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BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. 0., THURSDAY, JULY 25, 1878._VOL. XIV-NO. 2. ; ; AAMB^OK $QB3a&IPT102t.-Om Dollar and Fnrrr.CcrrBper win um, in advance. TWO DotXAas at end of year. 8iTWcrr-Frvx Cxnts ? ? tar alx.months. Subscriptions ars not taken for a lest period ' than tlx rnoatba. &ATSi Of ADVERTISING.?One T*>Uar per aiuireoi one tftolfior the first iiisertion, and Fifty ' Gouts per squar6 fersubscqaont insertionslcsa thin tiree mouths. No advertisements counte less Liberal contract s.w 111 bo made with those wLehin g to advertise for three, tlx or twelve months. Ad -vertising by contract must be confined to the im? mediate business of the firm or individual oontrac Obituary Notices exceeding fire lines, Trflwtes ? of Bespsct, and all personal communications or . matters or individual Interest,-will be charged for at advertising rates. Announcemeats of marriages *nii deaths, and notices of ? religious character, are ' respectful! v lollclted, aad will be inserted gratis THE AZOK IT SIERRA LEONE. Visit of a Dandy Doctor?The Contract tor : ft Tow to Monrovia Wantonly Broken by til* Mall Steamer?Tlsltin? the Town? Vo Head there of the XVth Amendment The Asor Safe at Monrovia. Irom the Charleston News and Courier. Monrovia:, Sunday, June 2. My last letter, dated Sierra Leone, May SO, waa abruptly concluded with the an? nouncement that ire were off for this place in tow of the steamer Ethiopia of I : the British mail line between Liverpool Vuatl the west coast of Africa. After ipostiog.that somewhat voluminous doc ~~ent> 1 hastened, in company with Holmes, to the landing, whence we " to our astonishment and grief, Ethiopia Bieaming away over the bssv?h&st_ the Azor, which lay anchored e hurried aboard the i were vainly made to t ,er,'L which final!y dlsap ^ jund the cape.' This desertion was not only a breach of commer contnu-t and plighted word on.the of Capt Simmons of the Ethiopia, f was. a piece of the most heartless^ He had distinctly" made an it with Capt Holmes to tow the to Monrovia for $750, the latter to be ready by-10.45 a. m.? at -time the Ethiopia was steaming ay nearly pot of sight. Capt. Sim i perfectly knew our situation. He been informed of the opinion- ex jd by the physician?that should sr delay occur in disembarking the a paasengere, a large number would inltdie. What his motives were I not snow, I do know that he has ?jiated the rules held sacred by every, pehant and sailor, not to speak of | itletnan or man' of honor. He is a tjrace to his company and his nation. B conquct was generally characterized | Pfga Leone as "dirty." rOKBXDDEN FEUXT. ' last item of any importance was r 28tb, rthe "day of'our arrival in Leone. . Early next morning sev wero about thaship, most1 g plentiful stores of pine _ j? oranges, mangoes, alii anci cocoanuts, which their sjy.. offered fot sale,. . .pilot, a jabber appa [y equaliy uavoring of French and ican English. One or two women b also on band, vociferously solici ; orders-for washing. Tho Azor peo clustered like bees on the rails, ana led with open eyes on the visitors, and t watering mouths on the fruit. This er, however, was rigidly excluded by 'ship's officers.: We had,about 800 b aboard, and had fruit been allowed wanted, We should have had stomach aches before night * THE BAN GEB i OF DELAY. . Wut 8 o'clock on. this morning (29th) "olonial physician cama oat jn the liter's boat He (the physi i cctoroon, with the white duck bat, canvas shoes, side whisker inflection of the average Eng l these parte. He was a Ii,tie V, and kept his boat -ions as to. r .ta symptoms, Ac.-; i$ the answers jn a moroccp: nth a gold pencil. He was ilack oarsmen, and spoke to manner, that showed plainly * serial equality was by no . jmplished fact there. Bye docto r came' aboard, looked | ate, prescribed for them, and send medicines and disinfec confirmed our previous ica _at .the sickness was a mild ip fever, caused by overcrowd ?nfiness, inaurncieut medicines eni medical attendance. He opinion that every day of de og the -emigrants ashore in danger of a violent and fatal e was asked what the con be should the Azor sail I for ten - dayis longer. . sixty deaths," was the significant -answer. This lorn of putting in, for the omitting mention of the and water. S"G ABHOBE. i doctor bad ? gone, Capt. vent ashore, in a boat ".-oarsmen attired italoons aid red _ at the landing osiderable excitement loungers in that immediately sur? ety black men and ouching caps and id all offering to 'for a considera JJI get through irle of dress that FASHIONS. \ jprewibsd. ?neu has been THE LATEST .AFBWfelly consisting ! The dress of the M? The faabiii lalready spoken of a&gH? policemen ;of a rag about the ldWTbe ordina ^ raenta of the boatmenmwgshoremen falso mention?*iand trow s, porters analrabaveonly *r loose thin s?&ces wba't >ugh they freqndilb at the and in other irfln for the a loDg bag cutrokost are two holes cut a?Lilmoet are barefooted arAjll cap below the knee, l&gers, head covering is aBlong ,5KJ5l gaudy color. Clerk*. mHfes of * ire and shop keepers, and thosSfcent : ^ to that class, ?8nally wearcv?nd ropean cat and make, of d^ahe brs and fashionings, with shoBte V, lika anybody else. Then coSfc ?sulmans dressed in long purel^r \ do wing robes, not unlike an ?pH minister'? surplice, with sandsQP across the instep with huge , and tall brimless lined or cl. These are the fellows who co im the' country, and are "not _ to-day.". Their humbler brethren re at work, (a condition of life in a Mussulman never is if he can ly help himself) wear gowns of bine cotton, generally dirty, but -isame shape. Not only these fol >of the prophet, but many others Ti \ colored atfiens of 8ierra Leone Vwispeaded 'around their necks 'pouches, bits of stone, &c., con Icharms. The dress of the women fjverbe as the men's. Sometimes jar a single long, loose garment 'cotton gathered in at the waist, have a gaudily colored robe around their waists and falling teir ankles, with a spare piece in front which .they poll over 'Jem* when a strange man is ap ?g. Very freaneriily ao infant is jp in the folds of this garment, (quietly behind and forming a I The mother always looks pro jn-aconsciou*- of, and nnconcern * fti!ohnrdf,'ri; which is invariably ads ce THE LABORING PEOPLE of both sexes are generally very erect, and walk with what in. a white man would be a swagger, bat in them, with their free limbs, is merely a graceful in? dependence. The business men have the business man's usual stoop, methodical walk and steady .look, and generally carry an umbrella and wear a broad hat. I think these natives are usndly very strong, and some of them are magnifi? cently shaped, especially the women. The most beautiful and massive pair of female shoulders I have ever seen, I saw here. Their owner had a heavy load on her bead; but walked under it as straight as an arrow, and the shoulders jnst spo? ken of were studies for an artist, being straight, square, clean cut and well rounded?altogether perfect. Almost all the overland transportation is done on human heads, there being only three horses in the entire colony. A woman will walk into town at a good pace from' miles in the country, with a child swing? ing at her back, and from thirty to sev? enty pounds of produce on ber head, carrying herself as well and showing as little fatigue as an average American or English woman would after a mile's unencumbered stroll. What the men can carry I am afraid to say. I saw one start home with two huge iron pots bal? anced on his head, weighing probably one hundred pounds, and be looked as if be hardly felt them. The laborers whom we met at the wharf bore two two-gallon demijohns of rum in each hand and an? other, an their heads. I saw no woman whose dress would forbid her appearance Qn the streets of an American city. The children to about eight years old wear very-little?very often nothing at all. Now you have the people as they appear on the streets. LOOKS OF THE TOWN. . From the large stone dock on vbich we landed we walked probably half a block across a sort of court, on the right side' of which was. a large brick ware? house, in and about which - demijohns and bales were being bandied by a gang of black men. Here, we reached a night of broad steps made of heavy stone, in the interstices of which grew grass and weeds. On these steps we get up a abort hill and are fairly within the town, which doesnot differ much so far as I a n see from any small American seaport town. .The town, proper-. (Freetown) contains about 8,600 population, and the colony of Sierra Leone extends some thirty miles back of the coast, and contains between 80,000 and 40,000 people. Free? town is built more along the foot of the highrbilla than I. 'thought, not running more than a third of the distance up them. The streets are of ordinary width, being unpaved. ' The soil is common red clay oeaten hard by much treading, and the streets or roads are fringed on each side by a broad border of grass precisely similar to oar. American grass and weeds. THE HOUSES are, generally ? one story, and built of wood, with roofs made of reeds or rushes plaited. From the front of each of these houses projects a wide roof, cover? ing where the pavement should be. The fences are also familiar, being the ordi? nary slat ones, the slats being boards, or barrel staves. In the' little gardens, Which are .generally about seventy-five feet square, grow short stalks of corn, yams and a few other vegetables, and in* most of them a cocoanut tree or two towers up. At long intervals a more pretentious'building is reached, there being several large two-story frame stores, the.upper story surrouded with lattice work, a few brick stores, and probably half Si dozen brick' and wooden ware booses. A tin or .tile roof is occasionally seen.' Tbe town is well laid off into streets, with- English names painted at their corners. A short walk down seve? ral corners brings us to the place of bus? iness of THE AMERICAN CONSUL, from which the "gl orious gridiron" floats. Our guide has been a black man picked up from a boat, and on the way he suc? ceeds in engaging himself to wait on the ship with his conveyance. We note en route that nearly every man we m ;et touches his bat and says "goo mornin!'* We see only one white man?a squarely built Englishman, in a cork hat and his shirt sleeves, smoking a large pipe, and standing ander a tree, superintending a gang of laborers?who eyes us super? ciliously as we pass. The American representative is a member of an Eng? lish firm doing the largest business in Sierra Leone. On the first floor of bis establishment is the retail store, a wide and deep apartment, stocked with bright prints, cotton, beads, bats, sandals, hard? ware, notions, clothing and guns. Tbe latter are the old flintlock, long barrelled, smooth bore musket. My idea is that the man who fires one of them thereby' gives proof of courage of a very high order. Tbe store has a counter, behind which stands the keeper, black?the head clerk, black?the junior clerks, black porter, black?messenger, black. Back of this store is the warehouse, where gangs of labcrers are at work. Up stairs are the offices, of which there is a large 'suite. Here are four white men, inclu? ding proprietors, and several' colored and black clerks, all working together. I THE BUSINESS STBEET. There is little difficulty in getting our American notes changed and drafts cash? ed here, and we sally ont to see the town further. One of the junior salesmen is sent along to- take care of me and my umbrella. My guide is European dress? ed, plodding, methodical and business like. We go around a few more corners and get into the business street, which is ! lined on both sides with one story shops with their broad porches in front. Under these porches are grouped samples of the fares for sale within?bright prints, Vain ted china, clothing and so on?which ?es the boulevard an extremely an im a ?MtVand picturesque appearance. Put in umVi street the people heretofore described !i, calabashes and trays ou iud you have Sierra Leone, dy else on the Azor, I had r. and I went to buy a hat. shops are deeper than four i being more booths than ie stock can easily be reach prietor without his having od much. The old heathen is taken reached down an tide lined with cork, and be coal scuttle in. a railroad llision. He wanted to sell iz shillings. After a little is came to $9. Then I hat. srson," I asked, "suppose I King street in this fearful rfully constructed tile, bow i boys would sing out to hat.' between Line street ryf would take34shillings,and it, falling rapidly in price: . He saiV ^"'H-staracteristic of Sierra followed ecpcrsLJ Thoy always charge to 28. Ti what they will take^ I nation of Bloody-Nose Bill the Avenger, a stage-pirate, and Sir Walter Scott's Alsatian. Now you have the town and the people. NO LIONS IN FREETOWN. There are no lions to look at in Free? town. A regiment of soldiers is quar? tered there. They. are black, and dress in zouave uniform. There is a market which looks like a section of Charleston Market sawed off. There is a town ball which is an ordinary village con rt house. There are barracks for the soldiers, and that's all. The police are all colored, all dressed in bine, red and pewter, all have clubs, and are very frequently barefooted. I did not Bee a flower in the town. The trees are mostly cocoanut, the others being non-fruit bearing. Some of them were very handsome, but nobody could tell me what they were called. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Sierra Leone produces principally gin? ger, hides, palm oil ana peanuts. She raises a few "nubbins" of corn for table consumption, rice, fruits, yams and plan ?tains. Cocoanuts you all know, yams you all know, bananas you know; alli? gator pears are about the size of a large cucumber, soft inside, eaten with salt and pepper, and having a large stone. For a steady diet I would prefer mule meat to them. Mangoes are delightful, having an aromatic, spicy taste impossible to de? scribe. The oranges are good. Pine? apples sell at Freetown at a penny (two cents) each, cocoanuts about the same price, the pears ditto, mangoes at a half fenny, oranges at almost anything, aim wine is also sold here, but it tastes like hot water and bad molasses. A SOUVENIR OF RICHMOND. We procured fruits, onions, "greens," Spinaen, eggs, fresh meat and water at reasonable prices. The latter tasted more like-the "Jeems River" fluid, so dear to the hearts of Ei^ -ond (Va.) {>eople, than anything I 3 seen in a ong time. The fresh meai comes from small, but sleek looking and generally fawn colored cattle, which are raised in the country. It is excellent. I forgot, by the way, -to mention that our old mends, the goats and hogs, perambulate the streets quite freely, and were quite as independent and greedy as . in American towns. PENNILESS PASSENGERS. The captain of the Ethiopia was seen by Cant Holmes on the occasion of this first visit, and an arrangement was made with him to tow the Azor out the next morning. When we got back aboard this announcement was made known, and it gave general satisfaction, as the steamer could tow us in thirty hours over the distance it might have cost days of time and many lives for us to have sailed. Capt. Holmes wished to make the ex? pense as light as possible for the Libe rian Exodus Association, and he pro? ceeded to attempt the raising of half the amount from the passengers. I was elec? ted treasurer.' The Exodists raised $62 in cash among them. For the first time I got some idea of the extent to which these people have b?en drained to push the scheme/ Several of the steerage pas? sengers started from Charleston with ac? tually not one cent Others had sums varying from $1 to $10. One told me: '"I gave the last $5 note I had, when they told me the ship couldn't start with o?t more money." Another, who came away without a dollar in his pocket, holds claims for $1,200 against the Asso? ciation. I don't think more than five of those aboard have over $50 in clear cash. The managers knew this too I A DRAFT ON THE L. E. A. ' These revelations induced Captain Holmes to refrain from further drawing upon the pittances remaining, and'he de? cided to draw on the Association for the full amount of $750, and restore what money had been paid in. Early on the morning of the 80th one of the sailors took it in his head to be stubborn, and a half hour's delay and hard work was re? quired to get him in irons. Then we rushed ashore,. where I finished and mailed my last letter. Our bitter disap? pointment I have already told you of. A VAIN HOPE. As the steamer disappeared, everybody looked almost ready to cry for vexation and disappointment. My mortification and sorrow were doubled, for a hope of "Pills" Curtis being left ashore had arisen, when we, hurrying to the ship, caught sight of him on a distant corner, making an ass of himself in the presence of a number of the natives, and swelling around like a ridiculous old peacock without'any feathers. This hope was, however, vain, as hexame aboard about an hour after the time fix3u for our de? parture. There was some consolation when we went ashore, for there we were informed that the . Senegal and Bonnie (steamers) were due on Saturday, the former homeward and the latter outward, bound, and that we would certainly get towing from one of the two. KINDNESS OF GOVERNOR HOWE. With this we were of necessity satis? fied, especially as the Governor (Gov? ernor Bowe) had intimated very plainly that if we attempted sailing he would in? stitute a rigorous investigation into the number of passengers aboard the Azor,. and enforce the English laws on the sub 1'ect: This gentleman was exceedingly rind to us during our stay, lending his own boats and breakers to facilitate our watering, and furnishing us large quan? tities of medicines gratuitously. GOVERNMENT OF THE COLONY. There is much information regarding Sierra Leone which was gleaned at odd times and places, which I will have to throw together in as much shape as pos? sible. First, because the easiest disposed of, comes the politics. The Colony is ruled by a Governor and council appoint? ed by the British Government. They are all white men, (or, as they are called there, "Europeans." Some of the petty civil officers are colored, I believe. So here we see a happy people never troubled with elections, ana they do seem the happier and better for it . AN AFRICAN NEWSPAPER. They have a newspaper in Sierra Le? one, the existence of which is sporadic. The man who owns the press is strongly opposed to Governor Bowe'B administra? tion and policy? and wants to make a rowe with him on all occasions, while the man who owns the type is a strong Bowe man. Consequently there is always a rowe. When the paper supports Bowe the anti-Bowe man kicks up a rowe and takes away his press, and when the un? fortunate sheet opposes Bowe there is a d?1 of a rowe, and the Bowe man lakes off his type. Then there ensues a sus? pension until enough men, who want to see some "little thing" of theirs in print, get together to hire the portion of the outfit owned by the opposition. Then the-sheet which is about the size of a pocket handkerchief, comes but, some? times giving fits to Bowe, and sometimes to those who make the rowe with Bowe. commonTday laborer earns a shilling (26 cents) per diem, a good clerk or shopman from ?3 to ?5 ($15 to $25) per month, and all seem to live very comfortably and contentedly in their respective states of life. The Mussulmans are the princi? pal agriculturists, and, outside of the thirty miles of British possessions,' work their farms with slaves, either bought or inherited. The slavery is of a very light nature, the nearness to John Bull's line making it easy for the slave to run off if ill-treated. He is, therefore, generally exceedingly well cared for. ' THE ORDINARY NEGRO. There is one point where the Sierra Leone-negro far surpasses the American citizen of African descent. He washes himself always once and generally twice a day.- He generally lives on rice, pre? ferring the native grain, which is par? boiled before being beaten out, which process ruins its clear white, but renders it more nourishing and pleasant to eat? they say so, and 1 think so. If the ordi? nary negro is in your employ for five minutes or five years he always addresses and speaks of you as "masser," touches his cap when approaching you, and takes it off in your presence. He makes a re? spectful, ready, cleanly and faithful ser? vant, works cheaply, and is delighted by a "tip," bowing almost to the ground., scraping, and grinning from ear to ear when presented with six pence or a shil? ling. He never calls you "boss" or speaks of you as "ole-." Yet he knows his rights too. People can, and do, call him an infernal fool, a bloody idiot, a blasted sou of a gun, and an "oaery cuss," and fie. takes it ..patiently, and good-naturedly. But they are de Erived of the sweet consolation of calling im "a dura nigger." The latter is an opprobrious term, and he will immedi? ately have you summoned before a mag? istrate and fined from five to fifteen shillings. We were not very favorably impressed with the morals of this class, however, as the "drummers" at the wharves offered chickens, ducks, cab? bages and young women all in the same breath and with the same business-like air. "8TKTJCK ABL OF A HEAP." So much for the lower classes, now for the other. An English gentleman, with whom-1 became acquainted, invited me to his house to dinner. He was a prom? inent man,.and there, is no. doubt as to his business and social standing being of the.best. -On going.to his house, Lwas "struck, all of a heap" by being intro? duced to his son and daughter, both un? mistakably colored. In tbe expressive language of Mrs. Gamp, "You might 'a knocked me down with a feather." Blue Moses I. Here. was I who had never, never, never,.sat at meat with anything but pure Caucasian;, who had never called colored man or woman "Mr.," "Miss" or "Mrs.," (resorting oftentimes, to ingenious devices to avoid doing so without giving offence, such as asking a boy coming to the door "who lives here ?" in order that he should say "Mr. John? son," and I shouldn't have to.) I, who ?had been -explaining to my host, while on the way home, why. in my judgment, a social distinction between the races was natural and proper; here I was sud? denly confronted with this appalling pro? blem. Of ?course there was only one thing to be done, and I went blindly and recklessly in. and did it?that was pre? tend that there was/nothing unusual, and that I didn't know white from otherwise. She did the honors of the table very gracefully, and afterwards performed several airs on the piano with correct? ness and taste.. I was so afraid she had noticed my involuntary start at first, that I assured her with tears in my two e'en that her music was the sweetest I had ever heard. A CONCERT BADLY MIXED. After dinner that night, (that was Fri? day, June 1,) I went to a concert, magic lantern and amateur theatrical perform? ance in the court house hall. She room was about thirty feet square and divided by an ordinary railing. Outside of this were rough benches.' Here were the shilling, half price seats. Inside the railing the walls were decorated with cocoa tree branches, and there were chairs, which formed the two shilling seats, occupied by the elite. Against the wall, opposite the entrance door, was a stage, on which the sheet on rollers, used for the magic lantern, was placed. This part of the performance was over. In the centre of the stage sat Governor Bowe, on his right a British officer in uniform, an old, and a middle aged col? ored woman, and on his left an octoroon girl and another young British officer. Against the wall on the left was another and smaller Btage for the theatricals. Tbe audience was of all colors, mostly black, there being a Blight sprinkling of English officers, one or two white civil? ians, the curate and, in fact, everybody. The play was a farce entitled "John Dobbs," and the actors were all black, the female parts being assumed by men, (shades of Manager Ottolengui 1) When the farce, which was a very perfect farce in every way, was over, all went home, several of the ''colored damsels being escorted by white men, while others of the latter race and gender stood about the doors (after the manner of empty headed young: mon in general,) uucov ering and bowing. A LITTLE S?PPEE. I met there an American?a New Yorker and a "Copperhead," who had been living five years in Sierra Leone, and he carried me off to a "little supper," in a delightfully cool upstairs room somewhere, where a miniature fountain played from among green shrubs in the centre of the table, and we ate roast fowl and salmon, and drank claret from porous clay utensils in company with, two men black as crows, one of whom addressed my friend by his last name. There's social equality, and nobody seems to feel or see any difference. My American friend says "You soon get used to it." The fact is the colored people in Sierra Leone are so thoroughly Anglicized in every respect that the English find no difficulty in forgetting their skins. I ain't English. I learn that the colored daughter of my English friend is a leader of the ? Freetown ton. Indeed, while I was in the house, the wife of a major in the army came in and paid a sociable visit. THE CONVEYANCES. I have not been able to see much of the town which, they say, lies behind the hill, as it was too far to walk, and the only other conveyances are wheeled and sedan chairs, propelled or carried by natives, which don't look either clean or Eleasant. The Governor has a large ammock, carried by a small company of servants, in which he can stow himself and family, but he never offered to lend it to me. The total number of white people in the Colony is about 200. The thermometer usually ranges between 90 and 100. - OFF FOB MONROVIA. That's about nearly all I knovy^bont S^rraLeoiiejy arrival in Monrovia. The steamer charges us ?210 for towing down. Thin, in common with the preceding letter, has been written in the upper berth of a narrow cabin, and with all the disadvantages of sickness, the rolling and pitching of the vessel, and other dis? comforts and inconveniences which were necessary consequences of our crowded condition and poor provision. Under such circumstances the brain does not work freely, nor is the hand cunning in transcribing. There is one comfort, however. The hand-writing of most of this is Buch as to give me assurance that it will avenge me of my adversary, the intelligent compositor, to whom I owe a grudge of long standing. My next from Monrovia. A. B. "Williams. THE FLYING MACHINE. A Talk -with Inventor Rltchel About HI*. New BaUoon?Cannot Go Aral list the Wind. "I have overcome," said Mr. Bitchel, the inventor of the new flying machine, "the fatal objection which has always been made to the practicability of aerial navigation?that is, I have made a ma? chine that can be steered. I claim no more. I have never pretended that a balloon could be made to go against the wind, and.I am sure it never could. It is as ridiculous as a perpetual motion machine, and the latter will be invented just as soon as the former." It was. on just this point that the re? porter desired Mr. Bitchel to express his opinion, for an impression seemed gen? erally to prevail that a balloon has been invented which can be made to navigate the -air as successfully as a steamship sails the ocean. But the inventor, who is spend: ng a few days in the city on business relating to bis new invention, is anxious .0 disclaim any such pretension. What h a* machine can be made to do is to rise or descend at the will of the nav? igator, '.0 sail with, and faster than a swift wind, to hold its own against a wind, moving at the. rate of from four to six miles an hour, and to move slowly against a three mile breeze. Mr. Bitchel is a professional inventor, and has taken out nearly 1)0 patents in this country as well as in France, England and Canada. His inventions have run mainly in the direction of labor saving machinery, and from one patent he claims to have cleared $75,000." -"My principal invention:" be said, "was amachine for boring holes in brushes a ad cane seat chairs, ana another for inlaying wood, which is the only ma? chine for that purpose in existence, but ray pet idea is the flying machine." "When did the idea occur to you ?" "Well, I think it was some time in the year 1871 My attention was turned in that direction, and I've been thinking'it over ever since. About nine months ago I began working on the machine in Bridgeport, Conn. The first public ex? hibition was at the centennial exhibition buildings, on the 10th of May. I ex? hibited' the flyer there for two weeks, and then another week in the city of Philadelphia. But the first open air ex? hibition was at Hartford, on the 12th of June. There were about ten thousand people the re, and the weather was per? fect. The machine went in any "direc? tion desirei, and even came back against a Blight wi ad. In Boston, on the 4th of July, the wind was blowing across the common at the rate of twenty-five or thirty miles an hour, and I didn't want to send the balloon up at all; but there were a hundred thousand people there and I didn't like to disappoint them. So I said to Mark Tuttle, the navigator, "Now, Mark, get her up as quick as a flash or you'll blow against the houses." He went up like a streak and only miss? ed the tree! by twenty feet. The wind took'him like a flash out of town and he finally landed at Dover. The crowd stood there waiting for him to come back against the wind and go up again, and we couldn't explain that that .was impossible. There were 200 refreshment booths along the sidewalks and around, and the .owners told every one the bal? loon would be back in half an hour. 80 the crowd stood there from 2 o'clock till 5 waiting for the machine to come back. The map go; back about 5 on the train, and I was afraid to take the balloon up to the commons for fear a mob might de? stroy it." "How do you propose ever to utilize the invention?" "In a hundred ways. As soon as I have perfected it and people come to un? derstand it thoroughly it will come into use. Even now I've had ever so many applications for machines; but a man couldn't use one if he had it. This one is small and intended only for exhibi? tions, under cover. The weight of the cylinder or balloon is 60 pounds, of the machine proper 48, and Mark weighs 96, so the weight is 204 pounds. But I am going to make a bigger one during the next six months that will carry two heavy men. You see I don't have to carry any ballast or waste any gas, so I need only 3,200 cubic feet of gas. Now, the pro? pelling fan is equal to 500 cubic feet of hydrogen in raising the balloon and to 85 pounds of ballast in lowering it. The thing is run entirely by hand and is nothing in size compared with all the others that have been tried in this coun? try and elsewhere. The propelling?that is, the raising and lowering fan?is only twenty inches in diameter and makes 2,000 revolutions a minute. The steer? ing fan is two inches smaller and re? volves 2,890 times a minute. The machine is propelled by turning a wheel by a handle, and is steered by. the foot resting on treadles, the naviga? tor sitting astride the machine. The advantage of this over all other balloons is that it can bo made to fly swifter than the wind and to cross from side to side of a current of air moving in any direc? tion tiltanother current is reached mov? ing toward another point. By rising or descending and moving in various di? rections a favorable current will inevita? bly be reached to bear the aeronaut on his proposed journey. When the big machine is mads I propose to send it on a trip from New York to Chicago, to make the voyage in six hours. But this one is too small for extensive traveling. Where there is no wind it will travel six or seven miles an hour. It goes up a mile in a minute, and comes down in two minutes. I have never been in it myself, but when the large one is finished I intend to take a ride. The machine will be used, I am sure, in reaching the North Pole, and snips going to the polar regions will hereafter probably carry it. For military pur ?oses, too, it would be very valuable, /hen I was making it people laughed at me a good deal; but so they did at Noah when he built the ark. Mr. Bitchel is a Yankee, having been born in Portland, Maine. He has also lived in Detroit, Chicago, Newark,and a few years ago had. a factory in this city. But ne holds that New England as "the part of the country." When the weath? er gets a.little cooler he is coming to this city to exhibit h s high flying machine. THE HERMIT'S LIFE AND DEATH. An Old Man Who Lived Like a Wild Beast In the Woods. From the Buffalo (A". Y.) Courier. The story of the strange life and its cruel ending of Michael Daulter, th<? hermit of South Colton, St. Lawrence County, will be read with interest. This singular man was a native of Ireland, coming to his country very young.? Thirty years ago he was engaged in the capacity of hostler at Clark's Hotel, Waddington, St. Lawrence County, and leaving there after several years' service, he went to act in the same capacity at Raymondville, where he did not stay long. He was always noted to be a sav? ing and industrious man, and courted solicitude habitually. Nothing is known of his career from the time he left there, twenty years and more ago, until he turned up, four years sgo last April, at South Colton. To appearance he was then about 45 years of age, and spoke, which was but seldom, with an unmistak? able "brogue." He engaged board at Armstrong's Hotel for six weeks, paying weekly in advance. He disappeared after this for two weeks, when he re? turned and boarded another week at the hotel. While he boarded at the hotel be sought seclusion and busied himself du? ring the day in rambles in the woods, gaining an accurate knowledge of all the locations of tbe country around; every spring, brook, crag and mound in the locality was known to him. Upon leaving Armstrong's the last time'he began to live the life of a her? mit, upon a piece of woodland which he bought from M. D. Beckwitb, situated two miles northeast of South Colton, on the section known as the "Dead Creek Road." Daulter's manner of living here was not above that of a wild beast. He erected a log hut, consisting of three apartments connected by holes, facing to the east. The south apartment, ten by eight, Daulter lived in. It had no floor, no windows, and he cooked from a fire against the wall. The middle apartment was used to sleep in, the bed consisting of husks and old straw thrown on the ground; and the north apartment, the foremost and best of all, be kept his cow in. He had cleared about six acres of land around the camp and bad inclosed it with a substantial fence, which must have taken many months to erect. In front of his camp were a few rods square evidently intended for potatoes. In the entire clearing, under the most favorable circumstances, it would be impossible to raise hay. grain or vegetables to the value of five dollars. Here Daulter lived alone, seeking the companionship of no one, and nobody inquiring after his. The last time he was seen alive was on Tuesday forenoon, April 30, standing in front of bis shanty cutting potatoes for planting. On the same afternoon two boys named Morgan passed the hut and looked in. They saw inside one Peter Bresnaham, who slammed the door in their faces. They told the circumstance to their father on reaching home. Tbe latter's curiosity being excited he visited the shanty the next day. The door was standing open and the cow was lowing continuously. Entering he found it empty, and noticed that the floor in many places was dug up. The neighbor-, hood being alarmed, more than 100 peo? ple turned out to search for the absent man; this was Wednesday. The search was continued until 1 o'clock Friday afternoon without success. The remains, soon after, were discovered by a dog be? longing to one of the party; they were lying behind a log about thirty rods from the shanty. The head was thrust under a log and covered with leaves and dirt The feet bore marks of having been stood upon to crush them out of sight and were covered with leaves and dirt. One hand grasped some leaves, as though they had been clutched in the agonies of death. Peter Bresnaham having been seen in the hut by the Morgan boys, suspicion at once fell upon him as the murderer of Daulter. Investigation revealed that for some days before he made several at? tempts to borrow a gun from different persons. He pretended that he wanted to shoot wood-chucks. He eventually secured an old flint musket from one Joseph Matthews. On the day of the killing, toward eveuing, he bought flour, tobacco and tea. One Lindsay, of whom he purchased the flour, kept the money, being induced to do so on account of its peculiarity. It was all in ten-cent silver pieces, five-cent nickles, .and two-cent pieces, and looked dark-colored, as though it nad not been used for some time. When asked where he got the money, be could give no rational account of it. When buying the flour he had on his shoulder the same gun he had bor? rowed from Matthews. One man saw Bresnaham as he was going to Daulter's, and another saw him as he was leaving. Blood was found also on bis coat, pants and boots. Bresnaham is an Irish-Canadian, and came to reside at South Colton last Octo? ber. He is shiftless, dissipated, poverty stricken, and ragged. He has a wife and child; the latter twelve years old. Last winter he cut logs for one George Wil? liamson, who had some trouble with him. It was noticed that about the time of the murder he had changed his whiskers. On his examination ne accounted for this by saying that he had a fire in front of his house on the Thursday evening after Daulter was missed, and the wind blew the flames into his face and burnt his whiskers, which necessitated his trimming them with shears. On being further pressed on examination he stated that he never knew Daulter nor had heard that he was a singular man, or that' he had money. But he had heard that he lived in a peculiar hut or camp. "Last winter, when playing cards with the Hutcheson boys, some one remarked that they would have to knock over Mike Daulter and get some money to put up; am innocent of this murder; never saw Daulter until I saw the corpse yesterday afternoon; went down to the Dead Creed Road and passed Daulter's Wednesday, the day after the murder; went to see a man; do not see that there are any more suspicions hanging over me in regard to the murder than attach to any other per? son in South Colton." The younger boy Morgan identified Bresnaham as the same person he saw in the hut notwithstanding the change in his whiskers. The prisoner has been taken to Canton, and his case will come before the grand jury at the next Oyer and Terminer there in June, but a trial cannot take place before next October. ? The summer every-day suit of a Madagascar gentleman costs only fifteen cents, and twelve of those are laid out for a cane. ? A lisping doctor sacrificed the life of a very thin patient by telling her that a certain food would make her "th-thick." ^Fublic sqnaresj tommuni*"' a great blessing to} ~" Lsame A NEW LEASE OF LIFE. Jett David'* Third Respite?Division of Public Opinion. Correspondence of Columbia Register. Abbeville, S. C, July 12. To-day bad been set apart for the exe? cution of Jeff. David, and every prepara? tion was made for the same, but bis Ex? cellency tbe Governor, wishing no doubt that ample time and every opportunity should be afforded for tbe development of any mitigating circumstances, again respited the condemned man?this time until the 23d proximo. a BRIEF history of the crime. Early on the evening of Thursday, De? cember 20, 1877, near Simms' Cross Roads, Abbeville County, about 21 miles from this town, Mr. Geo. Franklin and his sister, Miss Drusilla, were foully and brutally murdered with a club. They were both quite old, tbe former being about 69 and the latter 55 years of age, and the old gentleman was slightly paralyzed. They were very quiet and respectable citizens, living almost entire? ly to themselves, and it was not known that they had an enemy in the world. So entirely free were they from suspect? ing any danger, that, although they kept considerable money in the house, they never thought of locking their door at nightfall, or, indeed, at any time. On the evening in question they sat down as usual to their tea, never dreaming for an instant that the assassin's hand was so soon to launch their souls into eternity without the slightest note of warning. They bad hardly begun their frugal re Sast ere the fatal blows were given. Evi entlv, Mr. Franklin was killed by the first blow, as he had fallen upon the floor beside his chair. From spots of blood upon the floor it would appear that Miss Franklin was also struck at the table, but tecovered sufficiently to run to an adjoining room, where she proba? bly received her fatal blow, falling di? rectly across the bed. Their nearest neighbors were a colored family named David, some of whom were raised and were well thought of by the old people., The bloody deed was first made known the next morning, when, as usual, the servant boy, a son of David, about 12 years of age, went to carry fresh water and build a fire for the Franklins. On nearing the house he observed that the door was wide open, and saw Mr. Frank? lin lying on the floor surrounded by a pool of blood. Horror-struck and with? out entering the house, he fled to his home, some two hundred yards distant, and made known his discovery to his parents. They did not proceed to in? vestigate the affair themselves, but im? mediately notified their neighbors, and in a short while quite a number of them were collected in and aronnd the house. Every one in the community was very much excited with the exception of the David family, who went about their usual avocations, evidently as unconcerned as if nothing had happened. It was gen? erally known that the Franklins kept their money in the house, and the object could only have been plunder and rob? bery, as a trunk supposed to contain arti? cles of value was found broken open and bureau drawers pulled ftout and ran? sacked. How much was stolen will never be known, but it is a fact that all was not taken, as various sums in green? backs and gold and silver coin, amount? ing in the aggregate to something over $1,000, were afterwards found iu dif? ferent parts of the house by friends of the family. A jury of inquest was sum . moned, and so strongly did suspicion at? tach to Jeff. -David, Mary David bia wife, John David their son and William But? ler, that they were immediately arrested and lodged in jail to wait trial at the April term of the Court of General Ses? sions for Abbeville County. the trial, conviction and sentence. On the 25th of April last the trial of these parties was begun before T. J. Mackey. A whole day and more than half of a night were consumed in taking evidence, which was wholly circumstan? tial, and hearing arguments of counsel, when the jury retired to consider the case. It was composed of nine white men and three colored. At the expira? tion of about two hours they came into court and gave a verdict of guilty as to Jeff. David and not guilty as to the other parties. A motion was made for a new trial, but it was overruled, and the Judge sentenced the prisoner to be hung on the 17th of May. on the gallows. On the above date, while standing upon the scaffold with his hands and feet Einioned and the black cap over his ead, a respite until the 14th of June was received from the Governor and read to him who a moment later would have been standing face to face with bis Maker. The cap was then removed, his hands and feet made free, and he was re? turned to his cell, more dead than alive. the second respite Was received ten days before the execu? tion was to take place. This gave him until to-day to live, and the old man seemed to hope that during this interval something might transpire by which his sentence would be commuted. But in this so far he has hoped in vain. a third respite. Through the untiring energy of the prisoner's counsel the third respite (as stated in the beginning) was received on Tuesday last, when this fact was made known to him his spirits seemed to re? vive somewhat, and he has been more cheerful ever since. no excitement Had been manifested for the past few days over tbe near approach of an event of such awful magnitude?at least not so much as had generally been the.case be? fore the law abolishing public executions was passed?and but a very small crowd had been anticipated in the village. an interview with the condemned man. Thinking that David might desire to have something published, to the world, I detrained to visit him in his cell. Through the courtesy of Mr. Robert Jones, the polite jailer, I was ushered into the presence of the prisoner. In? forming him that I represented the Co? lombia Register, and would be glad to print any statement he might wish to make, he replied "Yes, sir." He was standing up at the time, but took his chair, placed it near the cell door, sat down, and, with his eyes steadily fixed upon mine, immediately began rather a long but apparently well studied though disconnected story, the sum and sub? stance of which was that he knew no? thing of the matter until the day after the deed was committed, had always been a good man, a member of the church for some fifteen years, during his whole life of nearly 60 years he had loved the white people and loved them even now, would nave protected the aged victims, who were his best friends, against every violence, and grayed to God that he "would rorgive those who^^^jjarged him with thhv'awfal crime {m-m-mnm/?fa ArPEAiTM LEGAL ADVERTISING.?We ate compelled to require cash payment* for advertising ordered by Executors, Administrators and other fiduciaries, and herewith append the rates for the ordinary notices, which will only be inserted whan the money comes with the order: Citations, two Insertions, ? $3.00 Estate Notices, three insertions, - . 240 Final Settlements, five insertions - - 3.60 TO CORRESPONDENTS.?In order to recerre attention, communications must be accompanied by the true nama and address of the writer. Be jected manuscripts will not be returned, unless the necessary stamps are furnished to repay the pottage thereon. 49* We are not responsible for the views and opinions of onr correspondents. All communications should bo addressed to "Ed? itors Intelligencer," and all checks, drafts, money orders, Ac, should be made payable to tbe order of E. B. MURRAY 4 CO., Anderson, 8. C. lite. He has a dark brown complexion. His voice has a twang which is rather unpleasant to tbe ear. His eye is by no means good, yet, unlike many criminals, this he can keep immovably fixed upon one while in conversation. He has a kind of sanctimonious air about him which would lead one to suppose that he had followed preaching for a living. Although he can neither read nor write, yet he is possessed of more intelligence than common for one of his race who has passed most of bis days on the farm. With the exception of his eye, he is rather a respectable looking negro, and from his appearance one would hardly think that he would -take tbe life of his fellow man. He had, so far as I can learn, always borne a fair reputation previous to the murder of the Franklins. WILLING AND PREPARED TO DIE. -In reply to a question if he felt that his Bins were forgiven, he replied in the affirmative, and said he was perfectly willing to die, but did not want to be hung for tbe sins of others. He had but little hope, however, of escaping his ter? rible doom, but felt that when his body returns to dust his soul will be received into the arms of his Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. GOOD HEALTH AND NO TROUBLING DREAMS. David said* his appetite was good and he usually ate very neartily. His gen? eral health was very good, and he was never troubled at night by bad dreams? especially of the dead Franklins. PUBLIC OPINION Is much divided as to the innocence or guilt of the condemned man. I have conversed with the people in several sec? tions of the country on the subject, and find a few who believe he is innocent, some who are undecided, others who think the evidence was hardly strong enough to convict him, while there are still others, and a great majority,'who say he should be hung, and that the Governor leans too far to the side of mercy in so often granting him a new lease of life, fearing that justice may yet be cheated of her own. W. B. McD. A Talk with Senator Patterson. ? Washington, July 14. Senator Patterson, of South Carolina, has just returned from a two weeks' visit to the Camerons, of Pennsylvania. The trip was made without unnecessary noise, for it is said that Governor Hartranft, although again and again besought to do so, wonld not promise not to surrender Patterson on a requisition from the Gov? ernor of South Carolina. It was said during the winter after Patterson's con? valescence from his severe illness that ex Sena! or Simon Cameron had invited him to spend a few weeks with him in quie? tude and rest; that the invitation was accepted, but that Patterson hesitated to make the trip, having heard that a re? quisition would be issued for him to re? turn to South Carolina to answer the six or eight indictments still pending there against him. While the Senator re mams in Washington he cannot be disturbed, being constructively in attendance upon Congress, during which he is protected from arrest under a decision made by the Court here last winter. I met Senator Patterson on the street corner yesterday. He was waiting for a car. I accosted him with: "How are you, senator ? Where have you been so long?" "0, I've been up in Pennsylvania, vis? iting^ the Camerons. Had a splendid time." "How long were you gone?" "A little over two weeks. I was at the old man's farm at Donegal, and also at Lochiel." "How is the old senator?" ?'0, he's as gay as a rooster. Never saw him looking better. His health is first-rate. He is very happy, and damns the Administration like the rest of us." "Does Don damn it, too?" "0, yes, he never has liked it, you know. I tell you this crowd up in the White House hasn't got any friends any? where. I didn't find any in Pennsyl? vania." "Well Senator, how is the political situation in Pennsylvania ?" I asked. "The Bepublicans say they will carry the State, and I am disposed to think they will. The Democrats, however, say they will carry it. The Bepublicans will make a big fight." "What are Don's chances for re-elec? tion?" "They are very good. It will cost him a heap of money, though." "How is that ?" "Oh I these Nationals as raising thun? der up there. But then Don can get them even if any of them do get into the Legislature." ?*Bow?" "Well, 1 don't care to talk about it; but you know such a movement is likely to send a ? certain kind of people to the surface, and in a large movement like this a few of a certain kind will get into tbe Legislature. The Nationals don't scare Don any. But his election will probably cost him a good deal of money. But he don't mind it. By thunder, there goes my car! Good by." ? Let the American people proclaim as their resolves : First?That they will have free elections in all the States, un? disturbed and unawed by Federal inter? ference, civil or military. Second?The verdict of the people rendered at the polls shall be faithfully recorded and shall be accepted and obeyed. Third? That the men or the party who shall stand in the way of these resolves shall be withered by the wrath of an honest people who love civil liberty as enshrined in republican institutions and intend to preserve it for themselves and their posterity.?Senator Bayard of Delaware. ? The greatest failure of the year is the new silver dollar. The coinage prog? resses at the rate of two million a month, with a total product thus far of $9,000,000, nearly all of which is still piled up in the Treasury vaults at Washington and New York. The present anxiety of the authorities, finding that this burdensome coin cannot be forced into circulation, is to have it safely warehoused. To that end a vault, burglar proof, with metallic lining, 47x28 inside, and 12 feet high, is being built at New York, in which to "store" the productions of the mint ? "What we waut is work and pay for it," said the tramp. "What kind of work ?" asked a by-stander. "Unloading schooners," replied the incipient Com? munist?"beer schooners." ? A little Cincinnati girl, when asked what God had made her for, replied, "To wear a red fedder in my hat." Many an-..: older person of her sex has, to all ap? pearances, pretty much the same concep? tion of] Heaven's designs. ^living- cannot be indt