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F1BX, GAlt BH 1WD HOUSEHOLD. Every farmer know a that sheep can not bear damp soil without injurious effects attending, and II.at undrulned pastures are therefore to be avoided ; also all low spots or hollows In which marsh plants grow. Bui all farmers are not aware of the fad that the character of the soil upon which these animals are pastured has an Influence for food or lor bad. bolls rich in potash, such as those o insisting of decomposed granite or feldspar, are not favorable for sheep; . pastured long on such lands they show a generally unhealthy appearance, * especially the lambs. These lands are nflMi enough for cattle, but sheep thrive best on sandstone and limestone soils of a dry, porous character. The original home of the Leicester sheep ~ie Bhropshir es is red limestone. lerlcan Merinos are to be seen fectlon on the limestone hills of Termont. > "While peat or marsh lands are un favorable for sheep farms, salt marthea near the* tiofeft are utilized with fair results, as (be aa'ine herbage acts as a specific against the diseases to which sheep Are subj&ft upon ordinary marsh lands. Sheep are also bred with success in localities?where coal is mined, an in stanpe of which aro the lino herds in Ohio and Pennsylvania on pastures with undMying coal formations. Wherever the locality may be, and r the geological character of ^ie land is not drained fhot^ef ralsod with profit, st nave dry pastures, or dis ease will quickly and surely thin out the flock. The character of the soil influences the characjber of the herbage and the . .character of the sheep i? Influenced by ? the pasture. V,' All lands of grass afe not equally good for sheep. The flesh and wool of the sheep, scientists teach, ar^haifvlha? products of the soil and H conmvYmlj what has existed in the i 4>l|int? - which the sheep have con < Analysis of clean wool gives In every 100 pounds about seventeen pounds of nitrogen and five pounds of "When fed on nutritious pas ?fleeoe contains a quantity of tttertertned "yolk " and the Kl health. This yolk ion that tho focd is all ent-M- AVhen tho woo' ^lsjbarah and dry this is a proof that ?r- the tiourkAment^ is-: defective. Now the ydlk contains a largo per cent, of potash, hence tho proper footl mupt ' hfr rleh ttnitriphur. notash and nitro '' gen, ias W*ll|W#Wifr matters. The \ bones of the&lfeep"cbntaln a larg* per cent, oftf>hosphate.<|tnd carbonate of llifi^ tKbh those facts (n Vle#f|t will be seenTnaf th6 pasture 'must either mm giving the required *le b? ^supplemented by other jWjlll supply the deficiency. re comes the argument for a wgMtitilAWidy. as a rule, a pasturf' <>? several, grasses. 4s better than that .with ono only. The best 6r the-deraaMn grasses are those of creep ing habit, with fine, short herbage. -Timothy, oat-grass, spuij-gras?, blue grata, sheeps' fescue, red-top and or ehard grass, when olose'y pastured; meadow ' foxtail, ?white clover, etc., for a desirable herbage for sheop. Buf falo-grass and the mesquite grasses of , the West aro excellent pastures. By ? the* irli# the- occasional dressing of . pastures with bone-dust, salt and sul ph&tfe pf H,I,e furnish a supply of min eral scatters that aro of service. Parsley, . yarrow, wormwood aid other grasses of an aromatic or astrin gent ^character are often introduced , into p&tures for their medicinal effect Upon the sheep.?New York World. y t_ Fwtm nnd Garden Note*. Give pigs a grass-run If you can. It will do them great good. 'Beep, rich soils and top-dressing are the remedies for drought. , Begging grapes has numerous advo cates among the best farmers ahd fruit-growers, . , Dq npt forget that all kinds of stock enjoy a relitm of salt and that it is ben?flOTai*to thorn.' Kemdthber that while tlie ponds and-swamps are dried up muck can be obtainetVwith little labor. Bo noi let the carrots get overrun with Wtjpd}. Take them in hand early an*thin tl|en0o six Inches. {Tflv?$ all the stock of the farmat this ypj fresh water. T)o not try requires this care, y m^Oew.on grapevines, ur vHwf a bel day.~ ? does not. know ^that s one of the best applica eather belting; Applied ^ ^ fmer advises the grow oft buckwheat in huc <4 xwlll not eat the hiickwheat aiiq are atarvod to d.-uth. ' Mi* chopped onions with the food once a day for several days and groiind ginger twp or, thrpe times a week and yotP TOitycheok riarly symptoms of fflbltai in poultry. Afterward give tioth onco a week. lk> not Jeavo any uiioocupied land to weeij ive'flt ogbwi ic^pp of weeds. .When an early crop is removed mow at once Any crop that will keep them down. Buck r pea * are gocd and may be " ^fotaftost;*/, i-t end ? iVol.tSo' the hogs and premature apples V ground. With each _ _ , $rcodling moth* which, if left alono, will burrow into &he ?hief.L used on PPB for at least ? y^Wtfofe the crop u grown, itn premature use is a mistake commonly made by .farmers who draw m^nuro for the garden from their hog pen. Hog manure breeds worms that work At the roots ot cabbage plants and render them worthless. it Mr.Cann, According tOthe ilmUaitf. Y. V Husbandman, ? once v .-tried salt and ashes put on tho hills to the out-wcrtai from Stocking r*tfte plant*. The salt mado tho yo\ing i ; c^ra yrtlow and sickly in-i appearance; lt$><ftHfe*eral weeks to get good dolor again, while the application mado no dureregceso far as cut-worms wero >; j " 'AT E, It, Libhy, writing to the Now York Tribune, static that from his in vestigations he hAS been convinced that seed corn oaanot be exchanged to adtantage between the Northern and Southern States, as the large-eared ies canorly he cultivated auo lty south of latitude 40. Bach n, hi his opinion, should produoe tsown seed. The praetioe of the best farmers now Is to keep pigs through the summer on green food, cut and < arrled to the pens, with a littlo grain and what milk can * after butter-making, aprlng thus made to weigh 200 &*&?&&&& grain. The best time to Mil such pigs is at the beginning of odd weather, usually in October. ./ It Is almost useless to attempt to fatten poultry while running at largo. They should be confined in well venti lated ooops, or restricted to a limited range separated from other fowls. Their meals should be furnished them regularly three times a day, and plenty of pure fresh water with lime, sand, broken b^nes, etc., and ashes or dust from the road to wallow In. Their food should be varied, wheat screen ings, corn, buckwheat, boiled potatoes, and occasionally oats. These are all excellent for fattening. Itcrlpca. Ckkam Fritters.?Ono and one half pints flour, one pint of milk, six well-biaten eggs, one-ha'f nutmeg, two teaspoons salt, one pint crean; stir the whole enough to mix thecr.am: fry in small cakes. lloixs F4JR Tea.?One quart of flour, onehalf-teaspoonful of salt, three teaspoonfuls of baking powder, ono tablospoonful of lard, one pint of milk; mix in as soft a douirh as you can handle (aujy, andtakJ j ains not to work in much Hour on tho kneading board; cut out in narrow strips, about five ipch&s longi^rub the top over with sweet mltk, and bake in a hot oven. Potato Sandwiches. ? Potato sandwiches are not much like the articles usually called by tho name, and are not fit for picnic or luncheon basket. To make tlieui fry slic s of l>eef in butter; they must be gently done, and not foo dry. Cover one side of each slice with well-mashed potatoes free from lumps, a quarter of an inch in thickness, egg and breadcrumb over; then proceed in the same way with the other sides. With a sharp knife, trim them into pieces of equal size and shape, either square or three-cornerod. Fry theiri in hot fat a light brown golor, and serve. Preserved Melon-Rind?After the melon-rind is peeled, and made green if desired, weigh it; to each pound allow a pound of sugar, an ounce of green ginger-root, a lemon and half a pint Of V^ater; scrape the ginger-root and tie it in a clean cloth with the yellow rind of the lemon pared >y$ry,thin; squeeze the juice of the leirion and strain it; put the sugar and water over the fire, and let them heat together and begin to boil, re moving all scum as it rises ; when the syrup Is Arte from scum put in the melon-rlnd, ginger and lemon-peel and juice, and boil all together until tho melon-rlnd looks dear, removing any s?um which may rise. When the rind Is clear take out the ginger and lemon peel, cool the rind in the syrup and then put up the preserve. How the Wind Stirs Up the 8ea. . ,Ono of tAo first things to be ob served in a storm la the way the wind fccts." It dbfcS hot blow regularly, but in gubts. At one moment it bends over the bratohes of the trees, in the next it |has loosened its hold and let them fly back. We see it swelling out a ship's sails into a full puft ; a minute later the suils hang Happing as if they had been struck down. 7 We can account for this phenomena and explain the intermittence of tho wind-puffs by assuming that the mole cules of air, displacing each other, ex cite a vibratory movement, which give rise to little undulations follow ing one after another at Intervals of a few seconds. ' The resultant of a series of these undulations is a puff of wind which comes on suddenly and is fol lowed by a short lull. A series of puffs constitutes a squall, and an ag gregation of squalls forms the atmos pheric wave which is called a gale of wind. We should naturally expect to observe the &ame phases in the forma tion of sea-waveB; and, in fact, if we carefully examine a wave, wo shall find that it is covered with very line ripplos, that correspond to tho atmospheric vibrations. The ripples give rise to wavelets, which correspond to the undulations of the air, and a^o seen on the upper part pf the waves. The wave proper appears to consist of a sories or wavelet*. A numbor of waves constitute a billow ; a aeries of billows gives rise to a heavy sea; a series of heavy seas produces tho great swell or tidal wave of tho storm. Prom the nautical point of viow the ripples are of no importance, for they fire seldom more thim a few mili meters in diameter; but from the sclpivtiflo point of view they may be considered as the origin of the swing of tl\0 liquid element, for they engender tho wavefetp. The lart are still of no interest to the sailor, but are important in their relation to works of art, which are disintegrated by their blows, ap parently insignificant, but in finitely multiplied. The wavelets are tO/tkirtv centimeters in dl atfieter ataa n&t' very long. A very heavy wind breaks them up and con tributes to the formation of a fine dust of salt water or salt spray, which is destructive tO|,-yegotation on exposed coasts. The wave proper may, in the English channel, be about ten feet high, thirty feet or more broad and olghty feet long; its proportions do not dis turb large ships, but it is destructive, in the long run, to p)rt works, and is dangerous to small craft when it breaks. We mny estimate that ten wavos make a billow. Tho first of the ten may be relatively small, but the others go on inorcasing,to tho last.? Popular Science Monthly. 1 ??" 1 i.. Tho Highest of Waterfsllfl. Some ye:irs ago Nlng .ra was sup posed to bo tho most magnificent wate. ? fall in tho world, but recent African explorers discovered that the falls on the river Zambeski, known as the Vic toria, aro even more wonderful than the famous American waterfall. And now comes tho nows that in Washing ion Territory there exists what is, in some resnects, tho Vnoat matvelous cataract in the world. It is on tlte Cowlitz river, and the fall is fully 1,500 feot high. It has not yet been fully expl red. There is also a water fall in Wyoming Territory 475 feet Wg'jv which is said to be a very won derful cataract of its kind. The re markable newness of our country is shown by the fact that these great nat rifitl cariosities have not yet been thoroughly oxamlne.l by whlto men.? Monthly. Never Satisfied. Thaddeus Sterns lial been con ducting an important cult for a wealthy old l'ennsylvanla farmer. During'its progress he was the latter'* S- uest. Whilo strolling over the farm, fr. Ktevons observed that the farm er's corn crop, which was Just rlpen idg, Was remarkable l>eyond anything he ha 1 ever seen. ?? My friend," said Mr. Stevens to tho farmer, "this is truly inagnlfioent I There is nothing left to be desired in your corn yield this yea1." "W-ft-H," responded the farmer, guardedly, "it is purty fair; putty fair. But," and this with a noticeable tinge of salnest), "thar might be a few more cunnela?lust a few more tunnel*??t the end of the *eb/' Csnalutt-J True plague, which originate In the hot Eastern oouittles, (a a high con tagious fever Hocotnpanled bylwdnful eruptions, and it *a< sometimes raged with awful effect over the whole area of Europe. Ferhapa the worst visita tion was in the fourteenth oentury, when the Oriental plague, known by the ominous and terrifying name of "black death," swept over that con tinent, carrying off the people by thousands. At various times since it has reappeared, though in less virulent form. Its last appearance in England in epidemic form was in 1665, and previous to that year, according to re liable authority, it had visited the country at regular periods of thirty to , forty years. But though England was freed from it, the malady frequently scourged other parts of Europe. Mar seilles in 1720 lost 00,000 lives by it. In 1771 and 1772 Moscow suffered to a terrible extent, and the latest authen ticated presence of the true plague was in Naples in 1815 and 1816, when great numbers of the people died. Other "maladies, similar in their nature but differing in various features, have been pronounced plagues and have at times worked dreadful havoc among tho residents of the East and portions of Europe, and outbreaks of fat:il and \ io'.ent pestilence in Russia, l'oland, Hungary and other countries where there are large massis of im poverished people living in poverty and flltll aie not yet uncommon. As a rule, the e diseases gain a foithold only where the habits of the people and disregard if sanitary conditions are such as to encoifrage them, and beyond question the large degree to which Englind, France and other countries have been exempt from their visitations is due to advance in personal and olllcial ideas of clonnliness and sanitation, added to better knowlodge of the true nature of the diseases, and more intelligent action in treating them by physicians. To return; to a recital of the more noted of epidemics that have spread suffering and death over the world, we find brief mention by Petavlus of a j "general plague" in 767 B. C. The, details seem to have been lost in the'I mists of antiquity. One of the earliests of these plagues occurred in Carthage U. C. 534, which was so terrible that the pagan people sacrillced their chil dren to tho gods in tho vain hope of appeasing the fierce wrath of the offended deit e?. At Homo in 458 15. O., a " desolating plaguo" prcva led. Thucydides describes a devastating plague that originated in Athens 480 11. 0., and spre d thence to Egypt and Ethiopia, reversing tho usual order of march. Another plaguo rage ! in the Greek Islands, Egypt and Syria in 187 B. C., and destroyed 2,000 persons a day. As wo advance along tho centuries of tho Christian era wo lind numerous records of plagues and pestilences At ltome in \ 0 there was a " most awful plagu?;" 10,000 personsperishedevery day. Similar epidemics ravaged the empire in,tha years 167, H9 and 189. From 250 to 260 there were awful podilences. For some time 5,000 per sons died daily in Homo alone, ana whole towns In tho empire wero de populated. In Brituin in 430 a plaguo swept away such multitudes that "the living wero hardly sulllcient to bury tho dead." A long-continued an 1 dreadful plaguo bogan in Europe in 558, and subsequently extended all over Asia and what was then known of Africa. During tho years 746-749 Constantinople lost 200,000 of its popu lation, and tho pestilence devastated Calabria, Sicily and G, ceca At Chi chester, England, in 772, 31,000 people diod, and in 934 Scotland lost 40,000 people. There was a plague in Lon don in 962, and g o it mortality from tho same causo In 1094. r Ireland was sorely visited in 1095; in 1172, when King Henry II. was forced to leave the country; in 1204, when a prodigious number perished, and in 1348-9. In 1111 tho plaguo in London extended to cattle, fowls aid other domestic ani mals. The "block death" ravaged Ttaly in 1340, and tho plague of 1348-9, general in Europe, was ono ofthe,mo3t memo rable on record. Its effects in Flor ence were described by lloccaccio in what will live as immortal literature. Britain and Ireland suffered terribly, and in London alone 200 persons were buried dai'y in Charter house yard. In London and Paris a dreadful mor tality prevailed in 1361-62, in 1867 and 1869. In Irelaqd there was pestilenoe in 1870, and a still worse One, called the fourth great plague, in 1388* In 1407 London lost 80,000 citizens. Another pestilence, Buperinduoed by famine, visited Ireland Jn 1466, when great numbers died, and Dublin was WaBted by plague in 1470. An " awful pesti lence" ravaged Oxford in 14tl, and thoughought England, in' 14781 a plague " destroyed more people tnan the continual wars of the fifffoen pre ceding years.' The 'fsweating ajpk ncHH' was very fatal m London in 1485, and in 1499-1500 the plague'-vtas so dreadful that Henry VII. wad his court tied to Calaisfbr safety: Thtfs wtatM ing sickness, which was fatathj hours, occurred m London in 1506 and again in 1517. an most of the towaa half the people dted, and Oxford was depopulated. InK 1622 tlftrasande died in Limerick. The, sweating sickness revisited England in 1528 and a^a'n in 1551. In IV08-4, 80,578 people perished of plague in London. Constantinople again lost 200,(00 people in 1611. In 1625 London lost 85,417 inhabitants. In 1682 Lyons lost 60,000. In 1856 400,000people .died, at Naples in nix months.' In' 1664 London's great plague to >k off 68,597 inhabitant; some say 100,000. One of the most awfnl plagues that ever raged prcvaile 1 in Syria in 1760. In 1778 80,0j0 inhabitants of Bossora, Persia, died of plague. In 1792 800, 000 persons died of plague in Egypt. In lTarbary 8,000 died dally, and in 1799 247,000 people perished at Fez, and epidemios ca'led plagues raged in various part* of the Kant in 1800,1840 and 1878; there were many deaths In Bogdad In 1876. There was an epi demic f*ivcr o(l gioat fatality at Gibral tar in 1828. Cholera was described by Garcia del fluento, a physician of Goa, Portugal, about 1560, though comparatively lit tle was known of it until thO present century. It became epidemic in Ben gal In 1817, an 1 gradually spread until it reach<m1 Russia In 1830 and Ger many In 18:11, currying off more than 900,000 persons in tho meantime. Aslat'o cholera first appeared in Eng land at Sunderland, October 26, 1881, and in North America at Qudbec, .Tune 8, 1832, and in York, Juno 22, 1782. It revisited tho United States In 1884, slightly in 1849, severely in 1855, and again in 1866-7. In 1848-9 58,291 people died of it in England and Wales, and in 1854 those countries lost 20,097 and Naples 10,000 persons. In 1865 50,000 people died of cholera at Constantinople As will be seen, the United States has been rel** tivoly free from pestilence and plague, and in no case has it suffered from epidemic* indigenous to ite soil. 1 1 ? low fever has at times been a terrible TWtor, and its awful effects la 1878 will not be forgotten. But In that sees, ss in every previous one, the con tagion was introduced from the West Indies. At- it* worst, however, yel low ferer nertsr approaches the plagues of the Old world in direful power. The largest number of deaths ever recorded in ttxe United States from this cause was 14,809, in 1878. Yellow fever first appeared in this country at Phila delphia in 1689, when it wrought great havoc. It has frequently appeared in vaHotte cities since, and in 1793 <nr ried off 'several thousand victims in Philadelphia. It scourged New York in 1761, Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., .in 1855, Wilmington, N. O., in 1862, Savannah in l&6.'and ?sporadic cases on shipboard and shore are of common "occurrence In the heated season, when persons como In conta t with the f;erms of the disease, transported from ts original birthjjl^ce.?Troy Time 3 '4 ?tl?al ace hiWiiU a chtl As we entered the Jail-yard lifty or sixty men swarme^out from the dark doorway whi6lVle<F\n^ their dens, all heavily clwinedi jkvvth long, coarse matted hair hanging in wisps, or standing on end round their death- ike faces, in iilthy rags, wjth emaciated forms caked with dirt and bearing maiksof the torture; and nearly all with soro eyes, swelled an 1 bleeding ?lips, skin disease and putrefying sores. Tneeo surrounded us closely, an I as, 'not without t^Ashttdder, I psissed thfrough them arid one of t lie:r dons, they pressed upon us, blocking out the light, uttering discordant cries, and Clamoring with ono voice, " kum-sha" ?that is, backsheesh ; looking more like demons than living men, as abjict and depraved as crime, despair and cryelty can make them- Within the blackness,; the 01th,- the yormin, the stench, overpowering oven in the cool air?the rubbish of rags and potsherds cannot be described. litre, in semi-starvation and misery, with nameless cruelties practiced upon them without restraint, festering in one depraved ma s, are the tried and untried, the condemned, the guilty and lnnocent( ?); the murderer and pirato; .the debtor and petty thief, all huddled together, without hope of exit, except to the adjacent judgment-seat, with Its horrors of '?thequestion by torture/' or to "the field of blood" not far away. On earth can there be seen a spectacle more hideous than that of these abject wretches, with tho'r heavy fetters eating into the flesh of their necks and ankles (If on their wasted skeletons, covered with vermin and running sores, there is any flesh loft '), their thick, matted, bristly black hair ?contrasting wit.i the shaven heads of the free?the long, broken claws on thoir Angers and toes, the hungry look i in their ema?iated f.ices, and the'r cla'r.erous cry, kum-sha! kum-sha I They thronged around us clattering their chains, ono man saying that they had so little rice they ha I to "drink the foul water to fill themselves;" another shrieked, " Would I w re in your prison in Hong-Kong," and this was chorused by many voices say ng, "In your prison in Hong-Kong they have fish and vegetables, and m? re rice than they can eat, and baths, and beds to sleep on; good, good is t!.e prison of your queen !" but n'ghor swelled the cry of kum-sha; and as wo could not give alms to several hundreds we eluded them, though with ditlieulty; and, as wo squee/eJ through the nar row door, execrations followed us; and high above the heavy ciang of the fet ters and tho genoral din roso the cry, " Foreign Devils," (Fan-Kwai), as wo passed out. Into sunshine and liberty, and the kty was turned upon them and their misery.?Isabella Bird. How Edward Everolt was Snowballed. While Edward Everett was president of Harvard a distinguished English man viBltod this country, bringing with him lottors of introduction to our leading men, among them ono to Edward Everett, president of Harvard college. On delivering tho l?tter the Englishman expressed a strong dosire to visit Harvard college, to which Mr. Everett cordially absented. It was in the wlntejr, season. The distinguished visitor was stepping at the Tremont, then the flr*fcj hotel in tho country. President Everett drovo in from WatertoWn itt a sleigh. Tho night previous there had been a Bovere snow storm, and the town team3 had turnfed out to break tho highways, leaving, as usual then, great banks on either rotui sidb. Mr."Everett was not an accom plished whip, and somewhero in CambrWtfeport tho sleigh turned overand damped tho two into tLf. . deep drift of snow. It occurred1' Just opposite a school house ana during the hour of recess. The emancipated youths, seeing t*? tWd flbirad?rlng helplessly, proceed to pelt?tl)em mercilessly with snc balls, AfooVnphnying tho same with ej, ?thets moreexpressive than refined Everett was extremely mortified, thinking his English guest would have a.low,,Idea of the mannors of Now England schoolboys. A fow wooks raster, the annual examination of this school took, placo; Mr. Everett, as predict <6f tho collego, was called .upon to. address the graduating class. Themeiifbere had passed a good exam vinatioh and .deported themselves. In Closing his address Mr. Everett said: '"YViuttg* gentlemen, you havo dono well, but l am pained to say thatthero are cither things learned in Now Eng land beside those which apply to thorough scholarship;" and thon ho /blsted the' Incident of the snow ? ba'lirvir. Tho young gentlomen, most Wnom^rtfterward entered Harvard, many of whom are now living, never forgot the quiet rebuke,?Jlonton Trav eler. How to Make a flood Country Softool. Elect nono but live, oducated men directors. Havo good Bchoolhouaos, neatly built and well ventilatod, and thor oughly supplied with good furniture and apparatus. Have the Bohool year commence the first Monday In September, and con tinue, with the holiday vacation till the llrst of May. following. ? Kmploy nono but trained teachers, or those qualified to load, rather than mislead the young. I total n the aame teacher throughout the school year. Pavsald teachor enough to onablo him to live and havo a little money to spend for fitting himself Tor higher usefulness In his calling. Don't employ a teachor 1 euausto ho underbids some ono else, for in ninotj nine out of a hifndrod cases ho Is worth lets. Cheap teaohers, like cheap jew-, elry, are not made of good material/ Avoid them. Le^parents, officials and other* visit] the schools frequently, not to find, fault, but to encourago l>oth teacher and pupil. Don't be afraid that your schools are coating too much. You? children, parents, are more valuable than your horses and cattle, the theory of many sohool patrons to the contrary not withstanding,?good Ttmjplau Jl I l' ? .11 - . ? POPULAR SCIENCE. Gelle relates the history of a woman who suffered from deafness and infra* arbital neuralgia oo the right side for fifteen days. The symptoms were re lieved by the extraction of a carious tooth. Contrary to the statement in the lost edition of the " United Stages Dispensa tory," that " the drops from a full bot tle should be less than from ouc more or less emptied," Professor C. F. Illmes, of Carlisle, l'enn., has experi mentally demonstrated?what any body can ilnd out for himself in a few n inutes?that drop3 diminish in slzo j as the bottle is oirptiod. Major Witte, Bays the " Journal" of the Franklin institute, has provided tho steam tiro ongiuos of tho city of lierlin with pipes tor the dis Inrge of eomprcssLHl c:ubonlc a:id into the steam chamber. When tin cng'ne Btarts frp u tho station tho boiler Is heated; op,'awtfvin,* it tho firo tho j carbonic a idj^t l r t employed as a motor, tho.) the gai and sua n woik together, and linally steam ! lono is used. Jiy this arrangement the engine I is brought into action four or livo | minutes-Bo nor than would bo othor wise possible. Kecent observation; iiavo proven | thatnmehof tho light from stars Is j lost In' passing through the earth's lowo.- atmosphere, as it is found that ?tho stars appear brigh'o.- when seen from tho summits of lofty mountains than when surveyed fro n lower levels, and as a consequence ma-iy mor.i of them are vi iblo from tho e'evated stati- n<. In connect on with a pro ject for a now French observatory on tho l ie du Midi, General do Nansoutj reports that from tho prop s d site of t ho buiiding 111 teen or >ixteen pieiados aro visible to tho nuked eye, while the st irs shine so brilliantly that it is easy to rv-ail by tho r 1 ght a'.one. Experiments made fome t'.mo ago by Professor J)or<*mus have shown that gas will readily pass through stone. A block of brown sandstone, twelve by tlfteen inches long and four cr live inches thi> k, was used. A pipo was clamp.h1 on to the stone by means of iron plato.?, an.l t is j ipo connected by means of liexib'.o tubos with tho gas pipes. The remainder of tho stoue was painted over several thicknesses with varnish. Oppo ito to the. point whero the gas was applied thv re wjis another pipe for tho gas to escape from. In a fow minutes a lighted paper applied to it caused a (lame to appear, showing that tho gas had passed through the stone. WORDS OF wis now. A liu-siun proverb s-nys: "Th? do?il lies hidden where the wate.' is stillest." C'omp .rlson, more than rea'ity makes men lmppy, and can make them wretched. let frhnlship creep g ntly t> n h ight; if it rush to it, it may scon run itself out of brvath. Tho only sound and lualtliy descrip tion of assisting is that which tea hoi indep-nden o and self-exertion. '1 hero is no trait more valuable than a determination to persevero when tho light thing is to bj a"cornplished^ A work prospers through ondo.iv ors not through vows. Tho fuwn runs not ii.to tho mouth of a sleeping lion. Opposition is what wo want and must have, to bo pood for anything Hard hip is the native soil of man hood and self rolianco. Many are ambitious of saying grand things?th^t Is, of buing grandilo quent. 1 To nienco is'peaking out, n quality fow esteem and fewer aim at. C)lfM'.wc)ler? or Arizona. A letter from WInstow, Arizona, re late i remarkable di covories of evi dene s oi' eli f-dwellor?in a canon at a little station name 1 Co: n n ?, as fol lows : An h ur'.-i walk fCon? the Nation and wo stand upon, t .e Irin; of a ?hnstD so deep that iho eye can hardly so ? its bottom. Aitual measure.n< nt make.' it 2,000 feet deep. The width varies >r an 200 feet at tho bottom to l,-r>0? fo^AI?'tho t p. Tho sides arc s lid lock,-'but in hiyers of perhaps thirty feet in d pth,each layer having a | r ? jectiog or sl.o'.ving edgo extending irbin si* to t^verify feet. It is under the shelving work that the clitr-dwell ers built th:ir nhod* s. Si mo wise men say tint tl e projections aro ex cavations for the purposes < f I uilding, ma<lo by the? sam^ cMfr-dwellerp, but to my ii lod tho work is tro vast t ? ad mt of such a thoory. On tho oppo-ite side from where tyo stood we countod ,seven tiers of these dwellings. It is i notable that nono are lower than 200 feet from the lottom. The can m is ?irregular in Its forma'.ion, but. from our standpoint, wo could count more than 200 of the.46 dwellings, and there --can be no doubt that this was a city ol W* |h??(?pd ^habitant** To what ago of the world this ractf bolonged, or the chniract6* ard nature of tfio people whd built thore cities, neither history nor tradition givei a trace. AVe made a perilous fdeM^ V.'si'.ing several tiefa'dr^tHeio WowSV*Thfe front and side walla are or solid masonry, and in astato of gocd preservation. Doors, three feat by eighteen inches, atl 1 re main, showlrtg that these houses were for the accommodation of a ve y email raco. The opening wai small, tliat it could ho quickly elosed by its inmates aga'nst tho invading enomy. I - '' ? mt The Coy Trout The tickle nature of the trout's ap petite is well resognized by all angler?. Two well known sportsmen of Ithaca, N. Y., were casting (lies for trout m n stream, They had trlod overy variety of flies wlthotitsucces?, although many fine fish weroseeh swimming near the surface. Suddenly, as one of the two gavehhline a smart fling, a teeter snlpo Mltted AcMss'the stream Justin time to havo tho hook strike its body and detaoh a small feather. No sooner had the hook, with the snipe feather at tached, reached the water than it was seized by a flnft trout. This fidi, with flvo others, wm quickly landed, when tho snipe's feather became detai^d and wa* lost. Tlien the sport was at ?? ? '?? ? V> ?? A Hingnlsr Superstition. Majty years ago four negroes wore hung on tlfo niclim?md piko, about two miles from town, says tho Lexing* ton (Ky.) Trang'rlpt. Tho ovideneo en which thsy hjnl been cenvi to I was circumstantial, and just Iwfoto they were sw ung off each one of them pro tested his Innocence, and further snid that the people would Sod sign* In the sun that they tfere rinnt>cent. The next morning an 1 tho two fo lowing the sun arose as usual, but where It* ravs shone through a do of, window or othefr opening and fell on the floor, they had a strong bluish cast, as if in digo wat<r had been poured on the floor. This, to a great u any super stitious persons of that dav. wa< proof as true at holy writ tliat the four no groes were not guilty. A thunderstorm is u h'ah-ton?d af Uku?Dmicki v ^ rOR THE FAIB BEX. 8?t?? Nicrlc* ?r N.te* W*w?a. in IkWO 1*'Uf8 o->n^nded for precedence court of Charles V. They ai> pealed to the monarch, who, Hk? Solo Urst. buch a dispute was never known afterward. ?m Kracos of Sarah Sifm? y */arlb?rough, was a pro digious abundance of tine hair. One 1 nl ^ 5?% 10 an8er l?er heroic inH Vk CUJ,off ber coulI?andlng tresses and threw tliern In his face. Xollekins, the sculptor, was a para gon of parsimony. In ??, own lK candles were never lighted at the com mencement.of the evening, and when ever he and his wife heard a knock at the door, they would wait until they heard a second rap before th< y lit the candles, lest the fir. t should have been Se'Zr" anUthCir canoes should xJVil!en,the tPrlDce8s Charlotte, of Me klenburg-Strelitx, came over to be marr.ed to Ceorge III., she was ton days at sea. but kept gay the who'e JST* T,K V ' harpsichord, and lift the cabin do r open. When she first ( aught sight of St. .lames' nalurn mLtUrn*!! Tll? ',UC|"MS <>' ?I?m? said t t r'* "M-v "?"r <l?che8? said ho princess, "you .nay lauiti, \ ou have been married twice, but it is no joke to mo." 1C While Frederick Morel, the great scholar and ominent printer, was em ployed on his edition of "Labanius" one day, ho was told that his wife was suddenly taaen ill. ?? 1 have only ^ hm T Ml'nlences ty translate, and thin I will come and look at her " A ^d in^i in forme l him that she ?as axing. I have onlv two words to writ ?, and Illle there .us soon as you, replied the philosopher. At uZ ??" ,0'" tll? ''?? ?ifo was I * a,n V( ry sorrv for it in d' ed. said he, going on with his work she was a very honest woman.*' The marriage of Kacine was an act penanco neither love nor interest ha any share in the union. lifs w ?? him",1. 0rt ,of *<">?">? Irat p-r .mi if lnost insensible of her sex w lrl i t'' n ?\fc I)r?!>or person in the KloJv andVr1 y thp *>nw8iwn ()f 'itorarv glory and the niomontarvexultation of literary vanity, it is scarcely credTble but most c( rtainly true, sin I her own seen'acted n'0 f>Wt' ,,ul" she had n?ver f acted, nor ever read, n?>r desired hm-r<i i '-trag0(ll('s wh ch render, d hoi hushnno s > celebrated throughout their''titled!'1' hll(> ?n,y h'arned some of ineir titles in conversation. Maria and KH/aVth dunning who appear.d at the rourt of CJeorge ill othe'r itninT ei?ht<'en 1111,1 the loss LhV ,,n~WOr'' tww I)or ion loss giiiS ( \ surpa.ssinr beau v. -Thev hnm'a !'" Wr,t(>H ^Pole "to bo the W(,,"en aliv(>- Tl,('-V can't walk in the parn, or go to Vauxhall but such crowds fo low them that they are generally driven away." (>" '12 they w( nt to see Hampton court. As they were go ng into the Heautv room another e< mpany arrived. Th 'houso keep.r said : -This way. ladies; here ar t dualities." The (Junnings flow .mint Pa .T'1, i'n,I/Wke-1 ll(>r "hat she meant. 1 h.v went to see the palace selves!'* Tl ' 'Sll?Wn iM n si?ht Hi i ?l,|e younger of the fair sis ters became the Duchess of II .inilton ? the other became Lady Coventry. . ''n*lilnn Notes. D'csse.j composed of the new, very "f V?taw:,nn.i w til 's I " ?"'Wn?'l.n "lull, are n ?w shown for watering-place wear. Thev con.pr so drmer\ n ',,r#fc 'kirt ??<?'?i.lesash ?I ? ru i >r ,Ui de wh,,11*v of 1,10 R ill'Oi, drc'S8tiS are w',rn. not over ?miBP i "S s ll8Mnl' but over flounced hi^^ivT,,H ?f thn 8h "or('8t '"""Hn. t ?ls gi\,ng a i uncommonly light and airy app arance to the to let Thev are as pretty and as cli.c as they are perishable. } ?ip|?ers and sandals for full dress K wh.to Danish kid. with white 'seta on the iustej), into which uro set small buckles of iciiln.-p,-bble' tl e^n8. ",l0;8' with Htraps acro-s US arn nT' "m * f?r d??'?-to;iet, V arova ? OI?? of I,r?nzo kid in !;' "8 sty[c- and newer than either ? Italian shoes, with revers lined I sr f )Hili irn' rl?1,t colors, the shoe itself being of bh? k satin. Sometimes \he| revers cross the front of the shoe and inns . with a bow of ribbon the o.jIoi of the gay lining." tripHtht T18!eV,ves aro l't>c?niing eccen w til nut inll?i teS ar" "ot -^'Slied sT. l.Inr ?m V,Ty ?n th? siiou dor, but ev. n those who are usually chary of running into ex tremea are setting ^tilT muslin puffs under the t ,p of the sleeves liniig to make thi- ^ sleeve fuller and higher This padding with the leg o'-mutton sleeve Is merely a r vival. Sleeves were padded to make the shoulders look jjjgh and wide when floorge ill. was anCf' an('swansdown puffs were flolfl at a few sliillieip n |)n|r *0 tho Shoulders to look h'gher. Remarkable Faculty. J. J. Allen has a widtspr. a I reputa tion, being no other than the famous " hat-keeper"' of the Lindell hotel, St. Louis. For tho w nderful faculty of recognizing tho proper owners of hats as they onterod and left the dining room a medal was pro entrd him as I boing tho "premium hat man in Amer ica." " I was for years tho wondering gaze of tho ignorant," mid he, in a private conversation. "I nover made | atnhtako if I had once seen tho hat ? on tho man's h ad. f connected the two instantly, and tho picture would no | a<H out of iny mind, however many such might be there." ?? Did it require no practice?" " Not any; I could always doit. In fac", I could not help it. It n ndo mo famous, and I have boon spoken of In Eurono, Asia a id in parts of Africa.' " How many hats did you ever have Jn your mind at once?" "Thohighest I over went was 703. and I m ado no mistake." "Iiow do you acc >unt for this power ? ' " I haVo a sort of second sight. I do not like to bo callo I a fortune-teller. I am not. Still, I can tell fortunes." ?CMctyo News. mm I I Wonderful 0.ier* Ion. I Tho London Lancet reports a won derful surgh al operation. For Home reason it was necessary to remove the whole upper half of the bleeps from tho arm of a woman. Into tho cavity which was lelt the surgeon promptly Introduced a large fragment of the t)i(ejis from the leg of a dog. The cut sur.'aces were carefully brought together with sutures, i s littlo injury as possiblo b<ing dono to tho parts. Tho transplanted muscle was much more voliunin us thah the original jiortlon, and was long after tho op< ra1 tion distinctly pfrceptlblo to the touch. F.le 'trio experiments Instituted about throe months after tho oporatk n showed that tho biceps tea ted perfectly naturallv to both kinds of current. Tho high point of stimulation situated at the place o? section of the murculo .e.utwnoous nerve was, however, absent. The movements ot' the' o:bow-Joint w<.r? almust nor-nab J. O. ROLUNQB, um roa Stationary ail Pertatils Steam Entitle!. Brown Cotton Gins Wlnnahlp Cotton Cln With Fee dm and Condenser a Taxjkjt & Bona K soma's, Numiofl K^qiku, Bumiu & Wood lisin^ Bom OoTrox Pun, Bcbotibld Gottok Paass, PlNDLXY OOTTOJT PlW, Oosjf AND WmbAT Mh.LJ, &AW MlIJJJ, BHArriKO AKB PVLLKTS, And all kinds of maokinery. Do sure to call and see my prioes before purohisiug any kind of machinery. J. 0. BOLLINOS, (Umbkk. H. 0. Wngon?ondTJuggie? ETC, The undersigned respectfully oalls atten tion to the Urge atook or 1. a, 3 and 4 horse tvftgoua, single and doable buggies, open ami :op buggies, wagon and buggy harneea, etc., wbtob he now baa on hand, and whioh ho in selling at living priooa?ao low aa to eneute largo aalea. Handling the heavy atook I do, i I oan afford to aell at a small profit REPAIRING la all its branohes promptly and satisfactory ! executed by oompetent workmen, HORSE SHOEING A apeolalty. Qivemeaoall. M. A. METT8. sep7-lyr OltD 11853) ESTABLISHED Charleston Ice-House, | ALVA, GAGE & CO., Market, cor. ChuroU St., Charleston, S. C. ' importers and Sblnpom, Wholesalo and Retail ' ''o&lera in ICE. Ice packed for the oountry a specialty, loo by tho oar-load at spooial rates. Waverly House, l OaABLEHTON, 8. 0, GEORGE T. ALFOHD, ? ? ? ? Manager Rates $2 and $2.50 por Day. Tbla farorito Family Hon no, under its new ' managomont, is rootxnmoudod for tho exool lonoo of iiscuirttne and homo-like comfort*. Ita airy and well ventilated rooms hftvoiimt boon uewly oarpetod and elegantly fnmlahod. w. m. osini. *. a. own. OHAFBB A O'BRIEN, Wholesale Qrooari *00 Eaat Bay Bt, Charleston, t* C. Agpafe for ?atom's Trwalota Tr?tec Orasfc ?rs. sag lt-Iy WDLBERN k PIEPER, Wholesale Grooers And Dealers ia Provisions, Liquors, Tobacco Ac. ft antt imp MART BA F, *ag 1>-17 OHARIJCBTON, 8. O DR. T. BERWICK LEG ARE, DENTIST, Graduate of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. OFFICK-DKKALB IIO INK. Entraneo on Broad Stroot. NEW ARBIYALJI W. C. G E R A L D ' 8 OLD CORNER ITORI. I to** Jmrt> v*hu*?4 from m*rktt, fWn | Pnreh*ee2|B bsar^.tock of all Kinds or Good K} **????' ?w?? prioM, tod I fctaad * T* ?* bMMflt Of MT loW pi lood parohasea. My stock oonaistaof Fall and Winter Dry Goods* Notions, Hosiery, Jto. Th? best make and latest styles of Boots and Shoes. Clotllnt, Hats, &c. GROCERIES t In Groceries I hare as fine a atook aa oan be seen in town. HARD WARE! For Plantation, On don and Household nae. Full line ot Saddlery and Harness. In fao^ I have got almost anything you oan call for, ?nd am dutermlned to ssll CHEAP FOR CASH. Call before you btiy elsewhere. Bagging and Tics always on hand. Uipheet pricos paid for Cotton In oaaii. W. O. GERALD, A? tt?* Old Corner titoro. Remodeled and Newlf Ftirnislieii, LATHAM HOUSE, OAMDEN, S. C. Transient Board $2.00 Per Day. Ample accommodations. Table* auppli* with the best the market affords. Every ad tent'.on paid to the oomfort of gueaU. Counccted with the Honee Is a flrst-olasa HAR, whioh is orderly kopt. Hack to and from the dopot. Far* 25 oenta caoh way. Feed and Llvory Stable on premises. S. B. LATHAM, l^opwwrom. W. CLYBURN, General Insurance Agent And Cotton Buyer. Removed to his old eta id at Olybnrn's Block Will pay tho hlghebt price for Oolton and bu. tnnro freoly than ever before. trr ai o a cal freoly than ever before. My oountry frisnds will please in** ;al'. sn*17-tf. PRICES REDUCED. ROBERT D. WHITE, MARBLE i GRANITE WORKS. PLANS FURNISHED. Mooting Btroo';, oorr. Florllwck's Alloy nuglH-yl. CHAULHBTpN. S. 0. A- R. THOIVTLINSON Manufacturer of HAR1TB83, of Evory Description, SADDLER, BRIDLES, Bta MoC. SADDLES, NEW AND OLD. -j Importor of English gftddlca, Steel Bits, Bpurtt.MtirrnpH, Etc Faotory and salesroom 137 Mooting St., Bept 1-ly. CHARLFRTON, 8. a ]y?ETAIA IRON, RAQ6, 10PE, COTTON HIDES, SKINS, WOODWAX, FUBfl ALD KINDS OF rAFER STOCK, &?. Kf Wo aro paying tho nighost Cash Prices MOOES GOLDSMITH A SONS, angl8-l*. P. O. Do* 1">* FOUNDRY, 60x911 Feet. MACHINE SIIOP, 50x250 Foot DOILER SHOP, *0x130 Feel] GEORGE JEl. LOMBARD & OoJ Foundry, Machine and Boiler Works, -fifc-imsrixas-fceb, - <G*-^or!>??!.?.J BUILDERS OF Engine* and Boilers, Raw Mills, Qrlst Mills, and all kinds of Mill asaefcrl nery of the late.t lmpiovod atyles. Shafting, Hangors, Pulley*, Ooarlng and Joarnal Box**, f Wo havo a largo asaorlment of Pattern*, Sugar Rollori) and Gin Gearing. DEALERS IN Engine and Mill Sappho*, C'lrotiUr Haws, Files, Oummorn, Swages, Olol Olicok and Safoty Yalroa, Whistles, Oangos, K ?invPipn and Fittings. Rabbet metal from to iO contt?. Rolling, Lnolng, Rubber, Ilomr, Koipstono and Asbostos Packing, Oil, and Onps, Wronchot, R?#\uty Wheels, oto. ' AGENTS FOR K?Lpifl Daubla Turbine Whc<l, Korting's Universal Injootorr, the beef | made. Rradfmd Mill Co'a. Portablo Mills. Nordyko <fc Marnion Oo.'s Plantation Oorn tH | Poed Mills, Atlas Engl no Works and Erlo City Iron Works, Portablo and Stationery Engine*. Kunklo'd Pop Safety Valros. Cloud Oreok Mill Rooks. 49" Iron and Brass Castings, and all kinds of Ropa'ra promptly done. We oast erery day. and are working about one hundred hands a GONGAREE IRON WORKS, COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA* 1M lM<u V K I) CIRCULAR SAW MILLS. BIMPLE, CURAT AND DURUILR, We *?* the oelebrated Friction Food on all oiu H kw M lis. W? one the ??If] Mat material in their oonstrno'ioD, anlf-ptre neither labor nor expenee to ier themaa near perfeot m possible. We warrant all onr work to be well ( ?nd of good material. We would like if yon wonl.l compare the following fl| with thoM of other manntaotnrera and aee if we do not leil yon a better and ' lew Mill.at mum figure*: PBIORB. Mo. 1 Mill, with 86 fnehe*,Saw, 16 feet onrrlage fS71. ?? 1 ?? " 88 ?? 18 " *85 "| ?? ? 40 " 20 " 800 ?a ?? " 84 " 20 " 825 ?? 8 " M 46 " 20 ? 8B0, "I ?? ?? 48 M 54 " 876 "4 ?? ? 60 " 24 '? 400 ??4 ?? ?? 62 " 24 " A28 Extra Carriage, $8.00 por frot. The aboT* mills o<?n>i<b to t > main belt. Deol It JOHN Al#F.X VNDF.R. PronrietO WILSON, GHILDS ft CO., PHILADELPHIA WAGON WORK" rmxiAO LriiiA pa.. ?; <?/_> Q H 2 IttVOfAOTtmUl OV ILL XflfM OV PlantatioA, Oity, Fttiglit, BusteMi, B?p?H SPRING WAGONS, TUUOKS, DRATB.OAATB, TlMMMU WaXitfUS A.K J J WHEKfcHi ? ff$