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r?? .1 orfj flu Mfili-.-. ?>!,;'?.-:.-'.? .. > ?? fK&jwtt&irt |aauhj ??wjwp??-if ?wtt?- to fMitt, $ifowtatt, ^grifuttorf ??4 $*?tral H?TT.S5CQ., Proprietors. ANDERSON O. H., S. O:, THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 5, 1874. f?s*lfTO-71 rRsfir? VOLUME IX.?NO. 84. The Addfess of the fax-Payers' ^Obs^ntioi to the People of the State. do&7J?^ke^ha4^ohaih6iui of the corn mittee appointed to prepare an address to th peaple of the State, read ibo, following, whic! wW?^iw^y adopted r oiuj ^<^^Ci??ana:.:' .^e representatives of th tax-pay ers. to whom.: has- been entrusted th high and solemn duty of recommending meas tires of protection, against the corruption att< M??clty that role the organized band of wick erfand-unscrupulous adventurera who/ unde the guise, of government and Sir the name o jaaj^'.hase persistently despoiled you Of you property and outraged your most sacred rights deem it becoming and proper to lay before yoi iff this form certain considerations in connec tiori with their action and deliberations, whiel they suppose^ worthy Of your 'earnest ant thoughtful attention. . - ? ? ? | - It would be unnecessary and painiul to recit your wrongs; the sense of these is not th least poignant of the sufferings you have beej called to endure during these five years <?f ttn paralleled outrage upon a refined and Christi? ' We would have our words speak o courage, of hope, of patience, ??Jaith;ofworl [e who has rightfully ?poadere* ji all-wise and benencent JProy 'afiairs of men, -cannot tsrrlJ b have discovered an unvarying and inevitabh soda! Iawy that all great wrongs tend to thei own correction, and work out in the end a sun compensation for the ills they inflict. Tfau the ebb and Sow of human ideas,, obeying th< divinely implanted principle of perpetual grav itation towards the right, always returns fron ffeSthtesl deviation, and recoils most violently and with accelerated velocity from the greatest errors.-: This truth has impressed itself upor the thoughts of the world with the force of ai ^4om lipon which may be based the soundest: propositions of the statesman. It has beer ap^ styled "the fanaticism of justice, which Hostarain'their course sustain, and against 40rich> no attribute of the Almighty take ^krt.'^ ; It is.vain to suppose, that the enlight? ened American people are exempt from the application of this universal social law. We feel justified in stating our conviction that $reakiftg through all the barriers of prejudice political strife, and the resentments of inter necine war, the reflux of the great tide o: opinion and sympathy is already moving wit! Overwhelming force, bearing with it the promise Of .a restored nationality base^u broad and enduring principles, of liberty, justice and truth. We would not be understood as en? couraging the thought that what has beer if bpiawaj! lu Hie iMBt*cag-isiei be restored This great conntry na? taken a: new departure has engrafted upctrt her ttnbluf of governmeni neir^principles, and deals with new elements The-return rag sense of justice will find Its tasi i?J;the adjustment of these''new factors ol power into harmonious accord with the trat principles of republicanism, and in providing ample protection for the rights and liberties oJ the people. It will probably dear not witi organic laws, bot with faithless, corrupt and oppressive administrations. While we present these cheerful anticipa? tions, which we feel justified in doing by many and great changes in sentiment and opinion, manifested among even the most extreme oi the great political leaders and high officials oi the' country, and still more recent populai movements, it is. intended to invite to earnest and hopeful effort and action, rather than tc lull into ? ?tlse security. No help can evei JBeaeh a people who suffer themselves to fall into apathy or despair. The energies of men relieCfcom wroagand oppression must organized and united. Every ac? tion "of power must be seized, held ; and the fight carefully, vigilantly y fought-from placebo place, until the citadel be won and the right restored. The Convention looks to jour action as the mosj prominent and essential element of the succest to be achieved. In order to procure a restore tto&pf an honest administration of affairs, the reins of .honest government mu3t pass into the hands of honest men. Hitherto, political issues- /have controlled all elections, and the gtr? interests of the State have been subordi? nated to the schemes of corrupt, and jsvil men, whose insatiate avarice and rapacity have brought -ufi.more or naa ?aiB#tett>l&tion, oi Wrongs and sufferings, than the fiercest-ravages ?f war.. The coming ideas will sweep ?waj party.lines and destroy the trade of hungry political adventurers. Government will be made once more the agent of the people, noj their master, and the great industrial interest! of the country, commerce and agriculture, be? come the prime-objects of its'protection, rathe' ts?tr its prey. To participate in these benefit! we must be placed in a condition to receive them. There must be an organization, upon i basis wholly independent of oo?tical parties anil issues, based upon the&ndamental princi? ple that the rights and interests of the people require an honest, feithfai and economical administration of public affairs. Nothing but premeditated villany, blind ignorance or total depravity can prevent this self-evident truth from'i^troflibg "f?e government. Our work is t?mee* and overcome-^eTy -influence that would bar its recogaition? -.Public opinion it created by agitatmn,San&^.c6mmunity can long resist the.pressure of a great truth, con antly, earnestly and honestly ?urged._JTofd? fii: association is essential., The individual tt^^frerleWalJa^^ the? 'feggbt but nothiag can resist the gceat .power of com? bination. Iiei^ihe" 'Kernest -aod^ -well-meaning citizens, one by one, bo -brought into the Tax Payers' JJnion, andrnade to workJTor the cause of rgootf: ggwrernment, until -the -State-is re? deemed. The eclat at.attends the clash ol arms is wanting to such a struggle, but nc cause can be more wdrthy^df the earnest, faith fill and patient labor of one who loves hit people and his State. A triumph like this if DOtitO be von by a sidgle decisive battle, nor it may be, by many toilsome campaigns; bui patient, enduring and honest1 work, sooner oi later, will bring victory to. your standards No laurel wreaths may crown the victor'i browr4>utit ransomed aod redeemed Carolina ttrree, prosperous aadliappy-pritt^le; wiH^tterf to future generations, that, worthy of yout ancestry and true as they to duty and honor you have taken up the fight in the darkest hohi oi* adversity, and fathfuUy .and successfully fought it out to victory; Wo conjnre you then, at Once to organize, compact and worl up the Tax-Payers' 0trioh? until , you anchoi the State-safe in .the .harbor of assured peaci and prosperity. , In the connection with this great movement it is desired to appeal to our follow -citizens who, desparing of relief, are contemplating tb< thought of abandoning the homes of thei cMlokootf and graves of their fathers, to seel in other lands and among strangers a m?n hopeful future. Stand by the old State; Desert not your people in their extremity Leave not the field while the battle rages Take new courage and try again. We beiiev this to be the turning point in the fortunes o the State. 8tay with us and share the com in: good. The same energy, labor and means toe would suffice to establish the immigrant in new home, would rehabilitate the old in abun W^SSSBSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSiSBSBBBSSSSSBSSS I danf; blessings. It appears to us that duty and patriotism alike demand that the citizen remain ^ at his post, unless called away bjr more impor? tant and exceptional considerations. Wnen e e^'it can he clone, we urge upon the people h to offer such, aid and assistance to any citizen . whose necessities may impel him to leave the Q- State, as may induce him to remain among us. ^ To .ifetain otir old citizens is of more valuethan j|j to:introo!u^ehew. Everyeffort should be made j to this end. Those who have left Jffief State ra 41 these latter -years of adversity and trial have b not feenef/kllfr prospered. Many have returned m to their old homes, poorer than .they went out, r and many, disappointed and ruined, look back - in vain, regret Upon a fatal mistake. Let us a* remain at home and be buried in the tomb of i, our ancestors. A fertile soil, salubrious climate, valuable x staples, mines and water powers, a kind and ihospitable, people, commercial facilities, rail? roads and telegraphs, and vast areas of unutil? ized and most valuable lands cleared and ready for the plough, at prices greatly less than the cost of clearing the primitive forests, present here the most inviting field ever offered to the immigrant. Our people yearn for the coming stranger of jBvery iahd and nation. We wift introduce him on his arrival into the midst of an advanced Christian civilization, with an assured return for industry and thrift. This convention has instituted certain modes by which your earnest desire to attract hither the people of. America and Europe may most read ^wmtifiei From these and other agen? cies tol>e Established the happiest results may be-expected. ;Let your hearty and liberal sup? port of these schemes be constantly accorded, anb! South Carolina will soon achieve a career jfjnrbiperity utterly unprecedented in her his Sery.I This Convention has not taken counsel from iespair, nor heeded that voice of the past that vonld awaken the passions and prejudices en rendered amid the storm of contending issues juried on fields of blood, which stand as monu nents of American valor, devotion and faith. Whatever may have been the range of its dis nssions, its results are before you, evincing a piritof self-restraint, forbearance and conserv iism, to the emulation of which they would arnestly commend you. They have left ot hing undone that promised relief, or that try could say 'should have been done. While hey have memorialized Congress on the sub? let of your wrongs, in language of simple but urning eloquence and emphasis, they have ot omitted a proper appeal to the Stato Gov rnment for necessary reform. In this they ?1 assured that they will stand justified by rar approval and the enlightened opinion of le world. : We shall not in detail attempt to recapitulate le entire action of this body, but earnestly ivoke attention to all the measures proposed, id a united action in their support, from the loqntains to the sea. In conclusion, imploring Almighty God to stow upon all the people His best blessing, is wisdom to guide and His strength to thieve, we commend you to this noble work ' duty and patriotism. J. B. Kershaw, Chairman, Kershaw. C. E: Miles, Charleston. j John Bratton, Fairfield. p John S. Richardson, Sumter. t F. A. Conner, Abbeville. Ieedell Jones, York. , A. B. Woodruff, Spartanburg. ! Cotton Seed as a Fertilizer. I Cotton seed as a manure is one of the richest , and best that nature has provided for the far ? mer, suitable for any kind of crop and any kind . of soil. What fatal economy then to sell the [ seed and rob the soil. r . It is the common belief, that cotton seeds as ; a manure are better for corn than the cotton 5 plant It is strange that cotton should form I kfi exception to a rule so well established, that 3 each plant in a state of decomposition is its . own best manure; but the manner of applying ? the cotton seed as a manure may bring about j such a result. The growing cotton plant is! [ les3 hardy than corn, and the immediate con ; tact of its roots/With hot fermenting cotton' . seed seems to act in the same manner that an [ overdose of guano or fresh stable manure Would , do, and injure the young plant. On the other f hand, it is well known if tho fermentation or 3 decay of the cotton seed is allowed to take r place in the open air, the energy of its action r as a manure is greatly lessened. 3 tt! The best method, probably, to avoid both in l conveniences would be to allow the cotton . seeds to decay in the ground which they are . intended to manure, by introducing them into . the soil some weeks or months previous to the j , planting of cotton. Run a furrow in the mid > die of the \ future bed, scatter the seeds in it, [ and then lay enough earth with the turn plow , over che cotton seeds to cover them thorough . ly; as the cotton seeds decay the earth with j which-they are-covered will absorb the ammo 1 nia and other gases given off during fermenta ; tapn. Then just before planting time bed up [ in the usual way. 'This is probably the very , best way to use cotton seeds as a manure for ; cotton. The tap root of the cotton plant, and ? its fibres, will reach and assimilate the nourish , ment contained in the cotton seeds at a period i when the plant is not only able to bear the . stimulating effects of; the manure without in , jury, but is most particularly in need of it, for [ it is about the time it commences to bloom and fruit. Every bushel of cotton seed made on a farm r should be scrupulously returned to the land; i ! if fed to the etock, the manure should fill be ; saved and applied to the soil. It has been I . shown by analysis that the cotton seed from a I f 500 pound bale of cotton will take annually , from the soil an amount of mineral and other . ingredients that would make over twenty bush } els of corn. How necessary that we should 3 husband our cotton, seed as one of the most j t valuable manures. [ Some of our very best farmers estimate that r cotton seeds are well worth 15 cents per bushel. , At 12 cents they are the cheapest and best ma j nure we can apply to our lauds, if used with j skill and judgment.?Farmer? Vindicator. t; ' - 9 ? r The Sulphuric Acid C?re for Diph? theria.?The Hamilton Spectator (South Aus * tralia) publishes details of the Greatbead cure r for diphtheria. The disease is declared by Mr,iGceathead to ;be of hydatid growth,, and [ that theigsrms of it floating about in .certain { impure atmospheres were inhaled by human j beings.1 For a grown person he prescribes four drops of sulphuric acid dilated in three ?uarters'of a tumbler of water, with a smaller ose for children.. Toe effect of this treatment i was Said to be instantaneous?the acid at once r destroying the parasites, and the patients z coughing up the obstruction. For weeks since q the promulgation of the specific, the papers _ have teemed with accounts of sufferers who r, had been recovered in a few minutes by adopt ,* ing the Greathead treatment. Children previ 3 ously in an almost dying state were declared f to be playing about and asking for something r to eat within ten minutes ; and at a moderate I computation some forty or fifty of these sud a den recoveries have been recorded with full . details. Southern Transcontinental Bail way. The Washington correspondent of the At? lanta (Ga.) Constitution gives the following sketch of a gigantic railway, project under the above name; u ,? . Washington, February 14,1874. A bill of some-interest to Georgia was intro? duced in the ?touse a few days ago by Mr. Vance, Of North Carolina. It is entitled "A bill to incorporate branches of the contemplat? ed Southern Transcontinental Railway Compa? ny, under the name and style of the North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia Exten? sion Railway Company." The bill provides that the North Carolina Railroad Company, the companies of the Eastern and Western Divisions of the Western North Carolina Railroad, the Wilmington, Charlotte and Rutherford Railroad Company of North CarolrnaytheSpartanburg and Union Railroad Company.of South -Carolina, and the Greenville ana French Broad Railroad Compa? ny of North and South Carolina, together with a ccmipany which may hereafter be formed of citizens living in the States of Georgia and Tennessee, and others associated with them, or any two of said companies, are hereby author? ized to consolidate and form a company, which company shall constitute a body corporate and politic with the usual powers granted thereto. The object of the company is to construct and establish with railroads already constructed or to be constructed complete and continuous railway communication by way of Asheville, North Carolina, and Duck town, Tennessee, to Dalton, Georgia, or some other point on the railway from Atlanta, Georgia, to Chattanooga or Cleveland, Tennessee, as may hereafter oe determined by said consolidated company, and to the Wolf Creek depot on the Charleston, Cincinnati and Cumberland Gap Railroad, in the State of Tennessee, and from Asheville, North Carolina, to Spartan burg, South Caroli? na, connecting the ports of New Berne and Wilmington, North Carolina, and the port of Charleston, South Carolina, with San Francisco by way of the contemplated Southern Trans? continental Railway, which will have its be? ginning at a point on the western bank of the Mississippi River, not exceeding ten miles from the Arkansas River, in the State of Arkansas, and its terminus in the city of San Francisco by the way of Little Rock, Arkansas, the Sangre de Cristo pass and Utah Territory. Section B provides that this company shall have power to consolidate upon such terms as may be agreed upon between the parties with any railroad company or companies hereto? fore chartered by Congressional or State au? thority. Section 4 provides that said company shall have power and lawful authority, first, to con? struct, use, and maintain a railroad from the present terminus of the eastern division of the Western North Carolina Railroad at Old Fort Depot, in McDowell County, North Carolina, to Dalton, Georgia, or other point on the rail? way from Atlanta, Georgia, to Chattanooga, or Cleveland, Tennessee, by the way of Asheville, North Carolina, and Ducktown, Tennessee, and also from Asheville, North Carolina, down the French Broad River, to Wolfe Creek, Tcnn ; Secondly, to construct, use and maintain a railroad from the present mining terminus of the Wilmington, Charlotte aud Rutherford Railroad at Buffalo, North Carolina, by the most practical and direct route, by the way of Rutherfordton, North Carolina, to a point on the Western North Carolina Railroad, at or near Asheville, North Carolina, and connecting with said railroad ; this day to construct, use and maintain a railroad from the present termi? nus of the Spartanburg and Union Railroad in South Carolina, by the most practicable route, crossing the Blue Ridge at Butt Mountan Gap, to a point at or near Asheville, North Carolina, and connecting with the Western North Caro? lina Railroad at the most practicable point. Fourthly, to make runniug arrangements with any railroad companies heretofore chartered or that may hereafter be chartered by Congres? sional or State authority. Fifthly, to purchase lands or other property for the purpose of car? rying out the objects of said company. The bill further provides that the contract of purchase or consolidation shall be on such terms as may be agreed upon by the contract? ing parties, and that the words purchase or consolidation become one incorporation, to be known as the North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia Extension Railway Company. This incorporation is to assume the indebted? ness of all the roads comprising the company, and is to have the power to issue bonds from the time above the capital stock of the compa? ny until the work is completed. When ten miles of the road are completed the Chief Engineer of the Company shall so certify to the President of the United States, who shall then appoint three Commissioners to examine the same, andTf the work is well done so re? port to the President, who shall direct the Secretary of the Treasury to endorse the bonds of the company, provided they have first been ordered by the Treasurer of the State of North Carolina. The bonds thus ordered are uot to exceed the amount (not Btated) required to build 400 miles of road. The capital stock of the company is not to exceed $3,000,000, to be divided into one hundred dollar shares. The principal office of the company is to be at Asheville, North Carolina. The road, when completed, is to become a post route, at the minimum charge for such service, and is to transport troops, munitions, supplies, etc., for the ?nited States free of charge. The bill to incorporate the Southern Trans? continental Railroad Company, introduced last month by Mr. Houghton, of California, and recently reported from the Committee on Pa? cific Railroads with amendments, appropriately follows the bill of which an outline is given above. The line contemplated is in the Arkan? sas Valley and Colorado River in Utah Territo? ry, and thence "by the most feasible route to San Francisco." The amendments prohibit the company from consolidating with any competing line of roads between the Mississippi and the Pacific Ocean; provides for a forfeiture of all the rights grant? ed by the franchise in case the road is not built as rapidly as therein required; reduce the amount of land granted for stations from forty acres, to ten acres tor every five miles; and finally resexvo to Congress the right to regulate fares and freights whenever the public interests appear to call for such intervention. These amendments may be regarded as fairly outlin? ing the policy that will be pursued by the com? mittee which made them with regard to all similar measures in this Congress; ? "Does the train-start this evening at thirty five minutes past-six as usual?" asked an elderly lady or a railroad employe. "No, it leaves at twenty-five minutes to seven," was the reply. "Dear me, dear me, how they do change these trains I" ? "Sir," said the astonished landlady to a traveler who had sent his cup forward for the seventh time, "you must be very fond of coffee ?" "Yes, madam, 1 am," he replied, "or I should never have drank so much water to get a little." The Last of the North Carolina Outlaws. A correspondent of the New York Herald furnishes the particulars of the killing of Steve Lowery, the last survivor of the famous band of outlaws who infested the county of Robeson, In North Carolina, for so many years: Stephen Lowery, the last and probably the worst of the Carolina Swamp Angela who riot? ed in blood and held such a high carnival of crime in North Carolina for so many years, was killed at about half-past four o'clock this morn? ing in the Scuffletown region by three young white men, all farmers, named David Hol combe, Thomas Dutton and McNeill Patterson. The scene of the tragedy is located about two miles from Red Banks, on the Carolina Central Railway, about sixteen miles west of Lumber ton, the county seat of Robeson county, and six miles from this point. It was also on the Slantation and not far from the house of Mr. ohn McNair, a gentleman who has repeatedly been robbed by the outlaws. The three young men above mentioned had been out searching for the outlaw for several weeks past. They were on this mission to? gether on Sunday, and at about midnight ap? proached a whiskey camp on Mr. McNair's place, where there were two wagons containing whiskey and tobacco, belonging to a man named Burns, of Randolph county. Here there was quite a crowd of negroes and a few white men drinking and carousing together. Among the number was Steve Lowery, who seemed to have been imbibing pretty freely. The young men approached the outlaw and began to converse with him. He made many boasts of what he had done and what he could do, and said that he could show more gold than any other man in Robeson county. After a while the young men arose and bade Steve good-night, saying that they were going home. After getting well out of the range of the camp, however, they made a detour and j crept up to within twenty yards of the outlaw. Here they remained quiet for a long time, wait? ing for a shot, but were deterred for more than an hour by the fact that there were others near him. Finally they all separated, and Steve picked up a banjo and began thrumming on it for the amusement of his friends. One colored individual kept near to him, but the young men were determined not to lose this oppor? tunity, and so at a given signal they all three fired. There was but one report from the three guns. The outlaw jumped from his seat and immediately afterward fell to the ground dead. The negro who was near him had his ear slightly scratched by the shot, but was re? joiced to find that he was not killed. The young men then reloaded their guns and ad? vanced to the dead body, which they secured and bore away. A cart was hired and (the body placed on it and taken to Lumberton, where it arrived this morning at about nine o'clock. It was then taken to the Court House and placed on a table in the Sheriff's office. Immediately there was a wild commotion in the town, and the streets were soon filled with an excited crowd discussing the tragedy, and all rejoicing that the last of the outlaws had j been killed. The body was perfectly riddled/ with balls and buckshot. The head was per? forated in several places, and there were three large wounds in the heart, any one of which would have proved fatal. There were found on the body but very few articles, among which were a bunch of keys and a copy of the Wil? mington weekly Post. This latter, which is now before me as I write, is perforated through with a hole almost large enough to have been made by a Minie ball, and in another place the paper is torn, it is thought, by a second ball. The outlaw was armed to the teeth, there being found on his person, when he was killed, a Henry rifle, three pistols and a knife with a blade about twelve inches in length. He was only about twenty-eight or tweuty-nine years of age. Like all the rest of the outlaws, his earthly career has been cut short before he had reached the prime of life. He is said to have been the most cowardly, and at the same time the most treacherous and vindictive, of them all. "Rhody" Lowery, the widow of the defunct chief, Henry Berry Lowery, was among the crowd at Lumberton to-day. It is said that she seemed actually rejoiced to learn that the last of the'gang had gone to his long account. It is understood that Rhody wanted to marry again, but that Steve had threatened to kill her if she did so. There are many persistent persons who believe that Henry Berry Lowery is not yet dead; it is even asserted that he has recently been seen in New York city. The rewards for the killing of Steve Lowery amount in all to $6,200, and this amount will be paid oVer to the three young men who killed him. The dead outlaw is said to have been recently but the ghost of his former self. He was formerly stout and robust, but had become ?ale and thin of late. Since the killing of bm Lowery he has kept pretty close to the swamps; but the music of a tobacco and whis? key caravansary was more than he could resist. To his love of the ardent may be directly traced his death. He was older than Henry Berry Lowery, who was, in fact, the youngest of the brothers in the gang. Charters and Incorporations.?One of the greatest channels for curtailing an expense of printing, and saving of time in considering bills, has been opened by the passage in the Senate, at the present term of the Legislature, of the bill introduced by John R. Cochran,Esq., and passed by the House at the last term. The Governor has signed thip. act, and it is now a law. By its provisions, charters for churches, cemeteries, fire, hook and ladder and military companies, Free Masons, Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias lodges, charitable and re? ligious institutions or societies, labor, agricul? tural, manufacturing, industrial, or similar so? cieties, or companies, shall be granted by the clerk of the courts upon application to that official. If within ten days fifty persons object in writing, the clerk may refuse, if he consid? ers the objections sufficient, the judge of the circuit having power to decide. If he refuse, then the General Assembly may be appealed to. Thirty days' public notice is to be given by the parties applying for the charter in one of the newspapers of the county. The act classifies the charters. Class one comprises all labor, agricultural, manufactu? ring, industrial, mining and companies or as? sociations Of like nature; class two, churches, &c.; class three, charitable and religious insti? tutions. Free Masons, Odd Fellows and such kind of societies. In jockey, yacht and other sporting clubs, the amount of property is not to exceed $60,000. When no Objections are Sresented the clerk of the court is obliged to 11 out the blank charter, and is allowed; a fee of three dollars therefor, except for churches, for which the charter fee is fixed at one dollar. \ In case the General Assembly grant any char j ter, the corporators shall pay five dollars to the Secretary of State for certificates of incorpora-1 j tion. All charters now existing in the State can be renewed under these provisions when ' they shall have expired.?"Columbia Union. 1 What is Republican Government] The history of the plundering State govern? ments in the South ie so familiar that a repeti? tion of any part of it seems to be superfluous. But unlike the ordinary misdemeanors that attend politics in other States, the acts of the Southern leaders have struck at the very foun? dation of the State credit, and they have forced upon the tax-payers such burdens that the time appears to them not far oh? when tax? ation and confiscation shall be synonymous terms. This is notably the case of South Car? olina, where the enormous tax levies have well nigh driven the people to desperate remedies, and where public robbery may be said to have been legalized. It has now been seven years since the recc-afruction State government was organized in i. State. During the time the expenditures of the State administration have increased with frightful rapidity. Every year there have been promises of reform and re? trenchment, for no matter how confident of success and of immunity the freebooter may be, there is Btill enough of discretion in him to respect public opinion. But these promises have proved to be the idlest delusions, and year after year the ingenuity of the ruling cabal has been exerted to invent new pretences for plunder and new means of torture for their victims, the tax-payers. * * # AJl of the expenses, in short, are monstrous, and such extravagance could not be perpetrated in any except a Southern State. At the last State election the promises of reform were freely made, only to be followed by the longest step yet taken in any one year towards the absorp? tion of the State's resources by the vultures who are preying upon it. Lately the tax-payers have been holding a convention in Columbia; after a long.discussion they conclude that there is no remedy at their command, and they now memorialize Congress to come to their rescue. They ask, in effect, as the people of Louisiana have asked, that Congress shall guarantee them a Republican form of government, justifying this demand by the belief that the present form there is but an oligarchy over which the people have no control. It is evident that the most serious questions regarding the reconstruction of the Southern States have not yet been set? tled, for gradually the impression is forcing itself upon us that the local quarrels?the election frauds, the violence, the corrupt legis? lation, and the mercenary judicial decisions? (are of national consequence, and concern the 'welfare of republican institutions. We have too hastily concluded that the immediate rem? edy is in the hands of the people in the South? ern States, as it is in New York. We have said New York has overthrown Tweed, and South Carolina ought to be able to overthrow his imitator. But the cases are different. In the Northern States the great majority of the voters are tax-payers; in the Southern States the property has always been in comparatively few bauds, and when suddenly the ballot was given to a large mass of people who had no ex? perience of political affairs, the tax-payers be? came a helpless minority. The shrewd and venal men who took the lead of this new element aggravated the class divisions natural? ly existing until the property of the State was at their mercy through the ballot of those who had only their prejudices to gratify. The tax? payers have not been entirely blameless, be i cause they might have conciliated the power that now unconsciously, ignorantly upholds the rogues who oppress them. Yet it is difficult to see what Congress can do in the matter. It is true, as these nemorialists justly urge, and as similar bodies in other States have urged, that Congress interfered to establish these govern? ments. But, if this was wrong, it does not justify another interference. With the clearest conviction that South Carolina and Louisiana, and other Southern States, are the worst gov? erned communities in the world, it is yet diffi? cult to find an excuse in the constitution for the interference of Congress, and there appears to be no remedy but the Slow and tedious one of gradually educating the people in their du? ties, and awaiting the more general distribution of the taxable property.?New York Evening Post. A Comparison Completed. Governor Moses in his annual message com? pared the relative amounts paid to sustain their State governments by the citizens of Massachu? setts and South Carolina. His comparison seemed to prove that the ad? vantage was altogether in favor' of our State. He said that while each citizen of Massachu? setts, man, woman and child, was called upon to pay about five dollars to the State, that in South Carolina each man, woman and child paid but about three dollars. His figures may be right enough, but he should have pursued his cyphering a little further. The wealth or taxable property of Massachusetts was at a low valuation given in 1870 as $1,591,983,112, and her population 1,457,351. So that if every man, woman and child were to take his share of this wealth be wouid have $1,093.75. South Carolina, whose wealth is estimated at an ex? cessive valuation at $183,913,337, has a popula? tion of 705,606. Every man, woman and child, therefore, in a division, would be en? titled to but $260.64. From such a compari? son it will be seen that when the Massachusetts man is called upon to pay his five dollar tax he has nearly eleven hundred dollars worth of good property on band to pay it with, while tbe South Carolinian when called upon for his three dollar tax has only two hundred and sixty dollars worth of comparatively unproductive and doubtful assets to meet the importunate call of the tax collector. There is another difference, too, which is im Sortant to be remembered, and to which Gov. loses failed to call our attention. The taxes of Massachusetts are properly expended. Her citizens do not feel when they are handing over their money that they are pouring water into a seive. They see it expended iu such noble public works as the Hoosac Tunnel; in elegant school buildings; in sustaining liberally the public charities; in preserving public order, and in a general sustenance of credit and repu? tation of a State worthy of the pride with which its citizens regard it. How differently the taxpayer of South Car? olina feels we need not tell.?Port Royal Com? mercial. A Sublime Reason.?A new contributor at Dover, N. H., sends us the following anecdote: In Durham, a few miles fiom here, lived a severe old fellow, whom the world called "El? der Pratt," who got the title from his very grave manner, which was carried into all the details of life. There were times when he would succumb to the tempter, but even when inebriated, he would preserve the samo grave demeanor toward his neighbors and associates, but to his family at home he was at times very severe. One Saturday night the neighbors were disturbed by the shrieks of his wife, and going in they found the "Elder" belaboring his better half with a bridle. "Hello 1" cried one of them, "what's the matter Elder ? what are you doing that for ?" "I'm endeavoring," said he, with great deliberation, the bridle still suspen? ded, "to impress upon her mind the great fact that there's a God iu Israel." Got* Vance's lecture on the Jews. Ex-Gov. Zebuion B. Vance, of North Caro? lina, recently lectured at the Masonic Temple in Baltimore, under the auspices of a Business College. He chose for his theme the character? istics and histoiy oi the scattered Israelites, and delivered an eloquent address, which was enthusiastically received: Mr. Vance started out by saying that in giv? ing a lecture under the auspices of a business college, he thought a fitting subject would be the greatest commercial people iri the world. There is a river in the ocean (the Gulf stream) of large expanse,, whose waters ebb and flov all unaffected by the turbulent billows and furious waves surrounding it; and so there is a river among mankind which refuses to min? gle with surrounding waters, and whose own characteristics can be distinguished with the naked eye. This river is the Jewish people. We admire the ancient Greek and Roman nations, but we reject their God as an idolatry; we despise the Jews, but reverence the religion which they founded. For thousands of years they have preserved the same customs, the same forms and cherished the same ideas and institutions. Their exile has made them a commercial people, and although persecuted by popes, emperors and nations, they remain the same. They submitted to cruelty in the name of their own God. With all the persecu? tion the Jewish people and Church are still standing, though the stones of their temple have fallen. The lecturer here entered into the beauties and riches of Palestine, and the con? dition of the Jews in ancient times. In speaking of the perfect government of each and all the tribes of Israel, he said they were allowed to carry arms, elected their own chiefs, and could secede from other tribes in confederations of their own whenever desira? ble. The chiefs served without pay?either back or front. [Laughter and applause.] They exercised the inalienability of property, and when the day of jubilee came all property re? verted to the original owner. Every fifty years God, the King, assumed the soil, and gave back to the descendants of the first pos? sessor the right of their inheritance. This con? stant recurrence to first principles is seen among ourselves, for we have learned nothing of government during the past century. The ancient tribe went in and out of their Union whenever they pleased, and they had their slaves. [Applause.] Jerusalem, he said, sits in solitary grandeur on Judea's hills, and the stones of its temple, though crumbled, are reverenced, and just as thought is more lasting than granite will re? main revered to the end. [Applause.] The pyramids may fade and fall away, but no deep seated remembrance will remain, but Jerusa? lem shall always stand a brighter and more glorious monument than the towering spice of any church in Christendom. The wanderings and sufferings of these people during 1800 years is not to be pursued,, nor would heaa a Christian man wish to do it, for it staggers hu? man credu lity to believe it all. And what does their religion convey in this particular f That the wrath of a religious bigot is worse than the cruelest tortures or hell. Mr. Vance here described the peculiarities of the various classes of Jews in different coun? tries, putting those in Europe and America among the most intelligent and progressive. Their great longlevity, freedom from malarious diseases, and peculiarities of form were also spoken of and described. Mr. Vance said that as a man who had given the subject the great? est study and utmost attention, he would as? sert that tho Jews to-day are the sobriest, most industrious and moral .people on the globe. [Applause,] He said he never knew yet of a Jew being imprisoned for anything above a misdemeanor. [Applause.] They contribute much in charity to the Gentiles, but neyer ask them for charity in return. ("Applause.] The most they have ever asked has been to be let alone. [Applause.] If a Jew breaks down in business they set him up again, and he never saw a Jew who could not read, write and com? pute figures, especially the figures. [Laughter and applause.] They do not seek political power, and though the greatest in the extent of their business transactions, seldom own Ships or property. They are always ready to pick up and start when the day arrives. [Laughter.] . Great credit was extended the Jews by the lecturer for their having been the first to bene? fit the world by introducing the bill of ex? change. Whenever, he said, the iron hand was taken from their throat they advanced. It was only of late that a Jew was announced to have taken a lease on the Persian nation, and no country to-day could war against the power of the house founded by Rothschild. Christian men are taught by Jewish rabbis, the world has listened with delight to Jewish song, the voice of Jewish orators is heard in the Courts and in the Senate; and if it be true, or half way true, that the persecution of the nation; has been unjust, what have we to answer ford*. True, in this enlightened country all the re? strictions have been removed from the Israel? ites, and are only fastened on those whose fore? fathers founded the land and bled in its free? dom. [Applause.] But there is still a statute in the book that should be removed if Jews are to be judged by their merits like the chil? dren of the Civil Rights bill [laughter], who have always been serfs. [Applause.] The lee-' tu ror admitted that Jews had faults as citizens, and believed there were Jew swindlers, but not enough of them to compare with Christian swindlers. He had found that a Jew could not make a living in New England, for Jonathan with his knife and shingle could whittle Isaac out of his door-steps i efore he was aware of it. [Laughter.] The lecture closed with, propho cying a beautiful and glorious morning for the Jewish nation. Strange Scene in Court.?The Vicksburg (Miss.) Herald reports the following disgrace? ful scene as haying occurred at the State capi? tal on the 9th inst. "It is no secret, we believe, that Chief Justice Peyton and Justice Simrall have not maintained the most pleasant relations with Justice Tarbell, and it has been rumored that the two former have been in the habit of indulging in language highly derogatory to the latter. Last Monday, as the members of the court, all of whom were present, were about leaving the consultation chamber for the court? room, Chief Justice Peyton suggested a delay, in order that he might proceed to designate a reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court, a position recently made vacant by the resigna? tion of Josh?a a Morris, the late Attorney General. To this proposition, the report that reaches us goes on to say, Justice Tarbell re? sponded by saying: 'I see no necessity for my remaining, as I understand the person who is to be made reporter has already been deter mined on, and my vote, no matter how cast, cannot change the result!' Chief Justice Pey? ton, who is by no means the sweetest-tempered man living, took umbrage at this remark, and proceeded to manifest his indignation in lan? guage much more forcible than polite. We are ignorant of the precise words used by Chief Justice Peyton, but it is understood that some of the terms applied by him to Justice Tarbell induced that functionary to make, a step for? ward. Mistaking this for a hostile movement* our amiable Chief Justice at once prepared for 'action.' With a promptness and celerity that would do no discredit to a much younger man, he drew his knife and 'presented arms' to Jus? tice Tarbell, and but for the prompt interfer? ence of Justice Simrall, it is believed that the floor of the temple of justice would have been stained with the blood of one of its own minis? ters," ? Oregon boasts of a lady who has been married nine times, has eight husbands living, and is living with none of them. More than this, she has a daughter who is now twenty three yeare of age, and living with her third husband.