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m VOLUME 11. CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, JULY 5, 1850. N UMBER 53, ' THE CAMDEN JOURNAL. PUBLISHED BY TIIO. J. WARREN & C. A. PRICE, editors am) proprietors. THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL Is published at Three Dollars and Fifty Cents, if paid in j advance, or Four Dollars if payment is delayed for three j months. THE WEEKLY JOURNAL Is published at Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, if paid in ndvance, or Three Dollars if payment is delayed for three months. j a ,v>in.nn nmeiivinir five responsible subscribers shall j be entit?ed to the sixth ropy (of the edition subscribed for) ! yratis for one year. ADVERTISEMENTS will Ix- inserted at tlie following rates: For one square (1-1 lines or less) in the semi-weekly, \ %ne debar for the first, and twenty-five cents for each tpiihseqneiit insertion. In the weekly. sexentv-five rents per square for the first, =001! thirty-seven and a half rents for each subsequent insertion Single insertions one dollar per square. The nurnoer of insertions desired, and the edition to 'be published in. must be noted on the margin of all advertisements. or tbev will be inserted semi-weekly until ordered to he discontinued, ami charged accordingly. Semi-monthly, monthly and quarterly advertisements | charged the satne as for a single insertion. Liberal discounts allowed to those who advertise for I three, six, or twelve months. ftyAM communications by mail must be post-paid to | secure attention. 1 III Ml Ull IM HIIWHI II I M " cPEEGH OF HOW. JOHN WcQUEEW, OK SOUTII CAROLINA, In tfie House of Representatives, Saturday, June 8, 1850. The House being in Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, and resuming the consideration of the California question, the President's Message in relation to that subject being before the Committee? Mr. McQUKKN said: Mr. Chairman: I think it more than likely that nothing I may submit will change the j views ol members of this body, or stay the ng- | 1 gression which, for some time, I have too plain- j 1 ly seen rapidly advancing from the northern i 1 poition of this Confederacy upon thit part of it j from whence I come; yet I feel it my duly to ; 1 employ one hour, the first I have attempted to -consume in this House, or in hiiv other legisin- j live in portraying some of the most protn- | 1 inenl facts and indications which threaten not only the ruin and degradation of the South, hut. 1 .in my judgment, the downfall at no very distant 1 -day of this once happy Confederacy.. That we 1 have arrived at a period, when it becomes ev. 1 cry honest man to reflect, and gravely reflect, ' upon the true condition of the country, none ran doubt ; and to view that condition properly, the variouscau<es which have produced it should he .most carefully examined. i It is useless to disguise the fact, that a system of aggression, regular and unahaiing, i? going { Mil against the South wHeh if persisted in by < the North, and submitted to h\ the South, must ? ? .. - I l_.; .. .e*wl in iinlliiug l"ss man our oner uogiituuuon. | Sir. 1 do not k| cak with nt a meaning. when I { nay our litter degradation and ruin ; nor ran anv j : artifice however iagptini*. or unv d??viro how \ .ever cunningly shaped, so cover up the truth I as to hide it from the most ordinary rapacity. What, then, is the great and moving cnu?e , which lias brought us to this unhappy and dan- ' gerom condition'/ In mv jtif!?j??rn?*nt it pro i reeds Iruni more causes than one. |i proceeds j from a misconception or niNeon-t ruction of the i true principles upon which thi< Contederacy wa- > entered into by our ancestors, aud a sickly, fa ' natirnl sentiment, enteiti.ined now ion genera) j ]y hy the inhabitants of what they please to call i the free States, in relation to an institution of which they really know lint liitle, and with which they have no more right to interfere, than they have to dictate to the inhabitants of the southern State?, in what churches and*at what .altars they shall wnr-hm thill (and who gave thein being. Sir. if this Government were a union of undefined powers, concentialed in one ?..n>n,Aii h?n>i li??re the tiohts which the Miirlli now claim in relation to slavery might, with some degree of plausibility, be asserted. And tainted ns they are by an education founded in falsehood, slander, and misrepresentation, there would be some upolony for the claim. I'm, fortunately for us, the Government never was constituted, or intended to lie, one grand eon. nolidated engine of powers, that might to day be wielded by an unrestrained majority to the de?liuction of any one section o t the Confederacy, while to-morrow, that section getting the ascen.dency might, in turn, convert it into an engine of revenge liil destruction, uijtil its devastating .power* should annihilate the whole. No, sir; ,no. The .framers of our Constitution were too isacjently j.f.lieved from a struggle in which the question ,(fi equal rights and just powers were deeply involved, to allow jJjem to have forgotten |llie rights <>f the several colonies, uho in one .oonooon .cause had waged a war of seven years against oppression*. Each colony was too jeal. otis of its own sovereignty ever to have merged it in one common sovereignty, which. I>y n hare plurality of numbers, might he perverted to nny purpose that fanaticism and madness might suggust. When the framers of the Constitution cam*! together to adopt a plan of government Ibr their .mininou defence, it did not enter into the npiui .of any one that fltey WffP other than delegates /ioin thirteen independent sovereignties?independent of each other and independent ot the world. It never entered theii lirain that they were authorized to transfer that high and exclusive inverrie.nl)' inherent in the jteojilc of each .Stale, m any poji'rr np earth, to be wielded by tiiei majority against opt-half ul the .States, jrvrii i. their destruction. Nor would those .who >e 11 hem even have recognised their acts, had lb- r attempted t& ilo so. V\'e we the pry[ drill jealousy manifested in the express resarvaItion of all powers not eiyrcsshj granted to I ho general agency. Who for a moment can suppose that Rhode Island would ever have consented to commit her fato to the hands of New York and Massachusetts, unon tho rponstrous prinriple that lior internal affairs wore t<> he regulated l?v an unrestrained majority? She did refuse for two years to give her sanction, as it was; and I venture the assertion that no three States in the Union ever would have ratified the Constitution, had the northern sentiment of the present (lav even been suspected, ny which the right of legislation is here claimed from the establishment of a flower garden to the degradation and destruction of one-half the States, [lad those who formed the Constitution returned to those who sent then), and said, We have entered into a compact hy which for your general we I ft re and happiness we have mingled your sovereignty with that of the other States, to he regulated by the opinion of a majority of all the people ofthe Slates, unrestrnin. ed by any other check than their opinion and will,?they would have been burned in effigy sooner than received to the bosom of their people. Their names would have been consigned to the scorn and indignation of all. rather than perpetuated in history a* a hand ol sages who liiul erected a beacon to guide tlie civilized world in the way of freedom and the highest enjovinent of human happiness. Hut, sir, it would he a libel upon their wi?dntn, their sa racily, and patriotism, to give such construction to acts. They never contemplated the present state of things under Ihcir Constitution. They never supposed that a sickly fanaticism would profess to move under its letter or spirit, ....ill nnit dovnhiiinn shall oervade ilif land. It is well known that it is to the North we are rnninly indebted for that unlimited construe* tinn of the Constitution of which I have spoken. She, from her very nature and climate, is de. nied the production ofmany of the staples nece*?ary for the food end the raiment of the human family, and consequently must live upon the products of other places; her inhabitants must live by their genius and wits, rather than the first service allotted to man by his Creator. This necessity early established in their judge inent the ri?rht to tax the agriculture of the South with tribute to their mechanic pursuits; and, as a matter of course, construe the compart ot Government to answer that purpose. This principle established. iIip door has been thrown open to any other heresy that may have its lime until, under the broad a?gis of a genrial welfare constitution, nothing that a majority, however tnad, may design, will not be ac romjtlUhofl* n.K I have not time to dwell longer on this branch of mv niibject, an I will come now to what I consider 'he immediate cause of the so. rious diflieidtieij in which we lirtd ourselves. \nd no one need he told it is l!??* actual war. (though not yet of the sword.) ca'rried on by one hulfol the States of this Confederacy against the other, emanating from a sickly fa iiatieisrn among those who. if it were an evil, dioiild be most lenient toward those who have amongst thorn Af'ican slavAv. They claim I hut they are too holy and pure to allow slavery to o\i<i within this ('oii'edcrari?that they themselves, though oijee eontambialetl with it. have from the motives of philanthropy tind be. nevalence, long since abo.'ished it ; leil not eon tctil with tlieir own holiness and sanctity, have a duty devolving on them of wiping it of}'the I.ILT III I XI I ^ ? ? I I I III! Id, <1* a IllllJi H'W IfMM.IIMItI?!? I>r ?In*ir toleration. And yet, who doe* not know :lint it wh* northern capital ami northern seamen mainly who brought from Africa ihe thousands whose posterity ate the objects of so mm-li strife? Nor is il true, that they abolished slavery, as they pretend "hey did, within their own limits. In this whole matter I hey have the graee to claim that which the truth of history denies tliein. The South, as is well known, was greatly opposed the shipment of Africans within their borders, but the northern philanthropy of that day forced it upon litem for their general " welfare and happiness;" and now, when they haverivilizcd and christianized them, the si?ut<* North, in its next generation, arrogates to itself to tell us that il is a black stain upon our country, and they will take such a course as we had better prepare lor? ihey will give ii.v twenty five years to see me black pall of shivery banished Ironi this continent. Sir, I have said that the North profess a virtue in the abolition of o( slavery which the truth of history drni"s them. They never did diminish, to any considerable extent, the number of slaves in this confederacy. They [Kissed acts, it is title, fn their several States, when tlay found that neither their soil or climate rendered them longer profitable, but they were pro<[>eetive in their; operation, ant] before they took rfl'-et, they took good care to sell in the South the most saleable of their negroes antl pocket the money, I'hey turned loose upon 'ho world those who were old and unfit Ibrsale, a philanthropic and holy act, by which lliey had purified their souls and washed from amongst llieoi tit- lilack stain of slavery; whilst, in (act and in tiutli, they simply transferred them to a more genial clirpe, but took good care to trans, fer themselves, by the operation, to that class which they rail the upper ten thousand, whilst their children to this day are basking in the af". Ilnence thus commenced and secured. Audit does seem to me unfortunate that gentlemen, at this day, who professes to believe the llible, and claim so much purity in themselves, should l<?rget that part of the Decalogue which tells us In,i fJmlic > i?!ihiu? Hod. visitintr the iniooi " " J" r, I t't'Kof the lilt hern upon the children unto the third uucJ fourth generation, and that they should not reflect how damning a sin they tiro proclaiming against their ancestors, and content themselves with prayer (or its forgiveness, and let us alone. We feel at least as capable to pursue the path of duty to ourselves, our country, and our God, as thpy do, if it be a sin, which ( earnestly deny, it is now our sin. We are content to answer for it, and it is arrogance, rank and insulting, to presume to dictate to us, under an itisidunus, hypocritical, or fanatical sentiment, against tin? Bible. from tlie earliest j history of the world to the present moment, and against our peace and unquestionable rights in this Confederacy, which I trust in God, every true hearted southerner will defend against forth. er aggression, as they would their hearthstones and their lives. But to return from my digres; siou : I have said that the northern States nev er have, to any considerable extent, diminished the number of slaves in this Confederacy, and will refer to one or two instances of the modus operandi of their emancipation to show I. i inn ian In 1790, according to (ho census. there wore ! in \ew York, 21,324 slaves and 4.654 free col. i ori'd persons ; between 1790 and 1800, I pre snme it will not be contended there was any ; emancipation in that Slate, and it is fair to suppose the number of free colored could not have i increased by the manumission of slaves to any extent of consequence. In those ten years the free colored increased to 10,374. making about i 1,000 over double, whilst by the census of 1800 there were still in the Slate 20.343 slaves: and had they increased by procreation in the same ratio with the free colored, there should have been about 45.000. And should :t he said that manumission of slaves increased the number of free colored, still 19,000 must have been sold to the South, or the parents of those who would have raised that number, supposing the free colored not to have increased at all ; but I pre. snme few if any were at that day set free, and it la 1'iir f/% ix/infinito iKo rn!/?iilnf inn itnnn flu* !mvi< ] of the increase of free colored during that peri! od. By the census of 1810 there were 25,333 '< free colored, making un increase of about the j same ratio, and I lie number of rI:iv?;s was 13,. 017?showing a diminution of only a few over I 5,000 in those ten yeais, whilst again their inI crease would have swelled the ninnher to about J 43.000, of whom about *28,000 oust have found j a southern market. Not ?n it be said that ! during (his interval, any were set free by legis| lative enactment, because an act which had been passed in 1801 only declared that children born after July 1799 should tie free, but that i thev should continue in the service oftheir owni ers until they arrived at the age of twenty-eight ! years; and they could not until July, 1827. have | been classed in the census as free. Bui by the J same act of 1801, a door was l?-ft open by which | the operation ! am cioseriiiinjr nu<jni na carrieo ! on Itv law ; as owner* won* allowed, under eer l tain rejriilatioiiM. to carry their slaves beyond the limits of the Stale, and no law was passed until 1827 abnlishinrr slavery within that State. In 1 820 the free eolored were 29.279, allowing ' an inerease mi ten years of nnl\ M 910, when the number of slaves was 10.089, being redn ced within the ten \ear? -1 929. Now suppos. ; ieg the free colored had not increased at all, | nor ihe slaves either, and that every one of the j 8.!) 10 inrease of five colored had been caused! j Ity the liberation of slaves, ?tiil there were about , one thousand slaves disposed of in some othei : way. Ibtt taking my original data, there should : have been at this lime about fifty thousand free colored and 119,1)0 s'aves, and about 2o 099 o! the latter most a<raiu Ii ive found a more snulhi em elim". During Unit period Ion, there was an no aeconiitabe fit'liiiu ollul'llie inerease of free : colored, vvhii-l? may li.? nerntiuted for, perhaps. I?y I lit* .supposition I !i:t( in tin >?? transition t i ! i many >1 them inijshl have t :i\<>JF with those \vln?, under tin* law, liaii a ri?jht to carry | ili?ir slaves mil of ilie .Stale ; and this may, to j this day, furnish a reason why ?rentlemcn oflhe I North are so very eanlimis it) providing laws I against kidnapping : lor I have never heen i aware thai Iree negroes were ever carried sonlh ! hy southern ships or southern traders. By lol ! lowinir the eaieidation llirou rli the census of 1830, equally clear results wi'l In* found. I have not lime to (race ihis process through ihe New Knglund Stales, lint I believe tfiesauie system of boasted emancipation took place in every one of them, I shall but refer to the Stale of Rhode Island, one of the earliest cradles of African slavery in this Confederacy. In 17(10, she had by the cciimi- 3,-16!) free colored, and Oo'-J slaves?she was then deep in her trans, it ion state. In 1800 she had 0.00-1 free colored, and 081 slaves: supposing Iter free colored had not increased at nil, yet there are 165 unaccounted lor, who n ay have fallen into the hands of kidnappers : Init there are also unaccounted for 571 of the slaves, who could not have j been liberated and added to the list of free colI tired, for that had diminished; and 1 leave it to j the holy philanthropists and abolitionists of the j North to tract; I ho destinies of that unfortunate ! band of brothers, together with the increase of ; in .ih classes ibr the !ft years. Their posterity | i may, perhaps, see where they Ibimd a market from the liua, that after the slave trade was i limited to H(H. the ports of Charleston, South ! Carolina, being opened for the importation of Africans in the year ISO 4, and remained four I years. By the census of Chat !e-lon, during ' that time there were two huntlrv.tl mi:l tiro vesI sols entered the port of Charleston with Afiican I slaves ; and from thu custom-imase books, and j liom under tin; hand ofthe col ecforat (hat lime ' of C'lmrleston, he gives authentic information, that of the?e two hundred and two vessels which | we ye engaged in that trade and entered the port | of Charleston, 10H of their cargoes were owned by foreign countries, (many of them in Creal Britain,) 14 in .southern Slates, and 70 in nor j merit tree estates. The tnilli is, tli? free. Stains, as I have said, never did liberate their.slaves $ tliey sold them ' to the South, and built much of their tnanufac. turiuoandcoinmerei.il interest u|iou iho money; and by a system of aggression as unwarranted as tlm present, they have, taxed jhoir labor and plundered their owners ever since, through the instrumentality of this (Jovornment, to add to their own aggrandizement. 1 venture the assertion, thai no such instances oft* malleination have ever been known in the North as Imvp taken place in the Soiih. Il is well known to all gentlemen in the South, that one man in Lousiana liberated twelve hundred slaves, whilst the whole State of 15 node Island in 1800 had not a great many more than twice that nutnbpr. 1 also deny that those ? ho have been turned loose on the charities of the North are, or ever will be, in as comfortable a condition as those who are slaves with us.? They are in a cold and ruthless climate, amongst a white race as distinguished for cupidity and sharpness as any thai ever inhabited a spot ot this Globe. Inferior in intellect and genius to the whites?destitute cf friends who are in affluence and power to employ and assist them ; owning little or no land?unable to compete with Yankee ingenuity?indisposed at best to labor honestly?incapable of social equality? without food and elotliing, or even fuel to warm their wretched bodier during the piercing blasts of winter?they naturally betake themselves to every species of horrible and loathsome vice known in the world ; and in proof of this I need but cite to the places of public resort, where they are allowed to congregate about the cities. You cannot hide from their squalid wretchedness; nor need the philanthropist go in search ol more victims of misery on earth, tor the exercise ot tns nenevotence, man ne may find in the cities?in the streets?in the cellars?in the alms-houses?in the suburbs? i in the prisons and in the penitentiaries of the i free Stales. And even those yon find in bent < employment amongst them are generally ear- | rying out the truth of the Scriptures, that "ser- < vants shall they be." No preamble or misrep i resented clause of the Declarat ion of Indepen- < doHee, or the grossly perverted pas-ages of ' Scripture, will ever change this last condition i until God has changed his nature, or his prom- i ises are violated. j Nor would I stop here, sir. I would carry ; the war into Africa if I had time to do so, and i make the comparison, without fear of success- i ful contradiction, between the condition of a very large portion of the white population of the ( Noith and the slaves of the South; in which ( much thai I have said in relation to the free ne- , groes of the North would he equally applicable j to the lower order of the whites, with this dis- , tingtiished difference, that forgeries and conn. ] lerfeits, swindling and other artifices, requiring j a higher order of intellect, are mainly confined , to the whites. In proof of this, I need not only refer le the records ofyour courts, your mobs, , your State prisons, your penitentiaries, your ] stoo! pigeon associations, your under ground raidroad#, and every species of horrible device. , I have recently seen an account of five bundretl true bills, | think, in one week, (I am sure ( in one Court,) in the pious city of Huston, for , every species of ci iine, There have been expended in the county of Philadelphia, occur* , ilimi In ! tin li! isfn'il si :i I # ine ii I 1 h.ive rditined i ""*!* ' ; from a paper, since ll?** year 1*42, upwards ol I S 142.000 l<>r I lu* suppression of molts ; whilst, i upon lite other hand, I sen it repeatedly slated j that there are eighteen thousand human heings | living under ground and in rel ars, packed to- ( geiher in rags and horrible wretchedness, in the great city of New York. I saw myselfthree years ago, there, scenes such as my eyes had never beheld, and such, I trust, as I may be <it!iriwl ciotiiur no:iin?amoni/st ilo?tn a few that f"m** ** "n - ? I I never shall forget?two of them I will mention: | The one was a blind man, led amid the throng ( on the great and crowded IIroadway, by a string I ( attached to a dog (who seemed to have been J his degesi sympathizer.) He held in his hand a i ( plate, as he passed, that had nothing jn it as { bright as silver, when I stopped to add a trifle, j The other was a woman, seated on the steps | ( of the notorious A?tor Mouse, with a shriveled j , and writhing infant on Iter knee, and whilst 1 was in the act of giving her a pittance, I was , accosted by a citizen, who said she was doubt- ^ less an imposter, w'?<> had boriowed the clii'd | and bandaged it with bands to impose upon j ( In vain shall it !??? said such scones and circumstances are confined to tin* cities. They are not In lie found, eillier amongst the wltiles or ilie lilaek*, in tlio country or cities of the South, (in to the farms and cities oft he South, and see the African, fed, clothed, and j floppy, and let your fit I So clamor stand relinked j forever. Nay, more; whether these things lie I in tlit* cities of the North or elsewhere, they are I gathered to the polls when it comes to voting, j and swell the abolition fume, which comes here ; to denounce and insult us, in relation to an institution that, could they change and lie elevated | to its scale of happiness and contentment, they , would be more improved in their condition than , the philanthropy of I he North will accomplish | for them whilst they iciii tin on this earth. j It is from fhis very city <71 New \ork there I cullies so strong a tide of abolition, as furnish- i es si distinguished member in the other end of I the Capitol, who stands up in the presence of Senators, the people ami in the face of Heaven, I and calls upon his <>od to witness his oath to ; support the Constitution under which lie takes i his seat, and yet declares, in his place, that so great is his philanthropy, hi* will yield in his * ? " nl In.rlif If lllltv W'll.WI 1 ciMinuiviicc iw ?v fli uw ??i iu^iivi .. ..v.. slavery is in question, and whenever it is eon- i venient to accomplish liis purpose. Much better would it lie to exercise their benevolence i among the wretches who are panting among i them, and let those only lake oaths here, who are prepared to observe them. W hen they have relLvcd their own sullerers, we might better be prepared to hear them, and believe in their professions. Unlill they do this, I have no faith in their philanthropy, and would much sooner suspect that the religion of the Senator wonhl find its happiest goal within the walls of a White Mouse. Sir, there is a stale of things at the North, with all their hoasted piety and philanthropy, which I trust will nover he realized at the south. F.oolc lor a moment at their thousand societies and association.", anti-sabbath, anti-marriage, anti-rent, &c~ with their infidel conventions, and views of socialism and agrarianism, which seem to be rapidly tending to such a state of things as will pull down in the deepest depths of agrarianism and confusion, all that the wisdom of a century has done for the country; I hut recently saw from the columns of a paper, having perhaps, as large a circulation as any in the Union, published in New York, b) a gen* tinman last winter a member of this body, in substance, such sentiment as this: That the pirate who presented his pistol, and forced tho surrender of a surplus over that which was necessary to one's own support, had the right to do so, and that the land owner had no claim on his lessee, unless it were necessary for his own support Such an abominable sentiment 88 this has been published before, from the Roman Tribune, and formed a great element in the course of tilings that pulled down that Republic. It was alike familiar in the Jacobin clubs of France, preceding the time when Robespierre, Danton and Marat ruled the destinies of that people, and held up to the world a spectacle that humanity would hide from in disgust It remains to bo seen what may be its effects in this progressive age of monstrosities of the North. It remains to be seen how long before those of every hue and clime, when made freemen and citizens by northern sentimentand practice, having forced the southern States to withdraw from an association made insufferable to them, will vote themselves a share, without law or riirht, of the substance of the country, when the veriest vagabond upon the earth, may share equally with the honest man of the country, and when those whose sympathies are now so deep for the black race, may have their own status controlled by them, as in the crusade now a. gainst the South, their favorites are sent to this and the other end of the Capitol tJ rule the storm against us; but time admonishes me I must pass on. I have said that actual war against the South exists in the conduct of the free States in rela. lion to slavery; and I think every candid man who views things as they are, should sustain me in this position. Every State in this Union had slaves when this Confederacy was formed, unless Massachusetts. She, I believe, had some, though not to be found in the census of 1790; and it may not be too often repeated, that no association would have been formed had slave, ry not only been recognized, but more carefully guarded than any other species of property. Indeed it was to slaves and their proceeds that that this government must have mainly looked for support?lands were then abundant and cheap, and no one supposed that impost duties under any scale of importation ever could an. swer the exigencies of the Government; hence the provision that slaves and their proceeds should only be taxed in proportion to the representation of the States. Very soon however, a spirit of fanaticism commenced its progress, which has progressed from various causes until we find ourselves in our present condition, with discord and strife from one extremity of the Confederacy to the other, that I, for one, do not believe will ever be reconciled until the southern States will either be degraded and ruined, or that spirit of resistance which I think the duty of freemen, will vindicate her rights and ner honor. I shall not attempt the enumeration of the thousand facts which lead me to this conclusion?I only refer to a few of them as I pass on. In the progress of this spirit Abolition societies were formed, public opinion began to receive the taint, men who were in most instances low and obscure, became orators, and acquired consequence that nothing but superstition or fanaticism would have allowed them.? Women and the youth of the country were taught to look upon the owners of slaves as fiends from purgatory; slanders of the grossest type were circulated to effect this purpose; emissaries from England were received and listened to as ministers from God; they propagated i thousand libels upon the South, represented .....no ,.f Jtt. <iiwl lilmiil nf which the south . m people never heard; nor had thev, unless ipon their own ships whilst engaged in dragr ,'ing the African from his native land. Minislet s of tho (iospel desecrated the pulpit with the grossest perversion of Scripture in ajd of diis unholy work. The Blue Laws were abolished, >r rather worn out, by their own satiety, and the public mind found food in this unrighteous warfare upon the rights and peace of those whom, for the purposes of spoil and plunder, hey would call brothers. Amid such a state >f tilings there never have boon wanting in any ,'ounlrv demagogues to take advantage of tho tempest and ride themselves into place; and in thirty vears after the adoption of the Constitu Lion, such was the influence ofAbolitionismth.it in the admission of Missouri the Confederacy tottered on its pillars at the hands of the North, Here was the first daring outrage in our National Legislature to limit the extent of slavery, and the first unfortunate error by the South in confiding in pledges made by the North on this subject. They gave up a right at the shrine of peace and the Union, and they have in return lor it a violated faith by the North, and the assertion that a precedent has boon established by which the Constitution may at all limes be trampled under foot. Congress bad no authority to make the Missouri compromise as a constitutional act. and never djd alter or amend the ' ' 1 * ? I I J /*1 Constitution, ny mat acr. uuieea uongresg cannot alter the Constitution ; and although mem hers might vote for an act as a compromise of their rights, yet the people \you)d at all times have the right to repudiate it. Ij' they fail fc) do so, still the act cannot change the principles ^ 1* it.-. / ' 1'i..l!Tl.? i ia nna Ul IIIIJ VxUMMlUlllUII. J 1IU 10 viiu tiling, and a right under it is another, And although the people jpjquicsucd in the disposal of a part of their territories to buy their peace at one time, it furnishes no reason why that act becomes an article of the Constitution. And even