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^bc?t ?jmbbum?a??mb?g?aun wB4i to its cultivation ; and tobacco soon became an article of commerce. 'I'he introduction of this sort of labor had the effect of excluding, in a great measure, emigration from Europe?the i emigration which subverted thp ascendancy of. I the Quakers of Pennsylvania?which lias ma- j I terially modified the original character of Vow j I England, and still more of the new free States of j the West. And it has been through negro i i slavery that agriculture has been made, for the ' first time in the history of the world, so profit a- I hie and attractive as to render rural life the favorite of wealth as well as of the mass of the . . - 1 . r ,i... people?to make the country msu-nu ?m mr i towns the abode of elegant manners and refill- ' ed taste. And this system of society has prevailed throughout the other States of the South, owing to the similarity of their primitive character to that of Virginia?to her example?to emigration into them of ma-y Virginians, the i warmth of the climate, and to the cii ture of cotton, which is more favorable to the employ- j ment of slave labor than that of tobacco. i Thus, then, we have fifteen Southern States ! one halfofthe number belonging to the Union occupying half of our territory?who present 1 the extraordinary, and. so f.ir as my researches extend, the unparalleled result of a population which has armored ereater wealth I V agrieul ]. ? j ture than any other people in any otlier man j ner; and who have consequently given n?cen- ' dancy within tlieir Imnlers to country lit'* over I city, in social and political power. In Great . Bri'ain, the only country which ran he com pared in civilization with ours, the land holders are indeed a very weaithv class, perhaps the most so, hut they have dwellings in Loudon, and pass a larger part orthe year there. The land j holders of Great Britain also constitute hut a small portion of the population. We must now consider the effect upon the j various elements of civilization on a popula. lion at once wealthy and rural like that of the South. In communities which have acquired great wealth, it is almost universal that such wealth is very unequally distributed. Extreme poverty and extreme wealth characterize the population?but the mass arc poor. This is perhaps inevitable where manufacture or com- ; merce or conquest are the means of acquisition* ; And in England this is strikingly displayed.? But it is not so in agricultural people.'1 I know j it is a common opinion, that much greater in- i equality of property exists in tho South than in j the North. But although I do not possess ex- J1 act knowledge on this point, there is ennogh ! known to prove that this cannot be the case.? 11 The State of Virginia allows none to exercise ! . - i . r l_i.i the elective trancnise mre wnn? irci.-unitjri.i, leaseholders of five years, and housekeepers who are heads of families. Now it appears l?y I the returns of the Presidential election of 1844, i that Virginia gave al>ont 93,000 votes; allowing i 10,060 for voters who did not attend the polls, < and it appears that there are 105.000 free I white males in that State who are either free- < holders, leaseholders, or housekeepers and i heads of families, and by the census of 1830 there were only 157,989 white males in that ( . State above the age of 21 ; so that two thirds of I them are either free holders, leaseholders, or housekeepers. I do not know what proportion ; | of the Northern States are freeholders, but I l have seen a detailed statement from which it appears that only ha'f the voters were free hoi* i ders ; and when we consider that the riti. ? of I I New York and Boston contain nearly half the i property of the States to which they respective, i ly belong, and that in those cities paupetism i prevails to greater extent than any where else in the Union, it is very clear that great inequality of property prevails i I To be continued in our next.] Ji Ex-Presiuevt Polk.?Our distinguished fellow-citizen has, as we have heretofore an- i meed, returned to this city, and quietly cet- j j tied down in his beautiful residence on an emi- | < nance near the capitol. The cares and re. sponsibiliiies of the most exalted position in the > civil Governments of the earth are laid aside, t and the late President, mingling daily with his . i fellow-cilizens in the streets of our beautiful I i citv as one of the sovereign people, is we doubt j I not. a happier man than when in Washington, t burdened with the weight of his vast responsi. I bilities, and surrounded with tlie throng who | i looked to him as the dispenser of patronage and I place. i Mr. Polk looks ten years younger than when t ho landed here six weeks ago. The fire of his eye had never h en quenched, and he lias re. J t Covered the elasticity of step and the. healthful i complexion of which sickness had tetripoiarily , ' deprived him on his first arrival. That lie may I here pass a quiet evening after the most event- | fill morning and midday of his life, is a wish in which we are sure most of those even who hare I been numbered with his political opponenst will l join. t The time has not yet arrived when justice i can be extended to the brilliant and successful I administration ; but the day will yet come when I that administration will be regarded as the most : prolific of great and beneficial results of any j I which adorns the pages of our history. Ft es- ! j tahlished?permanently, wo believe?the p di- J ' cy for which the party of the country has con- ; I tended since theldays of Jefferson, and impartial history, when the faction whicli opposed the | < policy of Mr. Polk's administration shall have ; ' been consigned to enduring infamy, will pro. j < nounce theso results tho most beneficent ofany | ' since the adoption of our constitution. I Nashville Union, j t Cure of Cancer.?Perhaps l can conier a ? favor on some of your subscribers by giving u I very simple and effectual cure for cancers.? i The extract of wood sorrel, u?ed as a plaster i through .the day, and slippery elm hark at night, f will cure any cancer that has ulcerated, or that j has not live skin over it ; in that case the skin : 1 should he broken in some way. To hum a i piece of punk on the place, is a good method, ! then apply the salve, as before directed. The j > extract is obtained, simply by pounding the ( common sorrel in a mortar, or other vessel, and j pressing out the juice, then put it in a pewter i dish or basin, and place it in the sun, until it < dries to the consistence of tar, when it is fit for use.?Indiana State Journal. j 1 i t Georgia Woolens.?The Augusta Chroni. ! t cle says, Mr. J. C. C'armichael has shown us , | samples of thirteen varieties of woolen, and < cotton and wool goods, made at the Richmond factory, in this county, belonging to Mr. Geo. | Schley. These cloths arc designed mainly for nlnikSnrr nort'nnfB anil o rn firm Imiivv \vi?!l r twisted and woven goods. Mr. Carmichael keeps a full stock on sale. Price3 range from 20 to 40 cents a yard. \ The whole number of children in Missouri I over 6 and under 20 years of age, reported for \ the year 1849, 149,032. Upon this basis, and j i not upon the number attending school, money , I is distributed. The nmount apportioned to the ! t several counties is 959 887 40. From the Charleston Mercury. STRIPPING A JACKDAW. Lieut. Mayne Reid. of the New York Regiment of Volunteers, has preferred a claim lieforo [he Common Council of the City of New York lo the Gold Box bequeathed by Gen. Jackson i lo whomsoever his lellow citizens should deem worthiest. Among; the reasons he adduces, we extract the following : 7. In the action of Chernbusco, my company ft? V?w Vnrlt i'<iluiili>i>r< \ ivni the nil!'.' coin- I pattv of live regiments, composing Shield-'s f'rigude, that p.eservod their rank arifi fought t In order ofbattle. Al! others broke at receiving the enemy's fin', and though Ih?*y fought gallantly daritig the action, it was without order or manege. 6. In this action I forced a lrody ofSoiitli Carolinians to carry their Lieutenant Colonel frotn the liehl, when ho fell mortally wounded. 7. I caught the South Carolina flag as it fell from his hands, anil carried it for some time [hiring the deadliest of the enemy's fire. 8. In this action. I led the New York and South Carolina regiments to the charge?the i Inxf charge made hy the American infantry on j the 30lh of August. 9. I mused this moremrul hv running in fiont of the broken lines, and milling out : " 'L ii (if New Yoik ! will \ou follow mc to the charge ?" 10. I aft.u wards directed the pnrstijt. until halted hv irenera! orders, when 1 caused the I Nt'\v Y Dili regiment, (the remnant of it) 111 < 11 | in advance of tin* whole army, with the South \ Carolinian*, tn l:a!t and form. A communication from one of the Palmettos, i which we find iti the New Orleans Delta, thus I satisfactorily disposes of some of these modest ' pretentions : My attention having hoen called to an article in Monday morning's 'Crescent,' setting forth ! the claims of Lieut. Mayne Reid to C en. Jack, j son's gold box, and noticing in that article many glaring inconsistencies?not to use a harsher ( term?I have thought it mv duty, as a member . of one of the regiments mentioned by him, to give a simple statement of facts which hereto, fore have never been disputed to my knowledge. ; I shall simply review his statement in the order in which it appears, so far as my personal knowl. ' edge extends. Of his first three statements, I ; can say nothing Hut in his fourth, he claims having taken the first trophy captured by the j brigade of (Jen. Shields in the battle ol ('on- 1 treras. Such an exploit was totally impossible, J from the nature ot the formation of that brigade i the South Carolina volunteers, having been brought to the attack of the retreating enemy; ; before, and at least 300 yards farther up the road than the New York regiment, of which the Lieutenant was a member?furthermore, the fin! of the South Carolina regiment destroyed what little older was preserved in the Mexi:au r ink-, and gave the New Yorkers but little oportunity of making the first capture, as ! Jozens of the Palmetto Regiment were in the [ road capturing horses and making prisoners. I In his fifth, he says that Shield's brigade was J composed of five regiments. Such was not ! the case ; it consisted of the New York and : Palmetto Regiments, who were afterwards sup. ported by three or four companies taken from j Hit* Rifles, and if i remember rightly, a!*o Jrom I!?? 9th, lllli, and 13th, Regiments of infantry; in all, not mure liati 1201) men, tlii< includes the party wiih tin* howitzer. Lieut. Reid say* | that his company (B.) was tin* only ??:??* that | stood tin* fin* of the enemy. For '.Int. I can say positively, that when the >v'iith Carolina Regiment was luoii^lit into bin*. ttic* Now Ynikers were in the iitmnst coiifu*i/?n, and had retired behind the Hacienda, or were scattered j aliont the lield, save some twenty brave fellows who had surrounded their flag. The Palmetto Regiment remained in line some fifteen minutes, Col. Butler requesting Cell. Shields to give the order to charge, which he refused to Jo, and lie having failed to restore the New | Yorkers to their ranks ordered the retreat of the l South Carolina Regiment. F.veti then the , :hu order was nut extended to tho three left 1 companies, who stood until the balance of the j regiment had proceeded some distance, when, having been informed of the order, thev followed. In the sixth, he says lie forced a body of South Carolinians to carry Lieut. Col. Uickinsnn from die field. Such could not possihlv have liecii ; he case, C?d. I). having taken his position in he centre of his regiment, and was there when wounded. Hence, if Lieut. Reid was near J Col. IJ. when lie was shot, he must have so far Ibrgotten the first duty of ail officer, as to leave liis company and regiment, and attach himself In another, at a time when every man, more particularly an officer, should lie seen at his post. In the seventh, lie says that he caught the dag of the Palmetto Regiment, as it fell from die hands of Col. |). and carried it for socue dine. Again, 1 a^k, was he at his post? lint this is not the only ground on which I base my disbelief. The subject of the flag has 1 lieen discussed a hundred times, and I will give j i i brief history ofit in that engagement. When j i lie regiment was lirst urongni inioaciion, u was i jiven Id color.sergeant, (l\ Regg?) who was i wounded while carrying it. Col. Ibckinson then look the flag, anil bore it till lie was shot down, i He then handed it, irith his sword, to Maj. Gludlc.n and it was committed l;y the Maj. to a member of Co. II. (l\ Leonard) who bore it through- i jut that battle,and every subsequent one, till it was the first to wave over the captured gates of he Garita de Helen, and every member of the i egiment will sustain me in this assertion. In his eighth, he sajs 1 led the two regiments o the charge. Pray, I ask, where was (Jen. i Shields that lie thus passively resigned his com- . nnud to Lieut. Reid? Again, I repeat, if lie lid so, he had left his post; tor in the second j i urination the Palmetto Regiment was given the i lost of honor, (the right wing) and were, in ad- ! ranee oft ho New York Regiment in the charge. : which broke the centre of the enemy. Of his ninth, 1 can say nothing, onlv it was 1 lingular. I never perceived I,t. Reiil when, ac- I < lording to his statement, lie was with the flag j 1 if the South Carolina Regiment, which was in ! < inns length of me several times during the en* ;1 jagenient. Of his tenth, I can only reiterate, where '1 was onr commander, ((Jen. Shield*) who I, lor 1 I he first time, heard aoeuscd of incompetence as j ' o giving orders to his command? Of his ex- 1 doits under the largest gun at Chapultepee, I j ran say nothing. With many apologies fir trespassing on the. 11 latience of yourself and readers Heave Lieut, j i Vlayne Reid to the enjoyment of his glories, j md the consciousness of his great modesty. Palmktto. 1 I Br ware ok Mad Does.? \ rabid mad dug , i ivas killed on Sunday night on the premises of | (lev. Mr. Talley. It is supposed that this dog < ,vas bitten by another in a like condition with, i n a day or two past. The Town Council, we ; i tope, will adopt measures to prevent dogs from j tinning at large in the streets. ji Palmetto Slate Banner. | From the Baltimore Sun. fTt 1 ARRIVAL OF THE EUROPA. 1 J Seven Days Later From Europe. ? first dispatch. The following dispatch reached us from our correspondent at St. Johns, N. B., yesterday __ afternoon, and was immediately issued in an "extra Sun." St. John's, June 6th?a. m. ? t *n_. The Royal Mail Steamer Kuropa arrived at i i k Halifax on Tuesday, 5th inst.. at noon and in a ' of few minutes after your special Uxpress left for 1 Qor this place, where it arrived at an early hour t . , this morning, The Kuropa brought no specie, j ]n and fifty-three passengers. ! nia Liverpool Cotton Market, May 26.?In j tal the rotton market lor two days after the sailing 1 rjel oft he Niagara, there was a good demand for ; j trade and export. For American descriptions, I foil prices have been paid since the receipt of ua< the Cambria's advices. The. stock however, 1 f'as has accumulated considerably, and as the mar- j pro ket is now almost glutted with fresh imports, ' jn(f wiiich are freely offered, prices, if anything, are ^ slightly depressed. I The week's transaction ending yesterday j ves were 40.320 bales, of which speenlators took ! prit 4,470 bales, and exporters 5,000 bales. The tlin imports of the week were very large, being not i j.|)( less than 125,729 hales, of which 113.403 were , American. The slock of cotton at present in 1 Liverpool is estimated at 715.710 bales, of RU^ whirh 631.030 are American- anc The following additional, ,ie i highly torpor- Jja< taut intelligence enure to hand from our tele. graphic correspondent at St. Johns, 11 o'clock;, last night. | Italy.?On the 15th of May, the French l having attempted an entrance into the city of ves Koine over the .Melvian iiruige, n was mown up. : anfj The* French forccis were stationed on the | . hanks of the Ti!?er, between Palo and Uoine. j n At the last advices their vanguard was four j cia miles from the citv, and that of the Neapolitan | forces twelve miles. There was also a small j as body of Spaniards at Finmieino. tj)(< PitrssiA.?The King of Prussia has issued a ^ ^ manifesto to his subjects, condemning the late revolts, saying that they were gotten up hy the n'" enemies of Germany. He says he will shortly con submit a constitution to his people, which has j frwi been sanctioned by other Governments, and jj w'h'eli shall have, tiiii'y for its basis, and there. ! ' hy guarantee to Germany liberty and free rep. j ,Uft resentation. 'M't The seige of Berlin was prosecuted with in- knr erea?ed vigor, caused by the discovery of a con- evc spiracy for a desperate, and. as was believed, |. |j dangerous outbreak. It is further reported that negotiations for ??11 another Normal constitution were almost ter- we minatcd. It is said that its provisions in the | ma main resemble those of the Frankfo t coustitii- i j, lion, but that the King of Prussia will only as- j ^ some the title of Protector instead of Emperor, and that Auslra will firm no part of the Empire. rea though connected with it by a close defensive or l alliance. 1 The commercial news is not of a very cheer- j ing character, but the political intelligence is of more than ordinary interest. There has been no farther discussion of Can- I ailian aflsirs in P.u iium-'iit, and it is doubtful if att< any wiil lake place. There does not appear to be any reason to doubt that the English Gov. | I priuiieiit willfully sustain every act of Lord ' m0 Elgin's administration. I Another {?i -1 ?1 i.ns been fired :tl Queen Victoria, williniit however.my injurious eonseqiicn. | ,L'r ces. The eriminaf i* a stupid irishman who, j par a* tie |>isiol only con!ain<-<J powder, seems to It i hive had it.> other object in view than to gain t|)ft notoriety. I. The political affairs on tin? continent exhibit no improvement. Indeed the danger of a gen- '',c eral European war appears to lie more imminent now than at any previous time during the pa*l year. 1 Francb.?Tilt' recent elections have rostilt- y0u ed favorably to the Socialists and red republi- ^ ^ cans to a far greater extent than was anticipated. They will number in the Assembly about rf 2-10 strong against twice that number, which con composed of parties and sections of parties en- ' ma tertaining very oppo^itiyipinions, are neverllin- | (lj"s less considered the friends of order. Oil the I ^ announcement of this intelligence, the French ! ' funds fell thirteen per cent. At the latest dates, however, lliey had slightly recovered, and on con ihc 24lh the live percent were quoted at Slf,- Evi 50c., and three per cent at 52f. con In I lie. French Assemby, the affairs of Rome ^ and Hungary being under consideration, a do. ! bate arose which is described as being the most ! " ' exciting and violent ever witnessed. i'roposi. lha lions of an immediate declaration of war against , jjj t Russia and Austiiu \ver?? urged by several ' f|r speakers, which, however, were subsequently ! modified by the. adoption of a resolution pro. | P 1 posed by (ienoral Cavignac, recommending to ! ' the (iovornmeiit to adopt energetic measures ofy for llie prot-ction of the internal and external i amJ interests of the Republic. This resolution, | |(| ilir.ii.,li vidli.nilv-nnoosi>rl liv the Minislrv. was ! carried by a majority of <136 to 191. i mi,! Nothing has heeii arranged in regard to a i ,i;r< change of Ministrey, but it was supposed that heir immediately after the new Assembly met, Mar. i (0 c shall Bereaud would be called upon to form a i . ' eve new cabinet. | Dkxmauk.?'The war between the Danes j 1 and Prussians continues without any decisive J and result, or prospect of an early adjustment. | ban Gkkmany.?In Germany insurrections and i \ commotions exist ovpry win?c. - ; j;)r| IIuxcary.? l ite indomitable Hungarians ! j ^ in their unequal contest with Austria and Rus- I sia. exhibit no furthering, anii are preparing for 1 a desperate struggle. Russia.?The Kmperor of Russia has formally recognised the French Republic, and si- poo multaneously issued a manifesto announcing loss his determination to interfere in the Austrian ! ()p . and Hungarian quarrel. In this manifesto ho ! j speaks of the mission of his God.preserved j nation, and i:t the name of the Almighty, lend- | '''* i?r of artuies and I.ord of Victories, commands ; Pci his armies to move forward for the extinction [|n| :>f rebellion, and the destruction of murderous | ()j-^ and evil intentioned men. India.? The war of the Punjanb is entirely tw<1 aver, and tlie last phantom of Siekh sovereign- V1V( IV, has signed away liis title, by which act this of t vast region ol country, sonic 1000 miles in extent, has become part and parcel of the British empire. ivn This mtlinnnv countrv remains in S ?* -r i j - llin s:ifn?* statu ol destitution and misery as 0p (J noted in the last accounts. . . cm i We understand tliat William MeNfutlv, ISsq., j ct'' has l?een re nppolnted Post Master of this place. ''iai It is said that .Mr. iMcNutly xvas removed two Th< r?r three weeks since on the supposition that he und had supported (Jen. Cass at the Presidential | [ lection, luit the supposition lining unfounded ) lhe Post Master General re-instated him on Qp ( receiving prnol to satisfaction that he was a genuine wliig, and had not committed the high nl' misdemeanor of casting his vote for the Demo- co" cratic nominees.?Georgetown Observer. | ing HE CAMDEN JOURNAL,p Wednesday Morning, Jnne 13, 1849. tr W. TIIURLOW CASTOJT, EDITOR. ^ CALIFORNIA AGAIN. w Ve have received a circular from A. (?. " l'on, of Lancaster, proposing to young men P steady and industrious habits, to form a (' npatiy of fifty, for the purpose of seeking e ir fortunes among the gold hills of Califbr- 51 His plan, as \vc understand it, is a capi- P onp, emanating, we believe, from the expe- a ice of his elder brother E. Tit von of this v :c. The mode of travelling is to he l?y L :er, round the Cape, and as the cost of a 11 sage is estimated at about ?200, they l< pose that each member throw that amount v > a common fund?the aggregate of which n y regard as sufficient to purchase a suitable 11 sol. The vessel, of course, cannot at the c :e be a very large one, but as two of the ?c Brothers who design going, have some jwledge of a maritime life, we have eonfi. ice in the statement that that sum would be l' lci?*nt to purchase and fit out a vessel large T I strong enough, to carry 5)0 men,?their r rgage, and the requisite number ol sailors n *ly to San Francisco. The sailors and deck 11 ids are to be paid by getting a free passage 1 he digging*. It is intended to insure the '' sel, and the lives of as many as may be able <' I willing to pay for the policy. Upon arriv- ' at the port, they design selling the ship or ' . c If, or uso h?*r to transport gnorj* ann pa^sen. i s.or dispose oflier to the hem advantage, and ! ' vessels are enormously high at Francisco, j * y confidently hclieve, that her sale distri.ni- j ' pro raid, among the C'onipany will more than j 1 nburse each one fir the $200, paid into the r amon stock. If so, a passage is procured, ^ s of charge. We suppose some goods and 8 icles of trade will be carried out. If any 8 determined to visit the land of Jiinpst no ler opportunity could be afforded, for we ' >w, that those who make the proposition, arc ' ry way calculated to carry it out success. r v. Without pretending to advise any one a im'ertake this long and hazardous expedition, 1 simply speak of the plan, to those who have 8 de up their minds to go, as a good one and that *' s the golden moment to sail fir the Valley of s Sacramento. It is their intention to get f dy as soon as possible, probably in a month ' two. IVe are requested to state, that if further in- ' nation is wanted, a communication address-1 ' either to E. Tnvox of this place, or A. t?\ yon of Lancasterviilc, will receive prompt ^ intion. Ei.wood I"isiiKit's Lecture.?We cornnee this week to publish the Lecture, of Mr. ' her. We trust that its length, will not de- 1 our readers, who have not seen it in a n nplilet firm, from giving it a careful perusal. ' s one of tin* most remarkable productions of ' day, and throws new light upon the relation- ^ |?s of the N rth and .South. It is well worth | '' attention of every Southerner. BAND 01" MtlSLU. 5 iVe learn will) pleasure, (hat some of the |; injr men of our Town arc about organizing i and of music, under the able instructions of e ?f. Biissenden, who comes among us, re- r amended as being in every way capable to a Ice and to teach others to make the "concord ! t iwect sounds." There is no place, that needs j [ and of musicians, so much as Camden, and j J iblless her citizens, will oxten ! every en- ^ Sj ragemenl to secure its successful formation. I I cry town, village and many thickly settled v inutilities throughout the country, have t; ir musical corps, but the monumrnlnl Town. I 'heso tilings ought not so to be." Wc trust n l those who have undertaken it will persevere a heir enterprise, aijd that such demonstrations t! encouragement will lie manifested on the s t of the citizens, that a strong band will be fi ince liirmed. We understand that "in days I li ore," a most excellent band flourished here 1 I what should prevent the formation of an- s er, equally efficient? As the services of a siciaus arc constantly needed, to impart in- v . st to the many public meetings annually v J here, it would not be amiss for the ci'izens s onlrihute generally, and present tliein with J ry necessary instrument. Could not the . S ivu Council be authorized to furnish them | a retain them whenever a member left the : v il / s A'e know no belter way to secure its early (j nation, and permanent existence, than for community, to aflnrd some substantial proof , Is appreciation and encouragement. p Lnotukk FIkko (I one.?'Mic American pic have scarcely ceased to mourn for the of a Worth, before tliey hear of (he death mother Chieftain. Despatches from New eans, announce the decease of the venera- J patriot and hero Major General Edmund p ullclon Gaines. lie died at the St. Charles v lei, at 3 o'clock on last Wednesday morning ti Jholora, after an illness of only a day or a . Both of these brave tienerals have stirid many deadly condirts with the enemies || heir country, to surrender, at last, to this S( id lit 1 scourge. 0 Wheat Crops. in far as we have heard from the wheat crops 0 air District, we believe, tho position assmnby our correspondent A Planter, is sustain- , lliat a much larger yield of the grain g a was expected, will lie realized this year. j harvest of the early wheal is over, and we orstand, a good crop has been gathered. .. e Vest Point Academy.?The examination SI ihc Students of this Institution, commenced Monday morning 4tli instant. A large con. rso is to be present, to witness the interest. J exercises. si RESIDENT TAYLOR & HIS PLEDGES, e From a disposition to give the new Adininis- ' alion a fair trial, and to allow the incumbent 1 re&lhing time, in his new position, to look t round upon the complicated machinery of s 'hich he is the centre, we have forborne to r otice the many complaints against it, for its roscriptive butchering of officials. Since the nys of the later Presidents, we regard it as an 1 xpectation generally entertained, that if the tccessful Candidate should be politically op- f osed to his predecessor, a thorough revolution f n?ong officeholders inevitably follows his ele- ' ation, but from the repeated declarations of the ( )ld General, who " had no enemies to punish, ^ or friends to reward," the country had reason j ) expect other things. With him who said, rhile a candidate, " In no case can I permit ' nself to be the candidate of any party, or yield ! lyself to party schemes," it was hoppd, that the ommon rules of justice and right ?the capa- i ility and honesty ofaspirants, would exert, at * ?ast some influence in governing appointments ' n office. We are not disposed, to join in with J he unmeasured al>use, heaped from certain ' uarters upon the devoted head ofthe Old Hero, I esnlting probaldy from personal disappointaenf, or the gratification of envious feelings,? J inr do we think, the South should despair, for | he principles, for which she. has so long con- | ended. ? Rut when Whig advisers have been I - i i.:._ ?i it i r._. i Irtwn (iiuunu Ki I in ? ci 1111 i lie iiuvn iruiuic ill* reduced into the administration of throwing off ' ho responsibility from the President, and pining it upon the Cabinet of making all np ointments for their respective Departments; V which numerous Democrats are brought to 1 he block, arid Whigs thrust into office, often imes with less ability and integrity, we cannot esi?t the. conclusion that the Executive, now irmly in his seat, has forgotten, that he ever aid "IfelecterJ I would not be the mere Preident of a party. I would endeavor to act in. Impendent of party dominion. I should feel tound to administer the government untramelt*d by party schemes." The President's heart nay lie right, but mere honesty ?.f purpose, tin Lcconipatiied by experience and decision is no natch against the skilful wire.working and uperior political knowledge of an ambitious tnd intriguing Cabinet* Parly serving connoilers of experience and intellect may easily nislead and thwart the intentions of simple tonesty and integrity. Whatever may be said o sustain the new Administration?whatever topes may Iks cherished as to its future ope/a _ T. . 1.1 .L..i !i ! ions *n<iM nr iroiirc-fifii, imu II i> uni|urniiuii> ibly Whig and decidedly Partisan. 3REEXVILLE AM) COLUMBIA RAIL ROAD COMPANY. A late Temperance Advocate contains the lepoit made to this Company, at its. late nvet- j ng. I?y its President, Hon. J. B. O'Neal!. The ; flairs of the Company are represented as highy ptosperoiis. free from any embarrassmentsI'heir finawe* liave lircn kept in a sound and lealthy condition. The receipts ol the year titling 1st of April, 1S49, amounted to 835, >51 01?disbursements to the same time, aiiottnled to 878,048 91, leaving a balance ol >7,507. On the 12th of April last, every dob arduo on contracts fur grading, bridgingand o r?* o resile work was paid. Contracts were lei out xtensively t<? stockholders, with the happiest , esults?a great deal of work has been done, .rid but little cash passe.I. The grading of hat division of the Road front Columbia to Iroatl River was to be completed by the first of | tine, and the bridge across the river, let out at ' ( 125,000, will be finished by the l<t of January, 850, Hi which time it is expected that the road 1 rill lie fully in operation to that point, a dis- ! ance of 26 miles. The South Carolina Rail ( load Company delivers the Flange. Iron for 35 | niles, at S 15 per ton, in payment of their bonds i t par. An arrangement has been made with hat Company to unite the tracks at Columbia, ii flint if will lie imncrexsnrv to build a new , reight do pot. The corporation of Columbia iiivc failed to pay their instalments due on the 1 st of November, January and March, and ' eem to lot loss prompt, than other stockholders, nd the Company has the misfortune to he in* olvcd in litigation, hut not to any great extent, < ritfi the stockholders of that place, and Anderon, Abbeville, Greenville and Newberry. Col. anies Gregg was recommended and appointed Solicitor for the Company. Greenville stands i liKif Irom the enterprise, hut that District as 1 veil as many others in that section of the State j eem determined on Rail Roads to run in some irectinn or other. < Want of space prevents 11s from taking farther < lotice of the various reports made to the Com any. Doubtless tho prosperous condition of;( lie Company is attributable, in n great mcasro to the energy of its indefatigable President, I nd its skilful Engineer, Wm. S. Browne. I I James II. Sutcliffe, Jon.\ W. Clark and ' ames Cantlky are now on trial in Charles 1 in, before bis Honor T. J. Wethers for Arson, , J idiich produced tho late extensive conflngra* j j on in tho City. SutclifTe has been fuund ] uilty, but his Counsel gave notice of appeal. u... l i /litltt ww* iiiuiiiuru, inn na i u? wuiui iuvu ?hi 1 # ( ie charge of Larceny. As they we- tried ( pparatcly, we suppose Cantley would lie put ( n his tiial on Saturday. An accomplice I Villiam Chisolm is a main Witness against the Renders. t The Governor of Georgia lias appointed one J undred and seven Delegates, to represent that late, in the Convention to bo held at Memphis 1 Tenn.) on the 4th of July. OCT We extract the following opinions deliv. red by the Court of Appeals, at the late Scs ion, from the Temperance Advocate:? By the Court of Errors: , The Bank of the Slate of South Carolina ads. i ohn N. Rosss et nl.?A mortgage given to < ?curc a debt to the Bank, h the ordinary course ' 1 ?f discfiuntihg. and not nnder the clause of the jfl Vet directing Inane to he apportioned among he Districts, and to be secured by bond ana nortgago, is not regarded as recorded under he provision of the Act relating to such loans, ind was postponed to a previously recorded nortgage. ? By the Law Court of appeals. Hj The State vs. Zach. Bowen.?The defendant fl inder the Act of 1740, was convicted hi 12 ca. ( es before a Magistrate, fur not giving his slaret ufficiont fund and clothing, and fined in each H aso, ?20, current money, equal to 813 60, and * fl or such sums the Magistrate issued his war* fl ant of distress, as diiecled by the Act. Pen* ling the appeal, the defendant died. It wa? fl leld, l?t. The cases did not abate. 2nd. That w fl he decision of the Magistrate was final, there fl leing no appeal allowed by the Act. 3rd* fl That the Magistrate's jurisdiction under the fl Act, was not in violation of the Constituting fl he Act being prior thereto, and thereby the fl aw of the land at its adoption. B Thos Stark vs. R. S. Barwick.?R. S. Bar- M wick vs. Titos. Starke, (2 cases)?In these ca. fl ?es, the sole question was, whether Barwick B lad performed his contract to erect two saw fl Tiills. on the Ilotcbkiss patent re-action water fl wheels, and to make them perform wejl.? fl There was conflicting proof. The jury found "or Barwick?their verdict was sustained. O fl The State vs. James Brown*-?The irulirt. -T^B ruent was ruled to be sufficient, the \v?*rd S 'void,"relating to the prisoner, and not to the fl -i r l __ Tt .A -fl person Hired to commit me i?*iony. u+ineru ? 1)0 one good count, the conviction will ho re. m [erred to that. The supernumerary jurors were fl Jrawn on Monday, and were presented to the * I prisoner in order so drawn; this was held to ho flj correct. To carry away a slave from an own* pr, and against his will, with the intoul to set him free, is stealing a slave under the Act of JHfl 1754. Though there may be three offences charged in the indictment, yet, if they he suh. jeel to the same judgement, they may be joined in the same indictment. The proof covered the six counts of the indictment, in whic.h the prisoner was charged with stealing a aljve or slaves, hiring another to steal him or them, and aid the slave or slaves to run away. The proof ofan accomplice, even uncorroborated, may possibl) sustain a verdict of guilty, iflhejuryhe properly advispd that he. ought not generally to believed, without proof corroborating him. Proof corroborating his statement of the lelony, may be pnongh to give nim credit before the jury. Proof corroborating him in shewing the m prisoner's connection with the felony, is all which can be required to give him credit. The prisoner's motions in arrest ofjndgement and new trial, were relnsrd. The prisoner was sentenced by O'Ncall, J., before whom he was convicted in April last, at Camden, to be hang, ed on Friday, the 13th clay of July next. M. M. Levy vs. Tilmnn Story.?Sum. pro. i on n due bill in the following words: "Duo Sheriff" Levy, out of the note in the hands of J. P. Dickinson, f!?r which I have given him an order, the sum of $47 OScts., to satisfy a (Ja Sa. in the office, against J. Gibson." In the de. fence, Gibson was offered as a witness, and ^ excluded. The Court of Appeal)4>p|d thaWim & had no apparent in!t?ro.^t. The decree was set aside, and a new trial ordered. > | A. fl. Ingrum vs. B. Phillips et. al.?fndcbfedness existing, at a sale of a debtor'# land, by i tlie Sheriff, (at which, by an arrangement with i his son it was bought for a very trifling sum, ^ conveyed to him by the Sheriff, and then to the debtor's daughter, the debtor to have, with her, possession, he paid the sum, at which it was bid off, and also for the title,) will not mak?$?1te sale and subsequent conveyances void,4f all tbc existing debts be afterwards paid off. .(heh conveyances are not within the 13tb and 27th of Eliz., and cannot thereupon be avoided bv subsequent creditors at laic. The only interest which the debtor has under such an arrange, ment, is a resulting trust which cannot lie reach, ed at law. A deed not recorded is good against a purchaser, under an execution, with notice. ^ IM'Fall vs. Sherard, Harp. Rep. 295. Stovor and Barnes, survivors, vs. Thomas Dur?n.?fu this case, in conformity with the riding below, it was held, that in an action oC debt, on a judgment recovered in 1822, the legal presumption of payment arising from lapse nftime, 20 years, was not rebutted by a mere admission that ihe debt was or might bo paid. The defendant, in 1822, was arrested under a -- -- - t>o romiinod in nriinn mips r? 1. mi. hi um ? a.ir, nr. v ?. ... j,, ...... - ? [or more than a year; he had been at large for more than 20 years. It was held that the arrest was satisfaction in law, until it was shewn that satisfaction in fact did not result fromit; and that this was tint done by ?he.w?ng that I his was not done by shewing that the defendnut ^ had been at large 20 ypars. Such a lapse of lime strengthened the presumption of satisfaction in fact. . ^ "5 For the Camden Journal. Mr. Editor: Having a few days since returned from a journey across tho country to or near the line of Georgia, passing along ju?t un. Jer the foot of the mountains, through the prinripal wheat region of our State, I take great pleasure in communicating to your numerous readers inv very agreeable surprise in relation lo the wheat crop. AVheat being injured con. sidorably in my own neighborhood, at least ear. Iv wheat, and conversing with trading wagons from the North Slate, I had supposed the crop very short, hot in this I am happily disappointed. In our own State, I feel safe in saying we will have an average crop of wheat if no more. In passing from [.ancasterville to Anderson Court House, through Chester, Union, Laurrns, Greenville and Anderson, I saw hut two lots that were perceptibly injured by the late frost, hut on the other hand, the finest wheat fields that I have seen for many years, and conversing with farmers on the tubject, many of ihem expressed the opinion that over an areragn :rop would he realized, although low, wet and cold lands and bottoms were said to he the most injured hy the frost. The two injured lots that [ saw were of this kind of land. ^ This 1 offer to the public, Mr. Editor, to cor. ^ rect puldic opinion on this subject. Flour is unnecessarily rising from the supposed failure if the wheat. It may indeed, he injured, hut in the other hand, a larger crop was planted [his year than heretofore, and looks fine indeed. Kite cotton is injured by the backwardness of ho spring and the late cold rain?; many, I learned, were ploughing up their cotton and planting corn in its stead. The corn crop generally looks fine, though young. The cotton crop, will he very 6hort this year, especially if wo have an early frost in tho fall, us we have bad for several past years. A PLANTER. From the South Carolinian. PALMETTO REGIMENT. Col. Gladden has transmitted to the Mayor and councils of New York the following brief note, in reference to the unfounded pretentions ol Lieut. Majne Reid to the honor of having "forced" the Paimclto boys to do their duly and