University of South Carolina Libraries
D.W.SIMS, state prlyteh. COLUMBIA, S. C. MAY 22, 1829. Vol. -No. 21. ? .v ><>wy;'i . Hi 111 ' 1 ~ " VUBU8IIED KVr.UY FRIDAY MOKM.N(i. 'I'KRMS? it ?e Dollnri ptr annum, ]>nyn'>U ? mdrawer, or f'aur Dalian yaj/aLle at the end of the ytar. . i I) I'KIL Tlii EMFJYTS in it r ltd atiht vsvatralti. The following rucrohr i? mi fnlrr?lln|r, and so melancholy, and. detail* an evil ao <!i(Briilt of remedy, thai long nt it i*, we think it oor duty to republish it. The miseries detailed, could not and cannot lake place in agricultural dlt tricU. They am tho miseries of large town* md homo manufacture. Tho tnan who ran suggest nn?spedicnt mode of rolir vinof them, will bo a benefactor to hit country. ritiladtlphi*, Mtirih ??>, I8C9 ?? Tho subterllirr*, a commltt<? appointed hjr I ibr tuwn meeting uf tin- cllisent of tho t iiy and t"uiity of Pfiiindolji'iia, o<i tho 21st nit , loeseer '.nn whether lb'?? who ara ahlo and willing to work, cart in general procure employment j what it tlio effect nnoii tho comfort, lutpplneit, ??nd moral* of the females who depend on tlielr woik foi a ?upport ( of tho low rate of Wage* paid to ?'nt e.ln?* o( suefety ; to What silent the iiiUViing* <?1 tha fioor aro nliiihuUMe to those low wage* ; nod nhm it the etf-ct of lienevolent or aitisl?nt rocietif ? on the industry of the laboring poor ; beg leave to report: '?Tiiet they have attended to the duties confi i!ctl to them with a dun tenia ot their important ? not merely t? the comfort, huppinCM, and mc>rnl?, .?I that distressed, inti-reUinx, and numrnui |>or :'mn ?>f our population, olmta cn?o net partieu arly refered to them, hut to tho character of the '?ommunlty .it lar*e. which i* deeply invnlvrd in < In- question of the jnttlce done to Ilia* elatr, and the cure and attention beitnwed on their welfare " Tint they aie convinced, from n careful e* nininnlion ol the subject, that tho wages paid to twamMrvttrt who work in t'leir own apartment*: to (pooler? i to tpiniieri; to folder* ot printed book*; and m many cum-* to thoie who take in ?w n*hlnjr, arc utterly iniuh quote to their inpport, ?vi ii if fully employed, partienlailv if iht-y huve rld'iditn unal'lo to aid them io lltrlr indmtiy, a* ? i often the case , wherein, tho work I* ?o jaeca limit that they are often unemployed, sometime* for n wlmla week together, nnd very frequenth ?one or two days in each week. In n;?ny raw, no tinall portion of their 'imn in upent in ?erkini' jmd waiting for work, and in Inking it home wlirn donn " "lint, in lite different branches ntiove jp^cirt rd, indu*trimi!f and expert women, nn'neumber, ? ?J with families. and with steady employinrnt, e^nnnl average more than a dollnr and a quarter ptr week ; that their room rent It gem rally fifty rent*, ?ometinu*? titty two and a liuif re lit t; and fuel prubably co*?s iihout a ^tarter dolli.r per week, on nn average through tho year. Thut, in thr r?fo of itoceating employment, (a enxsthnt rarely occurs,) three remaiiw lint about half a dollar per work,or twenty dollars per annum, for food and clothing ; ond nuppoting only elgH weeks In tho year unemployed through slckrets, W'4ut of work, or attention to chifdien, (and this t . ? * - n iikiucidiv imcumi'ini,i <iic nmount ol luod and clothing irould it rtdurrd lo Ihf moil minr:t '>lt pillatirt of tirlttn dollar/ pt r antrum Can we Wiindrr a: the harrowing ittis>-r\ nmi d'nlitM that f revail mini,* ti>i? rlnrr, under *ucli a df|ili'ra!it<' oflhinK? ? " l 'ur.t it It n mcM lamMil-.Mc fnel. tl;t.t among ll.e nimion thu* 1 ground liillio ni>ii!r liy turhiii (??Irqunfp art* i<i lie lomtd ni'in'" a of wi aiili ?niatl children. who, hy ihe untimely il'.nll' uf tlifir liUifMnl', nn'l l!io*e i^vhimii ol fnilull' t.? human nftVir* me liul.le, have hi "ii gradually reduced from a stiita of comfort ?u'! tflltin cr lo penury, ami thrown upon the world with in other d< |M'nilnm e thioi their iiiin die* to ?ttpport tbrin?#tvc# liinl thpir off?j>rii* ?? 'Hint although It ?? frrely admitted th it ?teat !i !r?? nud i ov?rty aritc from the lmliif? ol di??i nation and Intrinf mnrr of ?o>no hii*linnd?, and their ?ltnnieful neglect to make llinl pr ivWinn lot their wive* and children width I hey are liownd to In hy ilte law* of God nnd man, (and w Incli^ il it deeply l.i tin r? grelted. tha Inw* do nol duly en force.t yet we feel antlified tl.Kt thn?a dcplotiil iii'l pvrniiiout luiliilt do not produce linlf lit vrrriclKiliHiii to which nicrito: iout fnmale* lire ??ihjeele<l m this city, of wlilc.h tlic irrnlitr por thiii ar'nc? fr<un tin- otlirr Mnirce which wn have dated, and which pWot Imfore till* cla%? tint id n-.rnatire of helping, applying to the over*eer? of the poor, ilcaling, or ifarviitg. We might add ao"t!irr, hut wtforlwr. " rin.I llio ffrnci of di?'re?i and tiifTiiiu; v.l.Ji-li we have wltiir??rd in ?.nr vailnns rhili In the i*w idling* of women w ho depend on their hi linr for nuppoit, rr.*ultitm f.oni irmdeipiair waf?-?, hi>' nfllin in?'?l affliciinjj kin I, and ran vearrely he iH'lirvi'il IimI hy thn?c hy whom they have Iwen V'irtd. Wo have found case* of women w !;????? hnrh.itiit* have lici n lor week* il'naided hv arci (Il nil. or hy iinknr?i pro lin ed hy wotknt? on rniiitli "I'roonded |?y iieiliftimii* tnla?mata, win have had lo support llmir hildmnd and three m "our thildun hy ?poolln>;4t HO cptit* perhmnfred sk? in?, hy *|<itininc al n? low a rate of roiitpimif ?ion. hy wit>hiii'4 and roiijh dryine, al S?? or 25 ?-rid? p? r dozon, or hy mukin^ ?liiri? and pant* iimui* at l'.'4 rrul^ eai li. ?? I liil it i? a ;?r#al error to ?up|Ki*P. a? i?too frtipienily ?iii?po*pd, thai rvety (ier?on in lhi? rfrninu'itty, ?lile nml witling |n work, r*n pro i-utn riupioyiiK'nt s hi llii-ir aie many perron* of |tnili ?e*t ?, morn p irlif-nlarlv h m^tle<, ho are at a'l limt i partially, and Irnpiently wholly, nneni p'oyed, llioiiali Hiixiott to prortire emp'oynienl There i* I'liniot ulway% a |?reat deflfn-ienry of fill {.loyineiit for fnnal? < ? lilrti i* lite rlik t rei?oo why ihMr wage* i?rc mi dl<prop<nliooed lo llio?e of m-dr < '* 'I lie r*>infnliif?n then proeeett lo ??a|e 1'iivt -?ti i w Uteh i* ?omew hat prevalent, *i*. tlia'. I" tie- i ?'i>'.ent luriel es ptodtlre ulli'iie;* aril i|l*>ii'ation, t? williont fnuiidation *. Ina?mtltdi a* Ihnr dt ? '?.!l?Mt)? f'* are (hli dy for wi?r>: door liy i1 *\otii?n, ai i! for food nnd rlvtlitn^ forrdtlte?! * ?petniinu.tied uieiinnd w omen, nnd tloil'ilule t.h'd i'.n ii. '1 io j ?outirule tt'ireport liy Mat'iiit : ?'Tlirtt ntiui. M-ti* |ti of? of the lndu?lry of tin r'?"n ?!nr!i |mm> I f..? ???? port npon their la \or, nnd of th< iitjii i.ri of ihe dentittrlatloft* let ??lied acaiii't litem, ini:?Kl hr produced, lull wi ?hall nififioe ?tir???l^?r?. to tao, one n? retard' indct, III* i.i!,rf fi'f r,', Iriimli'i 'ihefirtl it. 'il* thou*: ltd- r.t :in n w Iir? ei/eily ?eek for IhImii on <nifi!i, often i;i |iet|i i hii it lituii'i' iir, w il' ?'ei>'|. itnrlni* them m it- f?f ; t'm ? mini, thr ftel. thai iVom ltVM?|o | >nti ?? mnrii haveweik'y I nilinl tLr*>, four, ?}*. ?i?'it, ? r ten * |ita'i < end /.i'tl? iiWjt waiti .1 I >r ??!-? at ti e 1*r<?? Veil' A"'< room* f.'t ?? i-5( 1 i;ii H wn* *?????? ?> (hut Ikfy could not procure nor* than enough to ?mp'oy thmwlvcr two, ihm, or four days in ? vwck. These In o Ixrti alone ou^ht to sattle Iki* <|u??tion bttrondlbo power cf cavil or npp**l< " For evil* of iIm Mixtliudt and iuvrtoniey of tlioM under which tho women nifTer, who deptnd on theh labor for support, il It diflBcull IoiUvik * remedy A complete ww?y i? perhaps l?p?*?' jjc?ble. Thay may however, and wo ho|*? will l>? mitigated. Tint mitigation mint wholly d? nend on the humanity anil sense ol jutilce of ihnw by whom they are employed, who (or lb? honor ri human nature, Il ii to be supposed, h?vn not I*'# l**rt of the feet, that the wages they have been paying were Inadequate to the purchase of food, raiment, and lodging , and who, now that the real atate of the mm la made manifest. will probably, a? they certainly ought, Increase those wage*. Although the great and increasing com petition in trade, readers it n?trt?irjr to u?e ritld -oonorny in the espense of producing artlrles for market, it enn nover |Mli>tte. far lots Jostlr'y. the oppreMtnn of the ill f*i?d |ieoplc engaged in the production, hy Hhut" l*h?-?rs larre fortune* ait made,and their employers onablud tollvn hi eas< and opulence. ?' It U p? Mtiitirlv inrmnlKsnt on those wralllty I ladles, wlm employ srnmitresirs or w?li>'rwn niriti and who on^bt to feel ivmpMl'.y fur the sufTrrlnes of tlielr #?*!, to give them such w#?< a* will not only yield them a present support. I>ut ennhle them to make provl?ion for tiroes of ?Itkrnvs or vraruily of employment. It is painful to ?tnte, tint r^pnl for truth obligee u? to stale, llial In lhi? rerpret fiifficlsnt attention if not gen erally paid to 111* ???; ed rule of '* doing unto oth er* a? we w ould have others do uoi* uv" A mod erate* legree of nltmtioi, to lliit rule, would anni hilHe n eient portion of the distrcst ol many hun dred* of ?ulTerin* females. " One Important menns of mit igating the distress of thU ilnss, would he, to increase as far an possible the diversity of femnlo em ployments, by which that competition which nas produced the pernicious reduction of wages should br diminished. "The committee hope they will be par doned for touching on a subject analogous to the objcct of their appointment, although not drmbrared in its term*. It U tn recom mend to the most serious consideration of the benevolent class of their fellow citizens, the establishment of.'a society for bettering the condition cf the poot ;* by encouraging habits of order, regularitv, and cleanlinc-s in their pet sons nnd apartment*; by instrut t ing them in the most economical modes ? f cooking their food; by inducing them to send their children to school, and, when ni rived nt n proper age, tn bind them apprentices to useful trades, and to lod^e the little surplus of their earning, when they have any sur plus, in the saving fund: bv enabling them to purchase fuel nnd other necessaries at reasonable rates; in a word, by inculcating on them those principletand that kind of c< n duct, which arc calculated to elevate them in their own estimation, and in that of so cictv nt large. Societies of this description have produced the most salutary effects en Uic comfort and morals < f ihc poor in vari ous part? of.CJreat Britain. "And while* the. committor press on the Immune and wealthy part ot the c munity, the propriety of aiding in a greater degree than heretofore, (l?y their own exertions and through the various benevolent societies that exist among u?, and whose funds hi p at pre greatly reduced,) to alleviate the distress ?if the numerous widows njtd orphans, nnd the really deserving poor- and helpless of every description, tliev would likewise sug gest to housekeepers and heads of families the propriety of seeking out and employing in the situation ot domestics, in their several families, destitute femalex, who, hy the frown* of fortune, have been reduccet to dis tress. Hundreds of this description arc to Me found within the precincts of the city nnd liberties who, if properly encouraged. would he grateful for the means of employment thus afforded them, and who might profit by the precept and example set before them in the houses of respectnblo citizens. l'er hnps there arc few ties, in common life, more binding than those that arc found to exist between a benevolent master mid mis tress, and n faithful female servant, who has grown up under their own cy and un der their carc nnd protccticn, and that ?lf llieir descendants. " All of which is respectfully submitted." Mat hew Carry, l\<jhrrt Smith, Jmrfth H'atoon, Char It? Af. Dufunj, /friijuwhi 1'ncker, ?f. .1/. t at ft, C,e^rt;r Hmtrick, What a pis '.tire of civilized society is here! What a leswm f.-.r the legislator and the economist! When we exult in the proa, pciity and applaud the political institutions of our country, chastened be our exultation and qualified our praise' I.et us pause be fore scenes like this; and before we congratu late ourselves on what is d m , let us exam ine what remains to do. The following letter appeared in thr Unit ed State* (f.ireite of tne 27th April, and evince*, at the lenst, mur.lt goodness of heart in the writer. The editor el the (iazettc, in oiling hit leaders attention to if, remarks, "This Is the age ?if whit? exertions. Tie spit it that is abroad must work out perma nent and extensive good; lessening in an emi nent <1? ^rcc the amount ot prevent ills ami oi. tree ting those errors in the opinions and pi if tiers of so< iety that would work out fit ?urc evils." Mitv the anticipation be justi fied! "/ n I'llcr from si? intelligent sn<l re* |i???-1*?'lii'ly ?f the writer ot i'ic |>njr< <>ti ills I'ul/li * imrilic* of Pliil?<lel< phi i " flow, indeed, you are on th* right road; tTiis is the true political economy of which we nave all been so long in search, and nn | which such volumes have been written. I'll . Is the true philosopev's mnnr, from |-\hich pure gold will spring. I have nil I !,'.en j.? i mi ided tha: men never inyl a right understand ingof the nature of the diflr cultics which surround Their attempts at re formation. They never discovered where the pressure Iny. In consequence of this ignorance, hospitals, prisons, treadmills, and houses of refuge have been multiplied, and charity after charity has sprui tivc. Give woman bread, ?better enough J or her child /irlton* toUt be turned Into your homes of refuge wilt tebooit. " Whatever of waste amyBMenec ap pears In the females of thj^Hpcr clams, certain it is that these vJfW%re not the besetting sin of the poor. Poor women are always frugal ami industrious; I have ob served them very narrowly, and I cm with confidence say, that they are far more in~ dmtriou* and moral tban men of tbelr own clau. Of ten fa millet, each one only able to afford one room u* a abetter, eight of the ?women thai I be frugal, Industriout, and or derly, exhibiting the ttrongett tolicUttdefor the welfare of tbelr children, white tlx oj Uhe men thall be wortc than even encumbrance* to their %aire*; so that, according to my esti mate?and Mrs. C. will agree with mt?the ? liflereiicc between the two sexes Is as eight to fr.iir. I do not know whether In country towns, or'cvcn in the country itself, tiie din proportion be not more glaring*. Two things jm?hicr this inferiority in the male poor, riic most obviouH oik- is the utter idleness in which thev spend their evening*, particular ly the long evening!! in winter, aind the rainy and waste days; nud the other Is the disic spect in which they arc brought up to show to women. A drunken, la*y, selfish man of this class will always feel that he is master, let In* wife be ever v> much superior; and, inferior an be think* her, he exact*** much of her as if she were bis equal. Many men, rich as well as poor, have this same base sentiment with respect to women. I have heard nianv sensible humane men reason in this way, when contending for higher wages for men: 'That men arc obliged to labor out of doors in hot sun* anil in storms, sub jected to all the evils that viciwotude of weather creates.' This is nil vety true, but still they live longer, and are not ?ul?jcct to i>o many petty diseases as women nie. And farther, 'that menennnot labor in the even ing, as they are exhausted with the hard labor of the da\ * In summer this xxcusc nuv appear plausible: but is fto) tins the case too with women.' Is it not as f?rcat la bor to stand at a wash tub and ironing tabla all dnv, nnd then sew and attend to house hold duties in the evenings??tts whitewash clean paint, and scrub, and, worse than all, to sit frpm !>lx in the morning until ninu in the night at her needle, with maybe three or four children around hei ? This woman, thus described, goes to bed as weary as'her iintrmntl, i>*;t altlio* Mie may and docs led equal fatigue, in her sleep asjsound as |iis? I can answer the men, tliat very few wo men, having young children, know what a pood night's rest is. It is to thin cause that we must look frr thr haggard and broken looks of so many females of thr poorer clav - ca. Hut to return to the main point of my argument, seeing that women labor equally with the ntPQ?that their life is of no longer duration?showing an equality of sufll-ring? that their necessities are as great (for 1 will not allow that the clothing of a poor woman, firofiirly clad,isof lesscost that amaii'?| and that they ore fifty pcrccnt more moral and industrious than the men?they nrc fully en titled to nn equality of wages. It is only in Cochin China, that the wage# of women arc eoual to the men's; hut there the women do nil the hard labor. Nn rule, you know, can be laid down as a guide unless it work both way?;one/>rom/?irn/ reason assigned for the disproportion of men's wages is 'that t!ie\ have families to support.' Mas not a wo' 1 man, a widow, a family to support; and if she labors two-third* ot twcit)-four hours, I if the not entitled to a? murh <i* will *u/i/,ort I herur/f and her children? Y< u have stun k 1 out n new path, and will soon get at the root ! of thr evil. I d'? not know a greater s< rvice : tint you can render the country, than to j raise the price of temalc labor. The very ' moment a woman hns in her power to iced land educntc her children, that moment crime will lessen in the world." I That our leaders imagine not that the j suffering* and oppression-. of ilie labouring classcs are confined to Philadelphia, or even j to any of our great eitien, I have copied for them from the pages of the Mechanic's I'ree i Press, the following communication: To ilifl F.rlitor* of tlirt Mechanic'* f'rre Prrn. Gentlemen? As your paper appears to have for it* objects the diffusion ?f a know ledge of the real situation in which the la Iroring classes of the community of this great nation are placed, and w hereunto th<* exist-, ing state o| arrangements have a tendency] relative to these i lasses, it may be in accor dancc with it to record the present situation of Home of these in the factories in the neigh [ borhood of Ilaltim'>r<\ I extract from my note Irook, on a pidesti inn 'nir to Vtiginia, the following lit he-, ft'* Ml/;*, si/iril 4, jr:o. " Having spent tin' nftern?"!i in jieiam bulating the muRhbot h?M>d of tiiis interesting place, which Iroin ttie number ot cotton ami other factories in its immediate vir.initv, fill ed with machinery and a vast throng i f pe?? ple all busily employed, impresses tl?e mind with the idea that here is the fountain from which flows an immeasurable stream of wraith to fertilize the community, and glad* den thr. heartsnf this free and happily situa ted people. H iving examined the rapid progress making in clearing away nil obsta cle# for thi construction oC the rail road on )he southern tmn'i of the river, where the workmen occasionally amuse tnem<clvr*hy tos:.iog high In the air rocks weighing many hundred* of pound', I returned to tV* t.v>? ern. whew, lr being Saturday ovrr.I.ig, some of trie people from the nciftit'oorinir establish ments seemed to have called for tlie purpose of hearing and relating the new* of the place. And from these I heard the following rela tions. That at the union factory the work pcop1*l?ad for some day* part turned out pfcalnivt'.an *order from the president of the eompAtijr for a i;encrri reduction ot wages of fiom twelve aid a Tmlf to fifty per cent, from the previous prices Riven, and that the work people should be locked in from clay light till trie Jtime of quitting lnl?or at night, with the exceptions ofIwenly-fivc minutes each, to be allowed inr *fco *?? eating, and returning from breakfast and dinner. These oppressions caused twelve out of thir teen mulespinncrs to leave, and seek em ploymrnt, as they said, in less despotically conducted places. A number of hJinds em ployed in the carditis and weavitt* room, likewise promptly quitted their work{as al so some of the machinists though their wa ? ges were not altered, rather than they would Kobmit to lie incarceratcd in a prison house, like convicts, six days out of seven of the w<ek. Among those who are obliged to submit to and comply with the mandate ot* this relentless ruler Co fa free fieoftle J arc a number of female*, ancf tlic children of wid ows, who have been induccd locate here for the purpo&c of getting work and subsistence Tor their families; and whose previously scanty pittance being thus abridged, will heap additional misery on their already heavily oppressed shoulders. I could not ascertain whethertht business of the factory haviiiR been unprofitable was the cause ol the reduction ot the pvicc of lanor, but one thing struck me, that that could hardly be the ease, since in tlic machine making dc partment there was an unusual briskness of demand. Although the people could not tell me whether the Union Factory's operations had been productive to the itockholdcrs do ring the present year just ended: they said that the Poivhuuan Mtrtory, whose year endrd abo.:t the last of December, 1828, had m.idc a clear Haiti during that vcar of .<50,000. Twenty thousand dollnrs of which they had nppropiiated to puichasc addi tional machinery, and thirty thousand was divided among the stockholders. This fac tory works fifty power looms. " It was stated llu?t the Savajrc Factor) in couiciiit nrr with if* nnmt, has been lor some time passed, by the /ock-tifi iy*reni being rigidly enforced, converted into a pri son house or bnstile, where if any person without wishes to speak with one within, b making application Jo tiic storekeeper, at! mittancc is granted into a lobby, 011 the ground floor, and a messenger sent for the person wanted; or the message is carried, and nn answer brought if the case admits it; or, as W often practised hv none wnm?n nn the spot, when they want to ask a question of one within, they knock at an outer door, give the name of the person wanted, who in sent for, when they may he allowed n brief communication through the window. " It was stated to he the intention of the rest of the facttgics in the neighborhood to follow this example, and thereby demon strate to some thousands of people the addi tions, that the proscnt system of monopoliz ed manufacturing labor-saving machinery is likely to add to the liberties of the working people of th*s boasted free country. " About 25 or 00 years ago the effect* of this lock u/i nuMtrm was well illustrated by a large factory in Manchester, (England,) tak ing fire, while the manager was absent with the key in his poikvt, and the people at work; numhtrs of whom threw themselves from the lofty windows; some into the adja cent dam. ot bets were smashed to pieces by the (all upon the stones, while many were [crushed to death under the fallen fiery ntins. jComment is from me unnecessary; only 1 I may observe, that first appearances are [sometime* liable to deceive, unless cautious iiupiiiies arc instituted. SCRUTATOR. T)n. IIosack's Mkmoir of Dk Witt Ci.inton.?-This anxiously expected work has at last made its appearance, in n most beautiful dress.?The frontispiece isa splen did engraving (by Duraml) from a bust of De Witt Clinton (by Coffee,) beneath which is a far r.imi'.r of the hand wiitingofthc great statesman. We have mmnarcd this with several outogrnphs of l)e Witt Clinton, in our possession and w confidently pronounce it to be very faithfully executed. The en graving bears an accurate resemblance to the nobly formed head of the original,par ticularly in the firm and haughty lip, and the rapacious brow. De Witt Clinton had the haughtiest month, and proudest forehead, we ever saw in mortal man. Nature gave him a face and figure corresponding t<* his capac ious and exalted mind. His firmmte was always imposing. The second plate is a pillar of fame, whose summit is lost in the clouds, and whose base is supported by the genius of America, in the shape ol a beautiful woman. At the base of the col umn is a head of Clinton; and ascending in the order of time, we find the heads of Stephen Van Rensselaer, Cadwalli?der D. Co'ih n. J. Foreman, Thomas I'^hly, Jonas I'latt, General Schnyler, George Clinton, J. Hawley, Chistonhcr Colics, J.Smith, I'l ktiinh Watson, (iovcrueur Morris, Govrru cr Colden, and Washington. It is a splen did groupe. The third plate is a map of the nort tern and Western (Canals of the state of New York, with a pofile of the levels of the Grand I'.rie Canal. Doctor Ilosack's discourse is chnractcri seed by his usual fluency r f style. lie is one of the most rapid writer* in this country, nnd he par.sci fiom one subject to another with great ea#e. He begins with the r.ners try of De Witt Clinton, his birth, education Sc'c. lie then proceeds in regular aider tc his marriage, connexion with Mftsotuy, lit c.r?ry character, i -?? Canal Commi* |*ioncr,&c. &c? hi* death, and funeral ob* sequic*. The memoir to fall and lucid* oe* cupying 132 pages of the week, the remain ing 393 page* contain a great variety of documents, illustrative of the principal events in the lite of Clinton..-^'. F. Aftr nlng Courier. THE TARIFF. ! A letter hmbcrn addressed to the editor* j* V?c ^,?w.^ork Evening Foot, from Boston . ? <n?t,tnt? containing th? following statements: That the effect? of the "Ame rican System" now begin to unfold them selves; that so great hat been the investment ?J. ' ???dI labour In manufactures, that All are injured bv the competition, and by that want of skill which attends so great a rush into a new business, without experience or economy; that there have been numerous failures in New England; that there are not five factories there whoso stock would sell at par, and average of cotton would not ex ceed 30 or 40 cents, and of woollen* much ? This is an unplensatit picture, if it be nn ncrurate one; but w?* cannot vouch for the accuracy of the statements. Connected in part with the subject of the tnrlff i? an article which has just appeared at Boston, in the 32d No. ot the " ChrUtlun /ixamlnrr." It is commcndcd in the high est terms by the Boston Commercial Ga zette, and the New York Evriint Post, both of them Anti-Tariff*papers?and from the allusion in these papers, we should sup pose the article to come from the pen ot Mr. Channing.one of the most highlvfrifteil writers in New England, or in the United States. His reputation abroad is pre-emi nently high.?Be the author who he may, he is certainly very impressive, if we may judge from the specimens we have seen? and the interest of his theme is calculated to cnll forth all his powers. It is upon tho subject of the Union of these States; taking h?H text from the rrcfnt correspondence be tween Mr. Adams and several federal citi zens of Massachusetts. He tour lies upon the course and character of the Federal Par ty? the conduet and standingofthcSupremc Court of the United States. He dwell* em phatically upon the mishiefs which would arise from the dissolution of our coufedei-nt ed government. He dcplcts in glowing co lors the benefits which result from this un ion?and points out the Rreat rules which nrcncressary for preserving and perpctuat our ?ystein. He comes at length to the fol lowing views, which we lay before cur read ers, and which will give them a spec imen of of the whole article. They come in as a very appropriate Appendix to the copioua extracts we have iust made from the Edin burgh Review, and apology for the People cf [America:?[Richmond Cnmfiiler. | "The principles of legislation now laid j clown, seem to us to have an Important bear ing on two great questions, whifli hnvc ul re.idy agitated the cnuntrv, and which, we fear, bode no'good tn the Union. We refer to the restrictive system and to internal im provement. The first, which proposes to protect certain bmnr.hcs of domestic indus try, seems to us singularly wanting in that simplicity and impartiality, which, as I have said, should characterise our legislation. It cannot be understrod by the mass of the people,and it will certainly divide them.? In the first place, the restrictive system in volves a Constitutional difficulty. We of this region, indeed, generally conccde to Congress the right of limiting trade in gene ral or of annihilating; particular branches of it, for the encouragement of domestic indus try; but the argument for a narrower con struction of the Constitution is certainly spe cious, and certainly strong enough to give to those on whom a tariff"inny press heavily the consciousness of being wronged. In the next place, the general question of the ex pediency ot restriction must be allowed by its advocates to be a difficult one. The growing light of the age certainly seem to oppo*c it, and the statementsand reasonings by which it is defended, even if founded, in truth, arc yet so intricate and open to ol? jection, that vast numbers even ?'f <he en lightened cannot lie satisfied of their validi ty. But supposing restriction to be admitted the question as to its extent, as to the kind* of industry which shall be protected, n? 1.1 the branches of trade which shall be sacr! fictd, this nuestion is the most perplexing which can lie offered to popular di??ussion, and cannot fail to awaken cupidity, jealousy and hatred. From the nature of the case, the protection must be unequally extended, ..or ean any wisdom balance the losses to which different States will be exposed. A restrictive tariff is necessarily a source of discord. To some portions of the country it must be an evil, nor will thev suffer patient ly. Disadvantages imposed ny nature, com munities will hear, but not those which aro brought on them by legislation. We have Indeed variouso(s!ectionstothc whole system of protection. We believe it to b? decep tive throughout. We also oppose it, on tho ground that our country in adopting l?, aban dons its true and honorable position. To this country, above all others, belong, as its urimnry dut^r and interesr, the support of liberal principles. It has nothing in its in stitutions congenial with the maxims of bar barous ages, with the narrow, monopolising, restrictive legislation of antiquated despo tlims. Freedom in all its forms, is our life, strength, prosperity; and every system at war with It, however speciously maintained, is a contradiction to our characters, and, wanting harmony with our spirit, must take sometlun#, however silentlv, from the ener gy of the institutions which hold ut togeth er. A* citizens of the world, we grieve that this country should help to prolong prejudi ces, which even monarchy Is outgrowing; should, in imitation of medling despotisms, undertake to direct the industry and capital of th* citizen, and especially should lota