Columbia telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1819-1821, April 17, 1829, Image 2
*nr Government f??r u u^llou uf barbarian*, 1<
inhabiting an unbroken fortrt, wl?crc the
traveller regulated hit oour*e from one (
point to another by the Mm in the day, and
by the stare at night; a nation .*? tude and
uncivilised that no reasoning vou.d convince
them of the benefit of making iwadeit ndght
have been necessary that the rii~i -' ou'.d
have been reserved to congress. Bet 10 far
from this, the constitution wee formed for
the government of thirteen sovereignties,
each of which not ohly had the power to
make road?, hot had aetudly made them
whenever they were necessary. The sove
reignties were inhabited by an enlightened*
eagaclous,cntcrprising, and comtqerci d peo
8le, devoted to their Interest, and fertile in
cvlsing the beet means to obtain It, wh*?
eoulri, under no possibility, have been so
blind, as to be without roads for a\ try mill
tnry and commercial purpose. Again, they
Aad Just emerged from the re\oHitionary
v?ar ; two armies lutd traversed Vhc United
tkates in all directions t at on# time we see
them arrayed against each other at Bmtno,
at another time nt Saratoga, then at Long
Island, and last of all et Yurktown. Does it
nppear that there ever. was hny want of
military toads ? When thelmmoital Wash
ington, crossing the Delaware in a freezing
night of December, nude that rapid and
brilliant movement on Princeton and Treu*
ton, by which he covrred hie standard with
glory, and revived the splits of a iic*poi.d
lug country, did he not llnd military rowls to
uottMnplish his high design f With those
y vents Tush in their mind*, nnd with the a
bove faus before tluir eyes, coultl the con* <
vc.tion have thought it necessary to delegate :
this power vo the general government ? We j
knew that that illustrious assembly delcga
ted power to this government with the ut- !
most caution, and with the most fastidious 1
jealousy. No more was granted than wh.it
whs absolutely necessary. Many ? f i;? most
enlightened and fervrntlv pntiioili: members
?'onteinplnted the federal government, w hen
it was barely sketched out, and befote it
%ns tilled up mid burnished uf!', with the
most disim.l forebodings. 'l'hey \:?wed it
?is :t monster which wru'.d not on'.v c!ev-.ur
tip the State sovereignties, hut train pi i* mi
<ler its enormous hoof* the libciiies m' the
l'eople. God grant that their gloomy appre
hensions may not be realized! (Jod gmn'.
that we, or l hone liuuiediately after us, may
tint, amid the wreck of tlr* ii<l?le?t institu
tions, have cause to weep over those calami
ties which their prephetir spirits foresaw !
They were willing to stiller all the evil* <?|
the old Confederation: its feebleness?its
penmiary tmhai rassmeots? its coinmcrri.,1
difficulties, nnd heart-burning j-Ml*'HMc?,
rattier then expose that liberty wh:< b
hail uchieved by toil uud bl ? il, t ? t ie
deadly grasp ef a despot ijm t.f their o . n
creation.
1 come now to ihc last sourc c fri.m v. .-,,i.,i
this power to make roads is derived, and that
is the clause which authorise* us t<? lay ami
collect tuxesto provide for the toamv?n de
ftucc and general welfare. And litre I
again tjuotc M'% Clay. It Is well
wn that this eminent man has built hi*
uKrity very iftnch on what heerroncaui
nitu the American System, and that, on
floor of this Hull, he was un<pt:*stionu >ly
mnt zealous nnJ nhle champion of In*
?inmcrcc and munuftictures, and lite bcau
i fid landscapes <>f agriculture which hisim
filiation presented, have forgotten that they
ere abandoning a real power for a delusive
. icturc ? a power, the cxercUt-ot which, by
his Government, will shake tins Union to its
?a sit? for u cream? a phantasm ? the civa
ion of a poet's brain. Vet, notwithstanding
lis enthusiasm and devotion to Internal Im
provements, he peremptorily disclaims that
ronstruction of this clnusc which wculd
warrant us in making roads and canal#. ?
Jle says that such a construction " would
convert a cautiously limit :d government into
<inc without limitation."
J quote hint with pleasure, bccausc the
nd.niv.ions of an enemy frequently are of
more avail than the most pioluund reasoning
??f a friend. When the great udvocute ol
internal improvements uvexsthat a construc
tion which goes to support his favorite theo
ry is false and d ingeious, win will doubt the
correctness of his conclusions? Mnt there is
n set ol politicians in this country, few in
number, and daily decliniii)'. in pnltiic csti
ftlation, who give to this construction the
broadest latitude. Thcjr boldly tell you that
Congress has an unlimited power to ux.and
an unlimited power to appropriate to any
<4>jcct which may he for general welfare,
without regard to the express grants of pow
er, provided those objects may be cflectul
or attained by ntonry. And, under this con
struction, the greatest, most expensive, and
t.-himcrlcal work* ol Internal Improvement
have been supported and justified; works
?which will involve the United States in the
expenditure of countless million?, the great
est portion of which will be paid from that
levtnue which the produce of the S<.tult
pours Into the Treasury.
If, Mr. Sneaker, what wc deem to be f >t
the general welfare is the limit of appropri
ations, I ask where that limit is? Is it not
like the horizon, alway s before us, and never
to be arrived at? What, Sir, i* the general
welfare? Just what you please to have it?
any thing whir.lMhe moat c?pi;?cimi*imagin
ntion can conceive? any thing whivh the most
profligate ambition can devise?any thing
which the most cruel extortionate tyranny
can inflict. Did Tiberius ever issue an edict
-which was not for the general welfare? Did
not Henry justify the massacre of St. Bar
tholomews by the general welfare? During,
the late Revolution when the city of !*aris,
nay, the whale territory of France, floated
-with the blond of her butchered people was
it not forthe general welfare* KventheDev of
Algiers, that ruflaln despot, when he orders
nn innocent victim to the bow-string, will
tell you that it tslor the general welfare.
[Frm th? ^ rn^Rtpublicat ]
The following fact* are collected from the t
circular* of the Liverpool merchnnt* < I
"In the ftr?t eleven months of 1838,thodc- i
create of the importation of American cot- I
ton compered with the seme period of 1827, <
wee 193, 100 bale*. I
IncreaK of Importation ef South Amerl- 1
ym cotton in the ume limct 32,700 bn)e?. ,
locrc.tsc of Inpotution o i Egyptian not
ion, 1 0f 000 bales. 1
Increase of East Iiul inn cotton, 3,000 l?alc?.
i Thus it appears that in eleven month* of
the lust yenr thedec?eli?Jnthc importation
of cotton in England from the UnUrd States
wa? 193,100 b.des, while the Increase of lm
)>Mvt.?tiuii from other places tbsiMhe United
State*, even at the present low prices, was
63,500 hale* II V'
ThU subject i? one ??f *uch cnwcquencc ?n
all parties, that In resuming it* discussion
from time to time, no aitolof y is necessary..
The great Intcreats of the south are alarm
ingly Involved In the continuation of this per
hiclou* and very partial policy of the govern
ment. )t waa a long time ete the follower*
ol Mr. Clay were willing to allow that hi*
*y*tem would be as Injurious to the uiiti-mrift
states* a* its positive and ascertained cffcct*
have demonstrated it 1*. In Mutuinlng tlii*
odioo* measure, It was absurdly and wildly
maintained, that not only would manufac
ture* be encouraged, but that even our rev
enue, commcrce, navigRti<>n?ind agriculture,
if not directly benefitted, would certainly
not be Injuriously affected, Willi what truth
these piophecic* were made, let the situa
tion ol these several object* of national on
eern and Milicitudc attest, llow fur the i
wishes of the wlmlc boulhetn country, have !
been heed* d by congress, in the e/.c raise of
ut lei'.st n very questionable power, let the
earnest piotekta presented to the lust Virgi
nia legislature, by no outraged nnd chivid
ric people, declare. Theso bold remon
strance* of freemen, goaded on, j ear after
year, to the verge of that precipice ut which
despair bid* them ttund, lire not to be u>
uiui...i <1... . r .11 ?
iili imputation* upon their patriotism, und
Ii?lelity to i lie Union.
It is of the highest importance, that Vir
?'Jin i, wb>, l>y her ^eographicni posiuon, autl
ii r t?#.?e of chnrarte., ami aviimii.it ion ol
ft elm;;, i-? the natural ally cf t'-.e south, dc
i sert not those whose service* she muy need
?i'?'>n the ovcum nee of fiouihlc events. ?
[ I here i* another consideration which makes
it \eiy de-arable th.it we, of this common
! wiuUii, MillVr not the subject ol the tariff to
| jn- I'-r^olti n ; u very great mudifii.ition of it
j i.? e\pectid i>i tin; m-xt hair y ears? xdener
? will t?c consulted mtu an upostacy from
formed opinions; lid our Mibtmcimn
? l Mini ( icorgia and the Cu"oliuas, must j;ie-?t
' ly weaken lite appeals which arc to h>- made
*to t n. justice of lite general government. It
lis the more neroviry now, iii.it t,,e pt?:>lie
Ipiiiits tuni the a<Unti?ti of the people to
j v.;? r. r ,;!cd by a miuionu-r, r?<: " Ameri
[run stem," because approbation ol it ?s
I df m itided through nn ii,>;-cid to ?.ur iwc
? i ct.ce an.! r?gaid I i Mr. Madison :the y<il;r
it to be made ca?y, lift:-, use, indet d, that
Kr-.'.it ni u hat do i-.ve.l it w..s legitimately
put i n. Keeli.i,; iioio tA that blind \ enei it
Won |:.r n.eic uu:f?',r:ir. which in some per
? <iis leads to ihe direct a'nodo:imc:>t of l heir
honest ? "iivicttons, v- have durrrl to din\,
at least todcu' t, the constilutiuunlity of this
measure to protect manufactures ; and <?.-e
? have seen nothing which disptW those doubts,
but niiit-h that g??cs syrotiglv to cmfntn the
unmi ill n?>' ? WHWttW'tT >>;.r itu'
|~nn>llTii'i')n ; and the evidence dc/fi) ? t lint in
jStrumei.t, i? uo cm roliorative, that i: is mat
jterol great surprise ihnt it escaped ihe ?t
lent ion of Mr. Madison, as that this illusti i
.ous adv(K:at? of state right*, shr.iild Imt
drawn conclusion* so inimical to the docti ine?i
lie so unanswerably vindicated in '<??.
j As there liavo been, and will nj;ain be,
: Ki'^?t cllort* mnde, to reconcile the ptople
; of \ irgmia to a tariff, for the sole purpose cl
/ir'jfrtton? we beg leave to refer briefly to
those passages of the constitution which ut t
.relation to sustain this assumed power of
coiigres*. \Vt shr/uhl not deem tUu itnpor
j lain, if Hit rc were not manv person* whoaie
, iimnforined of the constitutional point* upon
i winr.li this eontroverted matter rest vcrv
| many, we daresay, have not giienthcm
j *el\es the trouble to read the more refined
and abstruse essay* and repot ts, which have
been written upon the subject.
j It h proper to leinark, in iho Ar*t place,
jlliat the fomi our government is fedn stive,
, and that the asst^iated states are each sove
, ??.'ign I he compact entered into between
the in, was drawn op by the widest states
men no tin: eoi.tineut, and framed with the
iitmo?t skill, ami under the deepest conside
ration. ||c who peruses it, will find how
tenner usi) too rcparate republic# dim; to
then- rignts. AJI t? cy intend to grunt is
down nnd ascertained, and it
i* tleclareil, that the power* which tlicv
Ii av u net thus yielded, are to br reserved to
tliemsvlvrs, i? tj,c mass ? 1 those ungranud
i lit Jiur/ittc* for w h it'll this confederation
was formed, are pointed out In this instru
ment of the Union with equal precision and
certainty ? so that the granted power* can
nev er be used for a fitir/iw beyond the pur
view of the constitute. ii. I |,eso limitations
upon the authority offfeder.il government,
were wisely framed to prevent that consoli
dation, so justly dreaded by our ntirestors.
How far this object will have been effected
a few year* more perhaps will reveal.
t ? Kc"bng this question of power in the
legislature to firoUct Manufacture* iu tin
way proposed, we recur, of course, to th?t
instrument which i* uuiposed to control the
legislative action of Congress, und in rui.
Jilngovcr the ll*t of powet* conferred, we
! , n ^or *be one now contended
i 'mi ut wo do find another, bearing some
"tie ? elation to it: and the history of its i?.
troih,, t on not only shed, great light upon
the sohjcct, but in our humliiebpiniou, should
forever put to rest this claim bv the (icuoral
Government. We find the follow i,.K
age in the Constitution: -Cnngre** shall
have power "to promote the progress of
science mid the utr/u! or/*, /, j, *,c ur hg.fi, r
limited Hmea, io authortand men, tort, thr
r,ZCJU.?!Vr "**' I? ft* rr*tiC(,tvr t vrUhgn
und ditcootrirt." The phrase "useful art*,"
' ^'"'ccded, comprehend* the subject of
manufacture* i ami the foregoing clause Is
the only one which confers expressly, nny
|x>wer toAreMefc that branch ofour industry
nideriwisideratky Butlt will not S
hI? .l^ trlue?L the mw#t *"P*rtlcio|,th*t
' mean* ofthi*
iruinotion, are created In the very sentence
vJifch contains the grant of power, I'lic
"useful arts," in which are properly inclu- j
ded manufacture*, arc lobe promoted how?
by sccuringfor limited lime*, to "inventors," |
the exclusive right to their discover!?." |
?!;
force of these obit i vstlons, it is proper to eb- j
serve,- that the duusc upon which we have
commented, was not inserted to the constitu
ii?n, when the Utter was first submitted to
the convention hi 'BT ; hot vtuae finally to be
Incorporated lo the manner fallowing s?
Propositions were submitted to give tongrcs*
the power"to secure to literary authors their
copy right* for a limited time, "to encour
n8?* by proper firemmms and fitovhlcm,
the advancement of useful knowledge and
discoveries." " to grant patent* for useful
invention*/' ?no establish public institutions,
rewards ami immunities, for the momotiok
uf agriculture, commerce, trad* and manu
facture*." After the fullest consideration,
the committee to whom were referred these
proposed amendments, reported, in reference <
to tnu whole subject, the provision which we I
now flnd in the constitution. Can aay thing
then,. possibly make clearer the intention of
the frame rc as regards tho power of the
general government over this subject of
manufacture's ? llcr< seems to he a direct
commentary and explanation by the men
who sat in the convention. II thcru wetc
ambiguous clauses from which might possi
bly be deduced an incidental power, the hi*
tory of the proceeding* touching the subject
in controversy, clears away that ambiguity.
The passages upon which the advocate*
of a protecting Tariff rely, ate two? 1st,
the owe reading thus: I'.ongicss shall have
power " to lav mid co\jcct taxes, duties im*
post* and rxuwK, to pay the debts and pro
vide for the common defenee, mid general
welfare of the United States; but all duties
imposts, and excises, shall be uniform
throughout the United States." It is main*
tniued th.it hare in a generul'control over the
subject of duties mid impost*. The plainest
rule* of eoastructinn arc discarded; for it in
rendered perfectly obvious, by the mere
/ tunctuuthn , that the (tower to luy mid col
lect taxux, is conferred wish the view of pay
ing the debts and providing for the "gencr
ui welfare: which latter words, but few men
aver, w-oiit. tin a mi fat native grunt of power:
for audi u supposition i? destroyed, by the
tecurrcncc to the J!rtl brunch of the clause,
in the concluding words? to wit; "but all
duties, imposts and excises, shall be uniform
liuoughnut the I 'nited Stales." The other
passage, said to contain tho power, is thnt
giving autiiorit> to Congress, to ??regulate
eoni'tierec." )}ul, its has been justly obser
ved, the po?vrr to " regulate commerce" is
so entirely foreign to thnt of firotectiujf man
ufacture', that nothing but the most latitu
ditinu* nacli ?;f construction ecu possibly
roum ( t titeiu. And to do this, it i? necessary
f- r those who t ike the position, to iutcrpn
I .te words *. hit h are not to be found in the
I'-uist'itul'inr.. la conc.lu lion, it may be ob
?ervid, that if there was Tolerable certainty
that this t.uj rightful cxcrctso c?f power,
there would !?? greater unanimity amung ii*.
a'.U?A-Mle:., as lo t!ie particular somccof its
d !???!?. i.tion ? ;l.is conrtiction of vi.*w is proof
nfthr fjlaey of the claim.
, IfO'irUGN NRWS.
? ? ? rnrmtinr
'/'/. Ck :l. !?!>? Peel lin? in
ifnJ i.'n'. H mo?t ctiraerdinay Kill tior tiipnrecsiiiK
i!to ( *nt Smt ic A^ocialion lit In'laiiti, ami il lw?
? hmmi n td*. mii ! ordered In lm fl'Mlimitied, in
i ??f by um.itlmmit ronton!.
W it let i it from il?t 'lime* of Fi binary 13. that
, J t).i? ioi i:oiitrmp(>.te? formally llin ('.illiolic Aim)
eiHit"' alone; Iml il W ?n frainrd n? In luvrtf Ihe
l.oril l.?'it?(ii.nl with jiowri lo di-|tei?e nml put
' whiitrotvir, IhotiJih ?if n politiral
? cliiirHtrrtlii) mo?l cnpotili' lo that of the Avot'i.t
l.O'i w liie.lt limy ap|iciir inimical ic the public peace
' from thfif lemh iiey In produce nr prolong Ihe
fpiril ol triumph or mortification on either ?'ute.
The i e\v hill Li gliii v\iih ll.e prr&eni or lalo At
tr.riaiiuit, ivhicft it ?overfly di nouiicc*. It next
Hilitih ?t > llin Vittiou* uhllli and devices by whirh
former of : iritil.tr intent havrUrrit evaded,
Mild fi?e? Hie (.old i.ltMilrnleitl kUtllotlty? flrtl,
hy prui'.litmnlioii lo pinhihit all nntl every meeting
vvhivlt ho tli.tll damn dangerottt lo lit** |>uhlifl
peter nr Mfely," a |toiver wliirV. i>pi li? ? like- '
v\ i?e lit nH mretln??, adjourned, rtHtwril, ? r nlll
ertvim r<ontinui d, nmh'r nny pr.-irnce whatever;
>?i<iniilly, to dUprtso uie.h met tins* through lbt>
tir diuin of '.wo juitlren of the |i?ara.
'I he rent m l'iu ;.tihj> ct of pn-.nli.ir peiwlliet nntl
i:! -ii-e* tli.?v p iyin^ I tunder Mtty iiurne or j?rr?
t uee lire to foifcit, not only the Mtm* ?ul>?cttl?'d
t>y them, t.nl lr<*Mo lint Amount lit Ihe nature of u
p-nxtty t? thu rrmva, nod the parly ru ting m re
t river of nny ten! it to be considered us debtor to
I tic kin ? lor thu iiiuount, Inside* being lioblo tu a
ftne ol
II y a t l.tntcof tiit^ttlar ri^or, nny p'rson rrrelv- j
in); tuc!i CQttlrilniiliint,)! cmuiielnt k hy rsamiitu* J
lion on oath, to dist'over hi?iiWN drlini|iiency.
'Die act H)^iiu'<l III* (.'allmlii! Ast.ii iiition l?
ptrprluali av'uimt other Httemhiii't it I* in forte
but lor a ninglr yeur frwn the |mttin? of the art,
mid to ll.o ei.il of lh?9 then next ti'Mioii of l*nrlia?
inert
Till/ di'iineti ?n, however, hat h<?eii esiituined
l*y Mr IVel tio m l t* p? rpelttal at to ii? abolition
oi tin- 1 ruling *>?oti.ition:H?loalllutur< meeting,
? temporary.
; And yel Mr P>'el lnu heen fighting a thfldnw,
I 'or, molding to li-tii u fiont l>i|lilin, tin- ( '.illndic
j A- delation, the tulijorl ol thii mvern uiul ^rMtra
1 ty l.iw, hit Ltfn ilnvlrt'l Mr. flpntt^ llier, lin*
I annnimre'l it t'Jfirittlly in the lli^ilfr of Conimotit,
I and tlw Tmt*? ot the i .'Silt Kfhro?ry,?ijri:
? "'flie Dnhlln lelltrt atnl n>TU?paper? nripnint
i ii>. that in an ojmmi i-onimitiee, where about IIMI
? of lha lemlinr thi'tnlirri of ll.o Annotation met on
Monday rveninr, lti? in?jortlv ? "nil thai major
ity e?iii)|.o c.l id tlit. fir^t tlalhollfl r.entleinen for
Mitk and r.hitrarter? were derided in f..vor r>f an
lmPiedial?> and ?i.nple tth*ol>itioii ; It nt il.i? wlml"
beileh of < '.itholh l |*hrip? joined mi ri' roininwilt!ili}{
that e.inrie, full #,f itdotn nii'l ol iMiidly ronH
denea in honor of ihe Ktne't fSnveriimeiit, ntnl in
Ilia Im'iii fieenri? of ||ie l.?cl?!ntore ; tlml Sbiel,
?trottK in I.k o.vn jndiri'iiietit, end fort i lied hy ihp
ron?:u reiie.* of | lii? (*ni holir <"hiirrb, I ml p.ivn
notjee of it million lo dit?olvn itie A??or.M*ion
>Mf<*f?r, Kltiiili no man ran il?;?thl that ho would
e^r, v.
Tlia Tiitr* <ire? nnrtrrfU lo Hie rnnjer lb?| n
??ill (whieti !? fia fronting) will rtntiy remove the
diwtMhtiet niuh r ?thielt tbr liomen l alholica he
b?r.
At |#?tfitl it |> all rortjeiiMrr. MlnWrrt arm.
lo have rrtolved that Ihe fir?t atrp thoitM Im I hi- |
(Hiiilnn down of th.? (!ilHuLtr AatocunoK,"
Whelhrr ? ppre??e,| and unhappy Ireland hut nny !
Mdiri (niHnd ot bope, after lit* manlfntalion of Hut
peremptory opinion, time mwt abnw.
The di?*<du!innot tbr IrleH C'Mlholln A?meia
t|.)ti an re?4tminended I. ? f.ord Angle?r? end '
Lotd Holland. The inhabitantt of LNhlia art '
aey*:~?
j xfizgrcx
grtul qoerfioa oi Catbolio Emancipation, the eon.
cushion ol which wni unnvallingiy ni*?'d on (lie
lexkialere for* wrki of )??ere, by Tfcn untied,
rlwiMutt end wUrfuin of Ciiattae uid Pol. of
HurV?? Hud I'iH, of Sheridan nud Conning, U i.o*v
a boot (o Ik> carried, by the vny m*n who Imvc
been oil their livrtiu WilrrcH opponent*.
By lb? latr*t account*, Mr. OX'oeKMk had
- cli il Skrtwtburg. The mi! ?mwl will bring
u*uun? lutcrcallnji hilctli??uc? wilhicgvdlo Ibis
cbainpiooof Iruland.
With K'xud In Ihttipeclrd bill, the ClBtcow
Chronicle ??y?? Tim till but been ?nbn>lltea to
1 1 1 r King, end npprovrd of by hint. It b not petty
or traffloklnx, lot*ilendt '? to the removal gener
ally of ell civil dimbilitiet ander which the tinman
i Catbolita labor, with eicrption* retting tolely on
| ?prcinl pronnd*" ? tho office of I*ord ObHMlM,
? lor instance, ef which one of the moil important
attribute* U tint direct dUtribotton of necleafcutl- i
k?I |*lrouaRo. Ttie Dublin Uvenieg I'oet ?eppo~ ?<
id that tliQ SicnritW* will h* embraced In n l>*
clnrntlon, ?opitohat timilarlu that now taken by
the Pbr-ntrtt. To tliU tpiciee of Brcnrity tl*re,
can ha no objection In puiut of f|?ct the moinbera ;
of the KtaMobrd Cbuich lubicriln. till* Declara
tion nt tvt-ll n* the UWiciilnt ? and C?tholi?-? will
do the ?ume.
Fr+w ih ? London Ciurttr.
Tluaiulmtlou* of the tf-.verooimt are to pot I
down tbn t'athollc Awovklioii iu the 'flrrt in ?
?lancr. The court mnatar" in contemplation i
i* Urn dUfraui Mjrmcnt of thn 4?i 'lulling frerhob j
d?n, and Ho* fixing the i lccliv* fmot bb? at .{20.
Tin1 Ihirrt it tur nomination qt the Ui.iiau Culhi?> 1
lio BUIiops by i|t* Kinc, without ?ny foreign in* j
teifir*!*:* ? without any authority or intrrfennee I
oftlio |*opr. Hu< iiUtnbl In Ik< lb* outline* of lb* i
mraiur* ctniirmplntrd, und it m-imiw that it will j
have I ha lingular Intr of not bciii!* tutiiliciory to
thn Catholir*? anil certainly not In the ('to- \
IrktniiU, w in ul.li to preicrve the t!ou;1>tulion at !
it I.. i
Frtm HrH'i Mr turner. ^
Tli?? furl it thai il U hilended lu o|ten 1?oth liou?- J
et til l'<tiliauit'i I to rapid*. Mr. O'Connell and ,
liik I'iIkuiIj my, Mt? tinianelpallon i* lo lie uuwurfi- i
tioiuil. Thr |iri')enl pntno**d nt nlvln: pnlillcal
?eats to ilu; Catholics li jn?tified noon ilo prlnel
prhiripln o| tspcdiutry. 4,ll is to be done," N?y?
Mr. IVi l," became Uiu peace ol ?!??? ?!????? rvipifrts
II, and further idtlnn would wily nontlmiB lo
Mill rmliioil n* tfllhoirt end. ll l? hatler j
lo incur, at nil lisi!?ril?. Hi" coiilinjjcwcy of future :
nil, I lilt o lo endure the pre?eut \?ith ntl iu |>o?* i
tittle Hjicnvnl'-'ii."
Mr. O'Coxnfi.i,. ? The Dublin Weekly
Keftistor of Feb 7th c.imtalns a lung eloquent
adtlross to the House of Commons from the ,
pen of Mr.O'Coksn.i.. He examine* nil
the l.?w? iclatiugtoihe subject, and establish
cm hi* right to vii and vole in Parliament by ?
tilt; following summary.
First* ? Thut t'.icre is nothing iu the com- !
nnm law to take nway or infringe ou tlut ,
right.
Second? That the Statute* of 5th Elita- !
beth unci 7th James, which rquired ?ath* of ,
allegiance and tujirriuacy to lie taken in the ;
Loul Steward'* office, ure in that respect
repealed by the statute 1st William and
Mary. i
Third? That paimltios and disnhilttie* ;
li&h Parliament only.
_ Fourth ? That the penalties and disabili
ties in these statutes were expressly applied,
and continued to lie applicable to the lirlt -
i?h Parliament, by the "J7d article of the Un
ion with Srnihtud.
Fifth ? That none of the penalties or disa
bilities in these statute* were applied to, or
coi.tinued far the United Kingdom Parlia
ment by the 4th article of the Irish Unions
Sixth? That neither the time nor manner
of taking the o.iths in English statutes is en
acted by the Irish Union statute* or i* now
any portion of the law of the United King
dom Parliament. 1
Seventh? That the statute of the 41st of
Geo. III. enp. 52, does not, and cannot ap
ply to the oath* and declaration*, because
(amongst many other reasons) if it did so
apply, it would no* he utterly impossible
for an Iriuh member to avoid being disabled
to sit and vote. ? A*. Y. Morning Courier..
FROM KNOI.AND.
Ujr the packet *ltip Bylvanui Jcnkin*, Copt.
All* n, fftmt Liverpool, t* o hut e received our Lon
don und Liverpool pnpers lo lite llllh and I IUi
inclusive.
On referring In (lie tlnte of lite markn., it will
lie ttiii that cotton hit drcltuc* 1 1 1 per lb.
Attached to one of oi|r |Mi|>< rj wa? n *lip. upon
which wk? pnoled in large capital*. UATMO .
I.IC EMANCIPATION H TO IJF. UilANTKI)." i
Mr, I'eel introduced a b.ll in the Home >4
Common* for 111* ?nppr*?kinn of dangemnt a*vt
rljiliiitii or niffinlilira, iu Ireland, cr what ii called
the C'nlb<>li? A'locialiou, <bv!.iriit{ any perom
pre wot to be guilty nf mi* ? lumen noj, the l.ouduii
Tunc#, in *peuk)ii? of tint (till, ??yn
" That an art lo *we cping, ??? ?eareldnjj, and no
penal, entitd Mdntroduc * ysny tnodtrn tniid'try,
and noccded loMmiir mnlrnfiirtnle by any l|unt?
of Cwmmont in tlito free rvuntry. |>rovet 1?y no |
meam a wanton nr leprahemdile det ire iu either of |
tliem lo em<eiHl tin |>reri>^ni|ve, or ettrronrh on
llio Itfterly of the ml.jtfi; l.tit ll d<?e? prove, un
ihiuht?lly, iheeitreme ? and, we inuy add, lh?
Juat ? iilnrn, Itolh of th* executive ^overnmrot
and of lli?? parliameiil, at Ihe growth of a power,
unknown to Fugluh liwtory, ao>l, m it* remit, in- i
aroetraltlv to liuman ronjecture ? the natural oft
tpriti/, ???? vr i tlielcto, of ohitinulo fricvanrei mid ,
of d? f |? root'-d prtiV(*cation, inflicted on and felt l?y ,
a whole jK ople for the ?wkc ef their reliant ?. 'I'h* '
wet f>?r ?ii|>{>re tin* Ihi.i lerrilde power, I !?c reform, ;
ought to |?o rrg.-irdrd, in lit otitrajroti,' hill una- j
voidable dcfpwfitm, a? nothing more tlun tha j
meaiure of ihe c vit wlimro it vprin^f?of that
:{raod and original moi;li?*f, llio ih grudntion of '
wren million) of brave ai?d h.ynl Cnlholset.'*
Tit" pi|'< rt contain but little* intrtli/eiRe from j
tire tent of war, l?ring prnn iiully filled with the :
iiriw f ?diii_'? of Ihe ||o<i.o of tJomition* on the '
I'nlholi': ((tir.lion. It ?;'????-??* that |l<* I i>i|>r>rpr
i? making lift mod gigantic prepaiations lor the
en?'iing ounte>t.
J oiiallian Merlin hit* Inert apprehend**! for
*etltng fire to York MiuUti-r, Ilo |ta* canfltWil
the t rime.
LIVKIIPOOL, Feb. 14.
Cotton. The i.n|n>rt till* week is ?.1,870
hag*, nod the sale* sue 1 1,? 10 bugs, at a de
.t: 1 I J ?' ...
-"m -? ? ???
rline of IA per ll>. on American description*.
The I'm a Jalund* at |>?tl?|ic a net ion yr*tciduy
ureutofT witlnait i,>iiit at ahnji late price*,
viz z ,l2?Kea Island* nt 1 1 M tit 14^1) ISO
fttained do. at 5ld t?? Vjd; f.WO Ihiwcds nt 5 Jd I
N40 Orfennt at Otd to 8d; C70 Al?* I
at rid to
i at fd to
I at fd to 7id; 380 Com
s at 41d to Md}? J90 ligyp
8di and S80 tturat* and Bcii
tq Jd per lb. There ara no latar
n flew York than those of 31st
.w^r, given In our last, which quoted
..aentl^e of Upland. 9\ to 10, and pre
mium of Exchange fcjd.
/Va/iCf?The ship ClcmMes from Hav
re has arrived at Boston, bringing datca to
the 16th February*
[Treaslatsd for (be Nsw-Engfeai PUUdlw.]
PROSPECT OF PEACE.
afftirs of Grtccc, and to i
tlon of the British and Fit
The arrival of a French i
presented by the Dutch !
Effendl, appears to have <
true channcl.
The Porte had received a declaration fram
the Thm Power* who have taken Greece
SfSStt ra&h^r 4,1117 *
batthefiolumJi
ccdeo to thia declaration, and U not far from
consenting to enter Into a formal ncgoclaUcn
oh the subject, provided it takes place At
Constantinople. He *l"4y* refused sending
n Turkish Commission out of the city, and
the Rcls Effendl haaexplalued himself about
it in a peremtory v. tanner. The party for
pcace, however, flatter themselvce to have
obtained a great success, and it ia thought
that, if the Power* will take upon themselves
the sending the plenipotentiaries to Constan
tinople, they may bring about a duiablo
peace. The arrival of n Russian cartel ha*
i;ivcn to these pacific rumours a new consis
tence; it is laid it is the bearer of proposals
from the emperor Nicholas, to enter into
negotiations. with the Porte, and that they
have been sent to the Rels Effendl by the
L)?mi?h Minister.
Although we know nothing positive in thi?
respect, there is but little doubt entertained
that they arc relative to a equation of hot'
til it let, and that they profit by this occasion
to treat about the exchange of prison
cm.
The Danish Minister sends his drogomnn
every day to the Porte, to treat, at is suppos
ed, on important affairs; It is remarked
that, at present, less animosity prevails on
the part ut the government against the Rus
sians! the prisoners are better treated. ?
These circumstances, as well as the atten
tions paid to tho Raron of Hubsch, the Dan*
iftli hnvoy, are certain indications of the
wishesofihe Porte to lend his hand toward.
r\n nrangemcnt. NodonVt is entertained
that the o|>ening of neroclattnns between the
Turkish snd Russian Commissaries will pre
vent a sccond campaign.
All these hive spread universal joy here.
Please (iod that they may not he {reversed
by some unforsccn event. The Sultan la
hours without relaxation, and sees his minis
ters ever)' day. Change* are to be made in
the ministry, as well as in the regular rcgi*
mcnts &c.
Captain Clark, of the brig General Paez,
which arrived last evening, states, that a rc
vr? wit* urcuictea ana Currently believed
I at Curacoa, that Bolivar had been assassina
ted, and his tt oops, amounting to about 5000
men, had fled, und that all communication
between Valencia and the other parts of tho
country had been cut off.? A*. Y. / \afier .
GKQR (I IAN OPFICR, \
Savattnuh Jh'rUIay, 6 I*. Af. $
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE.
Our city has again mot with a visitation
from Arc, the third within * period of two
months and which in the individual distrcsn
it ha* occasioned among the poor, is more la
mentable thnti cither of the others. The.
fire commenced about 10 o'clock yeatcrdny
morning, in the house occupied as ? grocei y
store hy Mr. Mcfiurn.at the corner uf Fit bin
and Indian Street Lane, in that part of the
city called Yamacraw.? The wind, which
was about S. W. soon communicatedrthe fire
to the building belonging to the estate of
Gardner, on Indian street, whence it c rotted
to the large wooden warehouse, containing
the cotton compressing machine af Mr.
Habersham, from etrcrlr part of which, tho
fire appeared to burst forth at the same mo
ment, reducing it to ashes almost immediate*
ly. From this the flames rapidly spread to
the two story frame building occupied by
Mr. A. A. Stints, as a counting 100m?
thence to the three warehouses ??f Mr. Hab
ersham, on Bolton's upper wharf) and totho
lumber behwghig to Mr.Smets immediate
ly below the preceding. Here the destruc
tive element, in this direction was arrested
?two brick shed* next the river, with 380
tasks i f rice, being saved, and the Inclined
plane Mill, belonging to Captain Hannor,
having i.niv been partially injured by pull
ing on kunie ??t the weatlter-boarding. Du?
ring the time the ftro was extending in
this direction, from ihe buildings of (>nrd
nbr which We have mentioned, it spread cntt
and north, In ita destructive progress, cm
hincing all th? buildings on the Health side ot'
Ind.an Street, from Fahm, Street to and in
cluding Captain Swymor's within two lots
of West llroad Street, through to Joachim
Street, with one or two exceptions, are burnt
or (Hilled down. |t waa here finally check
ed, at the house ocupied by Mts. Simpson,
belonging to Win. Gibbons, Esq. intlurrear
of 1. II. Morel's Tubby building, West
Broad Street, the two story frame building-,
of M. Brown were repeatedly on lire, and
extinguished only with extreme exertion.
One of the building* in the Steam-flout Com
pany's yard, wan also several timeaon fire,
but fortunately extinguished. Indeed It is
surpriting, that in this direction it did m*
extend farther. During the progress erf tho
(lames the wind was changeable and had it
have conic round toN. W of whi< h soma
fears were entertained, and which it did, af
ter the firs waa Mtbdned, thera ia no knowing
where it would have stopped, at least one
third of the city would have been destroyed.
The whole nnmberof dwelling houses, actu
ally destroyed, la eighty or nmcty, and of
other descriptions, probably fifteen or about
oxr. nuxonrn in all.
The three warehouscsof Mr. Habersham
on Bolton's upper wharf, which wcie con -
sumed, contained a large qunnti of Hlco
andCorn, e?f which. 900 tierces rY the fo?
mtr, and 1200 bushels of the latter, were