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FARM, 6AB1HSN AND HOUSEHOLD. Liming meadows or old past urn lands with say thirty bushels to tho ?ere, ha* an effect upon the condition of the crop of gro>? that few farmers would believe .wlUtout giving it a trial. In faot we do not know bow the same amount of money can be expended upon land with the same profit. It la not only certain but lasting. We have known farmers to pasture meadows flfty veare without being turned up by the simple application of lime once in six to ten years. These pastures, which are regarded as permanent* and mostly abound in clay molds, after being grazed down thoroughly are re stored almost knee-deep in from A /e to six weeks. We do not hesitate to; say that nowhere has lime a more marked effecl and can be used with better results than in the renovation pf j old pastures.?Germantotcn Telegraph. <?karc?nl a Fo*4. Whatever increase the power of lay*, Ing on fat oY promoting the rapid and I healthy production of flesh must be food or equivalent thereto. This pure charcoal does most effectually, as re cently proved by taking the live weights of two lots of sheep, and (simply separating them by an ordinary net, the artificial foo l, corn and cako being carefully wt lulled out to each lot mike daily, oao p'nt of charcoal being added to cne lot only. When re weighed prior to selling to the butcher, the increase in weight was in favor of charcoal by 10? per cent. Sanitation causes easy, and complete digestion, and Assimilation only can account for these results, which charcoal alone accomplish. The charcoal should be given mixed with the /ood, except in urgent cases, when- it may be mixed in water of thin gruel, and given as a drench^ The dose is one pint to every twentyfive - head of sheep or lambs, one-quarter pint per head for full grown cattle, horses or pigs; half the -quantity for young cattle, and twfr spoonfuls to ohe dessertspoonful for young calves, daily, when suffering from dlseaso or in ill condition. To keep in good health and fortify againtt .disease; the dose should be given two or three times per wepk according to the class of food they ate having and the state of the atmosphere. The be>tp'an Is to wet a quantity of bran, pollard or malt combined t mix the chardoal among it, and then among the food you give . them. For rapid and healthy fatting of cattle it should be used daily among their focd. Charcoal for Internal and medicinal purposes must l>e pure veg etable" charcoal, free from all irritating and Injurious toreign matter. The charcoal, when coming into the -usot's possession, must be kept perfoctly dry and, fr^e ,from any ill smelling sur roundings, such as the vapors of a sta ble or artificial manures, etc., of it will absorb them, and thus become septic, and of no medlcinnl value. It is bet ter kept in a closed bln_Ortin canister with a closely fittingjfliver.?Farm and Home. PHllry Nolr*. 1, Poultry need protection and shado from the hot summer sun, and if de lved of it they will, of course, en but It will bo an injury to them, . j'Svill show itself by tho decrease in the number of eggs. Itt2. Poultry cannot be kept to ad itafce unless they have a properly anged house for their accommoda tion.' This is just as necessary to their well-being as it is that horses and cat tle have a good stablo. T 8. Egg shells should alway? be crushed before feeding them to the fowls, for when fed whole it is apt to teaoh them the bad habit of eating their eggs. 4, It woUld be found better both for the producer and consumer of eggs to sell by weight rather than numbej, for as the market is to-day small eggs sell for the same price as nice large ones do. 5. Charred corn Is an excellent food for laying hens and serves to keep them healthy and vigorous. Do not feed entirely, but glvo once a day, and l>e careful In preparing It or it will burn to ashes. 0. Peed should ho given regularly and in suoh quantlrs that none will bo left on the ground but will all be cleaned up by the fowls, and should consist of a soft feed in the morning and whole grain of some kind in the I evening. . ? , 7. Plenty of Water Bhpuld be given , - - .?-- ? ?r?'- "v b"'?? fresh at least once a day at all times of the year. 8, In selecting a cock the following desirablo. That he should ! . _ 4 size with broad head and kg lege and wings, carry a high head, orow often and loud, not loud so much lis strong and shrill, have a large red comb and soratoh vigorously, con stantly calling, his mates to eat some ' thing he has found and is qulok in de fending them. 9? when fowls are confined, their yard should always contain a grass plot with fruit trees for shade, plenty of grav41t and considerable quantity of AMced lime when orushed egg or oyster shells cannot be obtained, a dunt "Mtti of dry wood ashes, and it would, be well to dig up (or plow, If large j enough) part of the yard so the hens canjiave a place to sciatoh .and find ?-4% worm?. 'I% ;W?' ~ ; ' j 10. Periods of Inoubatlon are as fol lows Coinmon hen 19 to 21 days; irn^ 26 days; turkey 27 to 28 days; 128 to 29 days; pea hen 27 to 29 U guinea hen 25 to 26 days, t of the eggs I have hatched this ,_i from common hens were hatohed . nineteen days, though in some cases they ovrrun twenty-one days.?//, B. Waldo. . '?t, ?? ^ d<>anut X^k.?One quart sweetj three eggs, one tablespoon of r, one-halt oup of sugar and one ,(rated cocoanut, Orate notmcg , Aover top and bake In pie plates With' only An under crust. ''3 OnoootATfl Ioiko.?rut into an old plate eight on m m of granulated ? ^Jwiar, .two ouncea of grated chocolate, and abuut seven tablespoons of cold wat?r; set it in the oveh or on tho 'stove, stir till it is like thick orearo.' Tfse at once { it will liarden as it oools* Tomatoes.- -Take twelve ripe to , matoes, cut the tops oit for a oover,: take out the inside*, ana mix with six x)a crackers, rolkd line; mix in but' Mf, pepper and salt; cot the toinatcei in* deep earthen dish and fill with the cracker*, put a cover on each and bake in oven* :^; i \ - |l Fkiko K<<o Plant reel egg plants, slice thin, sprinkle a little salt ovet them, and let stand half an honrj wipe slices dry, dip them into beater egg, then into grated cracker; them a light brown in boiling; h season with peeper while cooking. less ^pensive way is to sprinkle the eg| plant with salt, flour and pepper, Orkkm Vkah.~ Shell one-half peok of green peas. Put boiling water to thetn, add one teaipoonful of iwpan and boil one* > one between your "irfssris W? i* Wv them in a deep disb, put to them one half cup of butter and a little pepper. Serve hot; email young potatoes, nicely ?craped, may be boiled and served with tbem or in a separate dish with a little batter over them. > Macaroni 'and Ouktwk.?Cook one half pound of macaroni in a pint of well-salted water until tender; grate one-half pound of cheeee while maca roni Is cooking; take ? pudding dish that will hold one quart, and place in the bottom a layer of macaroni, ^hen a layer of cheese, season with peppgr and salt; then another layer of maafroni, and so on uutll all is used up; over this pour one and a half oups of sweet milk; sprinkle over the top some stale breadcrumbe, plaoe in oven and bake a light brown. This may be eaten hot or cold, but ia better hot. rAC rs rou THE CURIOUS. Investigation has developed that the game of draw poker was invented somewhere about 184C or 1847, by Mr. Kirkman, of Tennessee, a turfman of some note. A Chinese encyclopedia, begun more than 100 years ago, and still unfinished, has already filled nearly 100,000 vol* ume?j, and will not be completed, pntil 00,000 more are writton. " J Vislto.s find in some of the old houses of Nentucket tall Dutch clocks, with hole.* in the cases where screws had boen taken out. This was done in order to banish wicked ornaments of brass or steel. The biggest of the big trees of Cali fornia must doff its r.luih'es to a mon arch of the Australian woods, if the ??sport is true that a symmetrical specimen of the Eucalyptus amygda lina 430 feet high was lately discov ered in Victoria. The tallest princess in the world is the crown princess of Denmark. She is six feet two inches high. She is very fond of dancing, but has often to forego the pleasure, because, being keenly sensible of ridicule, she does not wish to have an inadequate partner. Whenever n member of the English royal family is buried a foe for break ing the ground of ?250 is demanded by the dean and chaplain of "Windsor, although not an inch of ground is dis turbed. A stone is removed from St. George's chapel. This stone closes the passage of the royal vault, which is really a spaelous room. A traveler, while walking among the ruins of Caracalla's bathsin Rome, came near being killed by a stone dropped from a considerable height by a crow. He had ventured too near their nests, and they picked up stones in their talons, soared to a height of nearly 100 feet and let them drop. Some of the stones weighed a pound. Mrs; r Augusta Smith, of St. ?ouls, Mo;, is one of the lightest sleepedi in the State. She is awake twenty-two hours out of every day on the average, and when Bhe does slumber it is scarcely more than a doze, during which she is partially conscious of all that is going on around her. She is strong and healthy, with a good appetite, ana not partlcu-. larly nervous. It is very easy to distinguish a but terfly from a moth when the Insect is at rest. A butterfly always has its wings upright. The little skipper butterflies are tho only exception to this rule, and even those elevate the fore-wings. But the moth when it alights always puts its wings in a hor izontal position, folding the fore pair backward so that the hind wings aro almost concealed. . James W. Earl, of Reading, Penn., is the owner of a curious plant known as the ingatroe. He received it from Australia several years ago. It is now about three feet in height. The flower, when* fully open, resembles 'a "bottle brush In form, and has a rioh red color. When the sun sets its leaves -fold and, the ends of the twigs coll up, appar ently going to sleep. Thib'Vounger or m0rd tender leaves {dw^ys go to sleep first?; Wbeh remov^from^lie'iStiS which it matures the leaves begin to stand in all directions, and in a short time the plant is In a quiver. It gives out a sickening perfume. Battle Between a Raf and a Turtle. Hon. John B. Gamier* of Lawrence^ burg, Ind., has quite a curiosity in his garden. It is a pet turtle, of the hard shell kind. Its peculiarity consists in its ability to catch rats. Ever since nuisance to tho Inhabitants of Newton' Wnlcb is rfortunately located o'ti high ?;round. Mr. Okrnler ai\d family have requently noticed the pet turtle feast ing on tho ? Carcass of dead raw, and had wondered at this strange sight; but Vefeterday, as the gentleman was showing some friends through his beautiful garden of flowers, tbelr attefctlOtTwafl at tracted to the rustling of plants near by, accompanied by a scratching and caus^ o? u!^^i?turi?nci ft, what was in a fierce battle with rt" Targe rat. "ie turtle had toe**t by the side, and 1' jujMO" the sistintff scratching th#h\ _ . pzt, but wICTOut making an sion. It was squealing mo3t f id while the visitors were 1 astonishment the turtle C( eted its work of death, an over a corpse.?0\ tinr. *V s Anecdote of Commodorfc Vartderbllt. This anecdote la "told of this late Commodore Vanderbllt; At occasion, when of a hotel, a ? ladv apprc his acquaintance. arose and talk*' while his wife the air with s the young lady, as sumed his neat " don't yt that vulgar Mrs. as who used to sell poultry t6 us *?Lisrsiitr, 'susses ng oysters out of my boat*'' An homely reply was hoard T>y a group surrounding the family, there wa* no furthdr attempt at arlntoeriitle airs on the jpiart' of tne Indies d^rmg that sea on. '->> ?? * m \%m'i n in ' ' I All Accounted For. ^ j "1 underntand that the red on lie American barber-pole represents lie blood; the blue, Veins, and the W1 te' bandages/ ^Wnat do the stars represent PJr > V They represent," said the jifl man, as he sat up in the barber's eh ir, "what a iran sees when he gets hi* tooth pulled out by a barber, York Sun, . , A shopkeeper having had a stormy discussion With his better-half, put the shutters up and affixed the follow ing notice: "Closed during alterca tions.**" T ?colokb?co*hubutt. , _ ^ uniwiinrw vfc^jyr" ?"** ?*? Wuma? b. ""V sut<B troopa took fission of Newbern, N. C., in 1862, had a train of camp-followers, com of negro ? ?, women and chtl who had oft their homes to flocked Into the lihcs hoping to reach the "happy -hunting-grounds," where rations were given out and no work w*w required In return, it soon became necessary for the . officer In command to provide not only fool but shelter lor this following. Just opposite the town, across the river Trent, at Its junction with the Neuse, was a barren sandbank belonging to the Speight, Donnel and Shepherd families, on which, as abandoned lands, these ne groes were settled and material fur nished them to build houses for them, selves. At flrot they paid a small rent to the freedman's bureau; but when that became extinct no further rent was demanded of them, and each lot holder regarded his lot as his property absolutely As the population in creased these lots were bought and sold among themselves, and deeds for them given and register*! in due form. Under the name, first of Ilayti and afterward of James City, from James town in the isle of Hayti, a town grew up composed entirely of negroes, the first rudo shanties being, in some in otances, replaced by neat and eom fortab e dwellings. Two churches, one of large si/e, the other smaller, were bulit. and lately a neat school house erected, where two white wo men the only ones in the place, are teaching a minion school under the auspices of some Northern society. Tho town.fcubjectof course to the laws . ? uL ',8 governed entirely by the inhabitants according to their own Ideas of right. They e&t thdr ow? constable, and the sheriff of the county ot Craven appoints a deputy, who is ' mh^egro , Rt\d roxides in the place. I Their ruie is mostly patriarchal, the older and more intluenHal men form ing a committee whoso business it is r tll? lnterests of the town and settlo a'l vexed questions. In local matters there is no appeal from their de cisions. mirnl1Lth,ro? yeare a?? th?y lived un [)ut suddenly a trouble arose which their committee could not settle James A. Bryan, a resident of New bern, having married one of the Shep herd heirs and bought out the Interest or the others, commenced proceedings against the whole popul-.ition to eject them from their houses or force them to pay an enormous price for them. As yet he has not been able to recover a dollar, and it is doubtful wnether he can ever do so, as the James City com Ihn ?v e?P%ed the best legal l!2 ?y? IJew,bern. ??d the.'r lawyers a^e determined to light t'lroucrh everv court having Jurisdiction JZ? Z7. which will probably be finally clocided In the supreme court of the United States. When Mr. Bryan's first writ Of ejectment was served the sheriff of the county sent the papers over bv a negro deputy, who was met at the landing by tt deputation of the male . moral und physical strength that ?f?aCe- ^'i0 co?'ry him that if ho would wait till they could rffS? K)eir law>'er' William E. Clarke, who was then out of town he rn ght serve those papers if Mr* Clarke said so ; but that If he attempted to do bo then, or if Mr. Clarke objected tho men of the place would not per sonally resist tho law, but tho women would Immediately put him in the river and see that ho did not get to land again. The deputy attempted argument, and proposJd,^ Mr. c"arko was out of town, thr.t thoy consul? some other lawyer. No, they Sl^d William h. Clarke was their lawyer and tho only man they Intended to con sult or to trust. As there is no ap proach to the p.-ace from Newbern ex cept by boat or the railroad bridge over which a foot passenger only can' pass by stepping from tie to tie the deputy thought discretion tho better' H r' nn(1 returnod to tell the sheriff that "if he wanted them papers to l^r 0 mt d0 lt hlni8elf. ?s he Jack Ilussey, was not going to bo torn in piecas and then flung in tho rlyer bv tho James City women." Once a month a town meeting is held to collect money to pay tho lawyers when the city father? ns,e.? S householder what they think proper for him to pay. This assessment varies with the pecuniary situation of the payer, who is at liberty to show causo, if ho can, why it should bo lowered, but there is no appeal from decision of the committee. n0Sie m6n 0f atho place ar0 either fishermen, carters, stevedores or farm hands. Some hlro themselves to white farmers and some work their pwn land, whllo the women and children Pick peas and cotton, or live out as houso servants in Newbern, returning as a general rule, every night to theft homes. Some of them havo accumu lated considerable property. One of their leading men, JeJe jLok,? ha. since tho war paid tlO.OOJ irf cash for the Oaston plantation, just below James City, whfoh hb has stockod and is. npAv cultivating. It belonged ^rmSrlyM William Gaston, of tho North Carolina suprome court. Not being a part of James City this plantation is not included in tin con wSh T"' Por " '?"K tlme"?e Jacob Grimes was almost kinir of the place, but unfortunately Jacob, having I tied a rope roupd a barrol of molasses , ,W Newhern, thrownTt Into the river, and then towed it across to Jamos City, was convlctod of steal to ,,,n ?wniten When delegates are to be sent to any political corfVefttlon a meeting is called in the largest church, and the named of thfei CSftdldfttes are read out, after which tho chairman, calling them in order, says: " Mr. A., you will please rise and go to tho left a!de of the house. Kow, all of you a<* is in favor of sending Mr. A. to the convention go and stand by Mm." Mr. B. Is next ^ent to the right, and Mr. O. ortllod to the center, and their friends ordered to gather around them. Noses are then counted, and tho person having tho groatesfc numbor ranged beside them are pronounced nominated as delegates. There is no chance of cheating under this rule. 4 No white person Is allowed to hold property or do .business within the town limits, but Just outside may bo found tho inovltablo liquor dealer. An a gonoral rule tho inhabitants aroquiot and orderly among thomHolves, but the man who runs counter to tho sontl monts of tho community, whether White or black, "isn't allowed to open his mouth In dis place." The break Ing up of ihte H?ttlemont would bo a great imwottune, n^t only to tho In habitants but to the agricultural part of the community, as laborers are hi red hero for mllos around. During cot ton-picking season they go olT in ? gatigs," men, women and children, ffiose of the latter who are old enough lb pick cotton. The farmers engaging hem furnish shelter and rations, but hey take their own bedding and oook MV. '?/ _ ing utensils. During the fruit and vegetable picking season th*y return home every nifflxL and sojjiet Lines make as much as |2 a day. They also work in the canning, but not in the cotton, factory. r. ? .1 , . | ?? ? V I ' Laeqaer Hanafscta es of Japan. i Lacquered wares are not peculiar to Japan, as they are made in China; and the Japanese themselves assert that the industry wai originaly imported from Corea. The tree from which the vegetable extract that forms tho basis of lacquer is obtained (the llhus ver nlcifera) is found ouj the Asiatic con tinent, lut is said tp flourish best in Japan. The tree is dl jeclotis, and wax is extracted from its seed V as those of the Rhus succotanea. Tho Suality of tho lacquer depends In some egree on the nature of the soil in which the tree grovys. Incisions are made In the stem,Th$ ptiMftlKX&tPflN repeated every fourth day at success* ively higher part3 of the tree. The juice which oozes out Is scraped off by a tlat iron tool. "When tho troc has l>een thus tapped to tho topmost branches, it is lolled. The lop is cut Into lengths, which are tied into fag gots, and steeped in water for from ten to twenty dayj, after which the hark is pierced, and tho oozing lacquer Is collected in thotamo way as from the stem, v One or't&olplints-'besido the true cultivated 'lacqOef troei-also produce both lacquer and vegetable wax. Tho juice thus collected is ? tenacious fluid of a grayisli-brown color. It is allowel to stand and settle when first obtained. A kind of skin forms ovor the turf nee; tho better quality rise3 to tho top, and tho impuritios sink to tho bottom. It is thus easy to soparuto tho linest from the Inferior qualities, and tho former are Btralned through cotton or porous paper. By stirring in the open air tho lacquer partially dries, absorbs oxvgt n and gains a brilliant dark color. In tho fluid state It Is highly corrosive, and If a drop falls on tho tikin it. will produce a nore, often eating its way to the bone. There Is even said to bo a particular kind of fever caught in tho lacquer maaufavtorh s. Not, however, that any special buildings are used for the purpose of t'lis industry, which Doctor l>resser tells us is carried on in ordinary lious?s. The lac |uer workers kneel on tho usual matted floors, and the chief caro taken is to keep the apartments clean hnd free from dust. The lacquer is spread on tho sub stratum employed, which Is almost invariably wood, In coats ot succes sively increasing fineness;, ,the Ur?t coat usually being mixed with pow dered earth. Each coat when dry is rubbed down with a cutting stone. In an object int nded to bo of excel lent quality, as many a< eleven coats are thus laid on before the do oration is commenced. After tho appll atlon of the last coat the surfa e is ground down ? with lumps of hard charcoal, which aro kept wet, and tho dual polish is given by tho ashes of deer's horns. The pattern to he borne by the object is sketched in outline in lacquer upon fibrous e'astlc paver; the paper Is warrae I an.l fitted to the surface to bo decorated, an.l the pressure of tho hand Is enough to transfer in the put tern, after which tho paper Is re,novel. If the pattern is to ho in gold, the out line is then followed by a lino hair pencil, dipped in lacquer, which Is in tended to act as a s.'zo. When this has so far dried as to ho sticky, lino gold dust is shaken on it from a 8poop. The gold dust looks gray at: first, bht i'.s yellow color is brought out by bur nishing. In addition to golds dust, minute squares of gold of about tho thlcknesi of writing paper are pre pared and placed in their proper posi tions in the pattern hy means of a pointed stick. As an illustration of the almost inlinile minuteness of this kind of work, Dr. Dri sser describes a little medicine case, three and a quar ter inches long^ two 'rfnd a quarter inches wide, and seven-eighths of an Inch in greatest thi< kness, which Is decorated with lifty-nlno heads of flowers, each of which is half an inch in length and'thrtje-siateenths. of an inch in "width/ frri ea'h-eighth "6f an inch square of these flower hea Is aro about ono hundred and twenty dis tinct pieces of gold, making six hun dred tesseroo for cfkch h6ad, or ab?vo thirty-five thousand on the box, In addition to these flowers, the ltytlo heads of grass on the ease aro also tipped with tl)0little golden square^.? Edinburgh lievlcto. ' ?!? Congress. Of the seventy-six Senator*, thlrty flve had been members of the House before their election as senators, And three or four had been members ofiho Confederate Congress. Voorhe??, (fib- I son, Allison, Deck, Iloar, Lamar, Van Wyok and Pendleton had sorvod a pro bation of eight years ravh in the Ilou ;o before entering the Senate. Sawyer served ten yoars in the I louse j Pjyo land Morrill, twelve ea-h; Conger, j fourteen, and Dawes olghteen.: 'thirty j members of the Senato havo been elected more than on6e; Hansom, Wi)r rill and Sherman have been' elected three time) each; Kdmund* four tildes and Anthony Ave times. Anfhony has been longer in the Senato than'any man there, having had twentydive years .of ooptlnubus Jpejcvlc<> ':1m that body} * ^ThVeo iSenalbta . haVel soon longer congressional service than he, however; Sheriflafi and l>aVis having been twenty-six years in the House and Senate, and Morrill twonty-eight years. In the House, Kelley hat had twenty-two year*, Cox twenty-ono years, and Randall twenty years. In the next House there vMLbd u67 l<h > hav? Korvod In Congress before, 148 having been member* of the la t Hon o. Pour have been mrtnber* of the Senafce~?-JPryor, of Alabama, Uiuton, of CoftQecticu't,: j^jjnd, <jfj Wthoftt and Kellogg, or Louisiana' fftngietdn, of Mississippi, is the oldest member of the new House, having served In the thirty-third Congress,?jUoston Trar* el&r. 'OU '. ?? i ; '"i A ftangerpus (faste In Kaslmns. The story of the s'liccet^fdl carpet of the sneak-thief Charles Rogers (alias "Pine," No. 1,967 Hogiie* - Callery) contains Rome hints dh tlia dangers attending the American habit of doing business In too groat a hurry. It is the constant rush of / tile ? AmeMi-ftn system which makes it posaiblo for even the most expert irif fraaeals to perform such miracles of robbery as thostrallog of coupons from under tho noso of the man who was clipping them, or the carrying olT of a package of 180,000 I from a safe deposit vault iri open day. In London ana Paris it would not be | possible under their guarded and care ful manner of doing banking business, [ for strangers like this operator and his several "pals" to got near a Vault con taining valuables, or to approach for purposes of conversation a clerk fn charge of funds. The informality with which business is transacted in WSll street Is one of the things which at once Impress themselves upon the mind of a foreigner or one who Is familiar with foreign customs.--Nm \ York Tribiiw. FIB ABB PBCORimS. - The word ring Is derived from the Saxon and la that. language denoted a i trcleor circular line, bearing almost the same significance It does to-day. The practice of wearing finger and ear rings is a very anolent one. Both are mentioned in the earliest books of the Bible, and their use seems to have been very common. According to Hero dotus, they were popular ornaments | with the people of Babylon, and It is probable that frpm Asia tha custom of weailng them passed trito Greeco and J In this manner extended over the rest of Europe. ;They were also extensively worn in anqletyt Egypt rod aro fre quently found represented in the sculptures aud. montloned in tho hieroglyphic j,.. / i The Romans, who are said to have derived the use of rings from the Sa biues, wore them not plono for orna mont but for uso as signets. Only free Romans hnd the right to wear them, and in the earliest days of the republic they were but sparingly u<ed, but as tho peopl .? became corrupt and effeminate they woro moro and more of tlieso ornaments until their lingers woro crowded with thorn. Some of the dudes of those days even had dif ferent sets of rings for summer and winter. There havo been various explana tions of tho uso of tho ring in connec tion with marriage. One of these Is that as tho delivery of a signet ring by the owner to anotlnr person was an i indication of con (Id nee, so the giving of a ring by a husband to his wile was a sign of his trust in an I esteem for her. Another explanation is that the ring being a circle, without beginning or end, symbolizes eternity and con stancy, and that the left ban 1 was chosen to denote tho wife's subjection to her hus' and, and the third linger was solected because tho ring was then sup posed to press a vein which communi cated directly with th * heart. | i Tho gold used by manufacturing jewelers is obtained from brokers who purchase it in large quant.ties at the Cnited State3 assay ollice,. by which means they arc enabled to make about I one-third of one per cent. 1 y the opera tion. The gold is then in tho form of parallolograin-shapod bars weighing from 400 to 1)00 ponny weights, and is almost absolutely pure. When wanted for use it is placed under powerful rollers, which reduce it to a plate thin enough to be cut by lever shears. It ' is then placed in cruciblis and melted, and the alloy, consisting of silver and copper, 4s added, the proportions l.eing varied a 'cord ng to tho quality of gold dosired. In gold of eighteen carat fineness, for instance, there are eighteen parts of gold to six parts of alloy, while ' in fourteen carat gold, but fourte.n parts of gold is used to ten parts of alloy. The usual alloy is one-third silver and two-thirds copper, but these propor tions are changed to give a lighter or darker color to the compodtion. When the meta' is completely fused it is run into molds, from which it comes forth in tho shape of plate or wire ingots, the former being me A in tho manufac ture of seal and diamond rings whilo of the latter band and we lding rings aro made. Tho process of making plaih rings is very simple. Tho wir ? ingots are run between rollers, by whic'i they are reduce ! to tho requisite thicknefs and shape, that is, tlat half round and square. Then the wire is cut into different lengths, each pleio is bent into tho form of a ring, the ends aro soldered together, and the rings pass into tho hands of the polishers. The polishing is done with brushes com posed of stiff bristles and others of felt, and after this process Is completed the ring is ready for market. In tho manufacture of diamond and seal rings this prccess Is more complex, as there aro so mnny moro parts re quisite to their completeness and per fection. When a certain kind of ring is to be manufactured, the different parts of which it is composed, such as shanks, Kottings, stones, etc., are gotten out by tho foreman and given to tho jeweler who constructs the ring. It then goes to tile pOlishor; next to the engraver ; b ick again to the polishor. It is then ready for the setter, who in serts the stono or gems, and then for tho last time is returttcfd to the pol isher, at whose hands it receives its llnnl touches. The shanks and settings are cut out of the gold plate,bv means of steel dies, each pattern teqiuring a dioof its own, and the prepaffcth n of these dies is a work that i*iUi?ei great skill and an immense amount of labor, and new ones have con dantly'to bo made, as fashions cuarfge ih tings as we 1 as everything else,''nndhiahtifacturers are constantly looking out'for novel do I f %" ? ^ ";{ + 'li i- - vices. Manufacturers rtfe. subject to great loss yearly from the fdot that so much of the gold dust and filings l'->^ *u the different processes, though every precaution is taken to render it as little as possible. The floors are swept often and thoroughly/; the aprons of the workmen are washed on tho premises, and the water, Well nfl that in which they wash their hand", Is drained from one receptacle into aiiother until all forolgn substances have settled at tho bottom, after which the water Is poured off and the residuum told to the re finers, as Is also tho dirt swopt from i tho flcors and wotk benches. Tho refuse Is burtied by the retlher, tho ashes placed In ft Crucible and subjected to an Intense heat, a flux Is added, and at the conclusion of tho process tho gold Is found,in a solid lump at tho bottom of the crucible.?New York Truth. .k'm* <; Heaslcknes?. Sea lckneaa |? the result, says Mr. Btevons In 8ortbnirtot reflex irritations arising from little surprises to the muscles, and shocks to the nervea en gaged In performing certain important t'unotttfhs notably of locomotion, res piration and and when the groups of muscttto thus engaged are onoe educated th# surrounding cir cumstances, thd hef vo?ia revulsions are not experlencwL l'roper attention to the exorcise or these functions may so far mitigate theAronble an to make it rather an inconvenleneo than a dis tressing Illness. it bd distinctly understood that medicines can only piWerit AfcasTrtkhess by Inducing nerv ous insensibility, and that such a Stupe fying process is dlreotyy opposed to tho object of tho voyage when this is un dertaken for the promotion of h -alth. Kvnry article of diet llkolv to disturb tho digestive organs should be avoidn I, and an abundant supply of oxygen should be inhaled. The feet should l.e Cduoatod, theirespfiation regulated and the vision restricted. If close atten tion U glVdrt to tfteae directions, 1 ttlo fear of sorlous sipkness naed ho appre hended ; arid a voyage which might otherwise be remembered with tho most disagreeable a soelations may to rendered a season of almost uninter rupted enjoyment. The number of ah<&p in Montana U estimated at 603,000. JAPANESE ARTISTS. Th# Weadirfal r?ellItjr and Quick ne?* of Itkitr Work DMcrlWd. The Japan est have a great advan vage over the Eiwopeans in being obliged from infancy to learn the use of a brush. Their alphabet is in fact? a series of exercises in free-hand draw ing. Not only l? ii composed of an im mense number of complicated devices, but thousand of characters borrowed from the Chinese are in daily use. A ; boy who can write a letter has already i unconsciously acquired the precision of 1 touch of a trained European artist. In writing the paper is laid upon the left . hand, instead of a desk, as is the cus i torn also with tho Arabs. Facility of J motion is thus acquired alike for | shoulder, elbow, and wrist. Then, too, 1 the paper is of a peculiar quality j which at once absorbs tho ink, and it I requires a great precision of touch to produce an even outline. This early ; training accounts for the marvelous dexterity which shows itself in the 1 commonest and roughest pieces of I decoration. There is always a certain , freedom of touch rarely acquired by our best artists. Dr. Dresser gives an Interesting account of a treat prepared I for him by Sir Ilenrv l'arkes. Five of i the most celeorated native draughts men werein\ited to tho embassy for [ the purpose of practically exhibiting their method of working. In the mid dle of tho room was spreal a breadth ? of felt, on which w;us placed a pieco of ( paper, held down by weights. Each J competitor had a long, slender piece of ! charco.il in a bamboo holder, some . broad, flat brushes of deer's hair, and j round ones made of vegetable lihre. On a slab was a quantity of Indian ? ink. Tho llrst artist came forward, j bowed, and knelt dowrf\ before Mh j paper, considering it attorn volv for a uiinute or two. Ho then imub^a few' j almost imperceptible dMsw^h the j charcoal point, and wfttli *a~flat brush ull of Indian ink formed a large ir regular mass in tho centre, and with a small brush a few feathers and tho end of a pendent branch. Then, beginning at tho top of the paper, he worked downward, and in a quarter of an hour ! produced an admirable representation of a cock and hen and the branch of a tree. Tho body of the hen was skill, fully left out in the painting, so that it was formed merely of tho uncolored paper; but against the dark back ground, and with a few touches to in dicate feathers, it was entirely satisfac tory and thoroughly decorative. A flower-painter next mado his bow and knolt down. He, too, began with a few dots to guide him in the disposal of his masses. Taking a largo brush full of green pigment, ho made one leaf with each sweep, varying tho shades in the different leaves, but each leaf being of an even color. AVith an other brush be formed a peony flower, Khading it by merely putting a little water on quickly before tho red was absorbed. Tho colors of his palette wore indigo, gamboge, crimson lake and red earth. Tho Japaneso attach much importance to the art of compo sition, and always carefully arrange in their mind's eye beforo beginning any ? design exactly how they will produce ! balance without uniformity. One of i tho fair sex next tried her skill. Sho was flower-painter to the empress, and chose as her subject a simple little plant resembling our winter aconite It was represented as if done up for sale with tho root ami a piece of paper found it. Tho fourth competitor took , one of his broad flat brushes, dipped it in water, and squeezed it nearly dry, IIo then made it take the form of a crescent, and dipped the middle part in a dark solution ot Indian ink, leaving the outside of a lighter shade. A few j hairs were separated at ono side and : dipped in the darkest shade. Uy a i dexterous movement tho artist pro I duced at, a >>tro!<o the shaded body of a duck and an outline. Afterward ho added tho nock, head, feet, and tail feathers, and a dying duck was the re. milt. Another oxpert used his brush In a similar manner, producing a train of ! rats and a background. The bodies of | the rats were left out, as in tho ease of thehon; but there was no doubt what animals they were intended for, though i the delineation was dono in this appar ently hap-hazard manner. It is won- ' ilerful how tho Japanese can make 1 their animals live and move. Their \ birds really peck, or fly. or stand, or strlko their prey. Tho fishes awim and waft their talis. The Insects lireep, or oat, or sun themselves. There Is no mistaking what they aro Intondod to bo doing.--Nuturday Review, An Interesting Hello, Georgo Washington's carriage is now in a rather dilapidated condition. It i muoh largor than tho carriage of tho present day. Tho front wheels aro very small, while the hind wheels aro unusually largo. The body of tho coach in of a light cream color, while the upper part is black. Green blinds ?ro behind tho windows, ami old-fash >(oned lamps are on each njde of the driver's seat. It was b\iilt for Gen. Washington- by a builder in J'hiladel phla named Clarko, and Washington klways r<xle it out in the boight, of stylo with six cream-colored horses ami po Millions and outriders. Whon In ;ho spring of 17^ 1 he visited tho South ern states ho inado the whole journeyt HKX) miles. In that coach. "A Mexican lady of rank now visit ing the city of St. Louis has hair two and a half yards long. She wears it In two braids, and has a page to carry tho ends as he would a train," says an exchange. Junt think how it would be to llnd a hair two yards and a half long in tho butter, and then winder If the lady of rank has anything to do with the butter of her household. A half two yards long would caute as tnuoh gloom to settle down over a din her-table as would a soft, silky white hair only aijc Inches long in a ball of KofWfcglan butter. ? ^ H y ~\,,r y. i '? /? ? y.y'.&i' ' ' * ' ?* * iJ: J.O. ROLXJNQS,! ioin roa Statianary and Portable Steam Enjines. f Brown Ootrton Gins Wlnnshlp Cotton Cln With Feeders and Condensers Ti.UK* & Sows Enema's, Moxiboh Exoike*, Saunraa A Wood Ehoikm. Bom OoTToa Pun, BOHOniLD COTTOW PlIM, Fixdlxt Oottoh Paass, Oobn axd Wheat Mills, ?Saw Uiui, ^ Bhattwo ahd Pullbis, And all kinds af maoklnery. Do tare to call and ae? my price* beforo purchasing any kind of machinery. J. C. ROLLINGS, Cahdkx. H. P. I Wagons niKi Hug^ieN HARNESS, ETC. The undersigned respectfully calls atten lion to the large stock ot 1, 2, 3 and 4 horse "agons, single and double buggies, open and top buRgtea, wagon aud buggy harness, etc., whioh ha-now has on band, aud wbioh ho is selling at living prioes?ao low aa to ensure largo sale*. Handling lbs heavy stock I do, I o*n afford to aell at a small proQt. HEPAIRIIVG In all lU branches promptly and satisfactorily exeoutod by competent workmen. HORSE SHOEING k speolalty, Qlvemeaoall. U. A. MKTT8. aep7?lyr OLD (1833) ESTABLISHED Charleston Ice-House, ALVA, GAGE & CO., Market, oor. Church St., Charleston, S.C. Import*? and Shippers, Wholesale and Retail dealers in I O E . Xoe packed for the oountry a specialty. Ioe by the oar-load at kpeoial rat?^. Waverly House, Oauaxsrrow, 8. 0., G10B6E Ti ALPORD, ? ? . . Manager Batea $2 and $2.50 per Day. Thi? fkvorlte Family House, under lta new management, is reoommonded for tho excel* lenoe of its cuisine and home-like comfort*, jfcuiryand well ventilated rooms have Just win newly carpeted and olegantly furnishod. ?r. u. oum. v. s. o*bbm?. OH A FEB & O'BRIEN, Wholesale <3-rooer? 800 East Bay St, Charleston, $? C, Ageat* for Bxtoat's rramlnoa Traateo Oraefc ***? aog lt-Iy WDLBERN & FIEPER, Wholesale Grocers And Dealer* in Provisions, Liquors,Tobacco &c. 167 and 169 MSAMT BA Y, Mig lHy CHARLESTON, S. 0. DR. T. BERWICK LEG ARE, DENTIST, Graduate cf the Baltimore College of Dental 8urgery. OFFICE?DEKALB flOCNE. Kntranco on llroad Btroe.t. A* ' < . . V W. O. O E R A4*#' ? OLD CORNER STORB. I I ' A*>1 , % -v vi ? I h?v? hut r*htre?4 fron rnukt^ ?km I purcha*ad|a bMT7>took Of dI Kind* of* Good9^ At tha vary low* prioM, and I Mini It ; sire my cuitifl A the benaAl ol *T ioW p.load paroha>Mt *)fy atook mmMiiI , Fall and Winter Dry Qood% . Notions, Hosiery, Ac. fhe beet make and la teat atylea of . ? j Boots and Shoes. ClotUm, Hall, GROCERIES! In Grocerlea I bar? a* flno a llook aa MO U ?c?u In town. HARDWARE! For Plantation, Qaiden and Houaehold uaa: Full hue ot Saddlery and Harnaee. la (U^ I liaro got almoat auythlng you oan o*U tor, uul am determlnod to sell CHEAP FOR CASH. Call before you buy elaewhere, Bagging Mid Ties alwaya on band. Ulpheat pnoee p?Jd for Cotton In oaab. W. 0. GERAjLD, At ?K? Old Oornar Biora. Remodeled and Newly FnrnisM, LATHAM HOUSE, CAMDEN, S. O. Transient Board $2.00 Ptr Day* Ample aooommodatlona. Table* eupplle with the beat tho market afforda. Krary ad tentlonpaid t > the oomfort of gaeata. Conuooted with tbe Houae la a flrat-olaas DAR, which la orderly kept. , Hack to and from the depot Far? 86 [oenta oaoh way. Foed and Lire rery Htable on premlaea. 8. B. LATHAM, Pnor&xaro*. W. CLYBURN, General Insurance Agent And. Cotton Buyer. Removed to hla old ataud atOlyburn'a Block Will pay tbe hlgheat prloe for Ootton and bo. oiore freely tban ever before. ' ?r Mr oountry frlanda will pleaM *iva no a oal/. anglT-oL PRICES REDUCED. ROBERT D. WHITE, MARBLE I GRANITE WORKS. PLANS FURNISHED. Mooting Btroe'j, cor. Horlbock'a Alley augl8-yl. CHARLESTON, 8. 0. A. R. THOMLTNSON Manufkcturor of HAHJNT1SS, of Every Description, SADDLES, BRIDLES, Eta MoC. SADDLES, NEW AND OLD, ? Importer of English ~"i!)oddloo, Steel Blta, Bpure. Stirrups, Etc. Faoiory ana Ralosroom 137 Meeting St., Sept. 1-ly. CHARLESTON, S. a jypTALS, IRON, RAGS, ROPE, OOTTON HIDES, SKINS, WOODWAX, FURS ALP KINDS OP PAPER STOCK, Ac. MOT Wo ftro paying tbe Hlgheat Caah Prioea. MOSES GOLDSMITH ft SONS, augl8-l* . P. O. Box 1ML FOUNDRY, 50x214 #eet. MACHINE SHOP, 60x250 Feet. BOILER SHOP, 40x190 F?*t, GEORGE R. LO M! BABD & (JO. Foundry, Machine and Botler Worka, ?tj&.vaLarvLSrtca* - Gt-eor^la. BUILDERS OF Engines aad Boilers, Saw Mill*, Grist Mills, and all kind* of MIU mitf nery of thp latent impiored styles. Shafting, Hangers, Pulleys, Gearing and Journal Boiftft, Wo htYO a large assortment or Pattern*, Sugar Honors and Oln Gearing. DEALERS IN Engine ami Mill Supplies, Clroular Sawn, Filos, Oammeri, Swage*. Globa Ohqok and Safoty Valves, Whistlos, Oauges, 8 aim Pipe and Fittings. Babbet metal hro? 10 ?o 40 oents, Belting, Lnolng, Rubber, Hemp, Soipstone and Asbestos Paoklng, 0112 Md Ofl Caps, Wroneho*, Emory Wheols, oto. AGENTS FOR Eohpse Double Turbine Wheel, Kortlng's Unhrersal Injootors, ths |Mlt made. BradtoidMill Co's. PorUblo Mills. Nordyko <k Marmon Oo.'s Plantation Oom MM Feed MU1*. Atlas Englno Works and Erie City Iron Works, Portable and Stationery Boginse. Kunklo's Pop Safety "aires. Oloud Oreok Mill Rooks. ?GT Iron and Brass Oastings, and all kinds of Repa'rs promptly done. We OMl orery day, and ar? working about one hundred hands C0N6AREE IRON WORKS, COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA. 1 M I' i< vj V 15 I ) CIRCULAR SAW MILLS. j Kjf SIMPLE, CHEAP AND DUIUllLB, Wo vum tha celebrated Frlotion F>uk1 on all onr 8 iw Mills. We use the _ Mt material in their construction, etui 'pare neither labor nor eipense to der them m near perfect m poeolble. We warrant *11 onr work to be well w4* Mid of good materiel. We wonld like if yon won id oompare the (ollpwlog flgarea with thoee of other manafaotarera and see If we do not tell yon a better anil large* law MiU.at fame figures: PBIOIB. Ho. 1 1011. With 86 Inohea.Saw, 16 feet carriage 91711 "1 ?? " 88 *? 18 " awn ?? 9 ?? " 40 " 20 ?' 800.f - % " ** 84 " 20 " 825 ( ?? ? <? ?? 46 " 20 " 850." ?? ? ? ?? 48 41 24 " 876.0fS ??4 . ?? 60 M 24 " 400 0#1 ??4 ?? ?? 53 " 24 " 428 05. Fxtrn Carriage, 80.00 por foot. The aboTn mill* o"nu>h'te to main belt. Deal-It JOHN AliF.X\NDKR. Proorieto WILSON, OHILDS ft 00., PHILADELPHIA WAGON WORK"*. nill.A 73 I.TTITA r*A., MAHUFAOTURKn Of ALL IIHDt OV Plantation, Oity, Freight, Bn?ine??, BzprtM SPRING WAGONS, TBTJOKB, DRAT8,0AJtTH, Till BE R WHEEDH AND WHKRD*AlUlO ?? *,:? . . ' . v'4 ' . vV'i'l' it.. ' ' .. > ? -til m