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Ck S?latrbiiian ait& ^otitbron. WEDNESDAY, JAN. ll, 1893. Tba Ratio of Money and Labor. Tlie fourth Interaatfortal Monetary Conference has adjourned. Its ob j^?t was to secure the international free coiuage of silver at a ?xed ratio to gold, but it? efforts appear to be' without good result The stfme old arguments used in the conference of 1878 and in that of 1S81 were repeated. The same differences of . opinion were emphasized, the same conflict of interest offered and the name failure haft resulted There is no uncertain'j about toe facts under? lying these monetary discussions. The relation of lite monetary unit - to the material welfare of a people baa be n well understood from tiie -days of Solon. The whole discus? sion from Solou's days to this has invariably resolved itself into a fight between debtors and creditors ; between debtor nations and creditor nations. If there were no debtors to pay debts ; if there were no creditors to hold bonds, mortgages and notes there would be no harassing money "questions to be solved. But so long aa debtors and creditors are to bc found, jnst so long will there be conflicting interests and a * wide difference of opinion. The creditor will usually favor a smaller and a contracting volume of currency ; and the debtor will usually favor a large ?nd expanding volume The debtor knows that the more money there ia in circulation the more easily can he pay his debts. The creditor knows thnt if his million were the only million in t he u orld he would be a much richer man, because he could lend his money at much higher interest, and with it he could buy more of the necessities and luxuries of life j Nearly every nation. State, county j -and city is in debt. And I presume that at least Ihree-fimrths of every t nation'? subjects are pretty largely in debt on their individual accounts. Ti ie debts of nations and of individuals at last fall most heavily and almost wholly, upon the producing class-the tillers of the soil, the miners and thc factory workers The preen of the products of the soil, the shops and the mines are regulated by the amount of money in circulation, excep, in so far as the prices may be affected by trusts, gambling and short crops, lt ii not denied that the amount of money in circulation has much to -do with the price of commodities ' in the settlement of debts. All! 'debts are fina'ly cancelled wi h the -rough products of the soil. The great d**b? which hung over our nation in IS65 must at last be paid by the * <nen who live by the sweat of their brows at manual lab ?r Hence, nothing i-i more impoitaut than to keep up a steady ratio between the money in circulation and the volume of business and amount of production. For instance, on Aug. 31 1865, our national debt reached its highest notch-the enormous amount of $2,756,431,471 43 Nearly the whole of this debt was conti acted during the war, for the debt in 1*60 was only $59,964,402 01. Now every one Knows that in 1865 wheat was selling for over ?2 per bushel, but to make trie illustration essy 1 will say thal it was selling for $1 30 per bushel. Mr. Enoch Hancock inform* me that wheat is now selling for 65 ceuts |> r bushel. Now, in 1865 we could have paid the win le national debt with 2,120,331,000 bushels of wheat at $1.30 per bushel We cut down the debt year by year to $?52.000.000 in 1*91. But suppose we had the whole debt of 1865 to pay today, ft would i equi rc just twice as much wheat as it would in 1865, putting wheat at the low ?figure of $1.30 in 1865 We would pay the same number of dollars, to be ?ure, but it would requ're twice as much labor now to make the same number of dollars. The bondholder in 1865 could buy, we will say, only ?3*? bushel of wheat with $1 30 ; bnt tow he ex* buy exactly two bushel*. % It is plain ll wt he would begetting twice as much as we -had expected to pay. Take another easy illustration We paid about $967 000,000 interest ou our national debt in 1875, and about $48,000.000 in ?885. Apparently we paid only ?alf as much in 1885 as in 1875. Hut if we compare the purchasing power of a dollar in 1875 we will find that, in fact, we paid more than half as much in ??*85 as WK did in 1875. Suppose tins bondholder in 1875 had invested this $96.000.40? in corn Th** Secretary of Argicul lure states that corn averaged 84 cents per bushel in 1*75, and i o] cents in 1*0*5. In 1875 the bond holder could have bought 114,000, 000 bushels of corn with his $96, 000,000, or he contd have bongin 57,000,000 bushels of corn with $48, m 0.000. In 18-5 with $48.000,000 he could have b ught 88,000,000 bush els ot corri In other words, $4\ 000,0o0 in 1875 could be turn d into 57,000 000, bushels of corn ; but in 188$ it cou'd be turned into 88,000 - OoO bushels of coin So that $48, 000,000 hi lu*5 was more valuable t han it was in 187.) by the amount of 31,000.000 bushels of corn. TV dollar of 1885 was n?ore valuable than the dollar of 1875. We say com went down ; but it ts just as true tb say that the tl dlar went up It is not far from the truth to say that corn went down, because the dollar went up. I believe I will speak moderately when I say that by the time we g^t through paying our war debt we will have paid at least three times as much as we contracted to pay. True | we will pay the exact number ol dollars set ont in the bond, but to pay this debt we will have had to j plow three furrows where we had j calculated to plow only one. If I make a five-year debt of $1, 30<>, to day, when wheat is selling at 65 cents per bushel, and then go j to work and run the price of wheat j up by increasing the money of the country, or by other 'means, so that wheat will sell fi r $1.30 in 1x97, when thc debt falls du*?, it is clear that I will pay only 1.000 ba-bela j to cancel my debt in 1897. Whereas | the creditor. wWi the debt was i made tn 1892, *-xpect**d to get 2,000 j bu bela oj" wheal. Thc correct idea, tiie principle to be kept always in view, is to maintain a steady ratio between a bushel of wheat and a dol? lar in money. The currency of a country should be so managed a* to make a dollar neither less valauble nor more valuable in the future than it is to-day. If it is made more valuable the debt is injured ; if ic becomes lea? valuable the ct editor is injured. Now it i? well known that doRar of the {ftiited States has been increasing in value, has been growing in its purchasing power, for about twenty itve j'ears, to the great injury nf debtors. The objeet <>f the.-Un'ted States in calling tiie recent monetary conference was to stop this injury' by increasing the amount of silver money in circula? tion. ]t is a struggle, in plain lan? guage, between debtors and creditors, with equity at present m the debt? ors' favor. DEBTS OF THE WOJtLD AND OF THE UNITED STATES. Who a?e- debtors? Nations. States, coontie*,' ciites, corporation*, part? nerships a?d individtialds. It appals the mind to think of the enormous debts now hanging over nations and individuals. In January, 1876, the Westminster Review estimated the national debts of the world at $22,204,000,000. The United States. census of 1890 states thc national debts of the world at "$26,060,000,000 The population of all nations aggregates -1,000.000,000- So tjiat the national debt alone, averages $26 on each man, woman and child under the sun This national debt is small when compared with ike State, county, city and individual indebtedness. Take cur own coun? try for example. The census for I ?90 puta these debts as followers State debts $ 22S,997,3?<9 County debts 145,04?,04o Cities and towns 724,463,060 School districts 36,701 948 Total $1,135,210,442 The rnoitgage debts on lands 5,3o5,000,000 Gross known indebt? edness $6,490,210,442 This is au average of .$108 per capita ; while our money circulation is only, at the highest figure", $24 per capita, or only two ninths of this debt per capita. Item five .above is based on the census report of the mortgages on laud in Alabama, - Illinois, Iowa, Kan as and Tenues-ee. These five States, on Jan, 1, 1890, had mor Iga geg ou land aggregating $906,00.?, O00, or an average of $85 per capita. This average per capita tor the whole United States gives the sum used as item five above. The debts of States, cities and counties run from ten to thirty years. The mortgage debts on farms run from three to five years. It is but a matter of plain justice therefore to so construct the monetary laws of the country as not to make the dollar of to day twice as valuable in purchasing power when the day comes to cairel these debts. Other? wise we will have to labor more than we contracted to labor iu order to pay the debt. .u 1891 we paid ab rut $24,000, 000 iuterest on our national debt. The annual interest cm the land mortgage debt above referred to. al 6 per cent , woiild be neatly $390, 000,000. It is conservative to say that the people of tl^e Utiite<i Stat?*? are paying at least ? $400,000.000 per year iuterest on debts. In the five States .above mentioned the mor gage debt increased from $64*, O00.OW) in 18*6, to $906,000,000 in 1890-an increase of 40 per cent in four years it is interesting to set out, in connection with the state ment of indebtedness, these f cts about the increase of money in circti lation : The total money coinage of the whole world in 1888 was $269.751,199 lu 1889 it wa? $307, 346,114. In 1890 it was $298.414.871 Thus we have this striking sentence-national debt of the world in 1890, ,,-$26.000 000, 000; annual interest at 4 per cent. $1.040 000,000; coinage $298,414.872 The coinage of the world, that is the* increase of the volume of money ni circulation, being !e?s than one third of the interest to l>e paid on national debtR alone, and only about one-ninetieth of the nation? al debt of the world Basing the estimates lor the whole United States on the cet. H ns reports of the five States alluded to the real estate mort gage debt of the United States incieas d 40 per cent, from 1886 to 1890 That is, fnun $3,850,000, 000. or $<>3 per capita in 1886, to $5,355,000,000 $85 per capita in 1^90. According to the Secretary of the Treasury the money, chen lation was $1,252,700,525, or $21 per capita, on July I, 1836. Un .Inly I. i860, the circulation was $1,429.251, 270, or $22 82 per cap ita. Thus wc see the mortgage debt on land alone increased 40 per cent in four years while the increase of money in circulation was only fourteen per cent <itiri?g the same period. A candid consideration of thene and many other facts of simitar im? port must force us to admit that fiie monetary laws of our country have been operating to I lie serious and a harming injury of debtors: The ratio originally existing between the doll tr to bo paid and the labor and the product to pay the dollar w.th han not been maintained as it should have been, lt has changed to f?vor the creditor, and the injustice of the change is too clear to permit ?he condition to g ? on indefinitely. Weare completely d sgu^tnd with the rev?>lufionary threat* nome of tho Tilintante demagogy*** are indulging in. Tue talk of r< p ah??g ?har ers of such municipal c??rp??ra?i??Oi? a? dare to eser rise constitutional right, of tenting to I the last ditch, any and rvpty measure adopted hy the L -Kudnfur<\ if? calcu lated to bring about a bad state of affairs and i? the es-enee of nonsense There is a point bey ono' which even a Tilluiauife .-hon! J hesitate to go. Orangeburg K ift-rpri-e. ---^mmi^m- -4K^^~-. The l?irnweli SmMuel remarks: "How would the 'plain people' cou sider if it came to Senator John Gary Kvai.s and ei'izeo Jo>h Ashley for Governor ir. 1804 ? All in sympathy with real reform might go to the re? cord." Yes, ?u<* Josh's record would show up the beet. The Tax War is Resumed. The Comptroller General h&f>, as in timated yesterday, declared war on the corporations this year, and the battle begins with to-day, the State having at its back that mont remarkable new law declaring that no court of justice in the State shall in any way interfere with the raiding of the assessments. Below is the circular of instructions on matters of taxation which is being sent to all county auditors. It is des? tined to r?i>e a row when the taxpayers begin to feel its true import : EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF COMPTROLLK.R GENERAL, COLUMBIA, S. C , Jan. 7, 1893. Mr -, Auditor-county. Your attention is hereby directed to the following: Act, to amend and declare the law in reference to the dattes and powers of county auditors, in reference to the assessment of property for taxation, when a false, fraduleut or other re? turn has been made. After the enacting words this law provides : That from and after the passage of this act the assessment of ptoperty for taxation shall be deemed and held to be a step in the collection of taxes. Sec. 2. That sections 239, 240, 241; 242, 243. and 244 of chapter xi of the general statutes, relating to che I assessment and taratioo of property, be and thc same are hereby declared to be in full force and effect and shall be ; construed to mean as giving full and complete pow? r to the county auditors independent of any rights conferred npoo county boards - of assessors or other officers as to securing a full and complete return of property for taxation io alt cases as expressed in said sections whether fraudulently or otherwise im? properly or incompletely made. Sec. 3 That the action of the county auditor in the section set forth in the second, section of this act, shall not be interfered with by any court of this State by mandamus, summary process, or any other process ; but the taxpayer shall have the right, and no other to pay his tax on such return under protest as as cow provided by law. Sec. 4. That this act shall take effect immediately upon its approval by the Governor. .There ctn be no doubts under this law as to the duties and powers* of county auditors, and they will ba ex? pected to observe carefully the sections of the general statutes construed by this act, and will be held to a strict perfor? mance of their duties as required by these sections thus construed, under the instructions heretofore given by this office in circulor form. Much of the success or failure to ascertain- the whereabouts and value of all taxable property and have it placed upon the tax books ts due to the tifi 'ient or inefficient management of the auditors of the respective counties. All taxpayers are required by law to return all their taxable personal prop? erty between the first of January and the 20rh day of February. -1893 for taxation. Kcal estate ts not returned this year. All personal property not returned, falsely returned, partially returned, or returned at less than its true value in money, ts liable to a penalty of 50 per cent. lt w the duty of the auditor whi'e faking returns to make such inquiries and investiga ions as he may deem ne .! ssary to secure a full return of all taxable property at its true value, and any auditor rceepting a return from any taxpayer when he suspects or has reason to believe that such return is not correct or full, is derelict tc bis om cial duties Millions of dol?ais of taxable perso? nal property annually escape taxation in this State, such as cash, mortgages, other credits, etc , which should be carefully looked after aud placed upon your tax duplicates and made to bear th. ir just portion of taxation Auditors are urged to the exercise of pro.per diligence in this matter of taking returns; and if the law is wise? ly, judiciously and firmly enforced much of the evils now suffered will be i remedied and the taxable property gieatly increased by getting upon the tax books every class of taxable prop ! erty i Care should be taken ic making the ; valuations made by the taxpayers of personal property as nearly uniform throughout the county as po.-sible. In the selection of assessors great j care should be exercised, and the best, most impartial and intelligent men should be taken. (A-se?sors are ap? pointed annually under the law ) One nf the greaten; hindrances to the proper valuation of all properties is the gross irregularities of values as made by the different communities AA far as may he possible let's have a fu.l, fair, just and equitable return and valuations *. A ll executors, administrators, guar? dians, trustees, receivers, officers, hus? bands, fathers, mothers, agents or fao tors sha-ll be personally liable for taxes on all personal property which was in their possession at the time when the return thereof for taxation should have been made, by themselves n According to the construction ot the hw hy th* Attorney General, all clerks of courts, masters, or other public officers having funds iii their custody, a e required to return such funds for taxatiou Respectfully, W. Il Kl.l.KhBK, Comptroller General. Comptroller General K I rbe makes specif! ? reference to money invested iu hank? aud such like io his. circular, though not mentioning it in exactly i hes? terms, aud he hays he has no fears of banks escaping taxtiou hy dis? tributing their surpluses among the rttoekholders. Hf. expects to reich every cent of this mon y, he says The auditor can go into a bank, see to whom the money has been paid out. ?nd then put. those men on their oaths as to whether they possess the money or not -The S'afe. Jan 8 h. The railroad men who waited on Gov? ernor Tillman stated that he said a cuss word '* The editor of the Register says that he had it from Governor Till? man thflt. he used no such expression. One of the railroad committee that vis? ited the Governor says over his signa tuie that whoever says that the Gov? ernor d?d not use the oatii attributed to him lies. Thus they talk about Co- J lurnhia. We do not believe in catting every wo-d Tillman u'ters in bis teeth ; again. Fro JJ his boyhood he has no ' doubt, been accustomed to the daily use ' of the-e "cuss words " Thit fact was known wheu he was elected Governor: let bim keep ap bis old habits if he so desires. We do not endorse the use of such language for various reasons, but if the Governor wishes to "cuss out" a whole brigade of railroad men, or ?ll the railroads of the State let him do it in peace. Let bim who has never used an oath cast a stone at the Governor and let him "cuss*' just as much as he pbases. It will not hurt him tn the least. Constant carping at him for this habit will strengthen him and make bim more popular.-Carolina Spartan ? -J- -? Compound Oxygen. If you are suffering from catarrh-if you have incipient consumption-if you have little or no appetite-if you have lost relish for your work-if life has be? come a burden instead of a joy-if you are tormented night and day with a nervousness that will allow you ho peaoe-if you feel that yon do need a stimulant, but shrink from poisoning your life ' with alcohol-if you are begrnning to run down-if yon would seek relief without risk-if you would ose a rpfuedy that already bas the endorsement of tens of thousands of intelligent people, and is thoroughly established in the public confidence, send a postal of inquiry-it will cost yoa one cent-to DM Starkey & Palen, 1529 Arch St., Philadelphia,"Pa., or to Mrs. A. W. Moore. Florence. S. C. Shiloh's Consumption Cure. Thia is beyond question the most successful Cough Medicine we have ever sold, a few doses invariably cure the worst cases of coughs, Croup and Bronchitis, while its wonderful soccesa in the cnre of Consumption is with? out a parallel in the history of medicine. Stace its first discovery it has been sold on a guarantee, a teat *hfch no other medicine can stand. If you have a cough we earnestly ask you to try it. Price 10c, 50c. and $1. It your lungs are sore, chest, or back lame, use Shiloh's Porous Plaster. Sold by Dr. A. J. China. Sumter S C. 1 Bocklen's Arnica Salve* The Best Salve in the world for Cuts, Bruis*.?> Sores. Ulcers, Salt Rheum. Fever Sores, Tetter. Chapped Hands Chilblains, Corns and al] Skin Eruptions, and positively cures Piles, oi* no pay required- It is guaranteed to give per? fect satisfaction, or money refunded. Prici 25cents per box. For sale by J. F. W. De Lonne. o ?ur? .??? -?-- ? ? Answer This Question. Why do so many people we see around ue seems to prefer to stiffer and be made miserable by In igeetion, Constipation, Dizziness loss of Appetite, Coming up of the-Food, Yellow Skin, when for 75c. we wili sell them Shiloh's Vitalizer, guaranteed to cure them. Sold by A. J. China, Sumter, S. C. 2 ' Rent Liens, plain and with cotton seed clause, for sale at the Watchman and Southron office. Piles of people have piles, but De Witt's Witch Hazel Salve will cure them. J. S Hughson & Co. Bills of Sale., long and short form, can be found at the Watchman and S'.uthron office. Itch on human and horses and all animals cured in 30 minutes by Wooiford's Sanitary Lotion. This never fails. Sold by A.'tJ. China, Druggist, Sumter S. C. Sweet breath, sweet stomach, sweet temper, all result from the u.?e of De Witt s Little Karly Risers, the famous little pills. J. S. Hughson & Co. Labor contracts for sale at this office. Prompt attention gives orders by mail. NOTICE. 1TAKE THI3 MEANS of notifying the public that Mr. John A. Canty is no longer an agent, or connected in any way wiib the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company J. S. COLES, Ja , Exern ti ve Special Agent for South Carolina. . Dec28-3t Watches, Cte, Jewelry Bepairefl PROMPTLY. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. A. D. Powers. Reddic'8 Barber Shop. Main St.. Sumter, S C. Scribner's MAGAZINE For 1893 PARTIAL PROSPECTUS, FRANCES HODGSON BURNETT will contribute the first serial to appear in a magnzine from her pen for many years, enti? tled ' The (Juc \ Knew the Best of All." //. C. BUNKER will furnish a series of six sketch** entitled "Jersey Street and Je-rse) Lane." Illustrated ROBERT GRANT will relate the further experiences ff Fred, and Josephine in "A Seqiel to the Reflections of a married Man." Illustrated. HAROLD FREDERIC. will contribute a political novel of great power, entitled The Copperhead. BY THE AUTHOR OF u JERRY:* Miss's. B Elliott, the "authur of "Jerry," will write a renlistic story c f life among th* Tennessee mountaineers, "The Ujrket Sper? ret." P ERSONA L R EMIXICENCES. Some Unpublished letters of Carlyle to Ed? ward living and others, dealing with a par of Carlyle's lite far different from that br ough out in the recent literature of Carlyle rriiiini. cences. Recollections of Lincoln and Sum? ner. By the late Marquis De Chambrun. Both articles are full or new matter. An Aitist in Japan. By Robert Blum, who has just returned trom a residence of nearly two years in thai country. Abundantly illustra ted by the author. Historic Moments, which have b"en a feature of the magazine during 1892, will be continued t>y some particularly Striking papers, among them eeveral by the Kreat war correspondents, William H. Rus? sell, Archibald Forbes, and others. MEN S O CCU PA T?O XS. A series of articles on the life work of men in tunny callings-ihe chief ways (exclusive of professions) in which men earn their live? lihood*. TUE WORLD'S FAIR ?N CHICAGO. A s>ii?-s will hr published later in the year giving the impressions made ny the ex bi Oi bition upon different observers of note, both A merit-UH and foreign ; and -ninny of these observers will be also artists who will illus? trate their own articles. itIS GEL L A SEO US A R Tl CL ES. ' Further"contri*?utions to th - P.tor in greai Citi?? Mts. 13 M sett's tllusii.it. d paper ?JU the London pl >;. for Home A ? to lu ruin) Children, ?*:c. Of special interest also will ne Professor H^phin's authoritative account ot the Pear) Iv-IM I Kx ped i lion (illustrated j a ver\ inteiesting article of l?clave Uzanne on th? exhibition of Woman's Ait now going on in Pari-, and articles upon attistie suij^cts, ac? counts of travrlp, etc , e c. TU E 1IL US TRA TIO XS. of the year will represent 111 ?- work not only ot the well-known ?llu.-tratort?, hut. ninny drawings will *IM> ip pear hy anists who a:e best known as painters. TCDMO. 63 A YEAR. i tum* ? 25c> A CUMBER. SPECIAL OFFERS The nam bei 8 for 189? aud a sub? scription for I8y3, $4 50 The sa mt-, willi back numbers, bound in cloth, 6 00 Now ix //te time to subscribe. CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 743 Broadway, New Vork. Kipans Tabules eme hives, l?ipaus Tabules cuir uausca. AUGUSTA LARNED. The Latest Story from the pen of;this gifted writer will soon appear in these columns. Its title is Pride and Poverty, the first of a series of Novel- j ettes by leading authors we propose publishing. . Mi Your Subscription Can Begin Now. Just as Sure j as Preaching is it that the best of current fiction appears i ' j IN I THESE \ J I COLUMNS. I ? ? ? t ^ i t i i i 111 n i i ,.. I * We leave no stone unturned to make this a HOME PAPER in every sense of the word. Are you a subscriber? A STORY is as much the part of a Home Newspaper as the news. Therefore the choice fiction from leading writers constantly appearing in these columns. If you are not a regular subscriber enter your sub? scription at once for THE HO^E PAPER like the one published in this issue are a feature with this Home Newspaper. You should see to it at once that you Do Not Miss a Number. THE DICTIONARY HOLDER Did you ever learn whit fabulous result* crew out ot th? manufacturo by Mr. Noyes of an ornamental ?ami to hotd th* dictionary J The ?tory ren.li like o f.Vuio. hut to tell it on? mud .sk mother question : Have you ever notice?] th? advertisement, of the Aermotor ComjiAnv, which ?tart? out as io'.iowi; 45 so!d in v88 2,288 sold in '89 6,268 sold in '90 20,049 so.d in 99f 60,0GQ w'? **> Mid m '92 A Steel WJndmiir?r.? Steel Tower every 3 minutes. CT These figures tell the story of the ever-growl ng, ever-going, everlasting Steel Aermotor. Where one goes others follow, and we Take the Country Weil, that ovtn'dishrnent Helot to La Verne W. N^ye*. and tho means with which it wrns Hall up until it is the timi! lexers! asor ofsteel in the West i'>e>ns only exceeded by two of the jrcat Harvester companies! was wildly finnish* 1 by 'ho Dictionary Holder husines... bnngs u* kack to IKe Holde BJftgests iiifjuiiy ts t-A ho's- it t.? k and hehl n:d still h"UU th? fi-M, increasing rapidly fr nt \r*t t.>yc?r. Tho secret -f that success jsflns: Mr. Noys has m vin a most | . -:fi i t. artistic and meritorions article, ami has maintained a iofk sfand.ird of excellente nnd snppited the irti ?ta low cure. Th* merit of tin Dictionary Holders has '." -ci. Hist they literally sold tuesich and in such pre it quanti? ties that a small pr? fit on each one has made tbe result al- ve mentioned^ ?They have (ronetoalni' stevery habitable portion cf the plebe, ?ven to the remote islands of th? sea, and axe kept by eil eookMlltra, ... IkipniiS 'l'ai>u rs ;u ?,. -J.V. ;it valut NEW MARBLE WORKS. COMMANDER ft RICHARDSON, LIBERTY STREET, SUMTER; S.'U. WE HAVE FORMED A CO PARTNERSHIP For the parp?se of working Marble ' and Granite, manufacturing , And doing? General Business in that -line. A complete work-sliop'has been fitted upon LIBERTY STREET, NEAR POST OFFICE And ' we are now ready ' to execute' with promptness all orders consigned to us.- Satis? faction guaranteed Obtain our pi ice before placing an order elsewhere W H. COMMANDER, G. E. RICHARDSON.. June 16 I 3| j ^J-r!^^^^ Amer?CaD W^^??S^^ TRADE MARKS, ?'??W^ DESIGN PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, etc. For information and free Handbook write to - MUNN & CO.. 361 BROADWAY. NEW YORE. Oldest bureau for securing patents in America. Ererv oatent taken ott L7 us.is brought before the public by a notice given free of charge in the $mt?x?if Snietwatt Largest circulation of any scientific paper in the worid. Solendidlv illustrated. No intelligent man should be without it. Weekly, S3.00 a vcar; ?LSO six months. Address JIL'NN * CO., ttBLisnERS, 361 Broadway, New York City". 1893. Harper's Magazine. ILLUSTRATED.:;: HARPKRY MAGAZINE "for 1S93 will continue to maintain- the un rivalled, " standard of excellence which has characterized it from the beginning. Among the notable features <-f"the j-ear theie will be new novel* by A. Conan Doyle, C?ns'ance Kenim:;re \Vuo!son, and William Black, ^hort stories will be con tributed by ?ho most popular " writers of the d;iy, including Mary K. Wilkins, Bicha rd Harding Davis, Margaret Deland, Brander Matthew*, and many others ...The illustrated descriptive p;ipers will embrace, articles by Julian Ralph on new Southern and Western ra> jeets : hy Theodore Child oh India: by I'.iultney Biglow on Rex?:* and li?" many';'by Richard Harding Davis on o- London ."? ea-?n ; by Cobmel ,3*. A. Dodge-on. Rittern. Bidet it : etc Edwin A. Abbey's illustra ions 0/ Shakes? peare's Comedies will be contributed by Charles Kliot. Mrs .lames T. Fields; 'William Dean Howells, Brander Matthews,-and-otf.ers. " Harper's Periodicals? Per Year : HARPER'S MAGAZINE. 4 00 HARPER'S WKHKI.Y. ...........'4 00 HARPER'S BAZAP. ^^.-...r.'.$4 00 HARPER'SYo&.se I'B-.PLE. ...; 2*00 Postage Free to all Subscribers in the United States. Canada, or Mexico. ? The vo-umes of the Magazine begin with the Numbers lor Jut:e and December of. each-year: When ur? tittie is specified, subscriptions will begin with the Number current at time of re? ceipt of or.?er. . .' Bound Volumes of Harper's Magasin?, for three years bark, in neat cloth binding, wjll be sent'by mail, postpaid, on receipt of. $3 (U) per volume. Cloth Ca.?es. for bin ding.^0 cents each-by mail, postpaid. Remittances should be made by Post Office1 Money Order or Draft, to avoid chance of loss Ne-*'papers are not to copy this advertise ment without the express order "of Harper A l?roihers. ' ' - ' Address HARPER ?? Ii ROTH EUX.. New Y?>rft" 1893. Harper's Bazar. ILLUSTRATED. IJ A i; r-.-: it's B:iz >r is M. j.'urnnl for-.-the h r> ru ?>. jt gives thc fullest aol latest juformatmu about F;i.-liions,' and ?ts numerous, illustration,*' Paris design*, and pattern -beet supplements are indi>pen.-a!>'e a?ke to the home dress lu -.ker and the professional modifie. No -expense is spared to make i's anieiic a xracti venes* of the highest oru*r. Its bright stories, amusing com? edies, and thoughtful essays satisfy all tart ev, ?tr.d its last page is famous'as a budget of-wit and humor. In its weekly issues everything is included which is of interest to women. The. Serials for lSy:{ xviii be?wnj?eii by; Wa?j?r Besa nt sod Edna Lya 1 Oiiris.tioe Te ? birrie' Herrick" will furni?b a practical cerita., emitted* ..At tho Toilet." li race. King. Olive., 1 horne Miller, and Candace Wheeler will be frequeuJ contributor.*.' 'i'hc work if w?>m?n in thc. uiuidan Kxpn.-iii'?a will- h? fullv-: represented with many ill ostral ions. 'JJ. W Higginson, "fir' .Women and Men,'' vf iii please a cultivated' audience. Harper's Periodicals. Ter Year: HAR P K R'S M A (i A ZIN K, Ons Year.4 ' 00 HA lt PE R'S W KKK LY, One Year.$4 00 HA RP KR'S BAZ \ R,."...4 OU HARPER'S YOUNti P?0P?E.-?.2-00 Postage Free to-all subscribers in the United States, Canada, or Mexico. The volumes of the Bazar begin with ih? first number lor January- of each year When no time is mentioned subscriptions will] begin with the dumber current at time of rS--' ceip? of order. ' ;~ Bound 'Volumes of HARPER** BAZAR forthr.ee years back," in neat cloth bining, will be -en: .J by mail, postage paid-, or by express. fre?? of expense (provided the freigl.t Hoes not exce-'d one dollar per voluo e.) foV $7 00 per rt-Iaiue Cloth oases for e'ajrh volume, suitable for; binding, will le sent by mail, postpaid oh. receipt of $1.00 each. ' ' Remittances should be made?by Post-Offi'c* Money Order, or Draft, lo avoid chance ni lh$* Newspapers are not to copy this advrrtise ment without the exptess order of Harper.A Brothers. Address HARPER ? BROTHKKS, New York. SOtix Year. The Great Farm, Industrial and Stix-h Journal nf the South. ONE- TSAR FOR $1- " ?Sample copies will be mailed FREE on ap? plication to THE CULTIVATOR PURL SHIN G CO . Box 415, Atlanta, G* Special Premium of Ft ee Ticket to World's Fair. Dec 14. If you want A FIRST CLASS EASY .HIDING Road Cart, AT A REASONABLE PRICE, GET A Geiieseo, GEO. I. STEFFENS & SON, Wholesale Agents. Charleston. S. C. . TO RENT. j ITIITHRR (?Ii BOTH BUILDINGS, fur- ! 1 j nibbed or not, opposite the A. C. L.pas? tetiger depot. Lundi counter, and 2 Soda Water an?ratures and Milk Shake attachment. Cull on or address, CURTIS HOUSE. H. B & C. S. CURTIS, Proprietors, Sumter, S.?. THE Nuts, j Mince Raisins aM Meat We are now offering, RENEW GOODS AND THE PRICES ARE VERY LOW. . Heinz's Mince Meat, Mic. Mixed Nuts 15c. per pound. Having quite a large line of Canned Goods we would be pleased to make prices in quantities. KINGMAN & CO. Dec. 12. I Fa rmers buy horses in Jan nary, so 1 will have in A Fresh Car Load Dec. Come and See Them. Hi KARBY. Sumter, Si ?., Dec. 20, 1892. Furniture A Large and varied assortment. All Grades at most reasonable prices PICTURES, mmm SHADES, AC. Call and see our stock and prices before buying. Satisfaction guaranteed. J. D. CRAIG, Furniture Dealer and Undertaker, Cor. Canal and Main Sts., Sumter, 3. C. M?mM and WIJTTEB? / We are coming again to the front with a full line of MEN'S LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S BOOTS AND SHOES. . ' Be Fair with yourself and see. Our Fall Stock Before Buying. A Bi D (Sign of the Big Red Boot,) Is the Bight Place to pt the Bight Matthe Bight Prices. . Our Styles are popular, and ..?? . Our Goods possess the Worth and Honest Merit. ' There is no question about Our Prices being the Lowest in this Market. Everybody will testify of that, and Our Goods will please you. We lift up onr voice to announce that r \\ ' We expect every one to do their duty and Come and inspect our immense Stock of C ll fl C C Ranging in price C If AC ? 3nUCJi From 25c,to $7* OllWMt ... There can be no risk in seeing our immense stock of FOOTWEA But there is positive loss for you by not coming to see us. Therefore drop in and take your choice of anything m. our stock at a price that is bound to make you come again. We call special attention to our Men's Cong. Gaiters Goodyear Soles at $3. Ladies' Kid Button Shoes at - - $2. These are bargains that will not l?e Found anywhere during this Season. Oct 19-v