo been, and will nj;ain be, : Ki'^?t cllort* mnde, to reconcile the ptople ; of \ irgmia to a tariff, for the sole purpose cl /ir'jfrtton? we beg leave to refer briefly to those passages of the constitution which ut t .relation to sustain this assumed power of coiigres*. \Vt shr/uhl not deem tUu itnpor j lain, if Hit rc were not manv person* whoaie , iimnforined of the constitutional point* upon i winr.li this eontroverted matter rest vcrv | many, we daresay, have not giienthcm j *el\es the trouble to read the more refined and abstruse essay* and repot ts, which have been written upon the subject. j It h proper to leinark, in iho Ar*t place, jlliat the fomi our government is fedn stive, , and that the asst^iated states are each sove , ??.'ign I he compact entered into between the in, was drawn op by the widest states men no tin: eoi.tineut, and framed with the iitmo?t skill, ami under the deepest conside ration. ||c who peruses it, will find how tenner usi) too rcparate republic# dim; to then- rignts. AJI t? cy intend to grunt is down nnd ascertained, and it i* tleclareil, that the power* which tlicv Ii av u net thus yielded, are to br reserved to tliemsvlvrs, i? tj,c mass ? 1 those ungranud i lit Jiur/ittc* for w h it'll this confederation was formed, are pointed out In this instru ment of the Union with equal precision and certainty ? so that the granted power* can nev er be used for a fitir/iw beyond the pur view of the constitute. ii. I |,eso limitations upon the authority offfeder.il government, were wisely framed to prevent that consoli dation, so justly dreaded by our ntirestors. How far this object will have been effected a few year* more perhaps will reveal. t ? Kc"bng this question of power in the legislature to firoUct Manufacture* iu tin way proposed, we recur, of course, to th?t instrument which i* uuiposed to control the legislative action of Congress, und in rui. Jilngovcr the ll*t of powet* conferred, we ! , n ^or *be one now contended i 'mi ut wo do find another, bearing some "tie ? elation to it: and the history of its i?. troih,, t on not only shed, great light upon the sohjcct, but in our humliiebpiniou, should forever put to rest this claim bv the (icuoral Government. We find the follow i,.K age in the Constitution: -Cnngre** shall have power "to promote the progress of science mid the utr/u! or/*, /, j, *,c ur hg.fi, r limited Hmea, io authortand men, tort, thr r,ZCJU.?!Vr "**' I? ft* rr*tiC(,tvr t vrUhgn und ditcootrirt." The phrase "useful art*," ' ^'"'ccded, comprehend* the subject of manufacture* i ami the foregoing clause Is the only one which confers expressly, nny |x>wer toAreMefc that branch ofour industry nideriwisideratky Butlt will not S hI? .l^ trlue?L the mw#t *"P*rtlcio|,th*t ' mean* ofthi* iruinotion, are created In the very sentence vJifch contains the grant of power, I'lic "useful arts," in which are properly inclu- j ded manufacture*, arc lobe promoted how? by sccuringfor limited lime*, to "inventors," | the exclusive right to their discover!?." | ?!; force of these obit i vstlons, it is proper to eb- j serve,- that the duusc upon which we have commented, was not inserted to the constitu ii?n, when the Utter was first submitted to the convention hi 'BT ; hot vtuae finally to be Incorporated lo the manner fallowing s? Propositions were submitted to give tongrcs* the power"to secure to literary authors their copy right* for a limited time, "to encour n8?* by proper firemmms and fitovhlcm, the advancement of useful knowledge and discoveries." " to grant patent* for useful invention*/' ?no establish public institutions, rewards ami immunities, for the momotiok uf agriculture, commerce, trad* and manu facture*." After the fullest consideration, the committee to whom were referred these proposed amendments, reported, in reference < to tnu whole subject, the provision which we I now flnd in the constitution. Can aay thing then,. possibly make clearer the intention of the frame rc as regards tho power of the general government over this subject of manufacture's ? llcr< seems to he a direct commentary and explanation by the men who sat in the convention. II thcru wetc ambiguous clauses from which might possi bly be deduced an incidental power, the hi* tory of the proceeding* touching the subject in controversy, clears away that ambiguity. The passages upon which the advocate* of a protecting Tariff rely, ate two? 1st, the owe reading thus: I'.ongicss shall have power " to lav mid co\jcct taxes, duties im* post* and rxuwK, to pay the debts and pro vide for the common defenee, mid general welfare of the United States; but all duties imposts, and excises, shall be uniform throughout the United States." It is main* tniued th.it hare in a generul'control over the subject of duties mid impost*. The plainest rule* of eoastructinn arc discarded; for it in rendered perfectly obvious, by the mere / tunctuuthn , that the (tower to luy mid col lect taxux, is conferred wish the view of pay ing the debts and providing for the "gencr ui welfare: which latter words, but few men aver, w-oiit. tin a mi fat native grunt of power: for audi u supposition i? destroyed, by the tecurrcncc to the J!rtl brunch of the clause, in the concluding words? to wit; "but all duties, imposts and excises, shall be uniform liuoughnut the I 'nited Stales." The other passage, said to contain tho power, is thnt giving autiiorit> to Congress, to ??regulate eoni'tierec." )}ul, its has been justly obser ved, the po?vrr to " regulate commerce" is so entirely foreign to thnt of firotectiujf man ufacture', that nothing but the most latitu ditinu* nacli ?;f construction ecu possibly roum ( t titeiu. And to do this, it i? necessary f- r those who t ike the position, to iutcrpn I .te words *. hit h are not to be found in the I'-uist'itul'inr.. la conc.lu lion, it may be ob ?ervid, that if there was Tolerable certainty that this t.uj rightful cxcrctso c?f power, there would !?? greater unanimity amung ii*. a'.U?A-Mle:., as lo t!ie particular somccof its d !???!?. i.tion ? ;l.is conrtiction of vi.*w is proof nfthr fjlaey of the claim. , IfO'irUGN NRWS. ? ? ? rnrmtinr '/'/. Ck :l. !?!>? Peel lin? in ifnJ i.'n'. H mo?t ctiraerdinay Kill tior tiipnrecsiiiK i!to ( *nt Smt ic A^ocialion lit In'laiiti, ami il lw? ? hmmi n td*. mii ! ordered In lm fl'Mlimitied, in i ??f by um.itlmmit ronton!. W it let i it from il?t 'lime* of Fi binary 13. that , J t).i? ioi i:oiitrmp(>.te? formally llin ('.illiolic Aim) eiHit"' alone; Iml il W ?n frainrd n? In luvrtf Ihe l.oril l.?'it?(ii.nl with jiowri lo di-|tei?e nml put ' whiitrotvir, IhotiJih ?if n politiral ? cliiirHtrrtlii) mo?l cnpotili' lo that of the Avot'i.t l.O'i w liie.lt limy ap|iciir inimical ic the public peace ' from thfif lemh iiey In produce nr prolong Ihe fpiril ol triumph or mortification on either ?'ute. The i e\v hill Li gliii v\iih ll.e prr&eni or lalo At tr.riaiiuit, ivhicft it ?overfly di nouiicc*. It next Hilitih ?t > llin Vittiou* uhllli and devices by whirh former of : iritil.tr intent havrUrrit evaded, Mild fi?e? Hie (.old i.ltMilrnleitl kUtllotlty? flrtl, hy prui'.litmnlioii lo pinhihit all nntl every meeting vvhivlt ho tli.tll damn dangerottt lo lit** |>uhlifl peter nr Mfely," a |toiver wliirV. i>pi li? ? like- ' v\ i?e lit nH mretln??, adjourned, rtHtwril, ? r nlll ertvim r<ontinui d, nmh'r nny pr.-irnce whatever; >?i<iniilly, to dUprtso uie.h met tins* through lbt> tir diuin of '.wo juitlren of the |i?ara. 'I he rent m l'iu ;.tihj> ct of pn-.nli.ir peiwlliet nntl i:! -ii-e* tli.?v p iyin^ I tunder Mtty iiurne or j?rr? t uee lire to foifcit, not only the Mtm* ?ul>?cttl?'d t>y them, t.nl lr<*Mo lint Amount lit Ihe nature of u p-nxtty t? thu rrmva, nod the parly ru ting m re t river of nny ten! it to be considered us debtor to I tic kin ? lor thu iiiuount, Inside* being lioblo tu a ftne ol II y a t l.tntcof tiit^ttlar ri^or, nny p'rson rrrelv- j in); tuc!i CQttlrilniiliint,)! cmuiielnt k hy rsamiitu* J lion on oath, to dist'over hi?iiWN drlini|iiency. 'Die act H)^iiu'<l III* (.'allmlii! Ast.ii iiition l? ptrprluali av'uimt other Httemhiii't it I* in forte but lor a ninglr yeur frwn the |mttin? of the art, mid to ll.o ei.il of lh?9 then next ti'Mioii of l*nrlia? inert Till/ di'iineti ?n, however, hat h<?eii esiituined l*y Mr IVel tio m l t* p? rpelttal at to ii? abolition oi tin- 1 ruling *>?oti.ition:H?loalllutur< meeting, ? temporary. ; And yel Mr P>'el lnu heen fighting a thfldnw, I 'or, molding to li-tii u fiont l>i|lilin, tin- ( '.illndic j A- delation, the tulijorl ol thii mvern uiul ^rMtra 1 ty l.iw, hit Ltfn ilnvlrt'l Mr. flpntt^ llier, lin* I annnimre'l it t'Jfirittlly in the lli^ilfr of Conimotit, I and tlw Tmt*? ot the i .'Silt Kfhro?ry,?ijri: ? "'flie Dnhlln lelltrt atnl n>TU?paper? nripnint i ii>. that in an ojmmi i-onimitiee, where about IIMI ? of lha lemlinr thi'tnlirri of ll.o Annotation met on Monday rveninr, lti? in?jortlv ? "nil thai major ity e?iii)|.o c.l id tlit. fir^t tlalhollfl r.entleinen for Mitk and r.hitrarter? were derided in f..vor r>f an lmPiedial?> and ?i.nple tth*ol>itioii ; It nt il.i? wlml" beileh of < '.itholh l |*hrip? joined mi ri' roininwilt!ili}{ that e.inrie, full #,f itdotn nii'l ol iMiidly ronH denea in honor of ihe Ktne't fSnveriimeiit, ntnl in Ilia Im'iii fieenri? of ||ie l.?cl?!ntore ; tlml Sbiel, ?trottK in I.k o.vn jndiri'iiietit, end fort i lied hy ihp ron?:u reiie.* of | lii? (*ni holir <"hiirrb, I ml p.ivn notjee of it million lo dit?olvn itie A??or.M*ion >Mf<*f?r, Kltiiili no man ran il?;?thl that ho would e^r, v. Tlia Tiitr* <ire? nnrtrrfU lo Hie rnnjer lb?| n ??ill (whieti !? fia fronting) will rtntiy remove the diwtMhtiet niuh r ?thielt tbr liomen l alholica he b?r. At |#?tfitl it |> all rortjeiiMrr. MlnWrrt arm. lo have rrtolved that Ihe fir?t atrp thoitM Im I hi- | (Hiiilnn down of th.? (!ilHuLtr AatocunoK," Whelhrr ? ppre??e,| and unhappy Ireland hut nny ! Mdiri (niHnd ot bope, after lit* manlfntalion of Hut peremptory opinion, time mwt abnw. The di?*<du!innot tbr IrleH C'Mlholln A?meia t|.)ti an re?4tminended I. ? f.ord Angle?r? end ' Lotd Holland. The inhabitantt of LNhlia art ' aey*:~? j xfizgrcx grtul qoerfioa oi Catbolio Emancipation, the eon. cushion ol which wni unnvallingiy ni*?'d on (lie lexkialere for* wrki of )??ere, by Tfcn untied, rlwiMutt end wUrfuin of Ciiattae uid Pol. of HurV?? Hud I'iH, of Sheridan nud Conning, U i.o*v a boot (o Ik> carried, by the vny m*n who Imvc been oil their livrtiu WilrrcH opponent*. By lb? latr*t account*, Mr. OX'oeKMk had - cli il Skrtwtburg. The mi! ?mwl will bring u*uun? lutcrcallnji hilctli??uc? wilhicgvdlo Ibis cbainpiooof Iruland. With K'xud In Ihttipeclrd bill, the ClBtcow Chronicle ??y?? Tim till but been ?nbn>lltea to 1 1 1 r King, end npprovrd of by hint. It b not petty or traffloklnx, lot*ilendt '? to the removal gener ally of ell civil dimbilitiet ander which the tinman i Catbolita labor, with eicrption* retting tolely on | ?prcinl pronnd*" ? tho office of I*ord ObHMlM, ? lor instance, ef which one of the moil important attribute* U tint direct dUtribotton of necleafcutl- i k?I |*lrouaRo. Ttie Dublin Uvenieg I'oet ?eppo~ ?< id that tliQ SicnritW* will h* embraced In n l>* clnrntlon, ?opitohat timilarlu that now taken by the Pbr-ntrtt. To tliU tpiciee of Brcnrity tl*re, can ha no objection In puiut of f|?ct the moinbera ; of the KtaMobrd Cbuich lubicriln. till* Declara tion nt tvt-ll n* the UWiciilnt ? and C?tholi?-? will do the ?ume. Fr+w ih ? London Ciurttr. Tluaiulmtlou* of the tf-.verooimt are to pot I down tbn t'athollc Awovklioii iu the 'flrrt in ? ?lancr. The court mnatar" in contemplation i i* Urn dUfraui Mjrmcnt of thn 4?i 'lulling frerhob j d?n, and Ho* fixing the i lccliv* fmot bb? at .{20. Tin1 Ihirrt it tur nomination qt the Ui.iiau Culhi?> 1 lio BUIiops by i|t* Kinc, without ?ny foreign in* j teifir*!*:* ? without any authority or intrrfennee I oftlio |*opr. Hu< iiUtnbl In Ik< lb* outline* of lb* i mraiur* ctniirmplntrd, und it m-imiw that it will j have I ha lingular Intr of not bciii!* tutiiliciory to thn Catholir*? anil certainly not In the ('to- \ IrktniiU, w in ul.li to preicrve the t!ou;1>tulion at ! it I.. i Frtm HrH'i Mr turner. ^ Tli?? furl it thai il U hilended lu o|ten 1?oth liou?- J et til l'<tiliauit'i I to rapid*. Mr. O'Connell and , liik I'iIkuiIj my, Mt? tinianelpallon i* lo lie uuwurfi- i tioiuil. Thr |iri')enl pntno**d nt nlvln: pnlillcal ?eats to ilu; Catholics li jn?tified noon ilo prlnel prhiripln o| tspcdiutry. 4,ll is to be done," N?y? Mr. IVi l," became Uiu peace ol ?!??? ?!????? rvipifrts II, and further idtlnn would wily nontlmiB lo Mill rmliioil n* tfllhoirt end. ll l? hatler j lo incur, at nil lisi!?ril?. Hi" coiilinjjcwcy of future : nil, I lilt o lo endure the pre?eut \?ith ntl iu |>o?* i tittle Hjicnvnl'-'ii." Mr. O'Coxnfi.i,. ? The Dublin Weekly Keftistor of Feb 7th c.imtalns a lung eloquent adtlross to the House of Commons from the , pen of Mr.O'Coksn.i.. He examine* nil the l.?w? iclatiugtoihe subject, and establish cm hi* right to vii and vole in Parliament by ? tilt; following summary. First* ? Thut t'.icre is nothing iu the com- ! nnm law to take nway or infringe ou tlut , right. Second? That the Statute* of 5th Elita- ! beth unci 7th James, which rquired ?ath* of , allegiance and tujirriuacy to lie taken in the ; Loul Steward'* office, ure in that respect repealed by the statute 1st William and Mary. i Third? That paimltios and disnhilttie* ; li&h Parliament only. _ Fourth ? That the penalties and disabili ties in these statutes were expressly applied, and continued to lie applicable to the lirlt - i?h Parliament, by the "J7d article of the Un ion with Srnihtud. Fifth ? That none of the penalties or disa bilities in these statute* were applied to, or coi.tinued far the United Kingdom Parlia ment by the 4th article of the Irish Unions Sixth? That neither the time nor manner of taking the o.iths in English statutes is en acted by the Irish Union statute* or i* now any portion of the law of the United King dom Parliament. 1 Seventh? That the statute of the 41st of Geo. III. enp. 52, does not, and cannot ap ply to the oath* and declaration*, because (amongst many other reasons) if it did so apply, it would no* he utterly impossible for an Iriuh member to avoid being disabled to sit and vote. ? A*. Y. Morning Courier.. FROM KNOI.AND. Ujr the packet *ltip Bylvanui Jcnkin*, Copt. All* n, fftmt Liverpool, t* o hut e received our Lon don und Liverpool pnpers lo lite llllh and I IUi inclusive. On referring In (lie tlnte of lite markn., it will lie ttiii that cotton hit drcltuc* 1 1 1 per lb. Attached to one of oi|r |Mi|>< rj wa? n *lip. upon which wk? pnoled in large capital*. UATMO . I.IC EMANCIPATION H TO IJF. UilANTKI)." i Mr, I'eel introduced a b.ll in the Home >4 Common* for 111* ?nppr*?kinn of dangemnt a*vt rljiliiitii or niffinlilira, iu Ireland, cr what ii called the C'nlb<>li? A'locialiou, <bv!.iriit{ any perom pre wot to be guilty nf mi* ? lumen noj, the l.ouduii Tunc#, in *peuk)ii? of tint (till, ??yn " That an art lo *we cping, ??? ?eareldnjj, and no penal, entitd Mdntroduc * ysny tnodtrn tniid'try, and noccded loMmiir mnlrnfiirtnle by any l|unt? of Cwmmont in tlito free rvuntry. |>rovet 1?y no | meam a wanton nr leprahemdile det ire iu either of | tliem lo em<eiHl tin |>reri>^ni|ve, or ettrronrh on llio Itfterly of the ml.jtfi; l.tit ll d<?e? prove, un ihiuht?lly, iheeitreme ? and, we inuy add, lh? Juat ? iilnrn, Itolh of th* executive ^overnmrot and of lli?? parliameiil, at Ihe growth of a power, unknown to Fugluh liwtory, ao>l, m it* remit, in- i aroetraltlv to liuman ronjecture ? the natural oft tpriti/, ???? vr i tlielcto, of ohitinulo fricvanrei mid , of d? f |? root'-d prtiV(*cation, inflicted on and felt l?y , a whole jK ople for the ?wkc ef their reliant ?. 'I'h* ' wet f>?r ?ii|>{>re tin* Ihi.i lerrilde power, I !?c reform, ; ought to |?o rrg.-irdrd, in lit otitrajroti,' hill una- j voidable dcfpwfitm, a? nothing more tlun tha j meaiure of ihe c vit wlimro it vprin^f?of that :{raod and original moi;li?*f, llio ih grudntion of ' wren million) of brave ai?d h.ynl Cnlholset.'* Tit" pi|'< rt contain but little* intrtli/eiRe from j tire tent of war, l?ring prnn iiully filled with the : iiriw f ?diii_'? of Ihe ||o<i.o of tJomition* on the ' I'nlholi': ((tir.lion. It ?;'????-??* that |l<* I i>i|>r>rpr i? making lift mod gigantic prepaiations lor the en?'iing ounte>t. J oiiallian Merlin hit* Inert apprehend**! for *etltng fire to York MiuUti-r, Ilo |ta* canfltWil the t rime. LIVKIIPOOL, Feb. 14. Cotton. The i.n|n>rt till* week is ?.1,870 hag*, nod the sale* sue 1 1,? 10 bugs, at a de .t: 1 I J ?' ... -"m -? ? ??? rline of IA per ll>. on American description*. The I'm a Jalund* at |>?tl?|ic a net ion yr*tciduy ureutofT witlnait i,>iiit at ahnji late price*, viz z ,l2?Kea Island* nt 1 1 M tit 14^1) ISO fttained do. at 5ld t?? Vjd; f.WO Ihiwcds nt 5 Jd I N40 Orfennt at Otd to 8d; C70 Al?* I at rid to i at fd to I at fd to 7id; 380 Com s at 41d to Md}? J90 ligyp 8di and S80 tturat* and Bcii tq Jd per lb. There ara no latar n flew York than those of 31st .w^r, given In our last, which quoted ..aentl^e of Upland. 9\ to 10, and pre mium of Exchange fcjd. /Va/iCf?The ship ClcmMes from Hav re has arrived at Boston, bringing datca to the 16th February* [Treaslatsd for (be Nsw-Engfeai PUUdlw.] PROSPECT OF PEACE. afftirs of Grtccc, and to i tlon of the British and Fit The arrival of a French i presented by the Dutch ! Effendl, appears to have < true channcl. The Porte had received a declaration fram the Thm Power* who have taken Greece SfSStt ra&h^r 4,1117 * batthefiolumJi ccdeo to thia declaration, and U not far from consenting to enter Into a formal ncgoclaUcn oh the subject, provided it takes place At Constantinople. He *l"4y* refused sending n Turkish Commission out of the city, and the Rcls Effendl haaexplalued himself about it in a peremtory v. tanner. The party for pcace, however, flatter themselvce to have obtained a great success, and it ia thought that, if the Power* will take upon themselves the sending the plenipotentiaries to Constan tinople, they may bring about a duiablo peace. The arrival of n Russian cartel ha* i;ivcn to these pacific rumours a new consis tence; it is laid it is the bearer of proposals from the emperor Nicholas, to enter into negotiations. with the Porte, and that they have been sent to the Rels Effendl by the L)?mi?h Minister. Although we know nothing positive in thi? respect, there is but little doubt entertained that they arc relative to a equation of hot' til it let, and that they profit by this occasion to treat about the exchange of prison cm. The Danish Minister sends his drogomnn every day to the Porte, to treat, at is suppos ed, on important affairs; It is remarked that, at present, less animosity prevails on the part ut the government against the Rus sians! the prisoners are better treated. ? These circumstances, as well as the atten tions paid to tho Raron of Hubsch, the Dan* iftli hnvoy, are certain indications of the wishesofihe Porte to lend his hand toward. r\n nrangemcnt. NodonVt is entertained that the o|>ening of neroclattnns between the Turkish snd Russian Commissaries will pre vent a sccond campaign. All these hive spread universal joy here. Please (iod that they may not he {reversed by some unforsccn event. The Sultan la hours without relaxation, and sees his minis ters ever)' day. Change* are to be made in the ministry, as well as in the regular rcgi* mcnts &c. Captain Clark, of the brig General Paez, which arrived last evening, states, that a rc vr? wit* urcuictea ana Currently believed I at Curacoa, that Bolivar had been assassina ted, and his tt oops, amounting to about 5000 men, had fled, und that all communication between Valencia and the other parts of tho country had been cut off.? A*. Y. / \afier . GKQR (I IAN OPFICR, \ Savattnuh Jh'rUIay, 6 I*. Af. $ DESTRUCTIVE FIRE. Our city has again mot with a visitation from Arc, the third within * period of two months and which in the individual distrcsn it ha* occasioned among the poor, is more la mentable thnti cither of the others. The. fire commenced about 10 o'clock yeatcrdny morning, in the house occupied as ? grocei y store hy Mr. Mcfiurn.at the corner uf Fit bin and Indian Street Lane, in that part of the city called Yamacraw.? The wind, which was about S. W. soon communicatedrthe fire to the building belonging to the estate of Gardner, on Indian street, whence it c rotted to the large wooden warehouse, containing the cotton compressing machine af Mr. Habersham, from etrcrlr part of which, tho fire appeared to burst forth at the same mo ment, reducing it to ashes almost immediate* ly. From this the flames rapidly spread to the two story frame building occupied by Mr. A. A. Stints, as a counting 100m? thence to the three warehouses ??f Mr. Hab ersham, on Bolton's upper wharf) and totho lumber behwghig to Mr.Smets immediate ly below the preceding. Here the destruc tive element, in this direction was arrested ?two brick shed* next the river, with 380 tasks i f rice, being saved, and the Inclined plane Mill, belonging to Captain Hannor, having i.niv been partially injured by pull ing on kunie ??t the weatlter-boarding. Du? ring the time the ftro was extending in this direction, from ihe buildings of (>nrd nbr which We have mentioned, it spread cntt and north, In ita destructive progress, cm hincing all th? buildings on the Health side ot' Ind.an Street, from Fahm, Street to and in cluding Captain Swymor's within two lots of West llroad Street, through to Joachim Street, with one or two exceptions, are burnt or (Hilled down. |t waa here finally check ed, at the house ocupied by Mts. Simpson, belonging to Win. Gibbons, Esq. intlurrear of 1. II. Morel's Tubby building, West Broad Street, the two story frame building-, of M. Brown were repeatedly on lire, and extinguished only with extreme exertion. One of the building* in the Steam-flout Com pany's yard, wan also several timeaon fire, but fortunately extinguished. Indeed It is surpriting, that in this direction it did m* extend farther. During the progress erf tho (lames the wind was changeable and had it have conic round toN. W of whi< h soma fears were entertained, and which it did, af ter the firs waa Mtbdned, thera ia no knowing where it would have stopped, at least one third of the city would have been destroyed. The whole nnmberof dwelling houses, actu ally destroyed, la eighty or nmcty, and of other descriptions, probably fifteen or about oxr. nuxonrn in all. The three warehouscsof Mr. Habersham on Bolton's upper wharf, which wcie con - sumed, contained a large qunnti of Hlco andCorn, e?f which. 900 tierces rY the fo? mtr, and 1200 bushels of the latter, were