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mmmmammm?^ m *'' *kir* COLUMBIA, SOLTII-CAHOL.IXA, NOVEMBER ?4, 1889. wmmwmmm l i NOV h . h. * IH U u'cloek, Bb^uvSSil transmitted the following message to both houses tif the Legislature : . , EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, > Novmmsbu, 22, 1(139. $ Fellow i'Utxeut of the Venule and the Noute of Hc/ne*rntalivra. la resuming the duties imposed upon you *>y the sovcroigu 'authority of tins slate, many interesting sufrtoefs occur. Ii> ??.?? -?f ?"? ii i ii? ?uinwii occur, lu con formity with tliu couHtitutiou, and with great deferenoo to your enlightmiedjmlgc menU, some of them aro herein presented for your consideration. Siueo your athournment, a change has taken place ia the administration oi lite federal government, which, we have reason to behove, will prove beneficial to the union, inasmuch ascertain great principle* were therein involved, upon which the right* and liberties uf the jicoplc mainly de? pettd. The d strust aud dissatisfaction produced by Uiu late administration have disappear ed, and the present, at least, js a moment of repose and couiideAti*. A reliance, to a certain extent, on the good acnav ol the people and on Uie patriotism and practical laieuts ol the Chief Magistrate, ih tiutjust and reasonable. Wo live uuder a government. theoroU cally tiie most perfect on earth, whether it* actual benedts shall corrc*|?oud with lit theory, or give rise to tyrannv, disunion and civil wur, depends upon an honest and fair exposition ol its powers. It is in vain to ?up|HMe, that a country so extensive, embracing such a variety uf interests as ours, can Ik* governed exclusively by Con gress, without destroying its present Iree institutions. That is Uu best government, which interferes least with the interest and property of its citisen*. If the pretenmou lately set up by Compos*, to pass laws to bind the states " in allcases whatever," or, what is the some thing, to do whatever ttio general weltare requires, Imi sustained, then, this government, instead ol being one in which liberty is enjoy oil and the right of pro|?ertv protected, is a hateful des potism. Let the consetpieuces be what they may, those must answer lor them, who present the alternative ol servile submis sion, or constitutional resistance, to tupp ed power.' It might better con.i|>ort with timid women aud cowardly men to pay black mail to. freebooters, than to arm and repel them. But an intelligent and brave peoplo will not look to the possible conse quences involved in the defence of their dearest and most invaluable rights. An honorahlo man, for Ins own purposes, nev er discussed the diiTcrence between beggary and robbery, and yet it ia diilicult to im agine how an able-bodied individual can hang upon tlio skirts ol society lor iup|?ort, without arranging hunsell among the one Or the other of these classes. The Manufacturers press theirclaiins up on the iMHinty of Government m a manner unparalleled in the history ol legislation. The direct iuterest ol individuals or of |iar ticular sections of country, is made the ba anof a system,sapping the touiulaliou of the honest labor ami couhtitutional rights of other sections. It is entirely obvious, that j those State* owning Slaves, have a distinct and separate interest Iroui such as have none. With this dillereiice in our institu tions wo jointly achieved the Revolution} with this difference we formed our present Constitution; we came into the Lnion with our slaves, and now the seliish sons of chi valrous parents, would either directly, or Indirectly, deprive us of the use uf them. Whether this shall so, is the issue which is i now making up, l>etween the friends of the Constitution aud the advocates of General^ Welfare. Slavery is not a national evil;. on the contrary, it is a national benefit.?j The Agricultural wealth of the country is found in those States owning Slavos, and a great proportion of the revenue of the i Government is derived from the products of 8lave labor. Slavory exists in some form every where, and it is not of much oonsequeuce in a philosophical point of I view, whether it be voluntary or involuu tary. In a |x>litiral point of view, invol untary slavery has the ail vantage, since all who enjoy political lilierty are then in fact free. Wealth gives no influence at the polls; it does, whero white men perform the menial service* which slaves do Viere. Up on this subject It doe* not become us to speak in a whisper, betray fear, or feign philanthropy. The lat<> law of Ohio, im posing restrictions upon their free colored population, is a sensible commentary on the sentimuntal Resolutions, heretofore transmitted to us by that State. l'*rom this it seems, that their benevolence, and devo tion to tlie equal rights of man, bear an in verse propoition to the interest tliey Itavn in this matter. I Pi test ng.iii'M the Tariff w.is, !?y ? I ?pmai m?**spii^er,f'" w .idedtnixirftcn.4t< * in CtMigtCft*, ,?nd In due f ?im '?% them to the Keuitf Hfro'iipimnl t>\ spirited and eloqui-<it wn n k?, ami ? it >? npoti the J'.urtvil without qn<a>tif<n. I' main* yet to be ?;*???, wlt.it fuitlu r ?irij? r vrlll betaken thereon. Tile ftevtrul Ke*' lnti<w% li r t??f?>re st dnpted by the preceding I.eniiliitHU^, "u the dUpnted powcri >>f Congress h tve been transmitted to the CJ-ivrrti'ir* <?( thr w\e? ml Stitten, acrordin^ to th?* K?*?"'uti<?'> of ihf Iiiit H)'??inii; Oirrcvx'iMl'iijr It< -? int'Oic on the ?;imr Mibjnt fro i the V it<? ? f i? - (iforgin, Ml<Ai?<l|i|>i 'iiitl Mi-.< uri .?? l?*rewith latil id-fore y?>u, tinrt;th? ? with the Heiioluticn* from (Ntimciuu?, ;?fVir hikr ''it* power of Conprfs*. Re?o|utl'?tl? ftolW M?sv tft Hid l.oiilsiAIIH, pro;?o?iti)( toch mu?- thr ('??nv?tntii?iit 'n r?" ?ation to thr clertton of Pi evident, are i?W laid before thr Legislature. The Exposition requr-trd by thr Hou*? of Mepreneiitiilivrs to in printed and di-tt i buted by thin l)rp .irtment. Im* betn r\te ?? nivelv circulatrd ; ntid it is hoped, thai tip lucid and nnwerfnl nrxumrnt, therein ??>n tained, will have it?? proper < flneure ?? public opinion. There rcuviin ImhH many copietM.f thU document, which will be placed under the controdl t.f the <jf!t ? rv ?if the Houtet, for the uac and dlttribu'.ii'? ^ ofAe member*. Th? K'aolutloiii "poo the subject orthe < '>iomul liiteto, y of tins State, were forwar >dto *11? Secretary of State, of the Unl t .1 State*; a copy of his letter in reply, t get her with letters from this Dipnrtment i ? Mr. M'Lnne and Col. Crugcr, are here with transmitted. No (uither intelligence has '(ten h>ut on the subjcct. By nil Act of Cnngms, p*?t at the last f>e*Mon it w** perceived, that it waspropo v <1 to rettocede a tmct ?>t Land, owned by the United State*, and generally known by the name o? Mount Dv?il>?ni, to this State, r ? a it roper equivalent. In conformity w t ? the provisions of this act, Commission c ?on the part of tltc respective Govern ?oci.ta Itttve l?een spponted, and have made 'lieir rejmtt, wliirii, together with * letter :rom tlnw Department to th4 Commissioi.. e *, n|i the part of tins State, and an extract ot n Inter from the Commissioner, cover* ing the re|?>rt, are herewith forwarded.? ?t will Ik neies*sr>, to complete this sea ?don, that an appropriation lie made for that purpHle. During the last winter an application wat mnde to Congress by the Kail RoadCompn * In this State, praying the.Uimed States l?? toinc Subscribers for the t rftklue of the ?"rk m>\ then subscribed for. At your 1 .?i Se??i< n, y.iu idopted Resolution*. .leny ?"R? 'hi* li('Kikl<itui'(' h.id twiee hclnrt* the right of Cottgr-s* fti apply the fends ot th? Union, to <hr internal improve ment "f any State. I'hi* application, pro cnfding from a c nature of this Govern* ui' ht, .tunning that the ei tcrprise would hi* profitable, and tendering the benefit to ' n- United States scented thru a well-timed >n vement, having for it? obiert a Mcrifloe f the totinclplesof the State to the interest* >f thi* Corporation. It is nAw understood, that the Campany arc desirous ft? avail ,1i Vr* frt,n* Ihla State. The ? ?Qhlitr utility and great advantage of ouch n Kond, apart from the question of interest, entitle* such an application to a respectfnl ? "Mftideratiun. That ancientfit),Charles to, the | uide of every South Carolinian? the representative of her chfcrautet, her ta l< -??*, .?nd her commerce, requires some Vitnulaut to sustain It. If you should he aat?*h?-d that tiic scheme can succced, re flect how much this Metropolis ha* cheerfully granted to faciilitate the com merce ?-f the country above the Kails : A ?pit it of recipiocal generosity will favor an ente-pr at , r leulatedto make Charleston, what it ought to be, the great city of the S nth. ' 'i&' In the formation ?if our Constitution, pro ?ision* too much In detail were introducod. Successive alteration* have been made to meet public. convenience, by ordinary legit* lat ???!?. Yoo will consider whether like a* ti?-o?|>i.eni* to the same effect may not he *alel* nude. The Rxecntive, Judicial and Kegmliitivr departments, ought to be so or is 'iiiise?t us t? constitute three distinct parts ?>* nn entire whole aystem. Nor can the theory of that Government be pel feet, 'v here the parts exceed the whole. I hr machinery of the body politic ought to be -?tnple, and the responsibility of public a gents well established. There is hut little felt now, in the fiscal affair* of this State. A great portion of the finnn co* are in the hands of Irresponsible agents, whoM- honesty is the only public securit . \\ hnherit would not br expedient to make j Columbia, the Scat of Government, In fact, and the plnce of reddenre of the principal r.xcxccutive Officers, as well as to abolish the geographical distinctions of Up|>er and Lower Divisions,is respectfully submitted. Coae* haeo occurred afll may again oc cur in whieh public officers for the want of a proper system have. without giving secu rity, assumed the duties of their offices, and Sf virtue thereof, obtained possession of e fhnds of orphan* mid other*, and died wholly insolvent, if will now bo in your I power, and certainly your special dutv, to provide the means of speedilv di'vest I tntr delinquent clorks, and aheriffa of their eommimiions. It is not by any I means an uncommon thing for suitor* to loose their dnhtahv the insolvency of these officer*. Strictly H|>eakinK. the public ou?rht to itndrrwritn foe their fidelity. ' I roe nnmend l?ie revision of the criminal law '.ftlii* *tatn The punishment for cer tain offence^ ia uncertain, and for manv. too severe. lly divitling the variotis hranchea amone the Solicitors, and giving a reasonable equivalent for extra Msrvicea, ! an entire ih-w criminal rode might ho p?e | sented hv theni for tho consideration or Uio ; next l?cjri*1aturc. | Wh?*<? ir U rrrnllccted that the pUn- j ter in thl* Htite wihiit tntinlly Mipport* 0>? Onvernm-jit, i? rmv he rcnar?lc<t im-1 i? Hunt, at v> to ?n?tain ?li<U interest .? to keeo I' f" '? <n entire fullnrr. Upon the ' ?p??al ?-mhnrkeri in ntnntini?, frw per- j * tin niiik'* more ?h*n f'mr per -ent. ; vet, j ?itiitoi hM t*1 ?? rot?tr.ie?s ''"nnrrtrrl with the , r?f Sc'i tiltnrr, scirn per prut, i* allowed Intf fM on money i? Mihjt'Ct to I the ??Irs ?vhirh noeirtv imp <r* tipon it vlf, j <ov it* nWl 1n"irfil. One of pritieipal <>b- f icrf<i nffi' viT'iniiot Utnprotcrt the supine >n<\ nnw <rv 'r m ?he snare* of the rraftv in<l rnnniorr. I'h <t planter who is now t? -vin^ v \? ?? !???? rent, interest, is e?maj?e ' '? a loosing'm- ????. Bv redwing the rule of int'-fest, v?Mi ?iP ?*Ve #urh from the ru in nr'nlnn to toil M rtlinn and i>rnrr..s?in:t tlim, T ?e p??1i? ? which lewm r red it, !? .1 rl mf to ?nin, roinpe)* tin <!rHt >r to !???-? with ?o(n?* t? s'ive ?lie Imlnncr of hi* R't it".uv" *ie ?'< f'-'ded. ?u !? it iye :?((??>:?tirrp fion<*^rn in adopting mtrh h-atWhtion n? will giv?* to th<* man* of o?r population an intcreat in AgncnMnr?. Kvitrv planter whodi*pn?w? of his I,ami and tflavra, fcr-l< > dimininhrd /.??*! in ha half* of South i-rn VlwtitiitinnN. aid moat of them <l?r proceed* in Cnitrd fttatta flank Stork. To jKTrnit -uch to I-" 'M ii.pt from taxation. in holding otit a premium In them to atandon their own statu Wml* it inrrraae* the hurthen of taxation on the balance. Tlio right of th? Rtato to impose oijnal taxcft upon erarr ?p/ri?'nof pro* <-rty ought In he maintain*!. Tfu rr if* no more juatice lit exempting Rank Stock from ? xation, hemline a t>onUfe in pai-l ?o gov<'rnm??nt. than in exempting ? tr.irtof I .and heeanac it w?* tmrrhaaed from (iovemmont. All flank Stock and money at internal ought to ptiy a prop** tionnte tax for its protection Tho Census of this State linn born taken, ?ml tho returns from tn*. various Election ViitnoU are tu the office of the Secretary 'SL -m rAn .*jwtI*cl' Hen-with transmit ted, will furnish Jht imputation of each ISIectinu liittricl. I'illiiliMlMiif Ituiiuil tion haa been limited, oJl|| iulkisrimM. Nothing tbiuU to retard the permanent im-. proyemont of thu country more, than Uu* roving babiU of our people. It ix natural | that the new Statin ghould desire to i cro^ their population, and with it tlx political influence in the Union. |AdL< other achotnea to (Act thin purport, Into bo ranked the gratuitous distribution of tlw public U?nd to emigrants. How lar It uw be robtio to adopt counb-rvailmg measure., opthu subject. you will determine. Thel r?OTt to act hunts to emigration, i< an nri-1 giual principle in tho bodv politic. The1 right togo whore it ia not forbidden by law,, in the true definition of tho right of vxpa! j tnation. Expatriation ami naturalization: are not corr lative prepositions. The right to itioorpomto atMiigchi into a government ana to downd them when iticotporulcd, doea not imply a right on tho part of the uitieen to aecede. The absent of an infant i 111.#*0. *ov^rie<! V10 'aw' '* u Political j fiction, without which Government would bo diasolved. Rvury convict in tl*i? State, wWppowHi to U?n party t<?lij?ou u oxecti* Uoq ; norm it a greater exertion of JNltini 0W.Tw.to cu' ooiigration. than to PU?W?.S ?y imprisonment for d< l.t )Vitii out insisting upon an interdict <?: ?.-nft"ri tion, you will consider, how far it Jkco'im* your duty to make it the interest oft Ik? citizen to remain on his native noil. T'. ? right of tlao creditor to nxtend or hi II the real citato of his debtorpjaderived from; the Law of the Land. By protecting rual dent freeholder* from n involuutarv sale of their real hatatca, local attachments would bo fostered. If n conunon fund Ihj appropriated to,seduce your papulation abroad, you may partially Miliatitute a pormaneutsecurity in real Kstatv.at homo, as an equivalent lor a floating, contingent bounty abroad. Whether such an inter ference with the relation of debtor and cre ditor be considered iwrtitic <tr not,?at all ?Y'tt revision or the l^aw, relative; to' Sheriff'a Sales, so a* to permit a defendant, or any ono for hitu, to redeem a purchase of real restate made at Sheriff's Sale witTi in a year, with an authority in thu Sheriff to nut tho purchase! in possession in cane of ft failure to redeem?would Wat* improve mont. It would stimulate tho benevolent and liberal-minded, to compete for land, thus sold; since, in the first instance,, they would bo sure to realise their advancc, or, iuthe second, be put in |>os?esaion. The fee simple intercut in tho Catawlia Lands, subject to the rightofthe Indian* and the leaae-holders under them, still remains ?n this state. Without impairingthe tempo-' rary or usufructuary right of these friendly j sons of the forest, I recommend that a law be passed making the foo simple, reversiona ry interest of this stato, attendant on tho lease-hold estate* which may 1k> owned by thelesaee* under the oxistingflaw. Justice and sound policy require such a regulation sinco thoso Icaws are conatantl^-rotd-at their Aill fee'simple value. No speculation ought to be suffered to disturi?the tenants, I who are a moat worthy port of the popula tion of this state. This would quint their ! rights, and constitute their pomassinnH a freehold estate, under the constitution. The pledgo made in 1818, toappror ,;*tc one million of dollars to ohjeeHof internal improvemontf life been redu^K], and anot her million Imu almost boon VKndod. Tlie objects within tho contemplation of the Le gislature are nearly completed. The heno flts resulting from these appropriations are now. successfully developing themselves. Tho intercourse between Columbia and Charleston, hy Iho state road, has been much facilitated, and great improvement in the navigation of the rivers Mow the falls, buy Iteen rca):7.od. Tho Rocky Mount Canal willsoo. oe completed, wnich will open n communication to ono of tho best bodies of jand in U southern country. How f.ir the improvement of this fine river will be ex tended ^ond our lino, will depend up in the enterprise of tho citizen* of North Ca rolina. Every motive will oper.ii>* ?>u them which can urge an interior ahoiio I ing in vegagfthlo and mineral wealth, to I avail itaelfofthebountieaof nature. (?> bring i itn products into tho conimercial world.1 Should York, Cheater and Lancaster in this state?Mecklenburg, Lincoln ami Ire., del, in North Carolina, alone,send thro'thw channel their produce to market i full equivalent will noon he realifted f?r jt,.. mense Hum? lavished onthis riv.T difficulties which have hitherto oh-tri.-f,. 11 tho navigation of the Snlula. m.iv. !.\ oro- ? par attention, Im? obviated. 'I'ltisVi -. >??? rot?>. thro' an extensive Innly of lertil ? l.in I ' Tho miserable nmdnthfo' whieh ifs ?,r i ducta are tr.insptirte I ought to Hii-i>>il..ie Inith individual an I public ex<'rti >ii t.? change tbf mode of commercial iiitcrcourxe . from land to water carriage. The suniH, hen tof.>r<? iuveste I in i-?;v.|ie| works and their un?'mi<h.-.l Mate i:i ? imc instanceM. reijuire for a season longer tti?* i continuance of the office of Kunerint. i, !enti of Public Work*. Tim road police is drf'?cUv?", i?*?t *o i mcli I ill tlm law, as in tin- v iriou* derives <>( tilth- j lie npirit manifcMte I l>v tin- cntntiii?M ?m,M. i I have instituted imperii** into Ili-? >m irr' in which thi? duty it fun<l le>ro ti? Ih> ahh\ l?y existur; laws, to reform so?i|e of tf?o ine?pialitie* an 1 iicjl ?t >f 1... v. A* present fno prevail ii?. And on ftit* vi'ijotit, as a matter connected ? id, the public niter int. I herewith Hcirl tin* answer of tin* ,,',i- ? permtcn lent of I'ohtie Works t > <? ri.iin inquiries propounded to him >. <Vha liiinatic Asvlnm in now in opera ting If there In; nny lax which a ho nDroltnt people ought cheerfully to pay, it latitat which provhlea a H.ife r*. treat for the unfortunate human IteiiiKft who have lost their r.-i ? n SV? havo no splcivlitt receptacle* for rriminaU : Culprit* i|o peft #life in fiaol*. at tin* whipping post, niyl under the fallow*; hut Wfl Vi??f<l to none in the magnificence of the Building, or th? humane attention*, provided for the wretch ed maniac. Additional ai'l ought to He furnished to mistain thia institution in it* infantile Mate. Tliero are claim* due lhl? Htate ?t the disposal of the l,egi*lature, whiHi inav fttrrr be realised l?y trie Titr.i* wry, but if put under the control of thv Ue^euta, might add to ita means, withuut taxing the people. I would also suggest thu propriety of making it obligatory on thu Coiunwsimiers. of the Poor, to Mod Lunatic Paupers to this Asylum, until oth er applications shall .? xciuue such persons. There was in the Treasury, on In* 1st of Sopteaibor 195h>, One Iluudred nud thirty ' one thousand, two huudred and nineteen dollars. This added to tiie ordinary reve nue of the present liscwl year, would give lour huudru and sixty nix thousand, seven huudrod and seventy two dollars, excee ding the highest estimate of ntiblic expen diture, two hundred and thirty six thou sand, tlirce hundred and ninety dollars.? The largo amount of uurplus revenue, ex hibited bj thisentimalo of t!#o resource* of the State.proves her ability, in time of un l?.?r dieted depression in her great sta^dc*, to sustain her credit. Whether it would be prudent to continue tli? ordinary taxes now unpottod, with a view to an accumulation <>l tho moans, through tho agency of the Hank, to Meet the public debt^arhen it be* oittnes dui, deserves your oofflMeration? Th'?? profitsupon the fund*, atrrady vested in that Institution, are sup|>osed tohe'entiru ly competent to the ultimate liquidation of tl?t* puhtift debt. Besides this, the jStiatc bxsajuetaud constitutional claim against the L>. H*.for more than One Hundred and Sixty I housatr.l Dollars, which wo ennuot other wise than believe will be speedily U iniUtod by the General (aovornment.?? A ud with a view to tho succckhIuI proeeeo tl.ui of the cl.iiiii. I recommend the appoint ment of an Agent, to prosecute the same Washington, as early as practicable;and I lieiewrilh transmit, ior u corVect under staii ling of the (iihtico of the> demand, a . ny . fHw report of the Committee on Mi litary Afta:t> of the Senate of tho United States; togi-dier with a bill, founded on that report, which heretofore passed that body. t he (ioliey of dtv.dnig exiting Districts, :iiav he quv>ii<'iii'4i Pendleton was consi tlfied an exception, and the precedent will ornhabjlr rest the?e. The propriety, how ?vei, of constituting Anderson and Pickens Districts, each Election Dhtricts, cannot I o\? lie well doubted. Most of the reasons I nnded on iue.om cnience apply to Pendle I' ii. is an K.'cction District, which were ' .prlittihlv to it, as u Judicial District, witli ? ahers of more force. The JMcdical College at Charlcttop, founded upon the individual enterprise, of it 4 > xrnffO and scientific Professors, has n th but a-small donation from the State, entered into successful competition with similar Institution* abroad. A grateful pa tr-imge' front the people, towmds these pioneer* in this dtp ivtmcnt of Science, is all the ait', now requit e:I to enlarge the field otiheir usefulness. We are no longer tri ?;utary tothe North, fo: the first principles "i i Medical Education. v;rhc South Carolina College is in a pros perous state, whether we regard the nitm I her or the habits of the Students. The : energy of the olftccrs, on a late occasion, is | ikelv to prove very salutary. Young men I find it their interest to conform to the Col ; I g* regulations. The recent rule adopted | ?>> the Trustees, permitting Students to |'ittard "Ut ?.f Commons, and repealing the .law which made it compulsory to pay in advanue, ?vill probably put an end to'the most fruitful source of irritation in the Col lege. The visible effects of the wise fore cast, which founded this seminary, are daily becoming more mauife?t. The number of Students for the ensuing year, is estimated ,i?t one hundred and twenty. The price of education, the attainments of thu Profes v.r?, their devoted attention tothe charac ter and1 literary advancement of the Stu dents furnish the means of a Classical K'ti- ation, livalled hy few, certainly *ur p d by no other Institution in theUuitcd ! S* Aliout Thirty hutch Thousand Dollar* are .uiuut.'.y appropriated for FVee Schools. Tim huneftt donved from this appropriation is partial, founded on no principle, and ar bitrarily dispensed by the commiiuionera ofiFr?? Schools, If the fund could he so mnagud aft to educate thoroughly a given number Of young men and to require tlicin art. rwirdt t? teach a limited tim?, as an' ?? niivdent, the v'tltfctN would ho soon htii { .<??? i It. I' i-t" ii at tli'.H time an able and afTiri nt t In t .iarv, under whom* direction litigation! j* \ .liuishnij;. and the manner* and Lab-I its <?! iht* people arc improving. Justice ia Hp oihly administered without fear, favor, j ?>r art ? lion, hv abb* men, and by one uni-1 1- rui rule. Tin' l*".<iefalure of IBjM, will | 1.1|-r !,*. rem< m'tercd for itn wixdoni ami j "i;?t ,. hi rrtoroi'ug, hv tin* highest i?x<*r-1 tii i i'gHlntiv.t authority, our Judi< iu! (? i. tiie full lienelU ul' which i* now to 1h> reali/.ed. If it he oractirn ol" to ?ive two (Virts a year in ('liaitcrryh l<v increasing the si*o of thn District*, en-' Urging thu power* of the (!om iiiwiinner*,' .111 making it their duty to take thu testi mony in Wrllinp*"t:,r 'he t.han>* dloni, aad t<? di"o>o.4? of all wat'-r ot-ponr*e busiiievi in i i li l)i:?tri.5t. It w.iuld complete tiiu Syntooi. Kmc? a new ori;.mi?i(i ?u ha* taken ' filsiiv. the (*iiaucer> Jori?dict;'>n has lieen ' more or lens under the lun To pr vent | inimtiee, d. lay, uftncownrv liti/atioti and j e\nei?*e in tli.> Court of Ii piity, wher<J the , |?;r, i lictiQn i* ?pie*tioned, that objection kiMiul 1 he fimt made or waived, and the fpies'i??;? of j i:li?*t> i ought not to ias ' mix el u;i with t*?e merit ton the hearing. M.itriali it t<miin)on l<iw have a moat injttriou* i y l*urtte? are formed in the , every ?Wf ?rt i* made hy (he li tigant* to r 'rt'-'W the contest wiUi better h i -eiHi*. whiln the original subject-mutter of di*puto, i* often h>*t sight of. The mo dern practice ii, a* soon as the Jury c.uno iiito court mi I say thov eannot agree, they are discharge1, and tnc rage stand* over for further trial. In civil oases, the majori ty of th ? .fury ought to determine the ease. 'Hio abolition of tile old practice of soft er ? ? 11? ? ?' the Jury to agma, ought t?> be followed hv ?uch an ioiprovement aa would put An end to mistrial*. It ? also considered :?n imperfection in nor Land law. Which teiv*>w a phintilT a right to two fair trial* or hi* tltl.?: on<? ver-1 rtiet on the oierit* do.1 not conclude th?? plaintiff*. a* it ?ees the defendant. Paw pereon* ran *retl sustain the e*penw> of n land-suit. Tlii* right to a second action is oppressive, iutulonildy to, except to an in solvent or wealthy man. I recommend that Note* should bo put on a footing with Boutin, in tnarslialliug the assots of Estates, aud you will consider how farit,wouldbe politic,to create a prefer* waita^tBr' 010 ""k In tho <>xocuti?n of the Law, directing the Census to be taken, maw doubt* were entertained aa to tho (troper contraction thereof. . In some instances tho returns were not (bunded upon an enumeration of the lioads of families. TJteMweUoe undor former similar lawn, togetitr with the opinioo of tSe Attorney General, induced, Anally, an acquiescence in these returns.-^ I would rfepectfully suggest tho oxnedien cy of making a permanent law, dfreetfai tho C'tMBi to bq taken ovcry tenth aecotding to the Constitution, In more precision in tho terms of the beobesrred. I At thli day, when the tide ? in favour of |CnnaoUdat<on, is it wise to break down the patronage of the State Governments so aa t*> mske all the office* which men of titlenta and distinction will consent to fill, the crcn i tures of the General Government? There 'would be no danger of the States, melting Into one mass of homogeneous democracy. If the officers in the several states were put upon a respectable footing. Lending men are likely to carry their states with them. Those are the moat loyal to the General Government who?c home-patronage is the most meagre. When men have nothing in their own State to prise, it is quite untu r.il, that their -affections should fasten on the.Union. They who have no separate Interests of their own oust gain by amalga mation and partition. It WSSh proud da> for Mew Y?>rk, when the illustrious Clintoir refused to surrender nn office rnnfcmd ?' him by his own State for the fir-t minister al appointment under the Federal Govern ment. If there he any feature k? the poll cy of this State which has elevated he? character at hotr.c and abro ?d, ItcJ- t'il liberal provision and Renerou* confidence bcHtowetl on her public, menii; We live In a country pec ulinrly favour d by Nature, possessing u genial climate, an excellent soil, and fine navigable streams.? Should it hereafter become a howling wi}. ?IcmcsH, it will be our own folly and mi? I own fault. With a proper coumiousncM ?>< | your obligations to Heaven, und a dec ( sense of vour responsibility to a gcnerou? people, both vour Sovereign und ?>ubje??, you are solemnly pledged so to stupe your agency ovrr their destines, us to dewlo e, to the utmost, their moral, politu .il, and in tellectual Improvement. STEPHEN D. MIM.EK pmoasiBDXtfQs or the lhois LATURH OF S 0 SENATE, Monday, Avv< mber '2id, .18.9. The senate covoncd thin day. agreea bly to tho constitution ; and tr?e journal of the 90th of December last, I laving beeu "on .notion of Mr. J. 8. Doas, a meaaage was mmt to the house of reprcucnUUvitj. informing that the senate had formed a quorum, and proceeded to lniirineas. Messrs. J. 8. Ucaa and Witherapoank were appointed a committee to wait on tho Kvcrnor, and inform him that the Senate d formed a quorum, and proceeded to business, and were ready to receive coui inunKutiouH from him* Mr. Pvaaident laid boforo tho senate a communication irom John Mayrnnt, Jun. resigning hia office c* reading clerk of tike aeuale; referred to tho fcc.?uuitteo on va cant office*. Mr. President also hud before the atmtyto a communication from the hon. Wm. I), fame*, unnouueiug that be bad been re turned by the majority of the manager* of eleetions for Clare moot, at ienulor lor that county, and resigning said ofliee ; which was, on motion Jm Mr. Davis, ordered to be laid on the wile. Mr. Davis then presented the memorial of John J. Moore, sotting fo> Ih that lie watt duly elected senator for Clareinont, and praying leave to take hia acat; reft'rml to the committee of privitcg or, and elections, to aitJmmcdiately. On motion of 5lr. Wilson, thecomrauni cation from the hon. W. D. James, wis then taken up, and referred to the aaiuo committee. The lion. Win. Rice, elected senator for Cnioir, presented tho return of the man agers, wan qualified, and took his scat. Petitions wero presented aa follows : l?y Mr, Wilaon, frnin Cornelia (laillard, pray ing paymont of the last quarter's aalary of her lain husband, judge (iatllard; by the samft, from Charles Hugeins, latu sheriff*"!' (loorgotown, praying to Im> allowed to*ct-: tie for tix returns with the comptroller i general, on oquitalde principles ; Initli r i (erred to tho committee on finance; by Mr. j Verdier, fm.ti JameS f?f. K iin, praying lor tli? charter of a bridge over Adiepoo river; ? l*y the same, from ffenrv and Sarah I lol X*rs;in, praying renewal of the charter ofj ahepoo terry ; hy Mr. CrituVe, from Catharine I'ierson ami Kli/.ahotli Chap man, for renewal of tln? charter of Ashe P<mi ferrv ; all referred t<> tho committee on roads: by Mr. Itichardaon, from Ambrose liudgins, proving for a pension ; hy the same, from Win. Konnedy, praying that provisions be made, enabling him to draw liis petision ; l?oth referred fo the coutmii tee on pensions ; hy Mr. Wilson, from Ma ry Hillen, pravinjj for the escheate.l pro perty of Mrs. E. ilwrd'astle, in Ht. Rte pheits parish | the judiciary. phetis parish ; referred to the coinmittco on aici Mr. Oriinkn nren ntcil the annual report [ of the coromfeMioncrft offrre fur lit. I'hilip* and 8t. Michatltt ; referral to Hie eoinmitteo on echools. \1t Vcr Vior (Mibmitted the pfrMciitfn<u?t? oftb?< jrrnn I Jury ?if ('olfouift, Novvinlxr term, referred to t!w committee on the judiciary. Mr. YViUon pteitonlerl th? ?r< v>n*nvnt?| -tf !!??? <*r?uJiury of (wM^')tn, N-?v ??fir I'm, USD ; "? much thereof .? r? ht?-? to tliu unprotected Mate ??f the t??wi. the iuwiffirUrncy of the patrol law* rofbrrwl to the military committee, and i much *? retnfe* illicit imtftinr * itti coloured person*, to th? udicury couuuil i?c. ? Mr. Richardeoo prmntod the pmenU menu of ihe mnd Jury of Laurens, wring ami fall tun iur. 18*?; Uio first clause reW to the oommittee on tl? judiciary; the ee ootid to the rndnmilMs on finance} and the third to the committee of privilege* Mid ulai all?ix * .* On motion of Mr. Rfcharfroo, it ?u or dered that i *ptc?al committee, to be do ardson, Hut, Hw, Pontes and On vie, were appointed eaid committee The MmentmenU for the (all term, were nferrod to the committoe on the judiciary* Adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. *,A Moi,day, Vovtmbtr S3. 1839. . The house met agreeably to adjouru - mi'nt of the 90tli December &Ut. The speaker having taken hi* seat, cal led tho house to order, whan the journal* of the last day of the last aaaalon were read. Mr. John W, Mathews, returned a* a ttiembcr from St. Johns Colleton: Mr, A. W. Dozicr, returnedaa a member from Winyaw, in the plage of B. Green, remo ved; Mr. William McWIUie. r^uroed Ma member from Kershaw, in tho place of H. G. Nixon, drte^rtd, and Mr. John W. Schmidt* returned v a member from St. Philip* and St. Michaels, in tbeplae* of Wm. Harper, elected chancellor, aUedpctV were qualified, and took their seat*. Messrs. Eaves, G. R. Hunter, and R. P. W. Allston, were'appointed a commit tee to wait upon tho senate and inform them that the houno had furiued aqucriw, and proceeded to busin?M. ? jfc*. ' Messrs. Rees, Preston and ButlML were appointed u committee to wait upon his excellency the governor and in form him that the houae had (ormod a quo rum and wore ready to receivo any *oqp? munication* from him. a""** Mr. Schmidt wax added to the eoramltif* on ways and menu*, and tho modical con* luittee. Mr. McWillie and Mr Doaier to the judiciary committee and Mr. Barber to tho comumtee on pension*, Mr. TV Walker presented the retnrto of the commissioners. of free iwhoolft (far Greenville district, which were referred tw the committee on education. Mr.. Reus, from tho coiumittco nppoin tod to wait on tho governor reported, that they had performed the duty assigned them, and that ?he house would h?tf' from his excclloncy on to-morrow at 12 o'clock. * v '? )% Mr. G. R. Hunter preiented the memo rial of the managers of election* for Fair liell district rvfeired to tlie committee ou privileges and elections. Petitions were prvs.'iit'd a* follow* : By Mr Cogrshitll, from diaries Hu<f?in*t lato sljerifl of Georgetown district p :iq lie permitted to settle with the general for tan execution*, <i principle*; hy Mr. Batea, from ' Crawford, praying to lie refunded a double tax {by Mr. 'roomer, from the Charleston 1 bridge company, pray ing relief relative to I the interest on a debt due thtnuile; i red to committee on way* and moan*. By Mr. T. Walker, from Hr% Choice, oxecutor of Samuel Crcightou, Maying payment of an account, aud /row rojamin West, praying compensation for property lost during the revolut Ufeiry War; referred to committee on claims. By Mr. Cook from Edward Blair and Andrew Fraxiefe By Mr. T. Walker from Jesso Smith. By Mr. Whiteer fromSa talhiel Hcaton, Hiphartl Wilbantuand Ro bert West, each praying e jn-iutiou; refer red to the cominittoe on peiiMoM. v By Mi1. M'kenna from OraanMaJsanier, praying for a femr on Catawba river; re ferred to tho comimttve on roads. * By Mr. Cdggoot^llnm^ Mary Bil lon praying for certain escheated property; referred tolhe judiciary committee. By Mr. whitnerfrunt AdainTodd, pray ; ing payment for the^repwr* of a Held piece; I referred to jhe'iuilitiry committee. By Mr^llMnniingway from the eottmic* tee of free schools for Marion district; refer red to the committee on education. By Mr. T. Walker from sundry inhabi tant* of Greenville praying that Saluda Materond may be placed under the* direction of commissioners; referred to the committee on internal improvement * '? On motion of Mr. Toomor, ordered that the delegate* of the several bible socieueaof this state l>e permitted to hold thd# meeting in I'." representative hall on Wed* I iics lay evening rtent at 6 o'clock. I A?lfourned until to-morrow at 11 o'clock. 7b the Honor hi , the Member* the Le ffmt.iture of thr Mute of South Carotin*i \S lh.- term (or whtct. I wm- ?U<-t?d Commit-' ?n.? - hi Kq? <y (or U'?trirt ?ill ?lviMly expire, I l>f.< leavtt to <ler.|i<r? rny??lf A riitolitUtf ft r r?i?lri:l|?iii. M v |>M?t rnwltiet (ft f.?i ??(To? \* Urn Wr?t .?o.f?n(f? I r?n <if#r my trill,.l? lor ilio (oiure IniiMvl ?li?eharjft' of |u ?iV?. TIIOVAS HUNT. \ i Hil l" r {J4. . ? ? k > V j. I i <t? .'?? "Jinn 'tin i-( liHi>ri lior lln ui|isoh> c|< rr?, ? I I lie arlof out IstitlntVrr. ih? trr*? .1 th ifBi* of ?'i.h?iuUmiiiht in fcqutty Hf, Cim u l?i?trlrt, U limit* <1 to jOur %tart. anil ? ??i-iij'i ni? v i* c/iiojilMrit iliirlny. tli* prrwu? ?? " VV ? lHt |rf?l IUll>i|fM to Kit* < ' until nF.NJA m|n KI.I(VrTtth'fnri*itifj|f?(ciii iiMlht idlHiliott n? h latufidxt' t*>r >b? vn< kihiv, ' v'O . , %: 47 Hll (.'lurio8o},iuc Society Incorporate II K ri . tiio ?nnunl Mtrtity of "bit itatUt* will ii>k? I'lwft In ?hf dpi??fr>|)hk? flail, Jt n .oil Tui tUy r.v*w^t. iHecmUrr f*l? 'Do' n ? oil ci ? nr.- i- .mm ?tly r? 'jof^ii I to to ancttml in ihrir nMrrolm- ?? import**! fartt* . e?? null wi h*? ?/'<? lirforr lh?m. :, DORIJiT Wlt.SON i:||in*.n, a*''*, e. ?.t i VU tm* ? ? I?? ? F< r ~ale or Kent. | t* V* i ?? '?? M<?c? *j WI** Mr 1,'. i . I In* ?tii|.'!ihfrinl ?(>? tmfi* 1 m ? t ???!?*, hv ?' l?n? ?r< il ?flit*'i ?tntyf3 I , r in k<i>.?iiig Mi.rl.i4 lot II ? '* ^wB8aa