University of South Carolina Libraries
"Re Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's TETE T?DK SO?THKON, Established June, lz?? fionsoiidate? Ana. 2, 1881. SUMTER, S. 0., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 4. 1893. _ . . m il il am gam oop?? j. ??? taw? New Series?To?. XII. No. 23i Published ? ? a 93a&7, . Gr. CATEEN, St^TJ?f 3. C. j *wo Dollars per a??m?in advance, advert?]****78 ? ? Square, firs ir.9ei?oa.$1 W er subsequent iase?ion. 50 Contracts for three?onths, or lotrger will made at reduced #??? Vllco man?c&tion?wtich subserve private wests will becharg<f for as advertisements. )bitaarie3 and tritytes of respect will be irgedfcr. ER. rUi:ntv deposi tory/sJ?TEii> s- c id up Capital Jf-V ? ? $75,000 04 rplus Fand . ft]- S . .? 11,500 00 transacts a Geoefil Backing Business. 3areru! atter.tio/pv*n to collections. SAVINGS jbEPARTM EXT. Deposits of $i *d upwards received. In telailo wed et pe rate of 4 per cent, per aura. Payabif quarterly, on first days of auarv, April, fc? *od October. r. M. WALLACE, President. L. S. Casso?! ig. 7 (gebier SOMIER, SC. CITY AND pO? NT Y De?>SIT0RY. Transacts a genial Baoking$>usioe88. ?M so bes \ . Savings lank Department. Deposits of ?l?)0 aud up-a?rds received, terest calco?ate|at the rate-lof 4 per cent, r annum, payafte quarterly.i W.?. B. KAYN3WORTH, "W. F. Rhax? ? President. Cttshfr. log 21. j NEW JUMBER_ YARD. ' BEG TO KjORM MY?FRIENDS AND tb* public ?ener?il?r t?t ?ny Saw MUI cated on theic. S. & 'S. g. R.,"just back of y residence,,^now in fu! operation, and I a prepared to' furnish aggrades of Yellow :Oe Lumber ?rara unb?ed?timber, at prices cording tof adfs. Yard accesjale on North fide of residence. <J. B. ROACH. Feb 18. I THljNBWSORK WEE?LY HERALD, ,)ne Bollar a Year. ? ? Daring 193, tbe W'eeZy Herald wili be i thou t qui lion tbe best *n? cheapest family >ornaf po fished hi Aderica. It wiii be rofnsely ii tetrated by tb? cesi artists ia the >UDtry, ai ! will be a magazine oi literature, rt and njrs absolutely uurivaled a ils iceHeace* "Will b ally pic oming y M? Mmi rapbicaliy whil* "tcj s hiscorv, Escribed and ?rtis rreat feature of tbe rl?ll Fair, en parti??lar attention.. Sai the deserti s r. 3 of everything the gre^Exposition, and so lily the ? illustrations, that WttkbjJkrald next summer 1 as saiisfiiciyrv as a eisit to .Will be* om p?ete w? onnected roe to the . perusal of vili be al ?bicago. Pr?ses JEaeii Week Will be j^rarded ftr-ihe best original .-tides on ^cultural abject Each issue vili cootak?t p*ge de/olea to practical and ?cientifie fajiing. The Woaia s Dep^cteent will uoesrelled practiea?suggesi?cia. to muke the bom* n re attraete. Every *?k there nSl be a number of special artices on a l opics of humnn inter St. Among; the nor%?s who will write ltories for $e WceB^mtrald are Jerome K. ferome, Stouiak. Me Gr m wood, Edwin irnold, J? Strange riu 'er, Marie Gorelli, ?elen MfttQgB, Floren* Warden, Harne Nis se* and Hfei?lton Aide. SEND ?DK PB?MI?M LIST Address,!* m ES GORDON B EN ETT, -<<New Yorkderald, New York. Siseri le How. w For W Pa AMES ! l\f?\ Subscribers )VVU to tbe EENtr WINSTITliTION* Pabl?fed at ATLANTA, GA. TUE FAITEES FRt%?fD, a uo?e couranios. Has airead 156.000 Sumeri Oers?The Lar gest Ci^uiation of Week Ir News pier IN THH WORLD. the gIlaT SOUTHERN WEEKLY. Its Agri?Zural Deyarigteni "s tbe best in tbe land. % I?8 Worths and Ckild^r?g cdKians are of Boosaal d?j^c6tic ?nteres] Its Sj>ecU Features cost more mouey than is ?aid by an> te? Sou;he?i papers combined for general readjbg rn?.tt?. Its Nem Hol Bill Arp Uri: Dr. Talmadg Joe/Cb^ler ?ce P. Rafd egWadyfi^J M. M ertke xrrld* eacbes or it. rris (%le lemfe), W*l Piaat L. St*ton are b;? it. e'Plu*ett}hasa weekly bert Lo oil 3evensoo, aek StocVbn Richard tb? best library ge a? to is cilumns. .t is [D EVER Only arme? E I3AN JBDU Year. fc^eots wcnted m et* Ut- , Trki'K for it. agents io SEND FOR ^ coplES_ SEND i A MES ^?lfhe addresses of ^%\d five neighbor* wn0 ^MFree Cop ?es W^A&ge*t? terms, ^arOIubsof e.forlsa, AbuRESS, rFor ^_?TLANTA, GA. i f^be bluet Highest of a? in Leavening Poi ABSOLU INSURE YOUR GINS ?-in Ith e? Assuranc??ompany y OF LONDON, THE LARGEST COMPANY IN THE WORLD That takes fire T?sks on Gins. For particulars^ etc., apply to ALTA1?T MOSES, AGENT. P. S.?We do also a Gene ral Fire Insurance Business, and represent tie MUTUAL LIFEjlNSURANCE of JfewjTork, the largest in the world. Aag. 17. announcement. ROBERT T. CARR. Desires to inform the public That he is fully \ eq^jjfiped and prrpared todo m ROGFINGj PLUMBT?B. RE&ffilNS PUMPS, and anything usuali] done in a first-class plumbing and tioning|shop. Sign and Deco rative, Paiuting, Cateo mining etc. Also SETTING FANCY WOOD AND M ARK LS j MANTLES, T?K HEARTHS, FACINGS AND GRATES-. Makes a specialty ol patting in Electric Sells, Annunciators, &c. RO-BT. T. CARR. Shop at J. Carr's Mill. Communications Irft at Wa!s?? ?t Co 's Shoe S'ore or through post ofE-.-e vvjll receive prompt attention. Oct 26?o what is it? \ THE PUREST AND BIST TONIC IN THE WO RID. jt builds up the sys?era il purifies the blood, it beaatiSes the complexion. TRY IT, AND HAYE ?O OTHER. Only 5Ce. per betti?. Fer s.!e by all your Druggists. THE MURRAY 0100 00,5 Manufacturers and Pn^rietors. April 20. Just Received A BIG STOCK OF 0? jffs ?r ?fi 9 Fine Extracts FOR THE HANDERCH?EF, SUPERIOR TEILET SOAP. St S. HUGHSON & G0.s Moneaban Biock. MAI? STREET, Jane 22. SUM TER, S. C. ?@? ??@??< ?Tho ssuOles* P'H Ss tiza World! OS of recru: ilr.g beo". ;.? is d:sc?vi-red in, <U a @Tliif Ut er Pilli @ In iiversi?ecticas, >ick lieadiche, dys peosla, 3at?il?nce ipartbtir.i, bilious a colic, cut.ti'ins of the slcia. and till troubles of tli* bowfels, tlieircurntive I sfSccts are mo rvt,;o?s. Tliey arc u cor ?rcciiveas arel] a* &$; :. cat3i:trtic. , Very srr.ail and cm to t?:;c. Prier-, ' 2.~c. C?ce, & 4J*ParJcFtace, . Y. TME Sumter institute. HE INSTITUTE happened its sessions rp3E ISS I undor The boarding department is weil appointed and the rooms are rapidly filing up. Those desiring rooms should apply ai ?n early day. The Art room bus been ulargedaud refitted, affording Hm;>!e ?i?ht, an?-tl! necessary facili ties for good work. Special lessons in Paining aid Drawing, each $If> a term; in Bofrk-keeping, Steno graphy, Typewriting and Penn:?nship, etch $10 a term; Instrumental nr.d Vocal Music e*ce $2,0 a term, with $'.'> for use cf ?nstument for practice. Elocution $1.50 a ttrm. Students will be received tor any of these special courses at any tum during the ye^r, and we solicit patronage ?f the ycu^Z ladies of >he city not regularly egered in the school. For further information ? ! to . F?fcN-K WILSON, Piesident. for SALE. TEN OR W ELY E HUD HORSES AND Mules, will be sold by Mrs. Leonora McCutchan, administratrix, of estate E- H. McCutchan. Apply to J. Btanding Jones, at Sumter Cotton Mills. Dec. 7,1392. : n?tIceT THE SUPERVISO* 0? RiCG?TRA TION will be in b* office on Saleeday o? each month, for the purpose of issuing certifi cates of Registnuiou toja I i persono who have become twenty-one yeajg of age since the. laat General election. A !sdjtranefers^to thoie who have changj^j?ft?^?^>idencc ^ ;WtS. JAMES, ?or of Regtetranpo Sw? T..1 II, ver.?Latest LT. S. Gov't Report THE GREAT ISSUE. ! The Origin and Growth of our Present I Financial System, and the-Remedy I for tkv Wrongs for ichiih it is Res ponsible. j The numerical increase, territorial i extension of population, and rapid and J vast accumulation of wealth during the j last thirty years in this country, has : created an urgent want of radical j change in legislation rela*iug to iodus ? trial pursuits. ' The present laws were enacted for the I benefit of less than 35,000,00<>, of peo ple at a time when the country was in an unsettled condition from the effects of tbe civil war. The country was [doubly impoverished from the expense of maintaining contending armies by the people of one nation. The war debt incurred by the North to be paid by ths government was near ?3,000, 000.000. The debt of Northern States, countries, and municipalities, exceed another billion. The people of the South had expended at least ?2, 000,000,000, without-, receiving re payment. In addition to this loss, the J South was fearfully impoverished by devastation and destruction of property, the distressing results of invasion. ? This section of the country was de-' ; prived of its accustomed labor and left j I to establish a cow order of procedure. I The railways and other industries of j j the entire country bad suffered from \ \ destruction arsd decsy. To restore the ! I country to a condition of prosperity, j i required legislation adapted to exiting i exigencies. During the war a few had j accumulated immense sums of money I by speculating in government bouda, i enormous profits ia army and cavy contracts, and an increased price of I manufactured products For example, | i some cf the iron products advanced ' ' ?40.00 per ton wealth was iu tbe ! ! hands of a few. Railways must | ! be repaired and new Hues cou- j structed ; Factories. re-built and j j enlarged ; the entire industrial pur- j i suits must be restored ai?d the Na- ! ; tionai and State debts paid. To ac j comp'ish this, cbe^p. money w s issued j i by the government, and St--.es vied j with each other iu granting franchises to ? 1 incorporations containing legalized | opportunities for rapid easy and uufor- j t?nate methods for money getting. I Legislators prompted by patriotic and I honest desires to assist an impover?3? ed j j people, were actuated by capii a! ie te to i j shape legislation under their direction j i in such a Diano er as would most bent -fit j investors. 1 ne legislator inexperienced ? I in tbe subtle ways of finance was ea-iiiy ! induced to grant franchises which to : him appeared just, but which the shrewd financier well knew would result iu I centralizing money into the bauds of a ! ! few. A doubly profitable system of j ; banking was established ; incorporadons j ! were formed for every variety of j ! industry and speculative purpose ; ships j i were freighted with immigrants and j j brought over i m manse sums cf foreign J ! money. The former found profitable em- ? \ p?oyment, the la er received high rates J j of interest. The country increased in J j wealth and population in a ratio of: ' rapidity uuequaled by any other nation | j of the glebe : The legislator actuated at first by tbe j best of motives iu Legislating for the ! j benefit of the people, soon from a tas* : J of the luxuries furnished by money ; j began to increase the advantages of j I franchises for wealth acc urn lati OD an;: j I - ? concentration, unt:l men were permit- : : ted. by law to form Trusts, Capita!; < combines. Incorporations which have I ' controlled the value and fixed the price ! j of the necessities of life by driving our j j of existence the salutary e?Tect of com- j ? petition. _ _ j Worse than this, railways and other incorporate bodies, have and are per? > : ted to irsue an immerge amount of stock, not represented by a monied payment, j ! ' " is no uncommon aflair for a I ! railway costing say S3,000.000, j ; to increase its holdings to ?20,- ! i 000,000 .of stock and bonds not- j ; withstanding no additional money in i ? excess of its originai capital stock was I invested by the shareholders. I Legielatlon formulated und enacted < i thirty years ago, under the then ondi- ! j tion of affairs illy fit.-? the wants of 70, 000,000, of people increasing annually ? at the rate of al per cent, and inter- ! spersed over a territory from ocean to j ocean. Legislation should have been provi- ! j sional, oniy permitted to exist until the j growth and additional prosperity of the ! country required a change, liut as the ! political parti- s approached near equal ? ity in number, neither dare propose the i i needed reformation in legislation. In ! I addition to this reason has been added | j the expensive fashion of electing legis- i j lators, and noue but the rich could j I afford to accept office, and they were ! I especially bcoefittcd by letting affairs ? j alone. We have endeavored to relate ? : briefly the history of causes that have produced a monopolistic power, and centralization of wealth. These hav ing the control of the government iu i I the pursuit of their methods, have ; created the existence of oppressive ; wrongs under which producers and ! j consumers are waiting to find some just I ; and practical plan to be relieved. Grain producing regions have extend- ! ed thousauds of miles away from sea board markets, and transportation of j soil products by railways co*t more than half the value of the product. The ! farmers to secure cheaper transporta tion of tbeir products, h'.ve formed ] political alliance. Railway employees ? observing that soon they would be com- j pellcd to pnrsae their dangerous avoca- ? tion for reduced wages, bave in the Sooth and West united to elect law ? makew?p&dged -to prevent snob a ea- j Y&:{**'t? aroused to '< ihe necessity of an altered legislation, ; have proposed a platform in haste and implying an enormous increase of the j public debt.. This party will continue to exist, to unite with others on the best j and most certain pian of success. Wage i earners have lost hope iti resisting capita] by contentions and fores, and J they too are working for a remedy to j meet their wants. Greater in number than aril, arc th-s j consumers ; the general publi-c, who j have come to know that the necessities of life are produced by Trusts, that the j price of sugar, oils, tobacco, whisky, paper, gas, electric lights, etc.-, is frxed by these Trusts. Competition is des troyed and the people are left to pay the price that greed and avarice de mand. The price paie furnishes means to pay high rates of divi dends on aparent stock values many times in excess of cost. For example : The farmer pays for bis binding twine such a price as will warrant dividends to the Cordage Company on its stock of ?25,000,000, that cost to reproduce the plant less than $5,000,000. similar ratio will be found to exist in the majority of Trust Companies. Philadelphia and Reading Railway Company with an original stock of ?3, 000,000. has by increase of mileage, leased lines and purchase of coal properties so manipulated the rates of transportation of coal as to make it $2 00 a ton higher to the consumer than would be charged if leit to open competition. Th-e phil- ; aotbropists to reduce tee number of criminals and lessen the amount of crime committed, want a limitation of immigration. Ex -President Hayes recently stated before the National Piisou Association, "that immigration as it exists today, is the lion in the path | in the progress of America." One in every hundred of our population are criminals. In a single decade many thousands of these come here from Europe. Formely ihe love of liberty and the laudable desire for improving their condition was the leading motive for immigration; now employers of large bodies of un e o want cheap labor, shippers, and agents, by (heir greed for gaiu, and worst of all the increas ing efforts of European authorities to send here their chronic paupers, luna tics and criminals, have given to this question a gravity that bas net before belonged to it. From more than &0 per ceak of the population a demand is made to e J change legislation that each of the com- j olaiaaiits will have a remedy for relief ? 1 of their individual and necessary wants. ! For a fir more important reason new legislation is required. A wise Creator has fixed the requit ments for preserv- ! ::ig and maintaining a race of people, ; which necessitate an expenditure by every individual. As things are going, laboring meu will soon be too poorly paid to make the purchase, and the race wilt become mentally and physi- j caiiy degenerated. Laboring men of the South brought into competition | with slave labor furnish a home exam ate of this frightful evil From the ; South and West has come a cry as ? potent and certain of being heard by the nation as the voice from the wilder- j ness, saying there is a demand for, and j there shall be a political movement to j peacefully and legally remove the cause j of discontent and remedy the existing j legislative evils. This sentiment is moving eastward I upon the home of monopoly with a resistless force, gathering recruitd in its progress from the ranks of labor, con sumers, the general public, philan throphis'ts, moralists, ana men of selenio and the professions, who rarely meddle j with politics, but will be active sup- j porters and valuable advisers in the ! movement. A plau for cure must be ? lormulated so as to both effect a remov al of the cause, aud a prevention of re- j currence. Tho cause is aa existing ] legislation utterly uoadapted to meet j the imperative wants of more than 80 per cent of the people by conferring franchises to corporations by which its J stuck is allowed to represent fictitious J values, by continuing legal nates of in- ! terest, iu excess of tho market value of j money, and permitting further fmmi- j g ration. The remedy is : first, to-legally, re- j duce the stock of railways and other | incorporations, that it shall only repre- ? seat the aciual cos!, of reproduction j The present railways are repre- ? seated by ?12,000,000,000 of bonds ? and siocks, aud they can be repro- j duced for one half of that amount j With such reduction and prevention of j dividing more than o per cent annually, j transportation will be reduced G per | cent, aud money euough remaining to | pay labor a good price. Thoughtful aud houest men will care- | fully consider the justness of such a procedure by the nation and by the I States. Is it right to reduce tho holdings of railway and industrial stocks to cost of j their reproduction ? ?hall the rate of I interest be cut dowu one half? These j are very important questions and worthy of the most careful and serious consid eration, j The first subject to be considered? Is it demanded for the general good of tho great majority of the people? Is it ! legally, constitutionally and morally ! right to take from the rich one-half of j their property, and reduce their income ; more than 50 per cent 'i We will endeavor to answer these questions ia oider of their asking. ; Whenever a. stock is issued by a fran- j chisc right for more than the actual amount paid for such stock, it is right j to reduce it to the exact amount of i money that was paid for producing au J industry to be supported and maintained ! by the people. That such reduction is j demanded lor the general good of the people, is evidenced by the enormous pnce charged for home necessities, transportation o? products and, low value of production* The right to issue stock is obtained by a legal enactment sub ject to revision, or cbaog?. Therefore,, no legal difficulties exist. Numerous precedents a this aad oth- j er countries clearly show that similar reductions have been made whenever the public domain requires it Wbca the safety of the Republic required the abolition of slavery, slaves were set. fret;-i notwithstanding it cost a loss to slave,; holders of a greater amount tbau is; i$ quired to reduce the stock of corpora- I tions to their actual cost value. The Carpet Bag Government of Ten nessee, mostly composed of non-residents issued an e^-cessive amount of state bonds for railway construction. When j the people of the state constituted the j legislature and found that, only about one third of the face value of these bouds had been expended in thei" state, \ they repudiated them and settled with bond holders by paying one half of the claim. Those who are familiar with the facts, recognize the correctness of the settlement, A similar precedent was made by the states of Minnesota and Georgia. England reduces the amount of incorporate stock whenever a company is unable to pay dividends to its share holders. In addition to these reasous is found precedents in every, city and town throughout the country. A street or railway when the public good requires its construction, is built by condemnation aud appraisement of property ; rates of fare are cut down ; ! prices are fixed by law of articles used by the public. Added to these reasons is a still more potent one and that is, that no man or corporation where the public maintains the business in which they are engaged, have a right to have their manufactories represented by a larger capital than cost, because the title to this increase is a fictitious aud errone ous one. The world believed it wrong to enslave a human being and to treat man as chattle good- ; it believed the title to slaves was a wrong title, and should not be claimed to exist by its owners, and abolish it. No question arises as to the right and authority of any State to reduce its legal iuterest as it deems most expedient and advisable for the best interest of its people. The present administration bas establis: ed a rate of interest for its bonded iudebtnees at 2 per cent. The cholera scare brought out the fact that the government Ind a right prohibit immigration. The present congress will be asked to prevent im migration for one year. The harm that has been and is being inflicted upon the working people of this country by competition with cheap and pauper labor is far more harmful to the masses than cholera. Everywhere are heard demands for an enlarged circulating rnonied currency for business purposes. Tbe people are solicitous and fearful that this de mand from its urgency will cause the \ issue of cheap money to at least par tiaHy take the place cf the present currency. Our bank notes are tbe most valuable paper money io the world, even worth a premium in sev eral countries ; and every American is proud of bis country's curreucy, and will regret to see a change made What is wauted is more currency of equal stable value, in ratio of pay ment of government bonds, wiil be a reduction of bank issue, as it is allowed to be only issued on government bouds purchased by the banks and held by the government. What is wanted, are more and cheaper bonds cf longer duration, that uew banks will organize and issue bank notes. This country has entered io to a solemn obligation to pay annually say $200,000,000, in pensions. This pay ment made because the people believe it due to soldiers and their heirs, and is a debt which should be paid to the pre servers of the Republic. Tho obliga tion is as binding on several coming generations as the present, and should be proportionately paid by them. Then let tbe government issue two or less . billions of bonds drawing 2 per cent in terest, and sell them to banks, that an increased amount of bank notes can bs' issued, aud if the banker receives but 3 per cent on his purchased bonds, he can afford to loan his issued money at 3 per cent and no one will claim tie is a usur isi A party organized for carrying oat the proposed methods suggested, implies uo radical change? affecting the credit of the country at home or abroad. The foreign relations and general manage ment of the government are not to be altered or disturbed. All that is pro posed, is that wrong methods of money getting and holding be done away; that capital shall give back to the people, that which they have given the wealthy by wrong legislation r. that the increas ing danger of monopolistic power shall be destroyed, and every man have a better chance. To this party no Anar chist or Mutualist, need apply. It will be a party of the people seeking by just and peaceful legislation to remove old civil errors grown out of forced exi gencies. To cause a legislation to keep abreast with the wants and demands of an increased population. 'i\< mainisin a nearer epua?ty in the social relations of tuen, by prevention or .iccumulated wealth by a very, very, few. S R. Rbckwith. The Cost to tbe Country of the Pension System. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, the [Jnited *j-:a:tvs paid on account of pensions $118.548.959 71, nearly one-third the torai ordinary disbursements for the year. The appro priation fur the Current y?:ar is ?SI33. 473,035, and the estimare for !? >1>2~3 is ?J44 95 000. An item so large must of course be an influential factor in determining the fiscal policy of the government Systems of revenue must be so adjusted as to make provision fo; it, and in the regulation of the currency the annual outpouring of such a sum into general circulation is an important consideration. A"b?anch of our national administration so vast in its transactions aod so far-reaching in its effects ought, it would seem, to be well understood by our citizeus in its history aud develop ment as well as in its present state. But such is not the fact. The subject has not engaged the careful attention of students : intelligent citizens who are well informed upon the tariff and the currency have but a vague aud general knowledge of the peusion sysfom. This field has been abandoned qnite too far tothose who have occupied it from partisan or pecuniary motives. I The increased expenditures arising from tbe pension legislation of the Fifty-first I Congress bave attracted general notice, and there is reasou to believe that the tp.eo.ple are at last disposed to inform j tf^eUpSelves concerning.-. i>?c chisf item iu '. tire ua'joo/? aooiia! bu4l?efc^ , . ?.? ** * '. Tbe pension system of the United States, which?including tbe appropria tion for the current year?-has taken from the Treasury more than a billion and a half of dollars (over 04 per cent, having been paid out since 1861). had its rise August 26, 1776, in a resolution of the Continental Congress providing that "every commissioned officer, non commissioned officer and private soldier who shall lose a limb in any engage ment, or be so disabled in the service of the United States of America as to ren der him incapable of afterwards getting a? livelihood, shall receive during his life or the continuance of such disability the one-half of bis monthly pay from and after the time tbat his pay as an officer [or soldier]; ceases." The monthly pay of a captain of infantry in active service was $26-|, and that of a private was $6|. The benefits of the resolu tion were also extended to officers, marines, and seamen serviog upon armed1 vessels. Claims were to be ad justed through the legislative bodies of the States where the applicaDts resided, which were authorized to make pro portionate allowances in cases of less than total disability. In 1782 a maxi mum pension of $0 per month was granted to disabled privates and non commissioned officers in lien of half pay. On account of the inability of Congress to raise money by taxation, the States, in 1785-. undertook the payment of pensions, until the adop tion of the Constitution made it possi ble for the general government to perform this function.?E i ward F Waite, in Harper's Magazine for Jan uary. It Must be Cut Down. When the expscses of an inividual aro greater than his tac?me, unless he has a reserve fund to draw upon, there is one of two things for him to do, one is to call a halt and see where he is, the otber is to go on until he winds up in bankruptcy. The sensible man will call a halt, review his methods, and change them before he runs to ruin, tho s?ly or the desperate man will run on in the old style until the smash comes. It is with the nation as with the in dividual. If its expenses exceed its in come it must either call a halt, get back iuto tbe lines where it can see its way and meet its obliga-tkms- or go into bankruptcy. Governments do not fol low the same business methods tbat in dividuals do, nor exercise the same judicious economy for lb e reason that wheu they want money they levy taxes to get it, bue if they do this to extremes it is only a question of time wheu they will have to go to borrowing and get in debt beyond their ability to pay out. There are nations in Eu rope today which couldn't, if they used their utmost endeavors, raise the money to pay their indebtedness. They are practically bankrupt, although they rank amongst the fore-most of the nations and are con sidered wealthy. Some nations, like some individuals, never expect to pay their debts. With them it doesn't make any difference bowh-eaviJy ibey may become involved, but with the honest o nion which values it9 reputation aud character it docs make a difference and such a nation ought to go slow and when it finds itself going too fast it should call a halt and consider its methods. Up to the time of the war ours was a reasonably economical Government. There was little extravagance and no squandering of the people's money, but for the past three decades the tendency has been to extravagance, which has grown with the years until it has be come marvellous, marvellous chat pub lic servants would go to the extreme is squandering tbat the men who were en trusted with the administration of public affairs have gone, and marvellous that the peopie bave borne it as paiien-tly as they have, Jive ban?red millions of dollars a year to meet the expenses of this Govern taeos, eight dollars per head for every man, woman and child in it, when a third of it should- bo eujple, and with honest business-like methods and : genuine democratic economy would be hi not&ir.g has this extravagance been more apparent than in tbe pension laws, by tb-? operation cf which the peo-j pie have been most mercilessly plun dered, not so much to benefit the soldiers iu whose behalf the plundering laws were enacted .but by tricky politi I cian9, who sought to perpetuate their own rule thereby, and by thieving pen sion agents, who reaped a rich harvest from tb^ pensions they secured for claimants. It is no mystery cow ibis monstrous imposition upon the people has grown to its present enormouH proportions, for the politicians of the party which has had control of the Government wholly or in part i\.<r thirty years have played love for the soldier as oue of their big cards, and it was for a long time re garded ad evidence of a lack of patrio tism p.nd of hostility to the men who "saved the Union,'" to object to any bill with a pension attached to it. Thus the mouths of public meo '.rere closed and the work of plunder went on. ]>t it has gone so far that the Treas ury s now oa the verge of bankruptcy , and necessity, if- not honest dealing with tin' people, demands a halt and an investigation, a taking of stock, soto speak*-. Tire day to question a man's patriotism because he demands a reform in methods and aa abatement of the abuses so long perpetrated has passed Even the soldiers themselves have begun to realise this. There will he, when the claims now pending are considered aud the names go on the rolls something over a million names on the, pension list. It will take next year $180,000,000 tojpay the pensions due, with au annual increase j until the suoi reaches within a few yeais more than 0200.000,000 la there a ? sane man in America who believes that j honest pensions could ever amount to as 1 much as this, cr anything like it ? Is there any sane man who wilt say that inquiry should not be made to ascertain how much ? f this laoaey is honestly, and how much fraudulently expended ? Is there any sane man who will say that the men entrusted with the administra of affairs by\ the people will do their duty to the people if theyr do not inves tigate and fine ont how this is, where the people's nxmpy is going, to whom and what for, whether to soldiers wmr haye. a just, cjairnj^" pensions,, or to ? _ ?* frauds who have none ? This is not a matter of a few collars for a few years but of millions of dollars for an indefinite number of years. The way to deal with it is to deal with it bravely and honestly, and begin to cut it down at once.?Wilmington Star. Morals of the Pension Sys tem. For years to come our pension system must be an in.pressi ve object lesson to ri&ign generations of Amer icans, and those who come to us from other lands. Should they learn from it that here the citizen owes no duty to the State for which he may not demand compensation in hard cash ? Or, scattering, abroad its bounty with a geueious but discrim inating; hand, should it teach that whiie the nation will not forsake her true defenders in their time of need, nor look on with cold bdif?ereiice when they are handicapped in the race of life by the lasting iu?rmities of, camp and field, her real debt to them is not to be reckoned in dollars, but-in boundless gratitude aud honor ? It is not probable that any back ward s'ep will ever be taken in pen sion- legislation, nor that in the ad ministration of the laws the lines will ever be more chsely drawn than public sentiment ehall require. If in the unparalleled munificence of our pension system there lark serious evils, iliore seems to be no remedy save through an a waking1 of the p'uir lie conscience, and a shaking off of that easy-going acquiescence in abuse which is one of the most con spicuous vices of the American char acter. Reckless legislation may thus be prevented in the future, and a more just and honest distribution of | the nation's bounty under present laws may be secured. Let the great and rich Republic be liberal?even lavish, in comparison with less favored nations?with her deserving veterans ; she will never do too much for them. But let her not forget that if she is blind to the plain distinctions between truth and falsehood, need and greed, genuine military service and holiday cam paigning, this is not liberality, but prodigality, whieh brings reproacbj upon herself and unmerited discredit upon every worthy soldier who ac cepts her aid.? Edward F. Waite, ra Harper's .Magazine for January. - .f -IMI-I - A Monstrous Fungus. President-elect Cleveland is known to be a man of very positive convic tions. He showed when serving his first term that be had nc toleration for the frauds in pensions and vetood bravely many a disgraceful and ras cally pension bill. It is reported now that he is satisfied that a great many names on the roll should be stricken off. The- sum now paid amounts to more than a half million dollars a day. There are a great many abuses and some of ?hem moat f?agrant. That growth of this incubus is start ling and rapid', and Secretary Foster is reported to have said that not long h esce the yearly expenditures for pensions' will reach ?250,00?>,C?O, und of course with an upward ten dency, as the robbery of tbe Treasury in this direction has been increas ing with wonderful pace. Think of a people having to pay ?700 000 a day?every day in the year?for pen sions. The present ? Congress is increas ing pensions. Let tbe next Congress lay the axe to the root of the pois-" onous tree. The duty is absolutely imperative that the reform party shall reform the pension iist and reduce the expenditures. The people of the South are pecu liary interested in this. They drsw nothing and are heavily taxed to pay not only the brave .^ . \ ^- ^ ' . thc=? b?* tens ot thousands cf skulk ers aud bummers and rapists and house-burners and scoundrels and cheats. Mr. Clevelaud will do right as to ?he pensions. Let the Demo crats in the Fifty-third Congress up hold his bands. ? Wilmington Mes senger. - ill * o~ - "? Advantages of the Dispen sary. The new law is better than the old' law for many reasons: 1. It divides the profits in the busi ness. In the first place, the State makes fifty per cent, on the original purchase, and then the county dis penser is allowed to charge his customers a profit of fifty per cent, over the amount which lie pays to the State commissioner for his li quors. The profits on the ccuuty dispensary is divided equally be tween the county aud the town. 2. It secures to the consumer a guarantee that he is getting good liquor at a price much lower than we presume a licensed bar could afford to sell the same goods: 3. The county dispenser, being paid a salary, is not interested in ? increasing the sales. 4. Not being peeaniar!?y inter-j ested, am' having to make monthly j returns, lie will be less apt to sell to j minors, drunkards or other perseus-i who would abuse its use. ?. Tin* liquors in the dispensaries are sealed up io quantities from half point to live galions, and the dis penser has no chance to "doctor'' it. The consumer buys it in original package and rrruftt not open it in the dispensary. 0 The dispensary, we believe... will offer less inducements to minotsj | and other-, to loiter ab<>;;t tbe pi ?mi ses, and ffor thid reason they will be less liable to cultivate the drink habit: The gteat objection to open bars is the temptation which they offer to the young Men who have formed the liquor habit will, in many instances, get it, no matter whether we have bars or not* but if we do not have bars the boys are more safe from the dangers of intemperance. Tue chief object and aim of tempe rance people is to save the youn<? They can do next to nothing with those who have/alrea^ fc>rtrred {kj drink habit.?Abbeviif?l??i>K^ l^?ix. iter. /' ."*???-: ??i "' '- ? -'! ?<- --"?- -? - To Get Good Eoads; The best road in York County?s a three ' mile section leadiog from Rock ifH? *jn tbe direction of Santuc. Th? road owes very little to nature, but every thing to the citizens of Rock Hill and vicinity. The farmers of tli? vicinity? subscribed about ?2,300, to be paid in hauling rock and other, work. Commencing last sQ?sm?r, they nut in the time required by law and vaT much more as they could spare: The'" road is vast now being completed, and with the exception of a few gaps'yet to" be finished, presents the sp^earacce of a city street. The prettiest part about it that the" work is permanent, and from' now on theT road hands can keep it in reunir witb less than two days' work a yc-arv The cost to the county, ail ' told was' about ?175, ?-pent in furnishing and maintaining an engine and rock" crasher. Two such ronds as" this, one* running across the county from Eist to West, and the other from' North to-' South, would be worth as much as" the railroad remaii:ing in the* directions indicated and could be butl?T for one-third tbe cost. Eeeord-Breaking. The Nswberry Cotton Mils made* 15,000 yards more cloth for the two weeks ending December 19?h than it has ever produced in the s?nre len'^tfe1 of time. Tbe spoolers and tbe weavers in' the' mill rns.de the increase by wcrkiog- or*-* extra time, and being p3?d by the' piece they got each a nice little s?ni' for Christmas. The work was entirely optional' with them and ??rey chos?T gladly to d? it. It wiil be impossible for the rfiill to-: make a'similar record under the Fac-' tory law wbich goes into e2ect nextr April. Under this new law the New berry Cotton Mills will use anuua?fy 250 bales of cotton less than by ibV present system. strange JSyes of Bee&r The directness of *he bee's Sight i&* proverbial. The shortest distance b?-? tween any two given points is calf?d' a-** b?e-line. Many observers thiok that' the immense eyes with v-bich tbe'v insect is farsisbed- greatly assist,- ifr they do not entirely account for, the* arrowy straightness of its' passage through the air. Every bee has two* ijkiods of eyes, the two large compound' ones, ??oking like hemispheres, on" either side, aud the three simple ones* wbich crown the top of the head.', E?eh compound eye tis composed of 3500 facets?that is to say, an object is reflected 3500 times on its surface.* Every one of these facets is the base of a hexagonal pyramid, whose apex1" is fitted to the head. Each pyramid7 many be termed an eye, for each has' its own iris and optic nerve. How these insects manage this mar velous number of eyes is not known** They are immovable, but mobility, is unncessary because of tbe range of vision afforded by the position and the" nom-ber of tbe facets. They have no4 lids, btil are protected- from dast and* injnry by rows of hair growing along: the lines at the Junction cf tbe facets: The simple eyes are' supposed to ??ve? been given the b>e to enable it' to see?" above its bead when intent upon\ gathering; feoney from tbe caps of* Sowers. Probably this may be one reason i : but it is likely there are other uses for them not yet ascertained A bee S?es? much in the same way as a pigeon-^" that is to say, il first takes an u-pw?r?' spirai flight into tbe air, and then darfe" straight for the object in view.- Now** an experimenter on insect nature* covered a bee's simple eye with paintr and sent it into the air;' instead off. darting straight rtsrog. itnnecT to- ascend. Apparently; then, these eyes are used in setae-* measure to direct the Sight.?PearsouV Weekly. One of the uses cf skimmed milk* is in the manufacture of an artificial ivory which in every respect resembles* the original. Th? milk is mixed with/ borax an i subjected to a'high' pressure*. The product is well suited for combs^.* billiard balls and mouthpieces. All best things become, wberf mis'-" used, the very worst; end'the love of woman, because it is able to' lift man's' soul to the heavens, is aiso abl? to'drag-' him down to hell. To destroy the odor of paint, in' a newly painted room, put a hand ful of fresh hay in a bucket of "water and let it stand in the room over night. people would have a better bony. structure and .much better teeth i? they didfnot eat unbolted wheatmeai: K?ectric Bitters. Th?? r?me<'y is becoming so well known ani; so popular as t?> need ?<> speeiai mention. A1 - who have usc? i?lectrie Buter? sin-?; the sanee-' fouz of praise. A purer medicino' *?? ? not ex ist and it is guaranteed to do aC tfeat is claim ed. Klectric Bitters w?l sure ail diseases of th*" liver and kidneys. w*ll remove piup'.e?, boils,. salt rheum and ether aireetion? caused by im pure blood. Will drive Ma?.iria from the j>ys tern and prevontas wet? as cure al! malaria*! fe-? vers 3 - cure frf headache, constipation-' att<">* <:ndige?tion try K!e-.':ri?? Bitter." -entire' s*?9-\ faction guaranteed, or money, ivfunded. Price '' 50 cent* and- ?t per bot:<e ?i if. W, 7>?* Lunac's dril? store. Dyspepsia and Liver Complaint ? Is it not worth the era* 11 price of 75c. to* free yourself of every syt?^????' of these dis-" tiessi v. ? complaints, if yo;,i t??ink" SO catt1- *?"" our store and pet a bottle ofShtfbh** ta?izrr, ever*.- bottle h?>s printed g-nKaotet?' on it, use accordingly aa&?i it does yon no' good it wiil cost you notbiug; Sold by Dr; y J. China., Samter 6. C. 5 Small in size, great in results: De W?tfs"* Little Enrly Risers. Best j>;l!s for Cocstipk I tion. Best f >r Sick Headache! Btet for' ; Sour S?orntu-h. They never gripe. J. S._* I Hugbson s Co. j 'Why i?ke all kiuds o? pjedicine?r ??r thV; I iivef, when Glenn Springs Wato^Ls #'s*(?? and pleasant remedy. Fjr sals-'by W*. R'. " tV~'..-!ir Jr For Over Fifty Years." Mrs. Winslcw's Soothing' Syrup bus been' used for children te?tkj^ it scotue? th?^ child, softens the gums, &\j$ys ali'hh?hr;i^;jj wind Cv?w? ?foT is the best i*'Z?i?T%& i)?a,,.h H. Tw>:.iy-r.ve c^ats * ^il>0% ?, ?***-\:*.l*>? fitters