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many to the City or Charleston is forty-elglit dollars. ?? _ We have also examined the Rev. Tllman E. Galues, who stated that he has recently Intro? duced about 40.1 immigrants: that he has an ot ffce in Canal street, New York; and that he has upon his books orders for over S?o immigrants. That he can send 1,000 select immigrants to this State every week if supplied with the money. That It will cost $20 per capita tor adults, aud $15 for children from Castle Garden to any por? tion of this State. He states that English im? migrants express a (decided preference to come South. That large numbers of citizens in the "Northern States are desirous of coming to this State, and wish to come In colonies and purchase cheap lands. We have also learned that Maj. Bradley, of Abbeville County; John II. Davis, of Laurens; Capu E. P. West, of Fdgefleld, and others, have Introduced large numbers of immi? grants, swelling the aggregate number of new comers Into our "State to nearly 2,000. The mam obstacles that ""have presented themselves to those engaged In this praise? worthy work, has been to overcome the preju? dices that have been studiously infused into the minds of the Immigrants In the Old World and In this country by the Immigrant agents of the Northwest against the ent ire south, misrepre? senting the spirit of our people towards the im? migrants, the cheapness of our bind, the fertility 01 our soli and the health and mildness of our climate. They have lines of steamers running from New York City to Liverpool and Bremen. They have also secured the influence of the Bal? timore and Ohio Katlroad. the Pennsylvania Central, and other great railroad corporations. Theie roads pay a bouus of $10 In land for each immigrant. They charge the immigrant one cent per mile over their roads, and also sell the immigrant land for $10 per acre which cost them $1 25 per acre. We can compete successfully with these lines ot steamers by starting a line between Charleston and Liverpool or Bremen. The railroads In this State should transport the immigrant at the lowest possible cost, for they will be paid in the future by the transportation of the products of their labor. A country that is for nearly hair the year covered with snow, aud lu which the laborer is compelled to consume In the winter what he has made In the spring and- summer months, cannot rival auch a climate as ours where they can work in the open air Irom vear to year, when their prej? udices are dispelled and the real advantages of our country are made known to tho Immigrants. ? The average value of the lands in the North and Northwest is about $40 per acre, while In the South It Is only $3 36 per acre. We grow all the cereals, and make short and long staple cotton with rice?the best market crops in the world. It is deemed bv your committee of the greatest Importance that immigrants should be settled in the most healthy portions of the suite; that they should be treated with the great? est kindness; that every one should guard them from the practices of the sharper; that they should be provided with good houaes; that churches should be erected for them, and that school-houses should be estab? lished for the education or their children. It must be remembered that they have been ae customed to a different diet from that which we have been accustomed to allow the negro la? borer; that a Deck or meal and tliree pounds of bacon is not ? suitable diet for them, and that !C would tend to disgust and dissatisfy them. The advantages that will accrue to us from the Intro ductii >n or white immigrants can hardly oe esti? mated, uur lands, should we give them every alternate section, will be more than quadrupled in value. The aggregate white vote or this suite does not exceed 50,oou; pro rau the houest col? ored vote should not exceed thirty per cent, more, which would require us to overcome a ma? jority of about 1s,000 at the ballot-box. If we Introduce is.ooo immigrants who will have an Interest in the development of the State it would save the State from the ruinous expen? ditures which are represented as its current expenses. For Instance the expenses of the State government in 1SG5-CC were S2C6,24S 14, andlnt8?3, $1,717,31S <?o. Yet with this enor? mous expenditure there still remains adetlclency ef 3>54<',*MS. If the State was in the hands or honest officials these enormities would be cor? rected, and ma rew years the present expendi? tures of the State would be reduced again to the basis or 1S85-G6. There are now ten conntles In this State with white majorities, and there ai e twelve others which with the introduction of a few hundred immigrants and a Arm and united elTortonthepartorthe white voters might be -added to the list which would give us such a representation In the General Assembly as would place taxation in the hands or honest officials. The committee beg leave to submit the rollowing plan for regulating the introduc? tion of hnmfgrants to this State, a modification of the plan submitted by Mr. S. W. Maurice, 01 "Williamsburg: Revolted, That this Convention do at once establish a bureau of immigration, to consist ot one commissioner ror the suite at large and one commissioner rcr each county In the State, to -^Breslde at qr near the county seat. Resolved, That the said comm!tsioners of Immi? gration shall be elected by this Convention as soon arter the adoption or these resolutions as may be round convenient. Resolved, That it shall be the duty of the com? missioner at large, in connection with such as? sistants and agencies as he may see lit to estab? lish and appoint m the City or New York and elsewhere, and or any other means which in his own Judgment may be calculated to effect the object to Induce, promote and encourage white immigration to this suite. He shall also, from time to time, as he may deem necessary, publish a statement of such advantages as the State offers in soil, climate, productions, social Improvements, &c, to the industrious, honest and frugal white immigrant, no matter from what State or country he comes. Resolved. That the said commissioner, assisted in the several counties by the local commission? ers, shall be specially charged with the protec? tion of the immigrants In the. proper selection or their lauds, In the procurement of transpor? tation, In the guarding them against fraud, chicanery and peculation, In their temporary lo catlon.'ln proper and reasonable places or board and lodging on their arrival, and In making all such regulations and provisions as may in any manner be necessary or conducive to their wel? fare. Resolved, That it shall be th'j duty of each eounty coinmlssloner of Immigration to call a meeting of the citizens or his county who are in favor of white Immigration, to be held at the courthouse or his county on the first Monday In March nroximo, and lay berore them the subject and importance or immigration, and, ir possible, effect a permanent organization to act In con? cert with and as an auxiliary to the commis? sioner for the State atkvge, and to take such " furrher st^ps as may be deemed advisable to promote the object in view. Rejoiced, That it shall be the duty or the said .county commissioner or immigration to ascer? tain from tho landowners or his county what lands are to be sold or given away, as the case may be, and If ror sale, at what terms, and to take down and preserve for reference a brier description and the location thereor, and report the same from time to time to the commissioner lor the State at large, so that when immigrants arrive in the county they may at once oe pro Tided for. It shall also be his dur.v to collect such contributions in money trom the citizens for the promotion or the cause of immigration as they may be willing to contribute, and fonh wlth turn the same over to ihe commissioner at large, uiking his receipt for the same. Resolved, That the commissioner at large shall give bond, with good security, in the sum of ? $5,000, conditioned, tor the falthrui discharge or the duties of his office, the bond to be approved [ by the president of this Convention, and made payable to him In trust ror the bent-fit or all per . 8onswho may contribute anv money under the preceding resolution. Resolved; That the commissioner ror the state at large shall have his actual printing expenses paid, and receive an annual salary of $1,200. KEHABKS OF GEN. 31. W. OART. ?Gen. Gary supplemented the report with an able aud eloquent speech. He eaid that, when he l6ft home, ho had uo intention of taking a prominent part in tho deliberations of tnis body, but he regarded the subject of immigra? tion as one of the most important questions before the Convention, and ho would, there? fore, aek tho Convention to allow 1dm to occupy a few moments of their lime. He then reviewed briefly but forcibly the history of reconstruction in South Carolina. The Cuion Reform Tarty experiment, he said, had demon? strated very, clearly that tho white people of the State could not induce the negroes to vote with them. As to the propriety of refusing to pay tho taxes, he contended that it would bring about a revolution in which the general government would have to lend its power and liiilueuce to tho State gov? ernment, and he, for one, was opposed to vio? lence against the laws of the l?ntL [ Applause | Tho sympathies of tho Northern people, he said, would uot remove the negro majority in South Carolina. Ho thought that thero was something in our misfortunes that was not un pleasing to our friends in the North. The main reliance of tho honest people of this State, ho said, must be in themselves. The ne? gro has a voting majority over the white pec Ele of about 15,000. The only resource of the itter is to overcomo this" majority, it in useless to attempt to indict the thieves. The machinery of tho law is in such a condition as to preclude the possibility of a conviction. Even if conviction wero possible, the thieves ? had a friend in Governor Moses, who never yet wont back on them. 8u I would always be ready to pardon them. Ho did uot belies'e that tho negro was arrayed against us as Democrats, but as agaiust the white man. It was entirely A QUESTION OF RACE. God had made several races of men,and while he (the speaker,) was not prepared to explain why it was, it was certain that God had destined the Caucasian race to nilo the other, and if the white men of thie Stato would accept the issue that the negroes had forced upon them, and bo true to themselves, they could speedily re- ! licve themselves from their troubles. The great trouble was that tho white men did not unite among themselves. Immigration was, in his opinion, tho most 'practicable plan of re- | lief, lie, for one. was unwilling to knock at the door of the White House and ask Grant : .for any favor. Congress itself bad bcon guilty of transactions which should muke its name j stink iu the nostrils of every honost man iu j t'io world, and ho was not disposed to waste i bis time in a fruitless appeal to Congress. He i confessed that he did not expect | BEAST BUTLEK, one of the chief thieves in Congress, to go back on his fellow thieves of lesser light in South Carolina. He then dwelt upon the im? portance of encouraging immigration. He was willing to give or sell Iiis lands to immigrants, and he tirmly believed that it was possible to bring immigrants enough here to overcome the negro majorities at the ballot-box. The eman? cipation of the slaves had been a blessing in disguise. The material development of the re? sources of the State, since the war. had been wonderful, despite the iniquities of the State government, and tho completion of the rail? road connection between ** CHAULESTOX AND CHICAGO would increase our prosperity a hundred fold. But we must unite among ourselves, stop groaning and complaining, and go to work to redeem tho Stato by inviting white immigrants to come among us and settle. He believed in the dominance of the white race, and would do all in his power to restore it: not for tho pur Eose of oppressing tho negro, but to protect i6 self-respect and restore his race to their natural rights. MR. B. P. CHATFIELD, of Aiken. thought the question of taxation was the subject to which the Convention should address itself most earnestly. It was not the amount of the taxes that was our trouble. It was the way in which the money was spent. If the money wrung from the taxpayers was legitimateh*'spent in some way that would benetit the'State, wo could stand the amount. He did not deem it expedient to resist the pay? ment of tho taxes entirely. Tho kind of immi? gration that is wanted in South Carolina is that of men who have means to buy lands and be? come taxpayers. We don't want laborers to whom wo will have to give lands. They must buy the lauds, and then they will value it. [Applause.] In his opinion it was a vain hope to endeavor to change the goverment by bringing white laborers into the State. There was.'in Iiis jugment, a useful element of labor in the South." better adapted to the climate than any labor that could be introduced in the next twenty-five years. The best plan to be pursued, he thought, was to make the colored iaborers taxpayers aud sharers in the burden of the taxes, in this way the colored people could bo mado an element of strength in the community. While, therefore, he would en? courage every white laborer that came to South Carolina, he "would also encourage the colored labor that is with us. THE VIEWS OF A COLORED DELEGATE. Mr. J. M. Peuseel, a colored delegate from Colleton, said that the colored people of his county wero oppressed with tho heavy taxes, and were ready to join in any method for re? lief, and ho trusted that the Convention would address itself to that question alone. A DELUDED AND DECEIVED RACE. Mr. G. A. Trenholm, of Charleston, said that he was sorry to see that the question of race and color had been iutroduced in the discus? sion. Ho was hero as the representative of tho taxpayers, both white and colored, and it was his honest conviction that there was no class in the community upon whom th? bur? dens of taxation rested more heavily than upon the colored people. He considered that the property-holders of the State wore the most sincere "friends tho black man had. [ Applause. J There wero many of them to whom he had stood in the relation of master and slavo, and tho good feeling that had arisen from that relation had never been disturbed. The col? ored peoplo, ho said, were innocent of the burdens that had been put upon them and us. They were deceived and duped by bad and designing men. The white men had everything?intelligence., wealth and friends, while the colored people wero reduced to tho lowest depths of degradation to which they had ever reached. They had only been tho tools of designing men, who had used them to force this government upon us. but they wero not benefited by it. The whole legisla? tion of the State was calculated to press them lower down into the depths of degradation, and bind them faster in the bonds in which they are now held. They wero denied the privilege of purchasing lands and becomiug taxpayers by tho very State Government that they had assisted* in foisting on us. Tho land that is confiscated by heavy taxation does not go to the black man. The Stato is obliged to take it, aud it benefits nobody. He (tho speaker | had nothing to say againf t immigration: but he hoped, by tho blessing of God, that when im? migration flows in, and voters come in in suffi? cient numbers to give us a control'i.ig influence in the government of tho State, one of the first measures that will bo considered will be one to ameliorate tho condition of the colored labor of the country. [Applause.] THE RIGHT KIND OF IMMIGRANTS. Mr. J. E. Tindall. of Clarendon, moved that the report be recommitted to the committee. Ho thought our ultimate object was to secure a permanent honest government, and it could not bo gained by the introduction of paupers, merely to vote. Our difficulty was universal suffrage. The uegi x as a general thing, was as good as most other laborers: and while they were not entirely free from blame for the fast? ening of this odious government upon us, still he did not think that tho peculiar kind of im migration sought after would better our con? dition. Gen. Gary replied that tho report did not contemplate the introduction of any such immi? grants as had been alluded to by tho previous speaker; but be was willing to amend tho re? port in any way to meet tho views of the ma? jority of the delegates. After some further debate, participated in by Mr. W. M. Lawton aud others, the resolutions coutaiued in the report were adopted, and tho report itself referred back to tho committee for amendment. In the afternoon session it was again submitted in the form given abovo and adopted. The Convention at three o'clock took a recess until four P. M. The Afternoon Session. Tho Convention met again at four P. M. The committee appointed to draw up A MEMORIAL TO CONORESS, submitted tho following, which was adopted: To Uw Senate and House of Representatives of (he Congress of the United Stales: The memorial of the taxpayers and other citizens of South Carolina respectfully show eth that upon tho reconstruction of tho State government and the admission of senators and representatives into the Congress of the United States, it was doubtless intended by Congress, as it was expected by them, that thcy would become partakers in the rights enjoyed by citi? zens of the United States and other State gov? ernments. Tho history of the country teaches that taxation without representation is tyranny. Our revolutionary fathers had combined to re? sist such tyrauuy, and we feel assured that it was never the intention of the sous of these men to allow this very system to bo fastened upon any of their fellow-citizens. It has, nevertheless, come to pass that the govern? ment established in South Carolina under the legislation of Congress has been mado tho I instrument of effecting this monstrous oppres? sion. That department of the Stato Govern? ment which exercises tho taxing power is ad? ministered by those who own a mere fraction of tho property of the State. Seven years have elapsed since tho reconstruction of the Stato Government, and during that period, of tho property taxed, a majority of the members of tho Legislature owned no portion whatsoever, aud tho remaining members owned ho little that their pay as members counterbalances their entire interest as property-holders. The result is that those owning the property have no voice in tho gov? ernment, and those imposing tho taxes no share in the burden thereof. Tho taxes have, advanced yearly until in many cases they con? sume morb than one-half of the income from the property taxed. Tho annual expenses of tho government havo advanced from 3400, 000 before tho war up to $2,000,000 at tho present time. Tho following comparison of leading items of expenditure will best exhibit the change: lHG?-'G?. 1873. BwarieB.3 76,481 63 $ 280.797 89 Public Printing. 17,44? 66 331,945 WS Legislative Expeu *0B ??????. 51,337 00 291,339 47 Public Asylums_ 25,897 00 128.432 11 Contingent Funds.. 6,002 00 75,033 75 Sundries. 83,413 31 298.GG8 85 8260,663 50 81,356,217 23 Deficiencies. 540,328 00 I Total.$260.668 50 01,896.545 23 Tho facts exhibit tho unprecedented spocta-1 cle of a Stato in which tho government is ar rayed against tho property of itrf citizens, it j has been openly avowed by prominent mem? bers of tho Legislature that tho taxes should be increased to a point which will compel the j salo of tho great body of tho land, and take it : away from its former owners. The fruit of this policy :s shown in tho fact, stated by tho ! comptroller-general in Iuh official report! that j for default in tho payment of taxes for tho ' year 1872 alone, 268.523 acres of laud wero for- ; feited to the State, and this result proves tho fallacy of the belief that, tho policy pursued promotes the elevation of tho black population, and tho acquisition by them of the lauds thus virtually confiscated. Tho reverso is tho nee essaryresult. Laml? are unavailable as secur? ity. Mortgagees, in default of payment, cannot sell. Wages have declined. The coat of living is mado greater by tho addition of tho taxes to the price of commodities. Tho poor aro mado poorer and rendered every day moro in? capable of purchasing lands and moro hopeless of rising above their condition of mere labor? ers. It would havo ameliorated the condition of your petitioners if the effect of this policy had been to creato an active demand for lands on the part of this large class of our popula? tion, but while the owners are, by oppressive taxation, drivou to sell, others, for the same reason, are disqualified from buying. The abuses in the legislative department, that have been described, are not confined to the moro raising and expenditure of revenue, but they pervade the entire conduct ofthat department. Schemes have been devised for issuing State bonds and for contracting other loans, by which tho public debt has. iu six years, been raised* from live millions dollars to sixteen million dollajs, aud that without advancing any public work, adding one dollar to the public properly, or to the payment of t he public debt. Large as the sum ofthe public debt is admitted tobe, there is reason to believe it does not. reach tho true amount. It is found impossible to ascertain tho actual sum of the obligations that havo been issued. Schemes of public plunder havo been openly advanced by corrupt measures, of which one single example will suffice: Two clerks of the Legislature, iu their official capa? city, made contracts with themselves as private persons for the public printing. The appro? priations mado in one year fortho work done, or to be done, bv these two officials amounted to ?475,000, exclusive of $100,000 for publishing tho laws, and in the fiscal year 1 S7.J there was actually paid to them for printing $331,000, lea ving a large sum still duo to them by the State. And this, notwithstanding the avowal of the two officials themselves that the work done was worth no more than 8100,000, and the testi? mony of others that its value was only $30.000. The "stupendous fraud involved in this and sim? ilar modes of making the legitimate objects of public expenditure the medium of plundering the treasury, cannot bo better illustrated than by tho following facts: Tho total appropria? tions for public printing mado by the Legisla? ture of South Carolina during a period of sixty years, from 1800 to 1S?9, is $271,180; du? ring the last year tho amount actually expended for public printing by the present Legislature was $331,015. That is $60,703 moro than it cost the State for sixty years before tho war. Committees have received largo sums for com? pensation for reporting favorably on private bills, aud strong reasons exist for believing that a large amount of State bank bills, funded by tlio State to discharge her liability, have been reissued by those entrusted by the*Legis? lature with the duty of the cancellation. In the judiciary department evils equally grievous have been produced. Under the present State government, the judges hold their offices for short terms, and their continuance in office de? pends upon the caprices of the legislators. Tho result is that tho duties of their high office aro discharged under influences and responsi? bilities necessarily adverse to the independent and pure administration of public justice. Tho jurors, moreover, arc selected by three officials, of whom two are tho appointees of the Gov? ernor. Tho consequence is, that the defeat of an obnoxious litigant may lie made certain by the selection of the jury, or, if no special ob? ject be contemplated by theso officials, the choice is frequently made, of men unable to either read or write, simply to bestow upon them the patronage of their small pay, In cither case, the ends of justice are defeated. In the Execu? tive department all these evils culminate. It is openly asserted and believed that offices are the subject of barter, and tho manner in which such otficesare administered proves that quali? fication has little influence in tho appointment. In matters under the control of a single indi? vidual it is difficult to prove corruption: but there is one stato of facts that always should stand for proof. A large expenditure of money by an olficial who is without any estate, and re? ceives but a small salary, establishes beyond a doubt that tho money must come from some irregular or illegal source. On this principle the two Governors elected under tho pres? ent constitution stand condemned in public opinion. To detect and punish these crimes is impossible. The Governor controls the avenues of justice. Indeed, tho entire system is one of self-sustaining and self-pro? tecting corruption. In most of the States there might be some chance of redress through the ballot box: but here again the State govern? ment interposes au insuperable barrier. The elections are conducted by persons appointed in the interest of the officials, and the returns are under the absolute control of the parties in power. Under such circumstances voting is a form and elections a mockery. Suffering under such grievances aud despair? ing of relief from tho State government, your memorialists come respectfully to your honor aide bodies for a redress. The government which thus oppresses us was virtually estab? lished by Congress; and while we believe they did not foresee the evils to which it has given rise, wo cannot doubt that, they will assist in removing them so soon as tho are satisfied of their existence. All that we have asserted is capable of proof: but. knowing as wo do that tho evils of which wo complain are certain in their existence, and aro more likely to increase than diminish, your memorialists most earnestly ask your aid in providing the proper redress und relief. The Convention, then, on motion of Mr. E. E. Sell, of Charleston, proceeded to the election of a commissioner of immigration for the State at largo under tho resolutions re? ported by tho committee on immigration. Mr. Sell announced that tho committee took great pleasure in nominating Maj. Franz Melchcrs, of Charleston, for the position, and that gen? tleman accordingly received Ute unanimous tote of the Convention. On motion of Mr. S. P. Hamilton, of Chester, a committee was ap? pointed to lay before the speaker of the House and president of the Senate of South Carolina tho resolutions contained iu the following re? port of tho committee on Increased Taxation, which was presented at the time by Col. C. H. Simonlon: The committee on the canscs or Increase of State and municipal taxation and the mode and measure of relief therefor, beg leave to report: The commit tee being composed of members from every county In the Mate have had bet?re them full and detailed statements as to the man? ner of assessing and enforcing the heavy taxes which our people have been called upon to pay. Neither time nor space would permit the re? cital of the particular cases which have been brought *o their attention. In all the couuties of the State the taxpuyers are subject, to the arbitrary regulation Ot the county auditor and of the board of equalization, governed In many Instances by one motive only, ihe raising of us much money as posible. In the majority of the counties, through the action oi the county nudl tors or the board or equalization, under the In Uuence It is supposed of the comptroller general, property, especially property in land, has been usscsecd at values' fur exceeding those ruling at any period In the history ot the State. In sonic of the coun? ties, notably in the counties of .Marion, ehester, Union and Newberry, the rate oi taxation grow? ing out. of this assessment Is really confiscation. These facts and others of like character aro worth tho knowledge or every member of the Convention. They go to prove thai the great cause of llie enormous increase in the Slate and municipal taxation arises from the absence of any proper representation or the taxpayers iu the General Assembly oi the State. The practi? cal operation of our Institutions has placed all power In the bonds ot those who pay no taxes, and they have no interest in resisting extrava? gance and rraud. The Immediate causes of tins increase hi taxation are to be found in the law under which taxes arc assessed and levied, ami the Ignorance, caprice, partiality ami fraud in which the law Isuuinlnlsterrd. The tax law uf the state Is cumbrous, obscure and Intricate, in order to comprehend it ability of no common order Is required, its execution with justice and Impartiality is Impossible. n, |s administered by uppoimces oi the Executive m the State?men selected most frequently solely from considerat ions ol party, with no regard to qualifications for olllce. h lioae Interest lie in the direct ion ot Llic increase >f taxation, and who will have no motive to proteel the Interests of the taxpay ers. The assessments are made wil li oul discrimination between productive and un? productive properly, and in many cases wltlioui any knowledge hi the property assessed, ven frequently in secret, and the law soei s to afford no oi her redress for fraud, mistake or partiality in the assessment, except f 1 a * ? arbitrary will or the comptroller-general. Hur, apart from and I above this, the Increase in the burden or taxa? tion is owing directly and Immediately lo the j extravagance, fraud and dishonesty which pre-I vaiis to such an extent, among the Male and, county officials. The wasteful expenditure of tho pubik money by those highest in au? thority ihe peculations openly practiced and the iratids perpetrated upon the Slain treasury by many or the countv and state ofll eluls, the abuse of the authority ot ihe Legisla? ture, ihe jobs oi ihe many rings which uang around the body politic, make such Inroads upon the finances ol the htate thai they cannol be met, except by enormous taxation. All the available assets of the state have been disposed j Ol and wasted. The credit of I he slate has been utterly ruined, and the ability or the taxpayers U> pay Is now the only source whence the pub? lic plunderers ean draw their ill-gotten gains. Corruption lias so deeply tainted nearly nil tho departments of the government that thoso offi? cers who would be honest, find themselves pow? erless in resisting it. Extending through nearly I every county, supported by so many who draw I from It their only resource, we readily recognize the chief and present cause ofthe evils which1 oppress the State, and which have brought the taxpayers or the state to I lie limit of endurance. The remedy, in the opinion ot the committee, Is within the reach of the taxpayers. They have fall contldence in the Justice and in the ability of the General Government. They enter? tain the confident expectation that the me? morial or this Convention to be presented to t tic congress of the United States and through congress to the nation, opens to us a way or de? liverance. But while the committee feel great confidence in this opinion t hey are also deeply Impressed with the necessity for action on the part of the taxpayers themselves. Every efforl insecure for us the restoration or the enforce? ment or rights within the State, and through the machinery or the state government should be exhausted. There must exist thorough organi? zation, andactlvc, unt Irlngand disciplined effort, vigilmce, firmness, perseverance, must charac? terize and control their conduct. To this end the committee recommend the following resolu? tions : Resolved, That in this State taxation has reached the last point of endurance, aud that, the taxpayers cannot continue to bear the ex? cessive Durdens imposed upon thein. liesolced, That the most eillcient steps be taken for organizing in every county, township and precinct in the State a Taxpayers' Union, to membership in which each taxpayer shall be eligible, the object or which shall be the reduc? tion or taxation to the legitimate amount neces? sary tor the administration of the government und the honest expenditure or the money raised thereby. Resolved, That, among Its duties, the Taxpay? ers' Ciilon shall keep watch upon the acts or the State and county officers, and shall promote all proper legal" measures for repressing and pun? ishing fraud, extravagance and malpractice. Resolved, That this convention hereby request the General Assembly that they will amend, simplify aud abridge the tax laws or the state, especially that they will so amend the law as to secure a fair and equal assessment ot property, and to enable any Citizen who has been over assessed to apply to the courts for redress be ri ?re he IS rorced to pay the tax. A Memorial to the State Legislature. Gen. Chesnut. chairman of the executive committee, then submitted tho following reso? lutions from that committee, and advocated their adoption : Resolem, That a committee of live be ap? pointed to represent tho Taxpayers' Conven? tion in presenting to tho General Assembly such grievances arising from tho operation of laws heretofore passed or growing out of an inadequate protection for tho minority by legis? lation not adapted to our real wants, and among other things, to urge the accomplish? ment of the objects named below, to wit: First, to direct tho attention of the General Assembly to the requirement of section :l article 8 of the constitution of this State, which declares that it shall be the duty of tho Gen? eral Assembly to provide from to time for the registration "of all electors, which provision has been totally disregarded in tho past. Second, that "proportional representation would tend to remove much of the dissatisfaction now existing, whereby com? plaint is most reasonably urged that a large proportion of property-holders and taxpayer.-, of the Stato are practically debarred from rep? resentation in the General Assembly, aud that the adoption of the cumulative system of voting would tend to secure a fair representa? tion of tho minority: and to this end would in? voke the General Assembly to give an early and earnest consideration to the subject, with a view of applying this system in the conduct of the Slate election next fall. Third, that the provision of the constitution (Section 21. Article 4,1 in relation to the election of justices of the peace and constables by the people should be complied with by the General As? sembly, and that it should bo urged to give the election of these oilicers to the qualified elec? tors at the earliest day practicable, instead of the appointme.it of trial justices by the execu? tive. Gen. Chesnut was followed bv Mr. Scrcven, of Beaufort, who explained the character of the resolutions, and contended that their adoption would at least prove that the Con? vention had exhausted all remedies before ap? plying elsewhere for rehef. The resolutions excluded nothing. IIo then proceeded to show the practical advantage.-? of cumulative voting as giving representation to every community and protection to capital. a touching appeal. Mr. Galtucbat, of Clarendon, thought thai the Legislature was tho constituted authority of the laud, and it was our duty to go to the Legislature, so that when wo go to Congress they may know that, wo have exhausted every means in our power. Admitting that we may be treated with contempt even, be urged that it was our duty to do everything inj our power to save the State in this way. Mr. John Wallace, of Fairtield. did not feel disposed to compliment the Legislature by conferring with them. Mr. Chattieid thought the executive commit? tee had struck the key-note of success. They wero begin.uug the work of reform a!, home. Gen.Kershaw was in favor id' the resolu? tions, but he desired to have the sense of the Convention upon the question as to whether it was ready to commit itself to the system of cumulative voting. He regarded the present condition of affairs as only temporary, aud it was questionable whether it would be right t.> encumber our future with circumstances that might be embarrassing. He. therefore, moved to strike out that portion of the report which referred to cumulative voting. a lieekal view. Gen. Chesnut defended tho resolution in an elaborate address, in which he demonstrated the benefits which would accrue to both races by the introduction of tho cumulative system of voting in this State. It was not an experi? ment, ho contended, and was not made only because of our pvesent deplorablo condition. It was a grand system; a step in advance to the foundation of pel feet civil liberty. If he were the mouthpiece to-night of an unquestioned majority, ho would le id his voice and influence to engraft it upon tho constitution to protect minorities. [Applause.] Ho was for propor? tional representatio i. because it waa an im? provement in the civil polity of the country. Judge Aldrich cud t hat what was proposed in tho matter of cumulative voting did not con? template a change in tho constitution, but an act of tho General Assembly which, if required by tho public good, can bo repealed at any time. In conclusion, ho moved that when tin Convention adjourns it adjourn to meet at It) A. M. to-morrow, which was adopted. Gen. Kershaw thought his colleague < Gen. Chesnut) had been led astray by glittering gen? eralities. Would not the loss, on one bide, be as great :is the other ? lie had always under? stood that it was a constitutional question. At this stage the proceedings were interrupt? ed by a motion to adjourn, which was adopted. The Convention accordingly adjourned until ten o'clock to-morrow morning. TUE CLOSISG DAT. I Organixation of Tax Unions Through? out the State?Investigating Ilie Bunk <>r the stute?The Plan of Organiza? tion?Stirring Speeches by Judge Aid rich and Mr. Thompson?Closing Ad? dress of President Porter. columjua, S. C. FnrDAV, February 2D. In tho Taxpayers' Convention this morning tho following resolution, offered by Col. Lathers, was considered and adopted: Rcsolc&l, That tho executive committee, with the president, shall have it in charge to protect the interest represented by this Con? vention in tho interval of adjournment, to , keep in view the current legislati m of the Lcg ' islature. and to call tho Convention together at ' such time as they may deem expedient. On motion of the same delegate, tho presi? dent of the Convention was authorized to till [any vacancies that might occur in tho com? mittee. county commissioners of immigration. On motion of Mr. S. W. Mam ice. the delc , gations from the various counties in the State were authorized to elect a county commis ! sinner of immigration for their respective counties, as provided for in the report on itu : migration adopted on Thursday. The resolu? tions submitted by tho executive committee, j which wero under discussion when the con ' volition adjourned last night, were then taken ! up and passed. the hank of the state. Gen. Chesnut, chairman of the executive ! committee, then called up the resolution of ? .Mr. ('. K. Miles, providing for the appointment i of a special committee to investigate the affairs ' of the Uauk of the State, and the resolution , was ado*pted. providing that the report of the | committee should be submitted to. mid have I the sanction of. the executive committee before I it was published as a part of the ollicial pro? ceedings of tho Convention. The following delegates wero named as tin.mmittec to con? duct the investigation: C. It. Miles, A. Ihirt, John Bratlon, Cadwolodor Jones and Johnson Hagood. The Convention then took a recess until 12 M. DECEIVED BONDHOLDERS. Cpon the reassembling of the Convention the j president road the following letter: New York, February 13, IS74. , Iktar air?The undersigned, bondholders of the State or South Carolina, desire, respectfully, to submit their cause to the consideration or ti e Taxpayers' Convention. Having- bought our bonds a! a time when no suspicion of fraud or corruprlon existed in the public rnlnd, we re? spectfully protest, against any Idea of repudia? tion or reduction of our just claims being enter? tained by your honorable body. We bou"ht our bonds In good ralth, being induced to do so by public stat ements, made and signed by < lovernor Scott and Treasurer Parker, the highest officials in the state. Ai thai Urne the credit of the State oi south Carolina stood high even with the finan? cial Institutions of the North, and the subscri? bers know that three of tiie savings banks of New \ ork bought a large amount of your bonds, and still hold the same. We are all worklngmen, and nol speculators by any means, and have al? ready lost considerably by default or three or lour years' interest. Yours. Sx, F. Kokwan*, and others. On this, Col. McMaster offered the follow? ing, which was adopted: liezolceiby this Convention, That when the honest people of South Carolina control the government, they will do what is just, fair aud equitable among its creditors. THE TAX UNIONS. Judge Aldrich. in behalf of the executive committee, submitted the following report up? on the subject of organizing the taxpayers of the State: Your committee have considered the subject. :md concluded that the most effectual mode of action Is that suggested In the resolutions re? ferred?that Is, to collect the pr, ofs and conduct the prosecutions that will put on record the evi? dence ol the frauds and spoliations which have made this Convention a necessity. It may be that, tinder our present system. It will h ? diffi? cult to.secure convictions, but at least the evi? dence will be pui on record, and may be used to convince the Congress and the American people or the wrongs and outrages tu which we arc sub? jected. Hence the necessity or an earnest effort to make a case that will prove to the country how great are our wrongs, how perfect has been uur endurance, how just Is our appeal, and how necessary it Isthat congress shall interfere to preserve the character and vindicate the civiliza? tion or the State and the Union. To do this, each man in the community must lend his aid. Public meetings and conventions can do little more than direct, public opinion and suggest modes of redress. If the necessity which calls the convention into being is not of sufficient Im? portance to arouse the people to a constant ef? fort to carry out their recommendations, either the evils are not so great as they are represent? ed, or the people are not worthy or the efforts made in their behalf. Your committee are fully convinced of the deep feeling which now stirs the public heart, and believe that it only requires Judicious ef fort to keep alive and put in active operation all the energies or the taxpayers and honest citizens or both races and all parties, to relieve the State from the burdens and inundations which threaten to destroy not only her prosperity, bur. her very existence. This iS not a question of party and race, but. or Slate preservation, ap? pealing to the pride and patriotism Of every citi? zen, und In vr?tch nil good men can work to? gether. Nothing, however, can be effected without organization, and the mode euggested In the resolutions appears to be the most simple aud effective. Ihe suggestion as to the formation of Tax Unions appears to your committee to be the most efficient plan, and is heartily recommended to the favorable consideration or all honest and virtuous citizens. We earnestly hope that all the citizens of rhe State, white and colored, without reference to party, who are willing to co-operate In this movement of retonn, will join these unions and actively use their influence to restore an honest administration of the govern? ment and relieve the people from the ('rushing Ii irdcn or taxation under which they now groan. To do this requires earnest work, aud each citi? zen must contribute to the necessary expense of effecting this much needed reformation. It will rake bin a small percentage of the taxes annu? ally collected and used by the corrupt govern? ment that oppresses us to perpetuate their power to carry out the purpose under considera? tion. If the taxpayers arc really in earnest, they must not only be linn and active, but prompt and liberal In furnishing the supplies. Prosecutions In the courts cannot be conducted without money, and, unless the means be sup piled, the whole object or the organization will be a rail ure. Your committee cannot, undertake, at this lime, to drart constitutions and rules tor the efficient working or the Tax Unions, and have, therefore, commuted that duty to asub-commlD teo. who will distribute the same when com? pleted. The committee recommend the adoption of the following resolutions: UmiImI, That the executive committee be em? powered to prepare a system or orguulzatlou of l ax Unions throughout the state, with authori? ty to rake all necessary steps ror carrying the same into effect. Htvileed, That the delegations from the several counties represented in this convention be con? stituted committees Tor their respective coun? ties, and charged With the duty of organizing lax Unions therein, in accordance with the plan tobe promulgated by the executive committee of this Convention: that the said delegations h i ??: authority to till any vacancies that may oc? cur, and to elect chairmen thereof, whose names shall he reported to the executive committee. IteMtlml. That the executive committee be au? thorized 10 continue iis sessions after the ad? journment <>i the Convention, until It shall have completed tiio organization and purposes con templatud iu the foregoing resolutions. A STIUUINO SPEECH. Judge Aldrich. in support of the resolutions, said : li is not necessary to dwell on the vice of the state government. Everybody knows It; we feel It. This second meeting of the taxpayers is an eloquent and touching proof, not only of our for? bearance, but of an earnest desire to peacefully restore an Honest administration of affairs, and conform to all the Congressional legislation in the direction of peace and reconstruction. Our endurance Is not so much the result or training, as the detcrniln.ition on our pari to honestly use every means in our power ro convince the con? gress and the people or the United states of our sincerity in giving the experiment or Recon? struction n perfectly fair trial. The vice or the state government Is known to the country, it pervades every department, from the highest to the lowest, with rare exceptions. It commenced In Y?\ and has annually grown bolder rrorn that time until tho present moment, until now wo meet to make our last despairing appeal for reller, to the power that placed It upon us, and the only person, short of nevelatlon, that can relieve us. If this rails, we must either take counselor despair, In meekly bowing our heads, submit to be robbed until ab? ject poverty and utter ruin desolates this once prosperous State. 1 do not suppose there is a single virtuous man in the Republican party who desires tu see this dreadful consummation. It Is against nature to believe that the white men or the North and West wish to seethe black race rule, rol> and ruin the white people of the south, to the confiscation or all their prop ertv and the deprivation or all their political rlghls. It violates reason, it, shocks nature, ft Is a st Igma on humanity. And yet, that Is our pre? sent strait. We have listened to promises or Ke form from year to year, while the burdens of oppressive taxation and ruinous legislation have annually Increased; and now, bankrupt proprie? tors, who have no voice In the Legislature which imposes the taxes, await In anxious expectation such relict as Congress In Its wisdom may afford, it is a plea to the descendants iff the men or the Itevolutlou from the descendants of their com? rades, who ror .-even longyears fought to estab? lish the grand and cardinal principle of "no tax? ation without representation." Is It punishment lucv desire lo lulllei tor the rebellion? Look at the* widows and orphans, our mutilated children, our desolated Stale, our homesteads In rum and dceav, our deserted fields, our closed institu? tions of learning, and last, but not least, the long and ever Increasing lists or lands annually ad? vertised ror sab- to pay delinquent taxes, and tell mo ir a people having one spark or humanity or one sentiment of religion can desire further humiliation or u lower depth or poverty. It is against nature to believe that tbe descendants or the men ol the Revolution can desire any sucii fate for the descendants of those who rough I side by side with their lathers, to secure that liberty or which we have been deprived. This is not a question of party or politics, it is a sim? ple question of preservation and honest govern? ment, In whleh we ask all men of all parties and all races, who love virtue and hate vice, to Join us. It Is a question or national character, iu which all are concerned, and in which Is Involved not only the political nght.sof flic black man, but the personal dignity and ine political free? dom oi t he white man, and as such it appeals to i lie good ami true of all parties and both races. I do uot suppose a more hideous spectacle or au ducious violation of truth and virtue has ever been presented to the gaze ol tin* world In all hlstorv. There Is not one virt uous man in the ranks of this party or plunder, the party led by these '-poll: leal brigands," as Mr. Porter calls diem, who dares to raise his voice against this organized system ot public robbery. What a commentary Is Ibis! what a travesty of that princip e of the constitution which secures to each Male "a republican form or government !" is n a pinciple of republican government fur one raee owning no property to tax another race owning all the properly, ami not, give them a hearing or a voice In the counsels o( i he State? should it uoi rather be culled the blackest and the most cruel of all tyrannies? it Isfromthlswc appeal, not to the Republican party, not to ihe Ucmocraflc party, but to the Congress of tlie nation, where we are no better represented than in the Legislature of the State, and to all men who contend tor equal rights under the consti? tution. Public decency Ills been violated, the Legislature has been notoriously bribed to se? cure office and lo promote schemes ot plunder, all the public property or the state mis been stolen, inst lee is charged with corruption nl its rountuln by leading men of the dominant party, the public credit has been utterly destroyed, by Ihe hold, open ami audacious rubbery oi public officials, and criminals, when brought to justice, are swiftly pardoned andttirneiiiuo.se upon the community torcpeal their violations ot law, and In not a few Instances to si; on juries to administer the law. This is a truthful, but a faint picture or the melancholy condition of South Carolina to-day. What can we dobutap l>eai to the virtue, the Justice, and the magna? nimity of the representative men ot the Caucas? ian race who have placed us In this condition, which is a reproach lo the civilization of the ngeV They cannot, rail to hear us; surely they wdl not mil to sympathize wRIi us. And h I hey hear and .sympathize can It be they win'rail to relieve ? Humanity forbids it. National pride revolts at it. The svnquithyof race rebels against It; ami, above all, justice compels it. But, It Is said, congress I Is powerless to relieve us. The answer Is prompt I and overwhelming. Who placed us in this condU \tionf Congress. How? By camping outside of the constitution, to use ihe words of Mr. Stevens. And In the same way that we have been reduced to this melancholy condition, so may we be raised to at least an equality with our own race, and the race that now robs us and places a blot on the national character. This Is no light matter. Here arc forty millions or white people allowing four millions or black people not only to domi? nate over but to subjugate and ruin states tnat have contributed much, in the past, to the char? acter and the glory or the Jnlon. Is there noth? ing In all the privations, and sufferings, and heroism of the Revolutionary war to atone for secession? Is there nothing In all the brilliant record or our statesmen, judges and diplomatists to excite sympathy tor a beaten people 1 Is there nothing In our silent, uncomplaining, terrible humiliation since Lee and Johnston surrendered to kindle in the hearts of our conquerors one spark or sympathy; In the hearts or the men of our own race one reeling or brotherhood ? Ar< we so dangerous, or they so weak, that they cannot put us on an equality with the black man? What a reproach! Forty millions or white people allow tuelr brothers in south Caro? lina to be tyrannized over. Insulted and ruined without even an attempt to save them, either bv remonstrance or legislation. I do not believe It, and ir It be true, let us know It, tor then but one question Is to be solved, either to desert the .state, or to make oue last heroic effort to save It. Then, r believe, the politicians will be run over, and the white man will come to the rescue or tits brother. There is but one course let t us. and that is an appeal to Congress to apply some remedy io save us rrom the government under which they have placed us. And I really think Congress has much higher constitutional au? thority to do this than it had to Inaugurate the government which has brought us to this de? plorable condition. Can it be said, in any sense, that the people of South Carolina are living under a Republican form of government :' Property Is not represented, and virtue and Intelligence arc completely Ignored. This con? dition Is the direct act or Congress. It is not for us to suggest how relief Is to be given. We go as citizens of a community who have noj protection from a legalized band or robbers, I petitioning the Congress to restore us to that equality iu t he Union ot which we have been deprived. And this Is an appeal that must com? mend Itself not only to the good sense, but the good reeling or the whole people. It Is an ap? peal to their humanity, to their brotherhood, to their sense or right and justice, to their pride or race and to their nationality. I have lately met gentlemen rrom different states, and the universal comment on the Government of South Carolina has been, "that no State or the North or West would submit to such exactions." And yet, there seems to be a fear that ir we make an effort to check this monstrous wrong, we will rind no sympathy either In Congress or the heart or the great American people. Why, It was only a tew weeks ago that one ot the late ad? ministration inet mein this city and character? ized the present state Government as the most corrupt that had ever existed in ancient or modern times. And lie did not hesitate to ox press his surprise that we continued to pay the taxes, which we hnew wore stolon as fast a-; collected, lu conclusion. Judge Aldrlch urged the members or the convention to stand by their old mother State, and make an effort to effect her redemption. A VOICE FB03I roRT ROYAL. Mr. J. G. Thompson, editor of the Port Uoyal Commercial, a Kepublican newspaper, and" a delegate from Beaufort, spoke as follows: Mr. President, I have taken less interest than most or you in the Immigration report. In the memorial to Congress, and in the memorial to the Legislature. We have at last reached the object wblcb I deem the most practical and from which I hope tor the greatest results. The proposition to appeal to Congress tor roller would have been proper enough in us if we were the Inhabitants01 an unreconstructed state, or of an unorganized territory. As it Is. however, the appeal of a people who have not yet ex? hausted the moans at ilielrdisposal to redress their own wrongs. I have not favored It. (Want has just received the plaudits of tiie whole country tor refusing to intcr rere In Texas and Mississippi, and he win be justified in pointing to his action in tho.-/; States, and In telling us to go to work and help ourselves. AIllhUStaleshouida.sk for Is to be let. alone. As long as we look abroad tor aid, we will not use the means we have. We will con? tinue the "masterly inactivity which has In? flicted upon us the present administration. I stand among you us one or rour or live delegates who have generally acted with the Republican party. If, during the campaign of ISI2,there had been a disposition on the part or the Conser? vatives to chose a man for Governor because he was an honest anil capable man, without inquir? ing when? he was born, there would have been in their convention a Republican delegate trom every county in the state, repre? senting twenty thousand votes. The only way to rid ourselves or dishonest and Incompetent rulers Is to vote them down at the polls, unless It Is to be dons by resort to violence. If you wait for help from Congross or this Legislature, death will relieve you from taxation as well as all other evils, before you get it: and the same relieving officer win comero'ind before Immigra? tion brings Into the Slate enough men to effect the equilibrium so much desired br you. But all appeals tor extraneous help are to that extent aii assertion on our part mat we have tried all ih-^ means in our power to remedy the evils under Which we labor. This I do m t think is true, li is my belief that tue masses Of every people and or every race, in all ages and In all countries have been, and are. anxious for good government. The higher classes are usual? ly disposed to distrust the people. The universal belief prevailed among the higher classes .i New l ork. during the prevalence vt King gov? ernments, that the people could not be aroused bv appeals to their patriotism and sense Ot Jus? tice. This tear for years prevented a thorough organization of leading citizens In favor of re? form. But when a proper appeal was made, those distrusted masses voted down the thieves ?watched the progress of the effort to unearth frauds with an Interest equal to that or the wealthiest; as jurors they vindicated the law, and testified in every way their joy in the downfall or the villains. These masses were the same as had been pointed at In Europe and America as those by whose votes and by whose degradation the Repub? lican experiment was to tall. Let me re? peat my belief that this result would have never been attained but Tor the hearty sympathy or the multitude. No event lu our history is so strong an argument in favor of our theory or goveru maa*. her us apply this lesson to ourselves. We find ourselves surrounded by some of the same peculiar circumstances. We have. I be? lieve, suffered detriment from the same want of confidence in the good intentions of the masses, and let us seriously consider If we may not reap like results from endeavoring to Instruct those by whom we are surrounded In the real facts or our bad government. Let us not begin such a work with a feeling of contempt for their understandings; let us not work among them with no belief In their patriotism aud love or good order; let us not continue our effort white distrusting their honesty or purpose; but let us appeal to them as men, as citizens, as tax? payers with us. to make common cause with us in our efforts to depose rrom the high places of the state those who are as false to their protes slons of a love for equality and the colored race as they are to the duties of the offices which they hold. There Is no man here present who does not know or colored men with whom he would iru-t his money, his houses, and his crops; aye, and dearer things, his wire and children? Any movement which does not seek aid rrom the honest part of the Republican leaders and ihe votes of the colored and white members of that party, will assuredly fall. That there are men In that party anxious for a change was evidenced in the last election, a; least twenty thousand Republicans resisted the powerful ties of party I and the more powerful Influences of race lu vot? ing against the regular ticket. Let us avoid the mistakes of the past. Let us organize a state Taxpayers' League. Let each county have a countv league. Let each neighborhood have Its subordinate league. Lei us encourage me hope less, stimulate the Indifferent, and shame the cowardly. Let our local as well as our state politicians know thai Hie days ot Inactivity are over. Let us seek to Include In our ranks every taxpayer, whatever his color. There are "twenty-live hundred colored men who pay taxes "on real estate in Beaufort County." They feel tho weight as well as we." 1 have received much encouragement from them. Many ot" them have brought, me their hard-earned dollars to subscribe ror my paper. I am proud or their names upon my books. 1 am certain that the leaven Is working among them, and 1 look tor the day to come when the politician will tiud his keenest critic among them. Inform these then; inform the poor and Ignorant among the w hites: unite alt classes ror one supreme effort to obtain success with the means alreauyal hand, and if li falls it will be i line enough to appeal to congress, or to that other remedy, which I much prefer, to ?Inch we have been 'pointed by the distinguish? ed New Kngland judge, quoted by Mr. Lathers. [Prolonged applause.] The report was then unanimously adopted. the legislative CONFERENCE. Capt. F. W. Dawson introduced the follow? ing resolution, which was adopted: livsolml. That the committee appoiutedto address the General Assembly, under the reso? lutions roportod by tho executive committee, be instructed to report within thirty days, through the public prints, tho result, of their efforts, especially upon the subject of cumula? tive voting. A PtXIPED SNUB. Mr. J. G. Thompson, chairman, submitted the following report of tho committee appoint? ed to wait upon Treasurer Cardozo: The commit tec appointed under a resolution to request the ihm. V. L. Cardozo for the vouchers under which he paid ?H31,0DH tor public printing (n is:::, wailed upon .Mr. Cardo/.o. who had al? ready prepared a n ply to the request of I nc Con? vention. The main portion ot the reply consists Of a personal aliacK upon tlic character of the ClialrmanoftheconimItt.ee, in which the con? vention Is not Interested, and which has no bearing upon the Information which it desires. The attacked party Is entirely able to lake care of himself in this matter, and win doubtless do It. Your committee, therefore, report, that the onh material mailer of the reply Is embraced in ihe'following closing paragraph: ??I have no right to permit any one to inspect ni\ touchers, ex -opt those who are legally au? thorized to do so." The chairman requests the privilege of makin>* a report, which shall be submitted to the execu? tive committee; and that, ifthev so decide, it I shall be Incorporated in the published proceed? ings or this body. ad.toukxmen't ?tite president's closing ad dbess. The business of the Convention being now concluded, the body resolved itself into a com ' mittee of tiie whole, Gen. J. B. Kershaw in j the chair. The following resolutions, offered by ex-Gov. M. L. Bonhain, were unanimous!'.' adopted, and communicated to the president by the chairman of the committee: " Resolvcl, Thai the thanks of this Convention are due. and are hereby tendered, to the Hon. W. D. rorter. for the able, courteous and im? partial manner in which he has presided over its deliberations, and for the able and eloquent address delivered by him at the opening of its deliberations. Huaolciil, That the chairman of this commit? tee be requested to communicate this action to the Hon. W. D. Porter. Mr. Porter replied, and closed the delibera? tions with a forcible and touching address He said: Gentlemen of the Convention, I have again to express ray thanks for this cordial expression of your confidence, and I prize it the more because I see around me so many men much more worthv or such distinction?men whose lives are a record of honor, whose acts are a part or our history, and whose names are dear to our people as household words. As I have looked, dav alter day. ror the last three days, Into the upturned races before me, and have seen the Hash or the eye and swelling of the bosom, and listened t o the earnest, indignant, stern and reso olutc words In which you have denounced our oppressions and our oppressors, I have realized, more clearly than even before, not only how grievous have been our wrongs, but that here and now are present the spirit and determina? tion to redress them. And why should it not be so? Of whom are you the representatives? Whence do you derive your lineage? What history are you connected with? There Is a historic people in south Carallna, but our present rulers are not of them. [Applause.] The people of whom I speak are known to the world. Their lathers planted lthese colonies, felled the forests, subdued the savage, erected school-houses and churches, and built cities and towns. They are the men who signed their names to the American declaration of Independence, and with their own good swords, after seven long years or bloodv war against the greatest known power on the face of the earth, made good that declar? ation bet?re the world, and consecrated this broad continent to the name and purposes or freedom forever. [Greatapplause.] Those men taught their sons the lessons of liberty; they signed them with its sacred sign, and dipped them In Its baptismal font. Aud shall you, their sous, the lineal descendants ot such men, sur? render the rights and privileges so transmitted to you? ?h, gentlemen: if there Is a spectacle, the very fullest or sadness and ofthe pity which is only another name tor contempt, It Is the spectacle or a people who, born free, have lost the spirit ot freedom: whose traditions are a re? proach to them; wiio. having received from their fathers the heritage or liberty, have allowed themselves to pass under the yoke; and help lessly. hopelessly, ignomlniously transmitted to their children a heritage ot servitude and dis? honor. [Applause.] I appeal to you, as men, as fathers, brothers and sons, to devote yourselves I to restore the liberties or the people who found? ed and made the state or south Carolina. It yon do not, a curse will light upon your memo? ries, and your children will be ashamed to ac? knowledge your names. In the earnestness which lias characterized your deliberations, 1 see an omen and pledge ot success. We are about to organize our own people under the inspiration of the sentiments to which I have referred. You. need have no fears for them. They have vindicat? ed their title to the name ot freemen on many a bloody battle held. It is for you only to lead them In the right direction. Bo not allow them to run Into hasty. Impulsive and rash action. There Is relief In the future, as sure as there Is a Cod in Heaven. As justice rules in Heaven and j on earth. It must be. It will be, that this un I offending people, who represent not merely themselves but helpless women and unconscious children, will be able to work out their ultimate deliverance. The action of the Convention will speak for Itself. I think Its work will be approved by all honest and virtuous men. There may have been hasty utterances under the sting and goad of bitter wrongs: vet in : he results of the Conven? tion there is that moderation, that earnestness, aud that prudence which win receive the ap? proval of all good men. II we who have met, not to found the State but to save it from dis? grace and dishonor, shall succeed, our names will be honored by those who come after us; our children will rise up and bless us. and the whole country, of which our state is an integral part, will reel that we have rendered not only to our? selves, but to them, an Inestimable blessing. Again thanking you ror the expression or your confidence, I bid you all a God-speed and a safe ret urn to your homes. This address, which was delivered in a most earnest manner by this distinguished gentle? man, was listened to by the Convention with marked attention, and save for the frequent plaudits that at times interrupted its deliver? ance, a most impressive aud significant silence prevailed. It was pronounced by those who heard it to bo one of the most touching speeches that had ever fallen from the Hps of the eloquent president. A vote of thanks to the secretaries was then passed, and. on motion of Col. T. Y. Simons, the Convention adjourned, subject to the call of tho president and the executive committee. YjDETTE. A RICE-FED PEOPLE. The Aspects ol* the Famine in Bengal. [From the London Times.] YVe sometimes wonder if our readers unac? quainted with India ever actually realize what is meant by a rice-eating people?if the ladies of England, for instance, fully comprehend that the poor Bengalee, who earns only ten shillings a month, and on that maintains a family, and pays his little duos to landlord and priest, lives, we may say, solely on rice, and that, apart from all questions of tho power to purchase, no delicacy of English or French cookery would tempt him to eat food which had been prepared by low-caste people, or by strangers. There are caste scruples which are foolish and vexa? tious. These may be broken: Lord Dalhousie broke them on one occasion, in the case of his Ooriah servants, by a linn word, and the sensi? ble part of the people approved. There are caste scruples which no power of any conqueror every broke, and these, whether we wish it or not. wo are bound to respect, for tho man in wnose person we attempt to infringe them simply puts his band behind his back, or joins them* together before him in the attitude of prayer, and raises his eyes to heaven, or drops them to the earth, with a meekness for which the world has no counterpart on so large a scale, but with a decision which tho terror of death would not shake. It is tho ''timid Ben? galee" to whom we refer. He tells you volun? tarily ho is not brave: indeed, he has no objec? tion to admit himself to be a coward if the question is fairly put to him: but try to break his caste, and. though he will not return you blow for blow, but will bow to cruelty at times without a word, he knows how to die. Even in prison the rice must be cooked by men whose caste will not pollute the food, aud the poor Hr.di-.nin. on his way by ship to the West, will submit to hunger, but will not lose his caste. Here is one difficulty?you cannot give to a hungry Bengalee a crust at your door. He must havo tho ever-present rice. The servant at your lodge or in your house provides his meal of rice, and iu the most prosperous time is content: the Hin? doo substitute for our London cabman does the same: the boatmau on the river, the clerk at the desk, the post-runner, or the del ver of tho soil asks for nothing but to have that one article of food, to him really the staff of lifo. Prom high to low the expression. 'die is eating rice.'* siguilies that a man is taking the chief meal of the day. When, therefore, tho actual famine stage to which Dr. Hunter refers has been reached, the position is liorri blo in the extreme. First, tho ''people fall back on roots and various sorts of inferior greeu food. The children and weaker mem? bers of the family die. and those who survive eke out a very insufficient quantity of rico by roots and wild plains." All this, let us remem? ber, is in advance of actual famine. Then fol? lows tho fiercer ordeal. ??The wages which would not suffice to feed au average family of four aro sufficient for the two or three members who survive. Tho rural population enters a famine as a frigate goes into battle, cleared of all useless gear aud inefficient mem? bers." The power to purchase rice has gone, and millions of rice-eating peoplo aro first "weeded out" of their weakest, aud then tried in their utmost strength. Such is this famine warning, and such is the actual famine in oper? ation. The Columbia Hotel.?During the recent session of the Taxpayers' Convention and tho Stato Grange, Messrs. Colnau & Gorman, the proprietors of this first, class hotel, wcro put to their trumps to provide for the comfort of the multitude of guests who docked to their house. They were, however, fully equal to tho emer? gency, and won golden opinions from thoso whose good fortune it was to be under their hospitable care. Visitors to the stato capital may be assured that at the Columbia Hotel they will find attentive waiters, a well supplied table, and every creature comfort that is need? ed to render a sojourn in the State Capital a real pleasure. ?A London literary paper says of George Eliot, that on her manuscript she'toils tremen? dously, working on an average six hours a day. and rarely accomplishing in that timo moro than tUrce hnndre I or four hundred words. Her 1 ibors are so exhausting that she devotes all tho remander of tho timo to recre? ation and rest.