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^_ By D. W. SIMS, state pmuter. COLUMBIA, S. C. MAY 15, 1829. Vol. XV No. 20. wmmmmmn , nini,.i??i?1 Lueagaeaaw PUBLISHED EVERT FRIDAY MORNING! TERMS?T*rte Dollmrtftr aaaM, f?jfmktt ?4 mJuMCt, or Four Dollar, ptgabli ml thttndof IM|Mr. ADVERTISEMENTS IhmH/4 * Ike vsvml rat to. Columbia, ftf.Cj 25,1839. To the Hon. Chancellor Desausmiret Dear 8m?I take great pleasure in re plying to your enquiries concerning the Lu natic Asylum; ana the more so, because eve ry thing pertaining to its nature, character and prospects, seems to be but little under stood bp r..any, an?l by others singularly mis apnfweMM*' As to the building itself* I have no hesi tation In saying, thnt in point of splendour of appearance, and ot internal arrangement for the safety and comfortable accommoda tion of lunatic*, it will bear a comparison with any similar establishment on the conti nent. The chambers and dormitories are well ventilated, and eaually adapted for moderating the cold of winter, and the heat of summer. And as regards the airing and cxertUing grounds?the elevation ami sub stantial character of the surrounding wails for the aecuritv and seclusion of the inniatci. I have seen nothing equal to them at any other Asylum in tnU country. A* to the misrepresentation concerning the cost of this institution, to which you allude, it is extra ordinary that any one should have permitted himself to beoo grossly mistaken on a subject of so public a nature; since an easy refercncc to the public acts of ot.r Legislature, within the l ist five or six years wotdd huve enabled I him to have arrived ot tlic truth of the fact.j Instead of 5400,000, the sum assumed by that| writer, the whole appropriations appear by , the certificate of the treasurer,to have been1 something less than ?74,000. I would be unwilling to draw comparisons that might appenr invidious, but when I hear so many complaint* of the extravagant expenses of this Asylum, I cannot refrain from a remark ortwo which ought to place this mktter more than at rest, with the mott rigid economists. The Bloomingdalc Asylum of New-York, cost $200,000. It is constructed to contain or accommodate about 160 lunatics. Our* cost less than $75,000, and is calculutcd to accommodate about 109 lunatics. The Hlooiningdale Asylum is in no part, except its walls, fire-proof?its ceilings arc not arched, and its roof is of shingles. The Ca rolina Asylum has its ceilings substantially arched with brick?ita roof is of copper, am} It therefore is completely fire-proof. From this comparison, which might be ren dered m?re minute in favor of cmr Asylum, it must be at once pcrceivcd, that it is by far the least costly building ol the two; and we hazard but little in saying that it is the cheapest public building in the United Mates. It is but justice to say that the Ktonmingdatc Asylum is a noble building, but it whs built of stone before the quarries were so extensively opened as they ure now, and they then paid 52 per foot for such stone u* Will now be delivered at 75 ccnttper foot, hut moreover, there is another view of the auhject that is well calculated to silence the clamours of the mo?t parsimonious. The Carolina Asylum is the property of the state. The Legislature of New-York liberally gave aa a sheer donation to an incorporated society $'&Af,000 for the purposes of that establishment?and consequently his now no property In it, nor controul over It. The State of Pennsylvania and also of Maryland, made large donations from time to time for the same purposes; nevertheless, if our Le gislature nad bestowed its money ns u dona tion, for the sole benefit of a few individuals, there might have been some more plausible grounds lor clamor and complaint. On the subject of accommodation, expen ses, ice. of the lunatics, I remark generally, that subject* arc received at from fflo to 5500 per annum They are received at rates according to the accommodations and attendance that may be required by their friends, and stipulated by the regent*. For paupers of our own State }fJ0 Is exacted, clothing and every other ex|H-n!.e included. For pay .patient*, where no extraordinary at tendance is required bvthe friends, the'cost rs^l jC> per annum. When it is rerfoim' to provide a private keeper or genteel com panion (besides the common keepers) and separate and better tables for either sex, the highest charge as yet has been JoGo. The accommodations are substantially good, clean and wholesome; ami every kindness and indulgence is systematically extended towards the patients that their cases will (jcrinit. The regents have been fortunate n obtaining u sunerintet.dent. lie appear* to be happily calculated for the offi' e. He is humane, kind, intelligent, and fuin, and a man of established integrity. The Asylum went into operation in list December. There have been nine subject > received, the majority of whom were taken troin jails, where they have been Ivin^ for ? ears, some lodged there for murder, and others to prevent acts of violence. Su? :.,o!il cases ot insanity must, for the most parr; be considered as incurable. Hut it is m vn the delightful already to witi,e>>s the influ ence of the mere moral discipline ?.f the house upon them. They came here turbu lent, irascible, violent, and some of them even dangerous. They are already a well regulated and subordinate littje community, and actually exhibit a considerable share of ?elf government. They occupy their own rooms?the large corridors?and the airinjr grounds In good weatjier, as they plea*", un der the eve of their keepers. Tin y t ike their rneulsdecer.ilv and ingo?4nrdi??p-1.?> at nine-pins and other sports, and really ?":etn to enjoy thimsflve. remarkably well. The medical treatment consist* chiefly,! but not exclusively, In a systematic plan of moral regimen. The government of the house I* a system of kindne ss. Mo restraint ?no privation is Inflicted but from absolute necessity?nor then* without explaining the reasons of it in the earnest and kindest man ner, and exhibitlng-our reluctance in the per* formance ot it. The influence of this treat* mcnt, in a short time, is really wonderful t and if they are absolutely incurable* their existence Is thereby rendered comparative* !y tolerable. The bounty of our state in this work of beneficence, Is beginning to be duly appre ciated, not only by ourselves, but by our sis* ter states, as is manifested by their already beginning to seek this Asylum, more eligible both from its climate and proximity, than the distant Asylums of the north. It is yet awhile greatly to be lamented, that our citisens do not seem sensible of the unspeakable importance of seeking this Asy lum for their friends in the very ftrM Mane of the malady. It is, then, n curabic din ease in a great majority of cases, c*pcc?aliy under the facilities of a well regulated Am - lum. Old inveterate cases are seldom, so. With sentiments of high respect 1 nnO dear sir, your most obedient servant, JAMES DAVIS MISCELLANEOUS A letter in the New York Commercial from London, dated in February Jaw:, from the pen of un American, contains the fol lowing: I Depend upon it, meatnres in retaliation of ' our tarifflire in hand. 1 am a* well convinc* i cd of the fact aw if 1 had seen the sovereign'* signature to the Htututc that helore the riling of the present parliament, Mr. Hu&kissou's ! well remembered pledge to the merchant* ot Liverpool will he redeemed. The lows to Great liritnin of a further fraction of the American trade, could he amply met by anothcr slight innovation 011 the chartered privilege* of the Knst India Company.? L'he impetus given to the export of cotton good* to ilcngal by the act of Parliament a few yearn wince, hat turned the eyea of both statesmen and merchants to that quarter of the earth, aw a market lot* future manu factures. Fraud* in cotton.?It in high time that the factors and merchants nt the south, should devise some means by which to put an end to the increasing number uud extent of frauds in the packing of cotton. Several cases have occurred lately in this city where 'the loss of the holder has been very great. 1 In one instance lately, 19 bales of Alabama cotton were told by sample, the quality of which was good, while on examining the interior of the hales they were found 10 con tain not only inferior cotton but ttxtecnjiun drcd ftounda of teed. Several instances have also occurred of fraudulent packing in (?uorgia cotton where the interior was mere trash, while the outer lay tis ov/ilaited por tion, exhibited as handsome cotton nt any ? f that crop in market. Formerly it was a subject of reproach to North Carolina, that her cotton wns hardly cleaned, of poor quali ty?and fraudulently packed with large stones, feeds, and other trash; but of late years the quality and condition of the nrticlc from that state has been preferred i?v many to the crops of uplands from other states. This no doubt wa* brought about by the ente of merchant* and agents in iccciving the produce from tbe planters, keeping a register ot their names and of the marks and gins, so that prompt redress could he had in ease any fraud shoulil cscapc during the hurry ot huvness. It is highly important for shippers to this market that something should lie done in the markets complained of, as It is now settled law that a mile by unit/u'e 1$ a xoarrunty.?A*. V. Mercantile .1d: , Interesting to .Imerlean cultivator* of to bacco.?At a late annual meeting of the old ' Hath and West of Kngland Society,' a Mr. Hannlng brought forward a motion respect ing the cultivatora of Tobacco in Jingtund. He Mtid the cultivation of that plant in Kng land was at present prohibited by u law which was passed for the protection of the North-American eoloniisj and th.it if the cultivator of it were permitted, it would iprove extremely useful to the British agri ] culturalist, as he knew from his own experi* , c-ncc, that it might be grown in this country j as readily as 011 the continent, Heconclua ed by moving that the socicty should apply to the minister*, ami request the laws res pecting Cie growth of tobacco to be repeal ed* ns*'ae growth of it in Kngland weuid be a means of preparing the ground for wheat. The motion was second id and m.ai..;. ouwlv carried.? stincrtcrni J-urmtr. srini r ?.r uahvi/.N'd. Thertd?m?rixe of the ci'acn* ot MatyiaT-d is not only displaying itself in the Ohio nod Su?qnehantif;h H'rl Hwfo but in the inror* porationof Companies, for the improvement of commerce ai d Agrit'dt?jr?\ Thev havectablis'ieda Cantor. Cow/mm/ in Baltimore, whose cap'.;..! *to? k i?. t>> ' onsise of 'JO.OOOjdiares if Ifi'-'i ?aeh, amounting to $7,000,000' Sid)'ci iptiou hooks w ere open ed on Tuesd.'iv week? *in?I the amount sub K'i'ib*(l on the fira iUy, w,s about ?500,00'", large addition* "o the list were subsequent I y made. The Maryland Legislature has also incor porated a Company (,,r the cultivation of the Vine with a capital ot ?12000. Thepbjec.t* of the company Hrtt"i?'r?lii< e and ttif sn 'he general and skilful culture of the Vine ; and ' hold such lands ami real au?l person;1 '?state*, ami crec* vr.h Works and establish ments, us msv he pr<>pcr for oilti rating, iin moving, gat lie ling, preparing and pieser ? ing the grape, as also for tl.c manufacture and ures^tratlon of wjne.' * * The following article wii written by Dr. Thomas Coonca, President of the Bouth Carolina College, in Philadelphia,before he had made any arrangement* or entertained any expectation of removing to the southern Mates. It it, perhaps, the ftrtt article be fore the public, in which the right of Con* grow to pats law* for the exclusive purpose of protecting domestic manufactures, was discussed and disputed. Attempts have of ten been made to iuvuliUate the authority of Dr. Coofier'a name and to parry the force of hit reasoning upon this subject, by sug< getting his inconsistency, and chaiging a time-serving changc of opinion ill order to suit the citcuinstancesof his position. Thi* is the common artifice of those who feel them wlvcs unable to answer the argument. We have transferred thin article to our columns h? well because it ia an act of ju*ticc to the author, a* bcc.ime wc believe it will he ii-cad with interest by our subscribers.?[Ed. [Tkl.] J SvMi-'roni lli? " Amlfrllr Magitiinn," Vol. XIV, ol July. 1810.] Aut. V.?American Manufacture?. Bv Thomas Coopkr. [The public attention is. ut procnt very touch attracted by the question, every where discussed, whether heavy imposts, amounting to a prohibition, ought not robe laic! .mi foreign manufactures, for the pur |in?e of giving effectual encouragement to our own. The subjict requires very enre- j ftil and impartial investigation, and sup plies peihaps the only question of nntiou td policy that now divides the opinions of our citizens. That the manufacturing establishments of our country may besucccssful in, or ought | to hi, the wish ?<f every American ; but by wiint meaiii their prosperity is to be secured without injury to the agricultural uttd commercial classes, it is not very easy to determine, Communications on both siilcs have been offered for insertion in this journal, and as the ft rut desideratum is to have th?* matter well discussid, we shall, maintaining a pel feet neutrality, give iiiM it ion to b<?ili. .And wc commence with the essay which follows, because it was the first received, and also because the opposite argument having been lately given \ erv fully to the public in the ad dresses "f the 'Philadelphia Society for the promotion of National Industry ^ our readors may be disposed to see what can be said in snppoit ol the system hither*o iii favor) The papers in Philadelphia, are crowded with cvtays in support of the system of en couraging our mnaufurtun-s at brine, and prohibiting by hi|.'h duties the importation of manufactures from abroad ; and we aie jrravely referred to the examples of Kiusia, Portugal, and other European nations, to persuade us to adopt a measure, whit h (fit K.. I ..II > - . - L- - ?? ? w- IM Hll| UU^IIl IU IJV MUI JIUU (in motive* and reasons exclusively of domestic manufacture?ai iking from the existing cir cumstnnccs of our own nation. I have no objection to concede many ad vantages as arising from iho system recom mended : for instance It will furnish employment for many idle people in our *en port town* 1 ami for many ivnmer. and children in cur cities who np pear to want such a resource. It will answer the purpose of nn increased population, hy substituting the force of ma chinery for the force of men. It will increase greatly all the motives to acquire useful knowledge among us ; a knowledge of mathematics and mechanics for the construction of mn? hiucrv ; r.nd a knowledge c.f chemistry lor devirirg and conducting the innumerable chemical pro cesses* upon which the great manui.K.tuics j depend. Such a* those of gold, silver, and' platinn, for plating, gilding, silvering, platt - nating?those of topper, brass, tin, antimo ny, cobalt?the almost innumeiahle proces ses connected with iron and steel manufac tures from the ore to the finished article? the blenching, <lyeing, and printing of wool len and cotton goods?the mimnficturc of paper hangings, chemical (lings, potter)' war*, clasvware,, fo>:. Ccr. all of which will create such a demand for the knowledge ne cessary to the pursuit and improvement of all these branehes of manufacture, that a man must wilfully shut bis eve*to these ad vantages, who can venture to deny them.? The time will come ere many year* shall have possed nv/ntr, in which the low value and gtcat abundance r.f taw material, the increased capital and population of ttic country, the iiigh price of land, and theb?w profit of agricultural employment*, will gradirdly tfinpt capital into manufacture?, I and place them on a permanent basis. Hut in my opinion that state of things is yet at a distune.' ; and a manufacturing nystcm is ns yet, premature. To be permanent, it nyisi be brought on gradually by the natural an I permanent Influence of causes that do not yet exist in sufficient force. Let us look on the other side of the rjues. tion ; ami examine with what juithr con gress can accede to the clamours of the manufacturing interest 1 wl,ether it i* r.r fintient to gratify their wishes at this time : whether it is n ?t now, and for many year* will be, r.rcc**ary to peimit the introduc tion of foreign manufacture* a*, a tariff not exceeding the present i ami whether the firofrction uhmdy afltrHrd to the home manufacturer be not sufficient for alt rta vitiable purposes. And riNST, n* to the ju?tke of prohibitory (little*, Iwyond the nresent tariff. Our pop ulation reaches eight million* 1 the manufac turer* in woollen, cottons, metal*, dye** will be rated high at thirty two thousand. ? |I mean those whose tabor and capital arc 'embarked exclusively in one or other of these branches of manufacture ; for the manufactures carried on to employ the leis ure hour* of a family at home, arc out of the aueetioii; they neither aik nor need more than has been already (ranted. Divide eight millions by thirty two thru Mind, and the ouotient it two hundred and fif ty. Hence it follows that one man asks of | the representatives of the people, to permit him to charge two hundred uud fifty of his fellow cititens half a dollar a yard more for his broad cloth than they pay at present, ill order to encourage this one man's manufac ture of bioud cloth. Truly this is a very modest request ! it nuts me in mind of a no ted passage, containing u petition equally reasonable in one of Dryden's playr, Ya (Scxl* 1 miniliiUtf lull time and f|?c?, An J tuskc two Invert lirfipy. Again, 1 should be glad to know whether congics* meeting for thegocd of the nation, and having no power to la> unequal burthens on the people, have a right tlius to foster, /lie projects of one man ut the cxpeusu of wu hundred and fifty i Rut it is not one man who is concerned in this attempt to tax two hundred and fifty of his fellow citijr.tns : it is not the manufactu rer of broad cloth alone : the cotton spinner, the muslin manufacturer, iltc fabi icator of teans, jennets, velvets, velveteens, kerseys, lerseynets, calicoes, shirtings, nankeens, flee. fee. &e. apply for the mme privilege. They arc followed by the dyer, the bleach er, the ealeoc printer, the iron founder, the copper kmcltcr.the brass mnnufactuicr, the tin plate maker, aid a hundredothcis whose names 1 cannot recollect or enumerate, all ot whom look upon the unfortunate twoj hundred and fifty agriculturists and persons living on salaiies, ns their nrrper prey ; just as a Hock of geese is eyed bv h fox ; so that [the asked-for tariff of'prohibition, operntes | as a tax on the two hundred uud fifty plan iters, not in one wav, but a hundred way*. ' Have not the two hundred and lifty fntmcrs a right to say to their reprcscntati*. cs in congress, gentlemen, if you compel to buy i our clothing of Mr. A. at a higher rate than I wc now give for it, yeu tax us, not for a na tional benefit, but for his benefit. Again. I presume the prisons concerned I in commerce, have as much claim to be pro jected as the manufacturers ; and to do .them justice they arc not u whit behind I hand with their rivals, in clamors for pro jection. I run no hazard in asseiting, that j !rvf?y *;??>? tint twti'jfi hut uetuul'y brcA r/i-1 igagrtl in, hut been incitnl by t/ic mercantile ' interest, and tvt >y :vvr the in likely to be en XUKCL' ,r for future, will Jtrobubly be excite-i l?j the cfatr.or* of the tnerchantt, or the clamora of the manufacturer*. Roth the one class and the other consist of an orga nized, restless, noisy, complaining, remon strating, b'gging, petitioning, demanding, .ever-craving set ot men, ulio from their ! gregarious and associating habits hove a de ? cide.l advantages o\ er the quiet, and scatter vu jiupuutuoii oi planters. \\ un me rr.cr clutnt and the manufacturer, the interest of the body, is always paramount to the inte rest of t he nation : the merchants however are satisfied if you eieatu it navy and cntrr into wars for their protection : the manu facturers call for u code of taxation and pe nal laws. Those who will not consult, or will not credit experience on this point, may credit Puftcmlorf if they will, who has said it before me. Or they may l?H?k at the wars in Europe for the last century. F.vep the wars of (Jrcat Britain wi-h llonnparte, con sisted chiefly in a struggle, on one side for the maintenance, on another for the sup pression of a commercial and manufacturing monopoly. However, be this as it may, the merchants have av strong a right to demand that their interests should be protected, as the manu facturers. Imperially, n* the amount of ptoperty and population engaged at present m commerce, is at least ten fold iu our coun try to that employed in manufacture, lint if a system of liome manufacture is to be e s tablished, imports and export>, that is com m> kck, must be diminished in proportion. Is it reasonable !<>r the inunufaclurcr* tode mand, that the mercantile interest shall be sacrificed t<? theirs Employ your capital as you think best, says the merchant ; but do not make a filing conrern, a profitable one, by iux:ng the community and diprcs sing us. I do not dwell nn the entire change, on the tmfold strictness, on the very great d illicit I tic, stub an alteration would intrmluce into the whole of our system of taxation and fi nance?and into our system of customhouse regulations?rmr on the army of custom house officers that will be required?or the navy ot custom house schooner*, nnd swift ??ailing vessels of all descriptions that must be commissioned?"n the utter impossibility pftcr all endeavors of preventing smuggling, from the eastern shore of Vermont to the western shore of lake Kric, and front Si. Mary's to the district of Maine?nor on the hn/.atd, that the nciessttics of government from diinimshed duties on import*, may gradually point at the introduction of direct taxes and ultimately of excise. It UsufRucti! t<> suggest these circumstaores to the intel ligent reader ; they are difficulties of fear ful magnitude, and will be felt by reflecting men. Again. All commerce is essentially foun ded on reciprocity, or supposed reciprocity of advantage. To encourage our home man ufaclnre, it i? proposed lo lax high the man* ufactures of I'.urope. In return, or in re venge if you please, thev tlitow diseomage meiiUon our raw materials of cotton, tire, to bacco. What right Iim congress then to tax indirectly the staples of the southern states, for the sake of n handful of munufaeturin); | speculators ' I'or it i* exactly the r.ame whether we tax the export* or Great Britain taxes the import. I My then, that to increase the amooat of the pieient tariff of duties, would operate M a multifold tax on a prodigious majority of our fellow cltliena* In favor of a small bpdjr of men comparatively, who may and can employ their time and their money benefi cially in other pursuits i and that congreaa might not to be cajoled into this unfair pro- * reeding, on the authority of any autocrat of Russia, or king of Portugal, past,present, or to comc. The measure would in the pres ent circumstances-of the country, be u*)vf. But setting aside the justice or injustice of the measure, let us inquire, whether It would be expedient at this time* Gentlemen manufacturers, can you sup ply the United Statea with the Innumerable Articles of manufacture they require, if all ini|K>rtntion of manufactured article* were prohibited? Take the favorite at tides of woollen and cotton. Is It in your pow er for these ten years to come, to sup ply nt any price, tnc demand for the neces sary articles of woollen ami cotton clothing ? Or are we, In order tc foster your schemea of manufacturing monopoly, .to go half na ked, till you arc pleased to furnish us with the coverings that climate and decency re quire * You know you cannot suppU tlio demand. You nrr not prepared for it. Un til you can, wc must of nec essity be (appli ed from other quarters. Manufactures must be introduced moderately and gradually in order to he permanent : their proper founda tion, is excess of population and inability to dispose abroad of raw material. The%e two circumstances have not yet visited ur: nor will manufacture* be nccessary to the cot ton planter till the price of the raw materi al arrives nt the eighth of a dollar per lb.; and it is even doubted if that price will not afford a reasonable profit to the cotton plan ter. It is not so reduced as yet. Again, on the score of expedience. Altho* our ?ca port towns teem with idlers who want not .m relv employment but inclinstion to be employed, no man in his \cnses enn pretend that this is the case in the country, where the great obstacle to cultivation is the high price of labor, and the great difficulty of procuring it at any prlcc. Indeed, witb all the outcry about people who wnnt work, in our sea potts, the evil really consists in this that they who seek for work will not work at a reasonable price. Is there a co lored man in the streets of Philadelphia, who will hire himself under a dollar a day * Is there not a superabundance of employ ment for decent and industrious white wo men at hi^li wages, who will condescend to he cooks,chambcr-m:<ids,r>r nursery-maids ' It is a farce to talk about want of employ ment for the poor here i the fact Is not so, and my readers know it. It i? want of will to work, not want of work to do. Do you not (the I'hiladelnhians^ at present pay 150,600 dollar* annually, under tbnt nhsurd nttd de moralising system called the poor Inws, to mu'mtc-'n the alms-house full of idlers, who ought to starve or to work f Bui vmir seaport town* do not constitute mprc than n make-weight, In the Kdle of atfrimcnt. Is there a redundant population starving for want of employment In nny part of the country from Maine to the Arkansas > Is not the outcry every where, labourers nr? not to he procured ; nnd if procured, the pi-ice of their labour eats up the profits of the farmer > A system ot manufactures then,will gieat ly increase an evil of prodigious magnitude among its. It will increase the difficulty of procuring farming servants in the country, and domestic servant* in onr sen port towns: for it must draw its labourers from situations where Inbourcrs are actually wanted at the present moment. That high wtq-en given to manufacturers, will prchnbly ptecure manufacturing labour, and tempt others to work who would proba bly live idle, I ran readily allow ; but the great supply must be drawn by means of high wages, from places nnd sources that < an ill spare the labour wanted s and upon the whole it is likely as yet to operate as n national evil in this respect rattier than n benefit. Manufactures would bt useful if we weie over populated, but who can say that the United States arc so now ? Hcncc it appears to mc inexpedient in a high degree, to raise the price of labour up on the funning interest, by raising up tno competition of manufactures : this will tend to itiscouragc agriculture ; to enhance the price of nil the products of agriculture ; and tax every member ot the community, for the wise purpose of enabling him to buy homo manufactured articles, ten per cent worse in quality, and fifty per cent liigher In price, than they now are. For that this will ho the case in gmicral, 1 can appeal to past ex perience. Again. The price of agricultural products is already too high, owing to the great defi ciency of capital employed on farms. For want of capital, n?ir farm* are 111 cleared, ill fenced, hnlf tilled, and not halt manured. No innu ran farm to reasonable profit, or even tolerably well, who does not appropri ate a capital of at least five and twenty dol lars an wr* to thr cultivation of his clearcd land > and those who live near Philadelphia well know, that the most wealthy farmers, farm to the most profit. la it expedient then to divert or withdraw fir>m agriculture into manufactures, the so much needed CApital ?, Hut the manufacturer* say, ? we will fur nish you with a market at your own doors, * ithotjt seeking a foreign market or aendirig your grain and flour abroad,' l his |? an ? lynnient of little weight; for at present, ?>c do n^t export as much grain and flour ?(together from the United mate* at would feetTGreat Britain for a fortnight; and that quantity is not increasing, for unluckily, consumer* Increase fatter than pnduceri. Until, therefore, the redundant population and redundant capital of our country shall