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■ I * I DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, MORALITY, AGRICULTURE, LITERATURE, AND MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. SM- JA1ES H. NORWOOD, EDITOR.] T» thine otmtelf be true; And it must follow as the night the day; Thou const not then be false to any man.—Hamlet. VOL. 1. DARLINGTON C. H., S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING MAY 14, 1851. [JOHN P. DE LOME, PROPRIETOR. NO. 11. THE DARLINGTON FLAG, IS rVBLISHEU EVER* WEDNESDAY MORNING, AT DABLINGTON, C. II., S. C., BY JOHN F. DE LORHE. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: In advance, (per annum,) • - - $2 00 At the expiration of six months - 2 60 At the end of the year • 3 00 ADVERTISING I Advertisements, inserted at 76 cents a square (fourteen lines or less.) for the first, and 37| cts. for each subsequent insertion. Business Cards, not exceeding ten lines, inserted at $6, a year. All business connected with the Flag, will be tr«nsaeted with the Proprie tor at his Office, one door above the Dar lington Hotel, or with the Editop.at his law Office POLITICAL. (From the Richmond Examiner.) TO TIR PEOPLE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Though not a citizen of South Caro lina, I feel that I have some right to converse with you in regard to your own, and the common interests of the South. The Convention which is to assemble in Charleston on the 5th of May, will probably attempt to shape the course of the State for the future; and aa, in this, the interests of the en tire South are deeply involved, I make no apology for the liberty I am about to taiae. If I nnderstanderetand the main ques tion correctly, it ia— What course is it best to adopt in order to secure the co operation of the States of the South ? I assume (and I am sure that in this, at least, I do not mistake your purpose,) that, in no eyent, do you mean inglo- riously to submit to the wanton insults and outrages of the so-called National Government. JflNkiow enough of your tefthrem spirit and intelligence to say this much. But when and how you will vindicate your just rights, remain to be consider ed. On these points permit me to say a few words. You have endeavored, through the Convention at Nashville, to procure a consultation wfeh your sister States, with a view to Merest the fearful and fatal encroachments of a reckless and corrupt Government You have solici ted them to meet you in council for this high and gacred purpose. They, with you, solemnly engaged, under the highest and most sacred alligations, that they would defend the common Constitution against all assaults, foreign and domestic. They have repeatedly declared, in the gravest forms of legis- lation, that the National Government has deliberately and* dangerously vio lated that instrument; but instead of fulfilling their solemn engagements to you and to each other, they have, or rather their respective Governments have, declared their willingness to sub mit, regardless of their honor, their oaths, and the interests of posterity. .Such are the facts; and you are ad- tfaed by some, whom you heretofore, trusted, t9follow their bad example; —with a promise, the most extraordi nary ever made by sane men, that op pression wilfincreate, that tyranny will grow stronger end stronger, until you end they will be forced, absolutely compelled, to re-win your lost lilierties by the sword! Strange madness! as tounding delusion! Wait until your enemy is doubly armed, and yourselves stripped naked, before you attempt to preserve that which is more precious than life itself! Is not this the counsel of Messrs. Hamilton, Barnwell, Toin- Mtt» Cheves, and others I It seems to ree so. Bast outrage and aggression, they adsut,- have proved impotent to rouse the People of the South to a sense of their danger; hat they prom ise us that still greater evils are yet to come! This prompts me to inquire what is our present condition! I refer not to the thousand acts of gross and wanton abuse of power on the part of the National Government. I will not point you to the pages of the Journals, stamped with the indelible marks of corruption, in almost l*ery conceiva ble form. I pan by these, and ask at tention only to that infamous system of measures called “ the Compromise." What is the condition in which that base act hat left you i It assumes, in respect to power, that you can be tax ed at pleasure, against your consent, and in despite of tnl votes of your rep. resentatives:—that by those, in no way responsible to you, you can bo com pelled to enter into the battle-field, and sited your Mood, for any designated purpose;—that you can be, as you have been, compelled to acquire territory by cowuMet or purchase, while it is dis tinctly declared to you that; though nil other people may, you alone shall not, be permitted to enjoy any part of it;— that, as a punishment for the supposed sins of your fathers, no institutions like yours shall ever be recognised as Republican, and no people tolerating them shall ever be permitted to enter into tins Union;—that, in case you, and you only, shall violate an arbitrary act, creating a new and arbitrary of fence, the punishment shall not be tine and imprisonment, as in ordinary cases, but that your slaves shall have their freedom, and be placed on an equal footing with yourselves;—that looking to your own debasement and degrada tion, you shall be made the instmments for debasing and degrading others, by furnishing the means of purchasing the soil and sovereignty of your sister States, to be transferred to your insa tiable and hostile rulers;—and in the end, that any resistance on your part to these principles and provisions, shall be construed and punished as high treason! Do I exaggerate f Have 1 not faithfully and truly presented the substance of the several acts deferred to ? And if so, do you wait for gross er outrage, or deeper debasement ? I protest, before God, I cannot conceive of a state of greater degradation than yours and ours, if we qnietly submit to this. Even that of the Kussian serf— of your own slaves—is more honorable; for in neither easels it voluntary. Ne cessity,—stern compulsion, pleads their excuses before Earth and Heaven.— Will it also plead yours I No. Your submission will be a voluntary self- abasement, unequalled in its turpitude, save in its fatuity. Bnt it is said by your advisers—I mean those who have addressed them selves to you through the public prints —that ultimate submission is not to be thought of;—that they only recom mend tem|>orary submission. It would be as well to advise a chaste female to adopt a similar policy in a case of vio* lence offered to her person, as a means of preserving her virtue. Are these men blind to the history of the past, to the experience of the present, to the very nature of things! What have twenty years of tame submission effect ed! Is the virtue, is the power of the South greater now than then I Could any man, twenty years since, have be lieved it possible that, at this day, the Representatives of the Southern States would have gone up to Washington city, and deliberately bartered the hon or, rights and interests of their constitu ents for place and plunder ? W’ould it, could it have been believed that, in open day, in the face of high Heaven, without the covering of a fig-leaf to conceal the base transaction, men in the South would be found to perpetrate such an iniquity 1 And yet it is so.— Every intelligent and impartial man in this country bellevos the whole act, in its inception and consummation, a de liberate and infamous political and pe cuniary swindle. Again: would it have been believed by any living man, tint years ago, that a Legislature of Virginia would have been found to sanction this unprecedented enormity— in the very teeth of its repeated and sol emn declarations I And yet such is the fact Wait you, then, for co-ope ration from such men I them from their torjior, and force them from the shameful trammels of their loaders. Eight months since and this might have lieen easily done;—but pro crastination has given time to the man agers to re-adjust their machinery—to fix their saddles, and with bit and bri dle-reins to ride booted and spurred as usual. The extraordinary Resolutions Rusticus expectat dum defluat anmie,— LabiHiret labetur in omne volubiiis ffivum. Permit me to say to you, in all sin cerity and frankness, unless you present such an issue to the Southern people, as ahull startle their corrupt party politi cians, you will never secure co-opera tion. The people of Virginia, and of the South generally, are, in the main, honest and faithful to the principles of of fhe late Legislature show the princi ple and the policy agreed upon. First, to surrender the South unconditionally, —and secondly, to win the Presidency as best they may. Both cliques agreed on this, though they never yet could agree on anything else. Both prefer red to yield up the rights, honor, and interests of the South, rather than to furnish their antagonists with a word to alarm the people they intended to be tray. State Rights were liable to be mistaken for disunionism,—and those patriots thought it wiser to put jtrinui- ciples in danger than plunder. But, notwithstanding these develop ments,—the fungus ontbirths of con temptible partizansbip,—the people are, in the main, honest and patriotic. They will not consent to surrender their in alienable rights, or sacrifice their hon or and interests without a struggle.— Could the question be now fairly before them, I doubt whether a solitary mem ber who voted for the resolutions of the last session would ever again be return ed to dishonor the State. Putting aside, however, these consid erations, it seems to me that you have but one question to determine. Are you prepared to surrender your rights, to 3’ield up your political equality, and to put in peril your peace, you proper ty, and your lives, for the mere purpose of securing place and plunder for a few corrupt and ambitious individuals ? If so, speak openly,—practice no dis guise,—shelter not under the poor pre text of securing future co-operation. Procrastination is destruction. They who advise you to this coarse deceive you, deceive themselves and others.— There is no hope from this line of poli- cy. The rights which you claim belong to yourselves exclusively. You need no co-operation in order to assert them If they do not not belong to you exclu sively, they do not belong to you at all. When the devouring element has seized on your own dwellings will you hesi tate to extinguish it, because your neigh bors, in their consternation, are incajKi- ble of lending you a helping hand ? 1 tell you, if you wait for the co-opera tion of other States, bound down by the trammels of party, j'ou will wait in vain. Your liberties will be irre trievably lost, and with them all that is sacred in our once free institutions.— Strike one decisive blow, raise the ban ner, and give out the ti’tmpet call, and the friends of Constitutional liberty will rush forward and rally by your side. Let your motto be, “ Equality in the Union, or Liberty ottof it.” Less you cannot demand, and be free. Now is the time to secure yourselves and your posterity that inappreciable blessing, won by the blood, and be queathed to^m by the ;>atrioti3in of your brave ancAbrs. Falter now, and all is lost, and lost forever. Stripped of your equal rights, deprived of your just portion of the public property, sur rounded by Abolition States, wired out of your own blood and treasure, as saulted on all sides, insulted by your oppressors, and basely lietraycd, sold out in the political market by your own Representatives, yon will become,— you must become,—the most degraded aud oppressed people that ever existed on the globe. I see that Gen. Hamilton (Oh ! how fallen! how fallen!) has assured you their forefathers. An ignorant hatch that Mr. Calhoun, your great and good statesman, was op|»osed to separate State action. If this be so it is un known to his most intimate and confi dential friends. More than this—it is of small caucus politicians, as they call themselves, speak only the behests of their leadeft, and labor for them only. Tim late disgraceful scenes in the \ ir- ginia Legislature find no countenance amongst the people. I have not met a man in the State who does not denounce them as conitemptible and dastardly.— Such is the universal judgment. Y ou will ask why the people do not rise and vindicate their rights and character. I answer—they have so long submitted, so long yielded their judgments to the control of small partisan hacks, that they have nearly sunk down into hope less imbecility. For twenty five years they have been taught to believe that the election of President aud other pop injays, was the only matter of interest to them. Party struggles for place and plunder, have been the only •ngrossing right to secede from the Union, be nro- questions; find as these have given birth ! coeds to examinic into the causes which under the operation of the numerical majority, has necessarily given to the two great parties, in their contests for the honors and emoluments of the gov ernment, a geographical character, for reasons which have been fully stated. This contest must finally settle down in a struggle on the part of the strong er section to obtain the permanent con trol ; and on the part of the weaker to preserve its independence and equal ity, as members of the Union. The contest will thus become one between the States occupying the different sec- tinns; that is, between organized bodies on both sides; each, in the event of separation, having the means of avoid ing the confusion and anarchy to which the parts would be subject without such organization. This would increase the power of resistance on the part of the w eaker section against the stronger in possession of the government. With these great advantages and resources, it is hardly possible tliat the parties oc cupying the w eaker section, would con sent, under any circumstances, to sink down from independent and equal sove reignties, into a dependent and coloni al condition;—and still less so under circumstances that would revoutionize them internally, and put their very ex istence. as a people, at stake. Never was there an issue between indepen dent States that involved greater calam ity to the conquered, than is involved in that between the States which com pose the two sections of this Union.— 'Fhe condition of the w eaker, should it sink from a state of independence and equality to one of dependence and sub jection, w’ould be more calamitous than ever before befel a civilized people. It is vain to think that, with such conse quences before them, they will not re sist; especially when resistance may save them, and cannot render their condition worse,” Ac. Now, is this the language of a man who would advise submission, for any purpose whatever ? The very calamity which he apprehended, and on which his views are based, has occurred.— The Southern States have been strip ped of all participation in the com mon territory—the equilibrium of the system has been permanently destroy ed—all power is centered in the hands of one section—and more and worse than this, the soil of a sovereign State has been dismembered at the point of the bayonet, and sold out to raise the means of rewarding the basest treason ever committed against any’ people.— The Texas Bribe was designed for this purpose, and for this purpose only.— And shall we still be told of procrasti nation ? What additional degradation is demanded ? Are you not told that all that has been done must be submit ted to. Is not this the voice of the politicians of the States whose coopera tion you seek? Is not the qestion closed against you, if you place your reliance on them ? And if you look to the people, think you to reach them by quiet submission? It is madness to expect it Be quiet for twelve months, and the national Government will play its patronage so successfully on your prominent men, that they themselves will betray you, as those of Virginia, Georgia, and the other Southern States have done their respective constituents. This is the hope of the Compromisers here and elsewhere. If they can se duce yon to submit for twelve months, they feel assured that, through your own leaders, struggling for Federal honors, you will become as debased and degraded as they suppose the rest of the Southern States to be. Such is the calculation here. And hence the admonitions and threats which yon hear. Remember 1832—aud how quickly, under the blandishments of the Federal treasury, did the politicians of Virginia and other States repudiate the once sacred principles of the Fathers of the Republic. Think you that, under the same inilueqpes, they will not, in twelve mouthf, repudiate the right of secession t They wilL Mutterings of Uiis I hear already. Act now, or be forever lost. Wait, daily, (alter, and you and yaju children, and we and ours, are hopelessly'ruined. Such are the views of one who has labored in defence of yonr honor and your rights for more than twenty years. SOUTHERN ABOLITIONISTS. There is a class of men at the South, who, ranging themselves under the ban ner of the Union under all circumstan ces, are doing more to effect the aboli tion of slavery than fanatics of the first of August I top it wet or dry which I consider a great advantage, checking the grow th ofthe stalk causing the forms to stick lietter, and bolls to mature sooner. North. These characters are really and truly abolitionists, and ought to be called the Southern abolitionist party. The reason is plain. The abolition party at the North is now powerful and formidable. They set out with the avow'ed and swoni purpose to effect the extinction of slavery. The party has been growing ever since the year 1818, is growing now’, and will contin ue to grow. It is composed of mate rials reckless, wild, and enthusiastic, tliat will not be foiled or discouraged. They have sworn to succeed. Their numbers are increasing. Their influ ence is becoming a matter of impor tance to the government. Constant dropping will wear away a stone. Un wearied and unremitting exertions will overcome all all obstacles. Have they ever disavow ed their purpose ? Is there any evidence that they have suspended their efforts ? Southern men cry out that they go for the Union at all haz- zards an-l under all circumstances, even at the sacrifice of slavery, that the States have no right to secede. Hint the Union is bound to come weal or come not sense enough to see, that if this doctrine is established, the abolitionists will be emboldened, and that the insti tution of slavery is doomed to fall be fore their incessant aggressions ? Those are the men, fellow' citizens, w ho, under the disguise of Union, Union men, Union party, would set yonr negroes free, would place them upon an equali ty w ith yourelves, to involve your coun try in bloodshed and ruin, to burn your dwellings at night, to violate and butch er your wives, to intermarry with your sons and daughters. Beware of such, they come before you always as Union men. By this mark you may know them.—Choctaw Standard. AGRICULTURE. simple How pure the joy it yields! Far from the world’s tempestuous strife, Free ’mid the scented fields.—Everett. questions 1 to legions of small caucuses and cons ventions, charged with the management of party concerns, they have almot- ceased to think for themselves, much utterly opposed|40 his well known prin ciples, and the whole tenor of his life. Did he teach ever that it was the true policy of South Carolina, to pass quiet ly under the yoke of an arbitrary gov ernment I Does anything ever done or said by him authorize such a conclu sion ? There must he some mistake. Gen. Hamilton has surely confounded inferences with facts, and substituted the former in place of the latter. There ,. , „ . , . - - is now before me a well considered mo « ^‘“g cireumstan of Mr. Calhoun, bearing on' ce *- They are offered wiU» deference - 1 and profound respect. If they agree agree not with those of others, they proceed, at least, from a calm survey of the whole question, and are auhmit- ted to Yapr consideration with a sin cere wish that they may be of use. Citizen of Virginia. l opinion I the wholer subject, which I submit to you is his own words. After showing that cock State has an unquestionable must lead to this result, and says: “ They consist chiefly of two; the one arising from the great extent of the country; the other, from its <Hvis- What kind of less to act Some issue of overwhelm-1 ion into separate States, having local | man like when he ing importance is occettvsey to rowo issthutfoo? and interests The former, acqwcueoocB. essence does a young | *ops the question ? BITTER MAKING Those of our readers who visited tin* Fair of the Mucogee and Russell Agi i- cnltural Society, last fall will no doubt remember the many beautiful speci mens of butter exhibited of home man facture. We have never seen better butter made any where than we saw’ there in [xiint of flavor color and solidi ty. No country can beat it and why should it ? It is a fact that Southern milk is richer than Northern our cow s do not eat as much watery food as those of the North and in truth we should make better butter than they do. And we can do it if we will; bnt those who expect to make good butter without la bor w ill lie mistaken. The whole pro cess requires the most scrupulous care and attention. 'Fhe grand secret of ma king yellow butter is to slightly scald the milk as soon as taken from the cow j or turn it into vessels that have just ! been scalded; either w ill answer. But w here servants are trusted to scald it, they frequently boil it, which is an in jury. If the pans are well scalded it . hang together, P» r P°? e - thur " th " , ^ ° yvi i 1 the milk just before it turns sour, and woe. Who has aUt J , w ^ cliun) t o stand in the sun during the churning nor add hot water to the milk, to hasten the coining of the butter. Either will give the but ter a lard appearance. As soon as the butter Jins well come take it up aud with a wooden spatula work out all the butter milk, and salt it with ground rock salt. 'Fhe common Liverpool salt should never be used about butter. W e once heard a man remark that a quart of butter w ould dissolve a ship load of Liverpool salt, and we are half inclined to believe it. Certain it is tliat it has a tendency to soften whatever it is put upon, w hilst the rock salt hardens. After the butter milk has been well w or ked out and the butter salted to taste put the butter away iu a cool place for twelve hours then work it until globu les of pure w ater ap|>ear and it w ill be butter indeed. Housewives try it Soil of the South. to raise*cabIage, &r. A correspondent of the Prairie Far mer has the follow ing remarks in re gard to the raising of cabbage. &c.: “Every spring I am called on for cabbage and other plants; when 1 in quire of my neighbors, why they do not raise plants themselves, I always hear some excuse like; ‘the bugs eat them up.’ ‘ The seed was good for nothing,’ or‘The frost killed them,’ of ‘You cannot raise cabbage plants on old lands’ &c.; and may be it is so with neighborhoods where ti e Prairie Far- reason, I e ne ver met with a failure. I have boxes prepared, about twelve inches deep, and set them up in a sheltered place, high enough to be out of jumping distance of the bugs, and fill them with a good rich soil. Before planting the seeds, I prepare a kettle full of boiling water, and pour it as hot as posible over the boxes. This kills the varmints and seeds in weeds in soil, and when cooled down some, promotes the germination of the seeds planted which came up a great deal quicker than when planted in cold soil. The seeds are sown on ton, and pressed in the warm mud with a noard, and are, afterwards, covered with about the eighth of an inch of loose soil. The plants will come up quick and thrifty, and no bugs will trouble them. Last year, I raised, in a box about thirty-six feet square, about 3000 cabbage plants, which woulffbe at the rate of $G,075 per acre. Who c&n beat it?” (From the Palmetto Standard) UOTTON CULTURE TOPPING. Mr. Editor: As the season for wor king cotton is approaching ever thing connected with that subject will be of immediate interest to your readers. I have therefore, sent you herewith a scrap which I cut from a communica tion over the signiture of E. Jenkins, Choctaw county, Miss which appeared in the Southern Cultivator. One ob ject which I had in sending the article for publication, is to draw out some of , - . your correspondents on the subject of me 1 *' circulates, and for that reas topping cotton. My own observation describe my way; and ha\i is that it is an operation requiring the most judicous attention to the circum stances of the crop. I have seen it done withgreatgood and again, with great injury to the plant Very respecfully yours. Uchee. ‘I will now give my mode of prepar ing land and cultivating cotton which I have tried for several years. After )>ursuing different plans I have fallen back on the old one as the best About the midle of January or 1st of February I commence throwing four furrows to- gether with a turning plow—rows of course laid off agreeably to the strength of land about the last of March I com mence turning out the middle which makes the ridge complete and nearly to the top from the 5th to the 10. of April I plant, by opening the ridges with a very small scooter covering with a wooden harrow which leaves the whole ridge clear of clods. About the time half Hie seed make their appear ance above ground, I put every hand to scraping it out with the hoes. I gene- rallav finish in ten day* or two weeks at furthest Mean wMM f work out my corn and then return to my cotton with turning plows and bar K off, follow with the hoes chop through, leaving about two stalks in a place and take all the grass from the drills, the plows cover ing up all in the middles. I then return to my com and work it oot. By this time my cotton is Urge enough to re ceive dirt. I pat the mould to the cot ton, and throw the dirt back and plow out the middles, following the hoes then it U very nearly to a stand and cover up what^raas there may be left it the drill by the plows. Thenceforward I _ . * manage it according to the season. V ft^r“I’m glad tins coffee don t owe endeavor to keep my ridges well np with tumfog plows so ee to keep the water drained from the cotton About the be Scibntific Agriculture.—Profes sor Mapcs editor of the Working farmer, has raised 1500 bushels of pars nips per acre 900 bnahels ol carrots per acre and 800 bushels turnips per acre by proper preparation of the soil. He also instances a farmer in F reehold N. J. who raised last season about 5000 cabbages on half an acre the sales of which were at the rate of $500 per acre. ' Perhaps there is not a more thoroughly scientific and practical for mer in the United States than/' Mapes. He seems to he a i the cultivatkm of the soil, yet to be reforms and agriculture os great and imf in any other branch of industry. me oojdungi fast ‘Why cause I den t hereafttd’ said a financier at his break - , sol’ inquired Ids wife ‘bc- belfoveLwottra ss