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fyutetm fnttUigtnar. ??SH""S. ? JL1?UI JJL'_. .J... ..JHH^^S"" E. B. MURRAY, Editor. THURSDAY, JAN. 19, 1832. TERMS 3 ONE YEAR.9?.B0. SIX MONTHS. 75c. Two Dollar? If not paid In advance. EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. COLUMBIA, Jan. 17,1882. Tho General Assembly has bceu very busily engaged r.ince the recess upon thc most important measures that are now pending. Upon the first night of thtr session Governor Hagood sent to the Legislature bis messsgo APPROVING THE STOCK LAW, and urging the eusc'nicnt of a law for tho common of pasturage. Ilia views took every one by surprise, and have met with no concurrence in either branch of tho General Assembly-thc friends and tho opponents of thc Stock law being equally opposed to thc attempt to put this unwise and impracticable sugges tion into operation. Every lawyer of any ability with whom I have conversed is of opinion that thc Governor is mis taken about tho law, as no such thing as common of pasturage ever existed in South Carolina. Hut if it was law, it would necessarily have been repealed by tho enactment of thc Stock law, and to attempt its re enactment is a species of agrarianism that we are surprised to see Governor Hagood advocating. The Legislature, however, has refused to adopt tue Governor's suggestions, and presume tho subject will be dropped, ns none but demagogues will caro to ngitato it further. THE RAILROAD BIM. has boen considered for two days, and will require perhaps two more to com pleto it. When it was cnlled up for con sideration, Mr. Murray moved to strike out the enacting words, holding that the law is favorablo to tho railroads now in existence and opposed M tho construc tion of new roads; that nine tenths of the bill is already tho law and tho other tenth is a change in existing laws, which does not promoto tho interosts of thc people. He was supported in bis motin:: by Messrs. Wm. H. Parker and J. J. Hcmphill, and opposed by Messrs, Has kell, Simpson, Simmons and Johnstone. Tho motion to strike oui was lost by u voto of 57 to 45, Messrs. H?cker and Murray voting to strike out and Messrs. Simpson and Prince against striking out. Thc consideration of tho bill was then gone into and numerous amendments adopted. Mr. Murray offered nn amendment re quiring tho railroads to provide two suit able rooms, properly furnished, for the accommodation of passengers nt all sta tions whero tickets nro sold ; adopted. Also, an amendment requiring tho rail roads whenever the trains are moro than cno-half hour beiiind time, to post bulle tins at nil telegraph stations along the line, notifying tho persona of the timo at which such trains aro expected. Mr. Murray also moved to amend the bill so as to elect the Railroad Commis sioner by the Legislature instead ol by tho people. He nnd ":.cssrs. Haskel), Simpson, Dargan and McKiasick spoke for tho amendment, and Messrs. Ruckor and Johnstone against it. Tho debato waa a vigorous one, and ranged over tho subjects of tho liability to securo tho election of tho officer by unfair means, .1* -1_1--_?I.. _ ma piau VJ J nuivu luo ucav mun was likely to bo selected, &c, and after a con siderable time spent in tho discussion tho amendment was adopted. Mr. Newton moved to amend by re storing threo Commisplurers, which was not adopted. The bili is still under discussion, and it is hoped that most of the objectionable features of the bill which tend to nrjvcnt tho building of now roads will yet br stricken out, and if so tho bill will bo a very good one in most respects, though como changes have been made in the old law which I do not liko. THE PROHIBITION and anti-prohibition petitions from the town of Anderson wero presented by Messrs. Prince and Murray respectively, and referred to the Anderson delegation. Thorn has not boen a meeting of the delegation yet, and I havo not seen tho petition in favor of prohib?'..;'?, so cannot statu '.ho facts connected with them at this limo, but will try to do so next week. Tho bill to reopen tho CITADEL ACADEMY in Charleston carno up for consideration on last Friday. Mr. Simpson moved to strike out tho enacting words, and argued iu favor of his motion. He contended that it would bc folly to attempt to start another university before tho South Car olina University was fairly under way. If these institutions of higher learning *werc to be established it was the height of bad management to divide thc re sources into two portions. He was op posed to both of tho institution^ and held that it was unjust to tho people to barden them with further taxation for 30 usoleaa a purpose. When the United States Government had paid tho amount which was expected to be paid then thero would be Bomo reason for bringing for ward such a bill. . The r.mney had not been paid, and in his opinion there was but a slim chance of its being paid. The effect of opening the Citadel Academy would be either to compel the managers of the institution to allow tho admission of both races or by confining its benefits to one race to viol?te tho provisions of the Constitution. The debate was a long ono. Mr. Mur ray opposed the motion to striko out, anti said : It would improve the com mon school system of the State, which was now admitted to be far inferior to tho demanda of tho times in which we were cast. The plan of the bill is to educate two teachers from each County and send them out to infuse tho benefits of high education ic*? the schools of the whole State. The benefits resulting from this system could not bo overestimated. O?a any S?a?e be too poor to make an :z7c:Mzeai which ia to return such bene ft? la the near future ? Where, then, is ?lia? consistency of those who claim to Ass*-?dotation, while opposing this and i?t?etf? asestares upon the plea that the ffawfcsa sot yet coma or that tho people aw too* poor to bear the burden of ex panne*? They are surely mistaken. irarr----T- nw.?????iiiimmi-ri Without thc higher institutions it will ' be impossible to misc >"ac common ' school? to their highest efficiency; and tho very fact that we are now expending : $400,000 a year on tho education of Hie people is a reason why the small addi : tiona! sums required in tho bill should bc appropriated without hesitation, in order that thc large sum should bc more efficiently applied. Thc L'uiversity would not bc available lo many who could not afford the expenso for board. At thc Military Academy thc expense would bc less and the beneficiary stu dents would be educated at no cost to themselves whatever. Tho poorer pco plc of .South Carolina would not have the means of obtaining higher education inness some academy of Ibis kimi was established, and it was for this reason more than any other that bc favored the bill. The beneficiaries of this Academy would go forth with good educations and carry higher education into the homes of the lowliest in thc laud, and this would more than repay thc appro priation asked for. When thc people of the .Stale fully comprehend thc full scope of this institution they would see thai for once thc Legislature bad been equal to tuc occasion, ami had taken a Htep which was directly in the interest of the poorer classes of iii*? people. Tho col ored people had at this timo all the means for education thal they were ca pable of taking advnntngo of, and when the time came for the colored people t< need higher education tho ?pportunilv of obtaining it would be afforded them Upon every consideration that hail beer presented he thought thc bill BIIOUII pass. Thc discussion was participated in bi Messrs. rimpson, 11 CID ph ill, Allen, Mc Kissick, Verncr and Dargan for strikin| out, and by Messrs. Johnstone, While Egan, Strom, J. E. Mack and Murra; against. The motion to strike out wa defc/.ted by GO to 44-Messrs. Rucke and Murray voting against, and Simpsoi and Prince for striking out. THE ELECTION I.AW lins been before two caucusses, and ha been carried before both of them. I coincH up to day, and will probably pas; Mr. Murray is thc only member of th Anderson delegation who favor? it In t'.o general legislation very lilli progress has been made, in consequent: of the Railroad and Election laws occi pying tho time of the House, and th Revised Statutes taking up that of th Senate. Mr. Murray has introduced n resolulio to instruct thc Judiciary Committee t enquire and report a bill to establis County Court? for Ibo purpose of redi cing tho jurisdiction of Trial Justices nu relieving the Circuit Courts of a portia of thc business, if, in its judgment, sue a mensuro will bc beneficial to the publ interests. Also, a bill lo re-enact n Act to facilitate tho completion of tl Blue Ridge Railroad. Also, a bill I authorize Railroad Companies toendon tho bonds of oilier railroads. Undi thcHO two bills it is expected to have tl Blue Ridge Railroad completed by tl old route within three years. I cann? uow publish tho details, but have asst ranees that tiiis old dream of tho State about to bo realized. Mr. Murray has also introduced a bi reducing tho number of Triul Justic for Anderson to nine, and fixing the salary at fifty dollars for tho county ai one hundred dollars for thc town. Tho Joint Committee on Tax Laws li reported a bill for tho revision of our ti lawB which is a long nnd important on mid will occupy a great deal of attenlio Taking nil these Illings into consider lion, and tho fact that wo now have son two hundred bills to net upon, I til i i wo will do well to get homo by tho mi die of February. I shall endeavor keop tho readers of thc ?NTEI.LIOENCI posted as to all matters which I thii will bo of local iiiierest to them. E. B. M. A RAILROAD DOOM. Thc Greenville New? is generally pr?t good on a boom-particularly a railro: boom-and on Tuesday morning, in doublo-leaded editorial n column lon furnishes quito n largo amount of rai road nows and gossip, from which v make sonic extracts. It says : "In Abbeville yesterday there was meeting between tho Directors of tl Atlantic and French Broad Valley Ra: rand, Mr. King, of tho Kentucky Ce tral, and a railroad broker from Nt York. It was agreed that thc roi should be transferred to tho Keutucl Central on a guarantee Hint it shall I completed within three years to Cur I orland Gnp where it is to unite with tl road to Morristown and thence to Kim ville. Tho road is to bo built in sectioi Thc money is to be advanced for tl first section, that is to bo morigagc and the bonds will bo placed, it is co fidontly stated by thc broker, at 70 cen on the dollar. Subsequent sections, I says, can be placed at 90 cents. Tl building of this road within three yea is now beyond n reasonable doubt, bill run from Aiken, through Edgefie to Abbeville, Due West, Bolton ni Eosley over the mountains. This ia certainly good newB for tl friends of tho Atlantic and From Broad, and whenever the transfer of tl line is mado to tho Kentucky Central, I will be observed that it lins not yet bei dono,) wo shall expect to see it bu ?oro5? the E!us RidL ? in n ?eijf abc time. Tao Directors of this Compai aro making every effort to secure tl completion of their lino nt the carlie possiblo day, and from all appenranc are not working in vain. Greenville city, tho News Bays, ci Bb aro in the joy of tho friends of t road, from tho fact that it ia contei I plated to run a branch line from the ci to tap the main lino of tho road at sot point, we presumo between Williamtt and Easly. The yews says agaiu that ithas"tru worthy information that tho South Ct olina Railroad will push tho Fren Broad Valley Railroad from some poi on its track near Augusta to Anderso and there have been intimations tb proper inducements and co-operation w insure direct communication with Grce ville." Also, that it bas received t positive "statement directly from a hi] official of the Clydo Syndicate that t Bluo Ridga Railroad will certainly built to Rab?n Gap, and that il is i tended to make tho main line by Grce ville, Laurens and Newberry, if t Greenville and Laurens Road can obtained, to Columbia, and use the pr< ent road from Newberry up as a branch "I AM NOl' KAI) ! I AM NOT MAI) !" Tin- Speech WliUii Guiteau rrcji?rcd for The Jury, WASHINGTON, I). C., January io. Thc following has bein furnished for fublicalion to the New York Associated .ress : Gentlemen: I have the honor here with to transmit my speech. It is an historical document, and I desire it sent broadcast to I lie American Nation. I am not certain that Judge Cox will allow me lo deliver it, but i rend ii to my countrymen, and they and thc President of the United Slates, if necessary, will finally adjudicate this case. I haw an encomium on .Judge Cox at the close of the speech which I allow to stand, but ? do not think it possible on mature reflec tion that bo really intend- to gag me and prevent my delivering the speech. If he does his name will go into history blackened as n gag law man. I am sure that the able Chief Justice and his asso ciates who represent the Washington Court rn l.-iw will spit with scorn upon the position of Judge Cox, and I am sure that the high-toned men of thc na tion will d-j likewise, because I nm my own counsel, und it is infamous if I am not permitted to address thc jury when my life is at sta!:?-. I would not trust th. best mau in America to close my case. I take nu stock in Messrs. Scoville und Heed's theory of this defence. 1 re moved the President and thin speech contains my defence, and it should be read by eve:;* American, and I desire you to give it thc widest publicity by printing it in its entirety. I have the honor to be yours, Ac., CHAS, (it'l l KAT. Cn ?ted .States Jail, Washington D. C., January 10. The speech which accompanies this letter makes ten or twelve thousand words, but contains very little which is either new or important. The fir.-', part of it is a mere repetition of Guitcau's Christmas address which has already had a wide publication. Of thc remainder the following extracts give a fair idea. After reviewing the history of the con flict between tho Stalwarts and the Half breeds Guiteau says : "Soon alter Robertson's appointment the Republican party began to heat, "his was about thc middle of May. Ry the first of June it was red hot. I?y th*: first of July it was nt white heat. If this spirit lind not been killed by thc President's removal, thc nation would soon have been in a llame of civil war. Our late rebellion cost the nation nearly a million of men and a billion of money, and it desolated the hearthstones of the Republic. To prevent a repetition of tliis desolation tho removal of tho late President was necessary. Ry his remo val thc Republican party was cemented and thu nation to day is happy ami pros perous. To day I sutler in bonds because I had the inspiration and nerve to re move the President that the Nation might live, but I expect you, gentlemen of the jury, will remove these bonds to tile end that I go forth it freo and vindi cated man. Tliat is what you are herr for i?nd I ask you to liberate mc. Tell tho American people that you find no evil in me and that my inspiration caine from tho Deity, nnd that He and He alono is responsible for the President's removal. "I now review this case since July 2, and call special attention to thc nets ol the Deity wherein He lias taken special (laius to protect me and confirm my in spirntion, to thc end that all men maj see, and seeing may believe in my inspi ration." After re viewing again the history ol the weeks which immediately pr?c?d?e the assassination of the President am! the motives which impelled him to tin murder, Guiteau says : "I never had thi slightest doubt ns to tuc Divine authority for tho act or the necessity for it. Ai opportunity enmc and I shot him on J uh 2d. Not being a marksman, ho lingered until September HUh, when ho passer quietly and gently away. The Lort thereby confirmed my inspiration. Then wna upn??nt providence in hi"? dying ii New Jersey. I undertake to say tba tho Deity allowed him to dio there tt protect me from tho possibility of lega liability for simply executing His will Should this jury rnminmii mn tn lin bung which is hardly possible in view of tin facts appearing in this trial, tho DeitJ lins probably fixed thc law so that theil verdict cannot bo legally enforced. It i; tho opinion of sonic of the nblest mein hers of this bar that this court lins tx jurisdiction to try this case. This poin will bo pressed if necessary in arrest o judgment. Rut I expect you, gentlemei of the jury, to justify tho act. You an here to vind?calo my inspiration, yoi aro here to say that I never would havi shot the President on my personal nc count. This is tho literal truth, nm now I propose to call your attention ti other acts of the Deity confirming ni} inspiration. I went to tho Raltimon and Potomac depot on tho 2d of July and shot the President twice. Only out ball took effect. I would not do it ngaii for one million of dollars. It waa tin Most insane, foolhnrdy act possible. N* one but a madman could have done it but ? would have tlono it any time afto Juuo 1st if I had known I was to be --ho the next moment. I had no power tr. prevent it. My free agency was entirely destroyed. I was in duress. In law any ont under duress is not responsible for his acts On this ground I ask you to acquit n.e How do we know yen aero uhder du ress f My word for it. No one else cai: know this fact but the Deity and mo I know it, thc Deity knows it, ami tin Deity has taken special pain* to thus fai protect nie. If it bc truo absolutely thal Providence and I saved the Nation, whj should I not bo a hero and thc equal ol Washington and Lincoln and Grant 1 Many people aro beginning to see that 1 havo saved thc Nation. Feeling wai against me, but this trial has dcvelopec my motivo and my inspiration, and to day thc people consider mo n patriot and a great man. Tho prosecution have mach a great flourish with their insane experts Thc only insanity in this ca'o is whnl those experts call transitory mania, thal is tho Abraham stylo of insanity. There aro thirty-eight casca of Abrahnmic in sanity in tho Miltie, that is of illegal killing resulting from tho possession ol transitory mania by divino authority If a single man on this jury has th< slightest tloubt as to whether I fired thal snot on my own personal account, or ru tho agent of tho Deity, he is bound under tho ?nw to give mo thc benefit o: tho doubt and acquit me. The proseen tion have attempted to show by theil paid experts that I was not suffering fron: transitory mania at tho timo I fired or the President, but what do they know about it? Absolutely nothing. Had 1 plenty of money I could get r>0 reputable experts to swear I was insane absolutely at that time. I take no stock in th": shaj/o of thc head, or the hang of thc tongue or in the opinion of experts or either side of this issue. I leavo mj justification to God and tho Americat people, and to-day, six months after tin shot was fired, tho Doily has repeatedly confirmed the net as indicated by my ex perienco as set forth in this speech, ant the American people are satisfied to le this prosecution go by default, and tba is tho way you will probably let it go.' Guiteau then quotes in extenso a larg? number of letters which he claims ti havo received from tho American peopb approving his act, and gives extract frorri tho prayers of a number of proini ncnt clergymen after Garfield's death ti show that in their opinion it was God' will that ho should dio. The addrea closes with a eulogy on Justico Cox ant tho following : "In gcnoral I am satisfice with your Honor's proposed instructions but I would humbly suggest that .he jun bo charged ns follows : 'That if they be Jove that I believed it was right for rai to remove the President because I hat snccial Dh inc authority for ho doing, they will acquit me on the ground that I wau overpowered by thc Deity, that ?a that I was wa? suffering from transitory mania.' Your Honor lias suggested that the law of jurisdiction in this case may be different from what t-oiiic of thc lend ing Washington lawyers say it is. Should it be necessary lo have your Honor pass finally on this issue, I expect we shall find plenty pf authority to abow that your Honor has ll O jurisdiction. I am also of opinion that the court in bane will so decide if necessary. The judi ciary of this district is not surpassed by that of tho ablest judiciary in the Union. Chief Fusticc Carter i-> the peer of any Justice i II the American bench, and so arc hi- sociales ; and now, gentlemen, I must clo^e. Two months ago you left your homes and loved ones to listen to this case. I havo no doubt but you have given it your most solemn and prayerful attention, and that your verdict will be 'Not guilty as charged in the indictment,' and now, gentlemen, I leave this case with you. At the last great day you and all men will -'.and in the presence of the Deity, crying for mercy and justice. As yon act hero, so bo your final abode in the great hereafter. I beg you do not get the Deity down on you by meddling with tho case. I beg you for your own sakes and for tho sake of thc American people and for tho sake of generations yet unborn that you let this ease alone. You cannot alford to touch it. Let your verdict be that it was the Deity's act, not minc. When the President was shot his Cabinet telegraphed to foreign nations that it was the act of 'a madman,' and it will be fur better every way thal it bc officially decided that it was the act of 'u madman.' " THU VIEWS OF A VKTEK AN. What Hi?' Vetioralila <Jov. furry Think* <?r tho Slttiiitlun. Interview in News nnd Vomir,-. GREENVILLE, .S. C., Jan. '.>. Your correspondent in a recent inter view with Gov. Ii. F. Perry, of Ibis city, elicited an expression of his views in re gard to various questions of public in terest. Tho following questions and an swers give the gist of the interview : Question : I see your name mentioned as a candidate for Governor in thc com ing election ? Answer: I have retired from public life and never expect to hold an office again under the State or Federal Govern ment. My nomination for thc office of Governor was without my knowledge, and must have boen merely complimen tary, not expecting that it would bo taken into consideration by tho Demo cratic Convention. I feel, however, ns I always have, a deep intere-t in the poli tics of my country. Thirty years in the prime ol' my life I labored most assidu ously to stave off ibo issue of Secession, which I knew would bc most disastrous to thc Stato. Put when the issue was made I felt it my duty to go with thc Southern States, believing in the sacred principle ol" tho D?claration of American Independence, that every people had n right to chango or alter their form ol government. I fought with great zeal thc tyranny and oppression of the recon structed government in South Carolina, and exposed tho infamy, roguery and oppressive taxation of thc Radical re gime. I labored incessantly in the Dem ocratic struggle of '7<?, which was crowned with success. Question : What do you think of Hit political outlook for South Carolina ii: tho next election. Arc thc Democrats to have a walk-over, or will there ht Republican resistance or Indcpendentism or both ? Answer: I think well of "the pol?tica' outlook of South Carolina in the nexl election." I will not suffer myself tc believe for a moment that the pcopb will abandon the honest nnd patriotic fovcrnmcnt under which they are nov iving prosperously ir.id happily and re turn to Radical rule. Tho rogues am scoundrels who governed tho State foi seven or eight years nnd seduced thc colored people ure no longer here, nm most of them fled the Stnte to escape thl Penitentiary. There is not material a present in tho Radical party to form i State ticket in the next election. Then will be, no doubt, some opposition io tin Democratic party in several of tho coun ties in thc election of members of Hu Legislature and county officers. I dono believe that any "Independent" move mont can seriously injure the Democrats party in South Carolina. There is to< much virtuo, intelligence and patriotisn in tho people to abandon the Democrats party on account of any objectionabli act of our Legislature. Their own inter cst and the honor of the State will for bid it. Question : You have doubtless notice? what is called Hie "Fishburno fiasco" tho political summersault of Mr. Fish burne, tho Senator from Colleton. Di you consider it a deliberate move towan Maboneism in tho State, or does it pro ceed merely from a heated imagination or simply from a desire for notoriety ? Answer: Tho "Fishburno fiasco' amounts to nothing. There always wil bo in every community certain person who have ?ost their popularity, or neve had nny, who will strive to form net parties for thc purpose of getting offic or position for themselves. Hut thei motives will be soon checkmated. Ma bono succeeded in Virginia by appcal'uij to the pecuniary interest of tho tax pay ors, wno were oppressed with a mos onerous State debt. There is no sud lever for tho demagogue to wield in Soutl Carolinn. The Fence law lins Leci passed, nnd nil sensible men will sooi experience its wisdom and utility. Question: What is your view of tin exodus of tho colored people from Edge field, Laurens nnd other counties of th State? What will bo the effect thereo and the remedy therefor? Answer: I think tho exodus of Lie colored people has been greatly exagge rated. Politically it is au advantage' ti tho good government of the State. Fi nancially it may affect certain neighbor hoods. Hut it will give tho farmers nm fdanters an opportunity of resting thei ands and sowing them in small grain There will bo labor onough left to culti vate judiciously all of our lands. Tb colored people have been most infamous ly fooled, and they arc going to their owi ruin, suffering nnd starvation, as thc; dill in th/>ir nmicrrnt?nu In T.iliorio on. Kansas. I have great sympathy with th colored people, hut no nationT with thei credulity and ignorance. I have oflei proposed to them that if they wooli como over and join tho Democratic part; in voting for honest and sensible mei that wo would share with them tho office of the State. But they prefer to unit themselves with unprincipled men wh give them no offico and uso them only t get into office themselves. Question : There is pending boforo th Legislature a bill to provide for Ibo reg iatration of voters, what do you think o the provisions of tho bill and tho prc priety of a chango in tho election law of the State at this juncture ? Answer : I am in favor of a Regis dation law, but do not like the provis ions of the bill reported by tho commit tee. Every voter ought to register an vote in hisown township. This will prc venta great many frauds in tho election; Question : What do you think of th propriety of calling a Constitution! Convention ? ' Answr : I tm in favor of a Constitu tiona! 'Convention to mako a now Cor ititution for tho State. It ia a disgrac to the Stato to bo voluntarily living ur ?or a Constitution formed for Soul Carolina by negroes, carpetbaggers an icalawags. Every Southern State ha repudiated such a Constitution excer South Carolina. Let us have pride an ??onor enough to follow their examph The proposed Constitutional amine nents made by a coramittco aro objet tionable. Tho election of judges for life or during good behavior in u Repub lican government is radically wrong and anti Republican. In England formerly the judges were appointed by the Crown and held the tenure of their oflices du ring the pleasure of the King. This was very bad, and in more modern times created a furor for au independent ju diciary, which was accomplished. The judiciary of England is now indepen dent of the Crown, which is right and proper. Hut in South Carolina lhere is no necessity for the judges to be inde pendent of the people any more than for the Governor and nil State officers to be independent of them. What a horrible state of affairs it would have been to have had such men as Wright and all the other Radical judges in office for life after the Democrats won the government of the State? If n judge makes a good oflicer, at the expiration of his term of office he will in all prob ability be re-elected, r id if he is not a good judge he ought to be turned out. Tn a Republic all pu'oiic officers should be responsible to the people, judges as well as governors and members of the Legislature. Thc Governor's Message Approving (he Stock Law. STATE or SOUTH CAROLINA, EXECUTIVE CHAMBER, Col.r.MMA, S. C., January ll, 1 ?82. Gentlemen of the General Assembly: I herewith return with my approval thc Act to provide a general stock law ?ind regulate the operations of the same. In doing so I desire to accompany thc approval willi some comment. Thc Agricultural Departmental Wash ington, in an elaborate and carefully prepared report, in 1871, upon the cos? of farm fences in the United States esti mated the cost of such fences io Soutl Carolina at ?21 ,l.'iti,S00. Reforc am since 1971 some of thc most nccurati agricultural writers of the State havi established thc fact that the averagi cost for boundary fences alone in thi State is about i l for every acre enclosed I have not the figures of the census re ccntly taken, but previously thc numbe of ncres of improved lands in Soutl Carolina wits put at 4,000,000 acre? This gives thc sum of $10,000,000 as th cost of our boundary farm fences, and i corroborative of thc estimate of til United States Agricultural Department which includes cross ns well as boundar fences. Thc duration of thc ordinary rail felic of tho country is Known not to excec ten years. Willi therefore nu annus d?pr?ciation of 10 per cent, upon tb capital, and interest at 7 per cent, upo tho investment, it clearly appenrs thu the annual cost of boundary fences t our agricultural industry exceeds !?2,70( 0(10. The Stale and County taxes levied fe all purposes for thc last fiscal year, s shown by tho Comptroller's book: amounted to 91,308,816. It is therefore apparent that thc abol tion of boundary fences saves annuall to thc agricultural industry twice r much money as is paid in taxes by a the industries of the State combined. In view of the fuels and figures I hav given, tho general scope anti object ( the Act I return to you meets with m approval. I regard it as eminently wis and judiciously progressive There is feature in it, however, which does ni commend itself to me, and which is nc necessary to the accomplish incut of tl object sought. You will permit me I call your attention to it, and suggest i removal by supplementary legislation. Common of" pasturage on unenclosc land is a feature in our public policy ci oval with our history, and has prevaile unimpaired with us until a very recei period. Along with it came our law < enclosures, which the law under consii oration so fundamentally changes. Con mon of pasturage was the right of evei citizen to graze his animals upon tl unenclosed (which was then synonymoi with his unimproved) lands of his ucigl bor. It was a right founded not only i a supposed public policy, but in abstra equity. The theory of our law of re estate is that in the origin of social o ganization all lands belouged to the pei plc in common. When they began i parcels to be assigned to individuals, was, except perhaps in some few case upon broad grounds of general benefi to accrue; that thus assigned they won become improved nnd through taxatir add to tho general welfare. The grants from the State to ihe ind vidual were all free, and there was i other consideration than this involve No present proprietor, whatever sum 1 has paid for his title, can stand on high ground than thc original grantee fro tho State through whom bc claim Until now it has not been sought by le] ishltion to place him higher. When 1 improved his lands and fenced them, ; existing legislation required, lie wi carefully protected by law from i nt rusk by men ?ir animals. When he failed improve his lands, and left them uno closed, though paying his taxes on thc at their unimproved rate, the law protc ted him in the enjoyment ot such vail ns he derived from them-the use of i timber and water. Rut that value wliic was left, i. c., tho right of pasturag which he had not appropriated by* ii provement, was left to public enjoymcn The first infringement upon this comme of pasturage by our Legislature occurr< in 18G0, when it was enacted that eve; entry on the enclosed or uneuclosi lands of another, after notice from tl owner or tennnt prohibiting the sam should bo a misdemeanor. Tiic Act, which wo nro now discussin goes further and absolutely abolish common of pasturage. It makes it trespass for the owner of any live stoi to permit it to run at largo " beyond tl limits of his own land. While thc lands of much tho larg part of our Slate are devoted to agiicu turo, thero remain sections in which it not so. Small arcas arc there high improved and devoted to profitable eu Lure, while the larger portion remains ? tt state of nature and affords only wot md water and a pasture of limited valu Even in tho most highly improve i?tions portions of the country a ivaste, anti thero would seem to bo neitl :-r policy or propriety in forbidding he general public tho consumption i ibo pasturage on tlieso lands which tl Mtrnni* ?1...... ?i r?I ...... IT - -2-*^ ^ die consumption of which does not in pair tho value of tho lands themselve It seems to me, therefore, thal tho A o provide a general stock law is seriou ly defective in abolishing common pasturage, and should bn amended uo :o restore this ancient right while retai ng all tho economical atlvrniages pr posed by the Act. Let common of pasturage bo reston ipon all unimproved lauds, properly el ining what constitutes improved lane] ind require np fences around improvi ands to protect them from trespass ? nen or animals. The account bet wei he landholder and tho gr ne ral publ viii then be fairly adjusted upon equit >lo principles. Tho landholder will ha io unnecessary burden imposed upe lim in tho development and enjoyme )f the property upon which ho pa, axes; and tho non-landholder wilie oy that right which remains from tl inginal general fund, and has not bei ippropriated by thc grantee through tl mnrovemcnt contemplated in tho grar Observe now withsuch amendment tl ipcration of tho law. The ogricultur ondholdcr is relieved of tho heavy bu len of fencing of which ho complair Thc pastoral landholder or the non-Ian loldcr is deprived of no right which 1 mssesscd. Ile may still have tho post al uso of all waste Innda ; ho is only i |uircd, in so using them, not to abu lis neighbor. While pasturing his ste* ipon his neighbor's waste lands, ho lot to pasturo them upon his noighbo: crot?. Thal ?a all; ai??l '"rely unies? the ownership of land couler* extraor dinary rights, there is no iniquity in toe requisition. . A system of individual or co operative herding, -utirely practicable aud com paratively inexpensive, as evidenced n thc experience of other countries, nil taketh, place of our present inefficient and expensive svstcm ot enclosures, ana wo will as a people soou recognize the palace of thc stock law as an era in our progress. JOHNSON HAOOOD, ? Governor. Stale News. - A barkeeper in the city of Green ville was arrested on Wednesday for sell ing liquor to a woman. - The new Methodist Church of Wal halla is rapidly approaching completion, and will be a grand improvement on thc old building. - A petition is circulatiog in Chester praying the passage of a law prohibiting thc sale of spirits within the town of Chester. - There are over 1,200 l?ales of cotton stored in thc town of Chester, aud it is estimated that there are 5,000 bales yet unsold in the county. - The "wet" ticket was elected at Greenwood on Monday, 9th inst., by a r.et majority of twelve votes. - Mr. I. Gittelson, of Abbeville, has made an assignment. Liabilities ?9,000 nominal assets ."?7,00", actual assets $3,000, preferred creditors $2,000. H. S. Barnwell, assignee. - Charlotte Fleming, colored, who died last week at Elias Thompson's, near I Spartauburg Court House, was supposed to be 1 IC years bid. - Several cans of typhoid fever aro reported in thc vicinity of Abbevillo Court House. - Large shipments of cotton sect' ,rc made from Abbeville. - The Medium says that James S. Wilson, thc young man who so unac countably went away from Abbeville a short tiuie ?go, was in Washington on tiic 9th and "called on Congressman D. Wyatt Aiken. He will doubtless bc back with his excellent wife and children in a few days. - The election for Intendant and Wardens of Hock Hill on Monday, Otb inst., involved the issue whether fertil izers should be allowed to be stored in the business portion of tbe town, or re quired to bc confined in warehouses to be built beyond the incorporate limits. The anti-guano ticket was elected as fol lows : Intendant, J. H. Allen ; Wardens, Et. J. Hagins, J. W. Kewell, T. C. Heck ham, J. C. Witherspoon. - Mrs. Lizzie Gray, wife of Mr. L. I. Gray, while making a straw broom, near Carterville, Darlington county, went too near the fire and caught fire, and before help came her clothing was entirely con sumed. She lived about thirty-eight hours, suffering intensely, and rational until a few moments before lier death. -She leaves a husband and one child. - Early in the morning of thc 13th inst., in Chester, aa Deputy Sheriff W. E. Walker was making his round in tho I jail, he was seized by two prisoners, Joe Weldon and Bill Washington, who were confined for larceny. After a desperate struggle Walker succeeded iu getting II?B hand on his pistol and shot one of the prisoners in his back. The other rushed down stairs, but was overluken by an other pistol ball, which settled the com bat. Both prisoners arc in n critical condition. - Forty colored emigrants, most of them women and children, passed through Greenville on Thursday last. They were under the leadership of S. T. Cook, came from the neighborhood of Chick Springs, and were on their way to Little Rock. - Ir. inc H. Philpot, ex-Probate Judge of Pickens county, was tried on Tuesday at Pickens C. H., before Judge Aldrich, and convicted of malfeasance in office! He was srntenced to one year in the Pen i > ?t nur - Calvin Hird, cob,red, tho driver of Messrs. F. W. Wagener & Co.'s heavy truck, fell od" on Saturday and was run over by the truck, receiving injuries from which he flied. - Five- negroes escaped from Newber ry jail last Tuesday night by breaking a bolt and letting themselves to the giound by blankets. They lind been sent up for trial next term of Sessions on the charges of assault, bigamv, burglary and larceny. Their names nre : Jake Howers, Jim Cl arv, Bola Bonds, Warren Kinard nnd Jordan Kinard. - Col. D. F. Hradley, of Pickens, is just now being prominently mentioned as a candidate for Secretary of State, and is regarded as n strong candidnte for Hint position by his friends in Pickens and I others outside of that county. - Edward F. Sisson, agent of the Missouri Pacific Ha?road, has been in terviewed nt Chattanooga about the South Carolina exodus. He says thnt of one hundred pcoplo enrolled at Newberry only fifty could pay their fare to Kansas after selling out all they possessed. He snys the railroads have mndo no specinl efforts to induco the emigration, only responded to calls, and adds thr.t the western farmers who wauted the colored labor are now stocked with it, and the demand is over. - A dispatch from Kansas City dated January 16, says: This morning a hackmnn who went into Frank Simona's store on West Fifth street to make a pur chase found tho body ot the proprietor on the floor with two terriblo gashes in tho back of his head. An nx was lying nenr, with tho butt end covered with blood. Simons had considerable money, and a note of receipt found on Iiis desk would indicate that he was in the net of making a loan when murdered. His pockets were empty and turned iusido out. Suspicion attaches to Jack Fitz Maurice, alias Wild Jack, between who and Simons there bad been trouble. Fitz Maurice was recently appointed city pound keeper and bad seized Simon's NOTICE FINAL SETTLEMENT. ". Tiie undersigned, Guardian of Anna k,. W ardlaw, ncc Duckworth, hereby ei voa notice that ho will, on thc 18th day of Feb ruary next, apply to the Judge of Probate ?C.AVder2?n ?ountyforaFinal Settlement with bis Ward, and for a final discharge from said Guardianship. T"n in\??DUCKW?ltTH. Guardian, ?an 19, 1882 27 5? Copartnership Notice. rriHE nndereigned having purchased tho T r> S * Gooda ftml Merchandise of J. K. *nnt & Co will conduct tho business at thc same stand, under tho lirra name of ?iw&n? * ^ Patronage is solicited from the public at large C. F. JONES, Jan lb. 1882 ^ &WEIjB. MILLING NOTICE. I AHmf7x)v'pfr^^..^i.nd MEAL and Thnrs.Uv !wniBl sniy Mfll ln Town evcry u?n?o?heMuin *T my rCrSOnal aUcn" Sjjpi) mu?T l.,O1>0 to ,,ftV0 a c?TTON 11?. ln operation, and will bo _J.nl9.18*. J^7 TOWNSEND. Don't Overlook This. T>EKSOXS indebted to me for Fertilizers C^toa"<or^PePCa!hWU1 *lT*>T*?? their October 0,1881 W.F.BARR, GUANOS ! GUA FERTILIZERS 1 FERTIL! ACID, KAIMT* FOR THE SEA mil F undersigned oilers to the trade the fo I the LOWEST PRICE, either for Cash, tilies either at Donaldsville, Honea Path, He! Equitable Ammoniated Bone Equitable Acid Phospi Pee Dee Fertilize Pee Dee Aci Accabe A ItAIM?, OU Ci IS RH AX VOTA part of our State for Composting, and makes contains 23 to 27 per cent, of Sulphate of Pol excellent Fertiliser, hut ns n preventive to ru vinces! ol its superiority. Also, SOUTHERN CHEMICAL CO.'S 1 turc of superior Fertilizers for Cotton. G-iO 1 being BUfflciont to make one Ton Fertilizer r and Potash. Don't fail to try some of this ] take into count its price. isa. Call and get formulas circulars, posh Jan li?, 1S.S2 27 DISSOLUTION. j TlIE Copartnership heretofore existing under the name and finn of BLECKLEY, BROWN A CO. was this day dissolved by consent, and all claims due them will be found in the ham' of their successors for collection. BLECKLEY, BROWN & CO. Anderson C. H., S. C., Jan. 9, 1882. HAVING this day formed a partnership r.s the successors of the late firm above, we will continue the Mercantile, Cotton and Guano Business at the old stand, where wo hope still to merit u fair share of the public patronage. The Noies, Accounts, Ac., of the old firm will be found in our hands, and must be settled up nt thc very earliest practicable day. Very respectfully, BLECKLEY, BROWN A FRIST WELL. Anderson C. H., S. C.. Jan. 13.1881, Master's Sale. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, GREENVILLE COUNTY. In Hie Court Common Picas. Jane C. McFall, ct al., against William IS. Sullivan, et al. BY virtue of a decretal order made in the above entitled cause, I will sell on SALESDAY IN FEBRUARY, 1882. during the legal hours, at ANDERSON COURT HOUSE, at public outcry, all of the real estate of John C. Sullivan, de ceased, situate, lying and being in thc Coun ty of Andersonand the State aforesaid, about one-half of a mile from Williamston, bounded by lands of-Holliday, Thom as Cox and others, comprising about one hundred and fifty-six acres. The said real estate will be subdivided and sold in small tracts. Plats of the same will be exhibited on the day of sale. TERMS.-One-third of the purchase mon ey will be required in cash, the bnlance on a credit of one and two years, with interest from day of sale, the credit portion to be secured by bonds of the purchasers, with mortgages of the premises. Purchasers to pav for papers. S. J. DOUTHIT, Master. Jan 10, 1883_27_3 MASTER'S SALE, STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, AN PERSON CotJNTT In the Court of Common Pleas. Warren A. Carlee, Plaintiff, vs. Falby A. Hammond, Juda C. Elrod, ct al., Defen dants.- Complaint for ?kile of Land, dr. BY virtue of an order to me directed by bis Honor J. S. Cothran, Judge of the 8th Circuit, and bearing date the 4th of January, 1882, I will sell nt Anderson CH., cd, to wit : TRACT NO. 1, containing eighty acres, more or less, situate in Williamston Town ship, in the County and State aforesaid, and adjoining lands of Newt. Williams, Adam Elrod and others. TRACT Js'O. 2, containing twelve and one-half acres, more or less, situate in about three miles of Williamston, in Coun ty und State aforesaid, mid adjoining lands of Dr. B. F. Brown, Thoa. Anderson and others. TERMS OK SALE-One-third cash, and the remainder on a credit of twelve months, With interest from day of sale, secured by bond and mortgage of the premises, with leave to the purchaser to anticipate pay ment at any time. Purchaser to pay extra for all necessary papers. W. W. HUMPHREYS, Master. Jan 12, 1882_ 20 4 Sale of Lot and Land Situate in Pendleton, S. C. WILL bo sold before the Court House door at Anderson, 8. C., on the Otb day of February next, (SALESDAY,) to tho highest bidder, for partition, two Lots, known as the residence of the late W. D. C. Daniels, deceased : HOUSE and LOT, containing three and one-sixteenth acres, more or loss, and known in the plan of the eaid Villngo as out-lot No. 26, more fully described in deed from John Headen to 8. E. Daniels and others, dated :?h October, 1830, and record ed in Book "V," pages 237 and 238. Also, the nine nnd one-half acres of Land, adjoining, and more fully described m deed from Tully Bolling and Ann Bar low to James M. Daniels and others, dated 22(1 January, 1842, and recorded in book "Y." pages 48 and 49. Terms Cash. Purchaser to pay five dol lars extra for papers. COLUMBUS WARDLAW. rn,, io io?. BV?ial Trustee, Ac _'- - -, - ?i 4 FRESH GARDEN SEED, ORR & SLOAN. ONION SETS, ORR A 8LOAN. BUIST'S SEED POTATOES, ORR A SLOAN. VACCINE VIRUS, ORR A SLOAN. Jan 19, 1882 27 N?w Crop^N. 0. Malassb?, Ji:sT RECEIVED and for salo by NOS! GUANOS! HERS ! FERTILIZERS! SD CHEMIC A ALS LSON OP 1?82. (lowing Standard Fertilizers, Acids Av? Time or in Cotton, delivered in anyaoanK lion. Anderson, Pendleton or Seneca City Phosphate of Lime, late, r, id, G Fertilizer, ccabee Acid, Peruvian Acid, LSII SAI/TS, used largely in thc low? the best of goods at the lowest prices lt :osh, and hence is regarded not only as an st in Cotton. Tris?me of it, and be con. .ERFECT CHEMICALS for tho manutv bs. Chemicals put up in bags-No. 1,2 andi Ich In Soluble Phosphoric Acid, Ammorii ?reparation, as it will v-ay you, when jon ?rs, ?tc., ic, . J". BAKEB. 2m O. M. JONES. A. C. 8TBICKLJ.KP, DENTISTRY. T~>RS. JONES & STRICKLAND bavin* Ur recently formed a copartnership tn now prepared to do all kinds of Denthtn at short notice. Will use nothing bat first' class material, and guarantee flrst-cl&a work. Broken Flutes mended in three hours, good as new. Vulcanite or Rubber Plates delivered within seven hours aft? the impression is taken. Sets or partial Plates on Gold, Silver or Platina very lov, All operations reduced to correspond with the times. Promptness a specialty. OFFICE-On Brick Range, over Miss Sallie Bowie's Store. Jan 12, 1882_20_3m THE SPRUNG SESSION OF THE Williamston Female College WILL OPEN ON MONDAY, FEB. 6, 1882. TX entering upon the eleventh year of ita iL life and labors, the Institution tenden hearty thanks to the generous public for thc liberal patronage of the past, and prom' ises to sparc no effort to make itself more worthy of confidence than ever. 8evenl new improvements aro already introduced, and others still are in contemplation. En courage home enterprise, and give usa trial. For particulars, address Rev. 8. LAU DER, A. M., D. D., President, William ston, S. C. Jan 5, 1882_25_ i SCHOOL FOR YOUNG LADIES. MRS. C. R. MURRAY w'llopenather residence, on Monday, tee 16th dir of January, 1882, a School for Young la dies. Tho scholastic year will bs divided into three terms of thirteen woiks eui. The price of tuition, Including Frendi, Latin and lessons in Primary Drawly, will be from $ti to $12 per term, accoriiir to thc studies pursued. Instruction ir. Ho sie on the Piano and Organ $13.33} jw terra. Boarding, in good families. CUM obtained for $10 per mimili, incladvigtigati and fuel, exclusive of washing. C. R. Si UHR AY. Jnn 5, 1832 25_3 School for Small Children, MUS. T. C. LIGO% will open ber School for small children on Mon day. 9th day January, 1882, in the S ajol bouse near Gen. Humphreys' residence,? Whittier Street. TERMS-$8.00 per tomof twenty weeks. ?ST~ Full credit willi? given for all public money received. Dec 22, lo81_24_P_ Notice to Fiduciaries. A LL Administrators, Executors, and -tjL other Fiduciaries who by law are re quirt d to make their returns to th6 Judge of Probate. p.:e hereby notified to do ?oda ring the mouth of January, or thopenaltla of the law will he enforced. W. W. HUMPHREYS, Judge of Probate. Jan 5, 1882 2b _4 BROWN BROS. Is the place to buy your goods. They are deter mined not to be undersold by any firm in Anderson, nor the Up-Country, during the present year. Give them a call and bi convinced of what they sty Jan 2,1882. HIRAM SIBLEYS Cft ?Will maU S?UEE their lone for 188S, ?o?t*l5Wi,,f full descriptivo Trico - List or Slower, Meld and Gardon . ^ SEEDS Bulba, Ornamental Or???;* NOTICE TO CREDITORS All persona having ciaI"**?* tho Estate of John Gcnrjp, decei*?^ notified to present them, property.I? ^ to tho undersigned, within tho tim" p scribed by law. . , , t. inn?in'* G. F. TOLLY, Adm'r. de lona^ Jan 12, 1882 36