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iA#. V- -)jjj ~UJI1I~L UGIL iLA[WUY.~ ?~~~jI CIE~~ANT4 VOL 11 D-tA IWill ._ f 1 1 ,j' electing lepresenatatives, Congres: woulil at once, ''il pilt silisee" u a power expressly granted by til Constitutioan, pruoeedt to provid< ieces.sary election laws, and b% virtue of these laws, a hiiulful o people inight lawfully elect all tli Rtepresentatives to whielh tle Stat< sleUld be entitled. The consequenc( would be, that tle choiec of Rlepre sentatives, would f1al exclusively into the iiamil of those opposcd, i supposition, to the State, and oil tle side of the Union. It wiulid not help, tho in~attr, that the Legis lature shoil.1 have acteil uider awl ijll rot tioaa Iroan Convention. The. rldinallee, of Conveitiolli. Onljoinlitli he act, would be of tao higher tnIthrity than the Coansti:tioll 0l lhe State. Ilndecl, every ordinaanec 4 Coivenition, is, inl theory, : part of lie S'tatu Constittionll: lut the _..onastituti:oa of the Unait:vd States !x'raessly declares, that all law s in:ile a p.urasianee thereof, slall be the upreime haw of the Ia ia'1, ara1l that, '[1e dudges ia every State shall le >uad ere, aij thiag in tiae .Old~tihtion or laws oT aaay Sta"te tu lie cotrary, totwid s andiig.'' TIhis t will be secO, that Representatives lected under the circumustances de ribedl, by a hanadil of i.eople, ill ome corier of the State, would have o be rega rded as lawfull lepresent a iV es not ny! Iv the United iSates .itlhoritlits, blt byN th judicizl ribunals of the Stawe its(.lf. A nd 1 hould tie Le, isature, ill obedienice o an ianjniction Fruni Conventiona, Leelare it aa11 oieice to paiticipate in ueh elections, the b Late (ouX:s Vold be Lounaid, iy aJhs ofollice, to leclare the act of the lngis!ature o :ni nd void. There el ,judilly apoI nC , .ItIt;.tua .1 the United V':;Ites, shoI si lemnily decla., that II "tate hil lever inteiid to :It to CIgress the I O"r t. I' . 'ile 16r eleedaos. At1l where is he pos ;)iibi ity or the desidca!tiltev, hat, I ConlvIntiun ..f the I collic I .ithL0i Ci i:a ShiUbl eLr I e rought to u I t 1r Zs I . alabl a flse Lat it is Ie,'01-1 to say mnoro, with lo view if sh1wi Ng that Il C te Caanveaa iuan awl tle Cnuiis:itution f the state, ave :iig to i with e i.atter of nited t:ies Senaos al i Rpire etaieI1ViC. if 's I have alrea 1k .6 i, the110 110pepe shouid Choose t it' ice l'-presentatives und her an act 'ongr:tess fir th 1 ur~pose, Lhey woubl ihAte aeithLr the laws or the UCt. titation, of tle Uniteu States ; but nist lie b rne ill dadil, tha:t thoulI -very perlsin la t!m: LiatL, exct; t iity voters Luuul refuse to go to the Cis . osI'lu(Ing- I the/-Pt" andf thle irsonsi ebeted bv thmai, wubt hle awful I 'resentatiViS. A distila. 'ar linati, waus on ce electel lie rthiraty -ites, ther e bling noi iop'oitiin. Jhat ill llint ol expiedieneyv, what ou;i~ ( otismueitces eaui I.e pinj~:l uit as likely to hfoo ? Not oneO, I pprehieul. Thact por tioni of thle peo de, whi, tr ~any reasonI sh'ull h ose to respect the will of the ('a. is to thie eetion if hhl prsenieaivcs: mdi the electiona would flall excIusivt y? 3 it lie h anuls of tho se who i woubtl lisregard thie will oif the Cinveaniin. l'o pie vent th is iS mosrous inti itice. he j iilicial tri bunaals wouhld be resort dh t; but I have shaowni haow thaese Iiuthorities woubal, iinevitabily, lhe dlaeed ini conflict w ith the Cunven. iiin, and~ on3 the1 side of those who ihaou.ld despise itIs cuomman andat II lye thae Union01. 1 iow long:. wouhtl such a state of thinags be toleated by the Nor can it be doulbtedl that puilei opinIioni ini ourt sister S'ta tes wiould be uauhitntas a gaist us. Ouar fa icends thiere beinag, in a great measure, hielid respon~rsilhe for our aicts, woulid feel that we land, utselessly putt upot0 them alaian inrasonale respioniility anitda at it stood the ic n h landi, to lit foremaost to repraobaite an act, whmiel it wouhdlibe valui( t tteimplt to defenid whIaethaer as Counstittional or as irevo laitioanay--lor thec act would be no0 amore repu~gant to the Conistituntion aha it would be uinwo rthly of Ina sirit o f Irevol utionm. Th'Ie worst thin;a thait coutldl befall aus and our enuse r-U L T I U A L, (Frim tho Witinnsbioro' Daily Itvattr. Ltter from the Hon. T. A. Wocdwacd. 48[.R. - EDroITo:- RcigardingI the views expressed in the accompanvuig Ntter froi- liy friend, Mr. \ooi wird,ias;vorthy the .profourd eon eiderkon (0.4e especially) of the 146dhbers'' eect to thle Conivenitionl aJ e people generally. I deem it In, uty to request its publicatiul. 4 Very respecttriily, SAMUELA G. BARKIEY. Marchl 25th. WASntIN-TON, Mfiarchl 16. 1852. .MY D)-:.ui SII-- I h aveeien gh1 ,gratified at the receipt of ypr.letter, but regret that you are ng, more decided inl your repugnance tether idea of prohaibiting the election oefUniited States Senators and Re prOsentatives, anud thus detaching the State from the Legislative branch VE the Federal GoveInmet, while sh'&:Will still reminniii ill um with thir othlbr States, awl egnally with tl1?t, be subject to all the lans and reuliationis of the I lion. .oir, if the State were about to secede from the Union, a rtesdu tion, recalling youir Senators, and. IRLe. p'-esentatives,- though not leally < binding until after the act of Seces sionl wouldl meet .my approb ation. Thei-o would be an obvious prol riety t anid decoriun in the act, and it woulil rrelieve'the delegation of an Cubar 1 ilg sitlatioli. Tsut ti make stich t 1 picasare the thing in chie; anI not the mere Consequeclve . (f a more I diucisive purpose--to 1!y upon it'as the substance of remedy as -the protective emllrt of invokedl sur ereignity; wou-dld be stra:u;e, inidieed. - ffeet of tie :utas r.-, i: : wnM1 St 11g.gieA Wsand Va Firstlet us cunsiler it i;: a n stituti69nal point of view. 1 i< coAcedei1 that Couvention is sover eigtn accordin.g to the doctrinems If. South Ca rolina , ani i that there is I no authority capable (i righitully ; e66trolling its action. lit it must be reuenered , that a s->vreign cali Vl. complaet, place hiitasel* midh-r j!ligations and disabilities, of nhich ha caniot relieve hiinelf, except upon a1 violation oF the teris of the I e-nnlpact, and4 then onily by replidia. tin g the ciinpact itseff. All that cant e leraily done by a Stite, a Cont veiti)in may do, butt there nre ai vnst number of things which a State calinot lou So long as she elidliis :imenber of the Uiion. No Stae ca ll "C in money; emit bill oI Ceedit; make anytiniig but uoA a ( silver Curi a teider iM pay:leIt debts" &c. &C. Cionisult tile Co . stitution, and see how maiy diSali- i ties are imposed uponi a State, (f i t which it canuot exonerate itIf, I except by Secession. The tentth alnlt~lldmnent ti the Constitution readsz as billows: "The powers not delegated to th I United Status by the COnsCl itti ;1 )ior prohtibited by it to the States, arec Icrerv(ed to the Stte's respee tively, or' to) thc pieopIle." Buot tihe piowers exprlessively ile gated to thme United States, or' prolfibitedl to the States, are, of cour*se, not reserved either tio the1 States or to the people of the~ 3ates; aul1 what theK p~o ple iof a tate cannot doi, a c umveil->ni(i cannot <lo, for a. convention is not greater -than the people. Now the offices of' Senator and R~epresentative are created bay the CJonstitiution of the Unite]l States, and then right of a ingisature of a State to elect the one, andi that of the people to elect the~ other cou ferredl by the same constitution. Thle Couivention of a State nieitiwir c'reatedl these officet s. noar confevrred the right to elect them; antd what it did not give, it cannoct take awayv. .I'hie J.gislalture hldsh its right ti elect Senatoi s inldependenltly of the people andi of the Coenlti ml, anid L1he people hohl1 their rigiht to elect R. ipressutatives, indilpendenitty of the Coavenitioni an I i ofthe Legisla ,te. I If, hiowever, the Li'ila1tureP u'hould, of its own ai'iccird, declitne toi choose Senaiztors, oi if' the people sinal- tiall, of onte accordi, delinte to Uet IeprIitesenItat i yes, ('iere coubtl thn no11 ' ultere ay ri.lh[ if emni oiltiII I illterferceC.. liut tiln caSe th L 'gi-damtture, by~ repiealinI g the elec:ionjI ls. shoull aitenotj to woull bo tie doiig of some act. 1 which, inlst-ad of arousing the gener Ilos atnl itualy Sptinlthivs of out brethren inl other States, wouli h. lige all Suispected of*Aing . mpa tlized ia tis to repludiate ts, (r be rixpudliated themlselves by their ncigh bors. There are high consideiti.i.s (if putriotisi and silltesilat sL in, ob. viouls to thle tinids ofa01; why 1Our State should not yet atwhile Sicede from her Soutlherna sisters. Aid1 let Its prsulic such a c urse, as t01t 1toile will lie able to disptte that we weIre actuated by those Iigh coisidera tiuns. Let us not do just s > much, atul such sort of taigigs, a will Iiake it nalail -est to the world, that we ab stained fron d.ing itnre, only* be eause we were afraid. Let the Sta!r secede or unot secede; do what will touch the hearts (f ieni, oi nhat nili chllenge the app~roval of' state:!ien. No irresolite expel il.etilg nit il o. hitical quackenies. Anxious that the moveetivi inl the South should nut l.rove a fo itless one. I CIdeavored for a long tiimte t' hope, that circunstnuces mi:iht just i. fy the Cov.Ition ini to the other Stat s, anI aletiinct of tie Co)istitutiil, such as n as sut st ed by Mr. Ca'l hounl. Up< 1 il :lt pro jesition I know that Mr. C:dhtountt okit.ed to a protieted andl 1mple;C dislcussionl, itnvoh ing as it %mild all the relations bet wenN tile ]oth l and the South, comprehending every forImt(T it ngustice al danger fromii the Union, prcsent anl fit1ure, 1114l disilacig the insidimus I "lHce of our einIllies; wiicht is that of well t il d periodical assaults, wil iitervals, more or less extended of e.siljery. flattery, al'.1 pledges -of Iphatformtis, electionjubilees and intriagues with Soithern aainbitiont. .i::t the Con ventien is near lit h1aml, ial the l1 I am S:t that the propo:i Gotnt.I he i:.pportinc, aid worse than usetess. Our frienls are mut sufileietly strtig to institute a dis eUtpion 111011 it, wid it would fitl irn ever State overwhehniig im:j rit its ColuiltPittell, ataci in inany iistaiices, 'Oraized 0t l e. ii ttred agtainust it. I kiov that Mr. Calbvi m at to pra'ice more tiian u-nial caitin, both as to olptrtiuhity ltiawl -IS to the sm~'I.' fr m hi lcht the pr positi n shoul come ] eanot neve, int adat il ibiligs, not fareseen~ hJV hint tu aie to make afiirmatins, as to wh at his :dhict would be, hut I hale an fini 11 perIfectly iatisfacttory t' in:-sI It appars to me :bat tilm ColSe 1 tro ter ' the 'otvetii ta is I.l:i . i n re niiifrical i1;.j rity, Cmilot coiiis'eitly witi sounl Ii-y ( r the d,-ettinecs .)f the S tate, uuilotake to secede. The suywretcy or n"mr Cal iu jhrity was the th j-t (f abhr. enece amI dete.station nii-h %.Ir. Ca;l hoult. Jis great woI, the gre81.st of workz:. oiloemeti he of the enmity of tiis idea. aml the maintitaice of the prositin, that man__ setyt. is g:am-- ih-a is. thttI1tativemt(ent shaoul I lie "that if. thc ni ihle awd not of I artt."' To'. that adi~justmentat ofi hlowert beatween the low~ ma~:kitg thti g'evr-rmten lasm 1e gree onei of concurrnt mi.ij rt ies ,lhe ascribedc aaainily those s...ii lC preaii. jee ofic codensi ation m'dl eiilogy eve athe least contsierale ac-t tf le' te a ferryi I, Or itncaa-irte a reaintgl cl iad judge wvhat h..- wul.l thtitak of ain att emapt by) a maunaeiical miorViaty to sweepC froma existenie, at a. Sini htw wthole systemu of U2vernmem; ii ti trin ttI anew (order of thinaus, and to taike undtier it s cotro, a v as It n. compli at.ted social qujiestiont, ext endi in itmensely beyondt the liitso thec Staite, iad in rehition to wihich thtre Caret inl sister S'tates liftyn timeat 's miany people dlirectlyv atnd equalily interested , as there mte per sonls it Sou th Cain i a, in tfavor of iso laited sQession. Why let uts see v'Ihat priocess th~e State hals though lt at wvte Cto adipt t-) make lth J Snllest motdi fientioni of the State~ CJotnstiCittiln Two-thiirds of the legisla ture, alce uponl~ the rtiniplhe of cotncurr'ent ma-i ji ities, are requlied~ to vote tor tie cha~ngc. The qustion is thaen sub-i mtetothe people, andi a new I - ihurelete'tad ithii spetlal refernceti1 to tlh.e 'i uestion, and towttiirds of th IreW ij11~111 151)ls Vot(C Ic newLeisat nre bnust as oef the chalge. But I sl.ll ot dwel onl this; point. The Conentoio1n haiusit f1re it th very sin-ple task uf sett iig forth th truie reason why it ouglht nout to sc ccdv under the exislng State or in ion ait honlie, anld in the other. :South eri Slts. There will be io nce, of resurtiig t) lietit n. it Can do illorl thaln thsi:: Ji ei su!biot to the i-ce plo of the Southi the reasons i lu think tley lought to provide for thei sepa-at e.NiS.enece aul indepeciice The other S; htats will nevc r sveclu exceplt u11" their uIui clvieti.1is 0 what ik s .ii 1 iev. TIhe nil never 11ahii"t that Simdhi Co-olinla 1h the dliberative a:1l Legislative de p rI ent ' of thle sy h, 111ut 1 . all the other 6tates3 ;lie. Ecequl've.. XV\-1 d, not arrogatu this tv uirselves, all( let 1is Sp-a re o ai i to show t(1*.al we lll it. \e vily dy to othec dSates superb ity over our1eQlves. Blit t1.e (C...nventio n cal d.) stil mtore; it cati o wh:at greatly iieudh to be done; anl what none other eni tdo; it enn place the people Of th1C State ihere the Leg islature found them inl Noveniiber 1.6R0. Froni th tiine the Cuoiven0tion was first called, conzsilerjing the circulinstaices and terins of the call, it was uiaifest that without seine iew aggression, thi State wontil be izolated, 1il t!e SYuthenli iylt.ght party, yet ii its il. Iancy in the other Sta, would be repressed aiol suilfcated. But .te idea suool suggested itself that the Cvelitioli iigh t be useful inl restur ing biariiiovy to the Souith. In1 my iist puliie cummiumica won, I indica ted this as the 1.roler ofliec (f the Convention. 1lad thu last Legisia. ture refuse.l t fix a, tyer te Conveniti.:n1 to 11 - 144e. ieM41" Alt iveecaou felt for the re 0-Jigtuz--dl !iovereignl authority; to theL lgal ii iniss ot tie lust eQnilieit 11.n1 of the State, living and dual. Sucl a culrse woul I have Lid the fou:datii fr stife a -l conten (ion and the reign of faction for the next tcn y(eariS. AtiA inl this coltest, h l iat u old have ben the lrei:iaent < f tha se who, ha\ ing ad viled or aclqjuiICeC1 inl the caill e the C-ven'aai. shAul-M have turned a. bout ho di h.a r aiid strulan e itf 'hiere is ., i dai.r U: thle -(Th iventioni dting anl asurd act, iih suc. r~si'. iiltic Sresling ui on it. T a hiuse I:- any3 , d:zier. Whenc~ hi 1 iy, !1 , b th i ; ai.s 5 Mnsl it :er I %%I! w as de 1. Thi*s:- was.- thle true, the O .: I liable tcat. The 1pr, po w:i t ion of futurc speculative scesson a it liy to roduce a delu.dn . .1 oil the dav as lon.g a yo dhit woubAHll~ ha O to e,, inat : ; :1 uat It it ouh. I tic , Lithe t L e i it l tyhIN h, -il.aL W iate ted.t it, in Iay t\Il, couild not reas. ina ly IL.\e exetedl, altet al ding IhrLcSs tfat hi .a e lve a~thas, to bae iin favor a-f it in \la 18~2. Ini I.y a1 11i1n, theL CUnvetion was c cal uni l-itr a .-;i~ reheaa:ai c nany concerned..., that thev deasirea It tuns leared that except neac did s daig e:n id..un. T~,Jhe auth-s el sibaiiity. Bint the~ Ifi'ha;re hauvini istiuteI it act1ion with thae c'anfiei expeatidt.I ini fte IniII cato inian' that Co-oape:ai-nut he -li ICsecured~ thec St ate ii i noII~t suller i dis gr ace ir decliing1 to 'aeee. le nthout co-operc taa ha. c ginslt al h 1ie Sf an ii.a; lit raja tabraa I1. a W tist '.fee wllithC theaaatrttI .asd iehti iht ilinac d t o :e li ne of eisNc-I e ; an ita ri :t lhigal <laf t , tti ac ina athousjandiI ihntesinre ith the oathei. its th:tI an i it Irouithi Carollia uiTtreiol no diace tair Sotht~ Car tlen S~idclaining1 dt tosun the ex Si I u'eis thtat in~ a legial sense the' int L! 111i i t3 111,1~i ill point of fact, thle VILS Itlliol 1,1111 1 1.4 fdestiny are wc'r~ I troitjiout tilie ,u wth , titd thoso whoi4 ,will 1 1)''k at the: mlat tel, it thl ~ngI -thCe '1 of tlet. stteS '13113), II ill easily *TeeceivCe l' renjt t~su'.5 ml Ut im Si133 11 ;Uttc. s11,11141 Illot. . p tiiSQ t13 Sb33m3ViieILe mid jt t lit 1 iltg1 ti ttcaliidita to4 (l -t' tile w~islics, of' t)Il!-'C fl.33teet nii.tcr Sa.e, *oI lN-11 as thici c cxi. :I;1(..133) 0l'2 1 cv a1 .11 il131,lick! *,1 ideai (.1 de [I 1, 1 iz I t3hciti& I yes. I (34)13 kS i) ly ml iii iI~Itic il lit A% 13i3t 13315 ta1kel place, t'mut tile ,Statu isil lio tat (it'-er. 1iflosin-- caste, excen;t idIC first !u'se her s~'t~jcssssiti:11.41 SL-.lltru1. 1 lasty atid abrupt a eti~l 'i .; tlaltu in t") re pill,Iics. It is Old, iricildt. t of* high 11i3Uati.)lt audi exiibera~nc c f ', viti t sliou41l Ibe ,Ilal it) believe , that, if*, iiile tile 33111 it 1eptblies, AveLv great iLicilitvc rlii-g in to errr, atlike Lcxui lL I3IiV hae1 coni) etisa loRy l'dciiii ll coiii l. 3 igaill. W3"311~ ithi Ahis cornl cisaltill re .uL1ics would be se.ctirc; V i'b013t it I li. wouli~d nut 'lescirvC to 'u,". I have ill) direct inter. s ill tlic nia3! tci to i hich ou vent :1r ret'iirp, ns I shall rnut beC a canili-latc for re cel't34Jl. MyI (Ally~ic('I.11 is th~at 4.f1 a private ci izol, N~ielse frti:W.es 3I3 ittl Vu t.C- inl t14.;S i)L Ct3 . t Very triuly .% oul. f teld, 1ii lilt! Som133 hin lPr2-4. Dti(Le.L( BC5l W1- Fzti111,c :llei. I Itit'.t of lRl'j3c'3titti vI; li3s, bt.cia engaired 11r tile htL;t three datys t-h 1 uiine txt. 11atnounted to IfifyiWt-I Iv riiilliois (W dlIai1*. An this hats I e;v~Ien * ear ol"-' iciiti ad hu1t1~ .u~r WtS(11.0 l!tit, Ilhl"! im-~t p'3tU4.'tik3 Olt ever itict. .1111 til l it. 1." 33c 33 V aI' 3 ved 1,' a1 pa: il;i 'les tha~t eveil 0V'13 trod, it W'l I *o 14 1 . t' lPCt li oo (cu i ti It I el 'I1 Cit- i kv i n. Wrir Iit till! tii I ilgf It. 3d43i33:14. litol v~gi,su- the skI 31 t3'i~11 'i& - t at, %\ c ( lit-c l. li . 13,1 .1o. i mpy i !!) lP. ?Q-atir 43. d is i (Wcr 01, th"i.- 13331 til ill 1.43't 3ll. C Lv~it: MOZr. P.1 i 3..V..! % 'i. ic , ii. ati t Ahkv O'ie r agni ( - 4 1 .,' I t'! n1ul - I tuch :'1A 33I VVO M - I ~ .~ picyi d.1 1vuiig the 33 ;uv~ (.I* 3d-.1 .33 h t ivaryte 11 i~i. i i!..~333 en i.4iV 33 ui ll (l4l3 are to~d ii 1't abi !L lk;il 1333334 l -d 3111411't., il(l- I 4 '4 V-4433 ( Nv_- C (zi ti ntVit. d( Ii. i~ilCl1I~ I(~ l i tl ( Le Ca.413 klc.hI: iC ". i i l i 3 i. 31 (331 ( 3 I4111 be done". mhi:It is the usoc t LtW.-s. What. kq the, Ilse of* 'o~,execjit ~ .k~ h clb-11o di&us te CI ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ( t UI0 jt 0 \ reai ith trv att oIC e'1j :111 nO w cnti alldl)a tim II util e dfo;%1il-t oddeiillia of90 E'uropg ti tn th! iifairs NV( .l.r..I bl 4:4l~lid(l t iIi-Wi iiI h Ivi ul ''i Vili'r he i ~ I t, ti-11414, fit l& t ~-Nil ohj So!]VOe-, ad liy iiext year we Aihali tilk'e doo ~tatt, und the (X1Vl i i)thi u1:1, 1or 1%hich we have .1 gi owing '-yin p1.ttliv, lrisilug1010 Foll I, tti IT elilli. dulln. whiv)h Jm"-Asbily gitll Cromil that Illaiilit :1 toilll (if, jhlilallt all~p O114verl ti:-)11l~e rec' t i'niankid t41w Prve;i lielit is n:!.' lt,'t Wiitl ~qIJ~le t l~eI tellipt kd law. NO.- it ji ''10 6t.11 IioA t ell -.1 a. tble, 1kull-- I&411h ~I' til l Iiie th' -,:e pro. thve Cis a liostilu po11t14.dl I)Iirl! bill 1 1ouvs W Cun( or',s. hldceeU wel ha~ve. 4AZ.% ib e' 1 t. 1(1111 1 hJc C01lalo Lillilie el :!itiuin. down toL that of* the (enstis Pli 1111 L-, that ' i-lltevr filly sttipcld ms thi-ud, (W Itiuso is tt be peretrttd .st'li als wouhdin .il any, part) i';:4I11uig the sole ri.pon-,4liitv, it is Tjrthwita Illitlel talk-il by~ a1 vo4iibiiitio1 ol' built nIwiac*l, a.1tiiityuc p(t~iktis mid Linionimi"l* re 11111C as %v. woult~d ex i)C(t 1.4t)111 IL hbad tut, irwlotEr' h-iged WiS11,1t. Ut* l~l-balialt'4. \ . t~ f .11V dk tie ::11,1 tUfleredl we will quoto fUioui, v. Iielil tsp ir tt thi iee ur"u11 dl p of* 111 upo.jltliIioa paly' hut w.hli-Il tilitbrt tilaitely (tltlilOt get th We.u I'riltill" witilitit the aid of adminit-at 11011 vto'..s But tiur 1il1"t atid bit tfu r h4h ~.parties.Iu0r. the _Ia1%Q, of' the 41;611S, hAlaS9 v1.Vecteed alli oppositionl \Y by, Mthli c eii Jc al-,'akon -iivly too.k the respollsiibility of ' hningg the plact; of' deposit of* thle p ,il) , ie Funds fi10111 ouSC banlk to (A0;'3 lt-i le copposi it1' l Nowm, lot .k (ILthe rkin tIClCeiS of' tile jji ;:r of'Civaivirn1 J &tesoii's ('x-pivate 1 *V.!ary wviei Illollas are lakeit li% aL Whbig Ii id m itt of thle trecaury, lifw' 011 lv Nvitiattt autt aority of' law) bat ill dirtea viulat itll of' it: "I l i tdlC If Fueli a fltca ItrC lrilkms the irnprtcsinn that there mu1.st hiaxv bseen -,ote ver-y materitlt orrur or mi.;take either ill thle ENelitive esti maites or lhe Congressionatl appropria tions at thle li&:t Conressl, of- that there last-.'111C ext.1'31m11i (lllY IoosuaesiC5 ill hV U(ctlitionl (A* thI( laws by d(lsti'il - JrhI', Nrt: are noC tt mi;tlukili it thetc ternporI of tile people, they- ill hav~e their atteltim1iti~e by ft pooi tiii to add three miuliitsm to the lfvmilin apl ropruitcd filr tile Cur rlent year. anid it very satisfactory 4 Shpllatiull will be reqitireti From the .xe~lItive, wh lo 1w Calls fin. so large ,li wl. lit:..iomifl otint (it noiiev, find C-4-in lt#, e i2ib-ct of' Cotngre'ss who1 011 d tO 111:01Cci11. ie are! tronglyv toe th*. C)le (1)1111441 tiImt, dcficienc'v billk aire becomne rather too Ifuch .. 1. " .I ,1 1A . I -_ - _ 1.) _i I to ' .ch . - .- !.-Ie t e a w of Co . ress a fand owl dieretioni. I zil getltd be able to give such rdns; b Ii less iheam, we are unable to aik What justitiable Principle Congr 60 .anetion .nh. an as option - )Ur position ma11y" be, firinie CL j ui1(ler.tode 'tak-i ad % 1hM. millin:of A dI)aris huh a(W I:atevr'b depa~urtifiet;' It his s is s mate or the years oi(grea&q eGl thisamoull tha6 lirgo aidfUr~jY tVpriate thlle niiin thbt IExtceittive goe onfade d l tinho , we a thirt ij iji 'volation of- law; und if tif eiuti e aks the nekt. Coirk, s:l:Ction the exei v& elpknditif should be donie oriv ,ipd' id: ConClusive :rasdnzi.Vyt Cariff-i" appro rinte a 9peefie'snnitd fi - a c ific b. anheli of thulk the Execntive -i t - tisceeniliung tIini liruitAfxi.ed by , " grA.4: T',0 o' isjto iitd thRi - law; and no violAtion-of la' ' by k'tAw!! Execiuive ought'f.o be eAuetioned" except,under the pressuro 'of -bbltit 1.1NVy I ha.,t we jhaintin,"theW fore, is that- the p'esent te'fielb'T bill presents a ca14e in -hii tile 4 . ceutive .should be heldt 'a co(.untabilitv. Vhy hasNo bec'n expended than vaq Ap-o .I by Congress?- Why were. not the pendittires made -ac'ording : i scale indicated by the Congrsi6 appropriations ? What wasthe: e trullinig necessity to justifv thd. Ceeutive in setting his discretin a13t,' the law? Ilow has the n .iiy d'b expended ? These are quesioia'li necessarily arise in the case, and un less they are r-athidlitol)y rubfi and answered, a most dangeroi usyte*eent will be set; -tle result of whieh *111-Wl. that the Executive estiiatoaf and nd, the Cngiressijnal apprtpriations will heeome the law -M! thejand e deem it prorer to repeat thit wd dit6% make thee remarks fotthn . intiniating !aty opinion as priety of thw deficienoyb the expe ditNries-tecordinvi the propriations by! Congress, iay :se nec&essity of looking 'claslyito t 1 Inigerbus innovation upon the prbog praetice -of the governmentl If the Executive can!liavoe deficiene'billy patssed whienIIevr lie - choose!3 thus to have excess of expenditure sanctioned, the responsibility shouldrestidlstin6tly and singly upon those who rtike thb estimate, and not upon those4ho-ip propriate according tP the -estimates. in other words, upon this newdoqtrlit the business of making appropriMfoK% by Congress will become a merefow !;.A Iual proee'ding, having no respond bilit aittace'd to it. 'This, surelyf-is' notin accordance with the true-piithr Ltir in.titutions, and it is an'innovatidh which should be promptly mbt the most rigid investigation intothe niece.ssity tor the present deficiency bill. We do not believe thit the public mind will be satisfied thaVt this g veranienti. is economically adminis tered with an annual expenditure-of over fifty millioti of dollars, until' the subject shall be thoroughly: sifted;'ad -4 Ihere can be no better' time 4t'begn this investigation than is presented upon this Executive applicatihfbihr the passag~e of the deficieney bill before l'ongress." Now, did anybody ever see such a colloomion of detfence, psdli atcp and exeu.?ed Why wuhen (ren aI.. son remoived the depositea, ora rt1er ~ Lehaniged the place- of making t ryi~ in toture,.he did not rely on, excues anid palliations and cypedieneea ~e rolied on what, he considlered i ilh nt can violate the law and. rely, pt reason~s and agumnents ho is thieleg ila tive as w ell as th4 fxecutiyo power. Why sup~pose the apprppria t~ins were inadequate, As0. Is niot rcgeibl ie. The. excuse given in this ensbi in our opinion aggravates the offence. TJhe l're'sident locates the different dlivisions5 of the earmy~ wvher'e he pleasps, and then it'*the la w does 'not prodido, for that arranigement, he 'Pwi.4 And he p'lead3s his reason for violating" the law his desire to supply th-o so'ldiers- where he placed them.c Ho' en lists the fe'elinga of the'i armyI on. hii side in violition of'the law. Why thlis is Lois Napoleoit's policy . Andi if this is toleruted, how Iohg Will I~o betbre we shall haive a congde s' dU Ia not Congr'es comnpetent.:o ,~ ' rmine how much -the jp1flih1l -- he' t axedl f or the dt fence -of ouir 'oitker an.i1 of the Mexicans? -And ?%ett 'Ce'ven or' eight iitionis aareotdd the army, cian the. Prside'6oteth Al' four iilidi s' mb~rei .oftgre r refus'es t o ratify -it 1nd~ :proeedep imi-peach the Presdet,what~.~ trlas feor--him to'appei 'o'h ' LdrL'and :uiv ith t! e ,:irrnt