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1 jJHiscrUanrous grading. "MECHANICAL MOLE." Invention of Toxaa Man May bo Uaod m to Dig Channel Tunnel. Should England and France agree upon construction of the proposed tunnel beneath the English channel to connect Dover with Calais and other continental cities, it is possible that "Dana's Mechanical Mole," the invention of Frank L. Dana, chief clerk of ** ** A KrHcrp dADart me nouaiuu suvn ?0. ( ment, will figure In the work. The London Daily Mail, In a recent issue, said Mr. Bonar Law proposed to approach the French government with a view of beginning immediately construction of the channel tunnel to provide work for discharged soldiers. The tunnel will be about thirty-two * miles long, including approaches. When America entered the war in 1917. Mr. Dana, who is or an inventive y> turn of mind, conceived a machine the use of which would enable the Allies 1 quickly to construct and connect an un- ' dorground system of tunnels or trenches, and which could also be used in 1 "sapping" under the German trenches 1 in order to blow them up with high ex- ' plosives. He communicated details of ' his machine to Newton D. Baker, secrv of war. who acknowledged its < practicability. Owing to governmen- 1i tal "red tape" no arrangements fori.' utilization of the machine as a war 11 instrument were concluded. 11 With the announcement by England |< of her determination to connect theli island with the continent of Europe, 11 Mr. Dana conceived the idea of com-J( municating with Sir Authur Fell, mem- 11 ber of the house of commons, and I < chairman of the committee in charge I ] of preliminary arrangements for the l.j tunnel. He described his machine and I i submitted tentative outlines of how the I < work could be accomplished by use of IJ his mechanical mole," application for a 11 patent for which is now pending in the 11 United States office. I; Sir Authur Fell responded with in-1 terest, and asked for further details of I Mr. Dana's machine, and for estimates I < of cost of the tunnel. They were pre- |i pared and sent to Sir Arthur, and Mr. 11 Dana now 9.waits reply from England I r announcing whether or not his machine I ( will be used in making the underground 11 boring through a strata of chalk. I < The proposal of Mr. Dana was that a 11 prospect of pilot tunnel of about seven 11 c and one-half feet diameter be bored h from England to France to ascertain I \ the nature of subterranean strata under I ] the channel, and also for later use in 11 tmnsnorting materials and men when 11 constructing the main tunnel. It Is ; ? proposed two of the latter be built, one for traffic from England, the other ] for traffic from the continent, each i to be about twenty feet in diameter, j Mr. Dana estimated the pilot tunnel, ? with pcwer facilities established on j both the English and French coasts, i could be driven and completed within < 100 days, while the English estimate < at least one year will be required In t the work. < The problem of conveying dirt and rock removed from the tunnel to the surface for disposal, which has long 1 proved a stumbling block in similar i projects, is also provided for in Mr. i ???? "Dana's calculation of the plan. He < would construct a series of endless i belts, operated by electric motors < placed 160 feet apart. The belt is de- i signed to run on concave pulleys, and i ( would be so placed with relation to the ; boring machine as to automatically < pick up and remove the debris as the i machine advanced. Mr. Dana estimates the total cost of constructing | the pilot tunnel would be approxl mately $4,809,000, depending largely i upon the prices of labor and materials. This cost includes a concrete reinforced lining of one-foot thickness. He ( estimates a cost of $36,542,000 for the main tunnel. Mr. Dana also includes in his plans * A ~ lfiUT. a drainage tunnei io-uc ?mcn.?..v.. er than the main tunnels, into which all seepage or other moisture would flow. The plans proposed by the English engineers also include the drainage tunnel, but 'ndicate that the latter would be an adaptation of the pilot tunnel. j Mr. Dana has offered to go to England and set his plans before the English engineers, provided his expenses are paid. The practicability of his machine has been repeatedly attested by engineers, two of whom, representing machinery houses, have offered to purchase the patent and provide royalties. Former City Engineer E. F. , Sands said if he had had a mapatterned after Mr. Dana's model < when the city was boring the several large drainage tubes now in use, one on Austin street, $100,000 could have been saved in the work. One engineer came to Chicago to go over the specifications and offered to negotiate a purchase of the patent.? Houston Post. THE TREND OF PRICES. Otto Kahn Says There Is No Probability of a Slump. The department of labor has made public a letter received by Secretary of Labor Wilson from Otto H. Kahn of N'ew York, In which the banker expresses the belief that prices will not be materially lowered for a considerable period of years, if at all, and that for all practical purposes at least the war has brought a new level of prices, the existence of which must be recognized. Mr. Kahn's letter follows: "Prices are determined in the main by the volume of production, of consumption. and (probably more than by either of these,) of the circulating medium, i. e., currency, bank credits, &c. "1. Production. After the Civil war. the return of prices to the pre-war level, though it took thirteen years, to accomplish, was immensely, aided by > the development of entirely novel methods of production In the shape of new forms of machinery and new kinds of business organizations. No one will seriously contend that the possibilities of the immediate future for increased efficiency of novel methods in production and distribution are likely even to approach those which came between 1S65 and 1890?a period which marked the transformation of our entire business structure from hand methods to machine methods from 'pound methods' to tonnage methods.* ^ "2. Consumption. In view of the vast destruction wrought by the war and now to be made good by reconstruction, and in view of the accumulation of the demand for many things which could not be supplied during the war, demand In many fundamental lines is bound to be large and urgent for some time to come. "3. Circulating medium. The credit expansion and currency inflation of the leading countries of the world. Including our own. during the past five years has been on an entirely unprecedented scale. The process of contraction and deflation, to the extent that it is possible and likely to be approved by public opinion, will take many years. "The conclusion is inevitable that we have arrived at a new price level. This level In the early future my go somewhat lower, or it may go somewhat higher than at present prevailin>r. but it seems to me certain that there cannot be any immediate and ra- | dical recession. Those who hope for or fear materially lower prices will, I am convinced, have to wait a long time. '' CALENDAR REFORMS. Room for Better Division of the Weeks ' and Months. 1 During the past few years many Innovations, proposed long ago, have been accepted. For examples related more or less with astronomy, we have daylight saving, and the unification of the astronomical and civil days which is being put into effect. Considering that the present time affords a good opportunity to get out of ruts, the advocates of calender reform have come to the fore, particularly in France. Previous efforts to reform the civil calendar led the International Association of Academies, at its meeting in Petrograd during 1913, to pass a resolution relating to the unification and simplification of the calendar, but the outbreak of the war prevented further iction. The discussion is now revived by two plans published recently in the 3omptes Rendus, the official organ of the French Academy of Sciences. One of these is presented by Guillaume Bigourdan, who received, during the past year, the gold medal of the British Royal Astronomical society in recognition of his observations of nebuae. The other plan, which is the more radical, is urged by H- Deslandres, and s essentially the same which won. In 1887, a prize of 5,000 francs. The Proposed Division. One of the difficulties with the present calendar carrespondence between remembered correspondence uciwccu ;he days of the week and the day of the nonth. The proposition is to divide die year into four quarters, each of which shall consist of 13 weeks divided into two months of 30 days each ind one month of 31 days. According :o the plan of Mr. Deslandres, the first nonth of each quarter will begin always on Monday, the second month on Friday. Four quarters of 91 days each nake 364 days. The additional day -equired to complete the number of 165 he would insert between June and fuly with the designation of "Peace Day." "Leap Day" (in leap years) would occur at the end of December. Both of these days would be undated, ind stand entirely outside and without name in the week. He claims the advantage for this arrangement that j very year would be like every jther year, and consequently there would be no need of changing nur calendars from year to year. Mr. Bigourdan'c Plan. Mr. Blgourdan does not approve of the rupture of the continuity of the week involved in the above scheme, and as an alternative proposes that ?ach quarter consist of a first month of 31 days followed by two months of 30 days each, except that the last month of the lost quarter of the year shall have 31 days. Thus, he would make up 366 days. For leap year he would add the extra day to the last month of the third quarter- According to this plan, each quarter, for at least the first nine months of the year, would have the same days of the week on the same days of the corresponding months. Therefore, the order of the days in the several qua 'ters, with the exception of the last quarter of a leap year, would be duplicated, and this would be accomplished without breaking the continuity of the week. So much reference to the calendar is made simply to find on what day a given date will fall, it would seem worth while, if some feasible plan could be found of obviating the difficulty. It is suggested by Mr. Deslandres that for a definite solution the matter should be taken in hand by the newly-constituted league of nations. Admiral Kolchak.?News came slow1? A -A K?,t nhal thcrp la Of ly UUl U1 X\U33ia, uuw ?> ??w. - ? ? it seems to show that the thought of the world will be that of Admiral Alexander Vassilievitch Kolchak, head of the Omsk government. Admiral Kolchak after the abdication of the Tzar, supported the provisional government of Prince Lvoff, and was nearly lost when that government was overthrown by the revolution. Kolchak was then at Sebastopol, where the sailors of the Russian fleet mutinied in response to the eloquence and promises of Kerensky, and the admiral was arrested on his own flagship. Refusing to surrender his sword, he threw it into the sea, and indignantly withdrew to his cabin. A guard was posted outside the door, and the fate of the imprisoned oflicer became a serious question. The sailor soviet hesitated, but was Anally persuaded by the Bolshevist leaders that Kol chak should be executed. The decision was reversed by the personal appeal of Rear Admiral J. H. Glenr.on of the United States navy, who was In Russia as one of the members of the Elihu Root embassy, and arrived at Sebastopol just in time to prevent the execution. Kolehak was permitted to return with the American officer to I'etrograd, and shortly afterward became the head of the anti-Bolshevist movement when another provisional governmet was set up at Omsk. ? Commencing today and continuing through next Thursday, Denver, Col., expects to entertain 100,000 guests, mostly farmers, in a tent city erected for the purpose and covering 50 acres. It is the occasion of the mountain states tractor demonstration. A tract of 2,500 acres of raw prairie land adJoining the suburbs of Denver, will furnish plowing expanse and exhibition grounds for 150 tractors and the laiesi noiious 1U puvvci luim ery. The demonstration is authorized by the National Tractor Manufacturers' Association of America, and will be held under the auspices of the Civic and Commercial association and the Denver Tractor club. It is expected to show what has been accomplished by the farm machinery men since the war began, as well as the possibilities of greater cultivation in the west. Each tractor entered will be assigned severe and extensive plowing tests and its performance will be minutely recorded. It is stated that there will be $3,000,000 worth of tractors, plows, cultivators, harrows, and farm power devices of every sort on display. THE BRAINS VS. THE HANDS Widespread Manifestation We An Living in an Age of Machinery The great war has emphasized th< value of machinery in all the Industries: in fact, we live in an age of machinery. Yet less than 100 years ag< men were opposing the introduction ol machinery upon principle. The human hand is still the most wonderfu and adaptable machine. But compare he results of the old labor and the new. A hand brickmaker, assisted by fOui or five helpers, can mold about 50( bricks an hour. By hard and continuous work through a season of twentj weeks this man would pile up to his credit 500,000 bricks. This record is however, easily beaten by a brick-making machine, which, even fifty years igo, could press 1,600 bricks an hour & BOYS FROM The steamship Imperator docking the left Is Lieut. Col. Levi G. Browi right a little gray-haired mother who ret Agricultm Location and E vironment Olemson ia located on the homestead of John C. Calhoun, later of his son-in-law, Thoma Clemson- The College Is in Piedmont section of the Stat< Oconee and Pickens Counties at foot of the Blue Ridge mountains, climate is healthy and invigoratln The students are under military eminent, and every effort is mac train up young men who will r< credit upon the College and the ? Temptations to dissipate or s money foolishly are reduced to a imum. RoliainiiQ Iniln AtVM^?VMV l?i??n ences Four churches are located In community. The College coratril to the salary of the four ministers do pastoral work among the stuc as well as conduct divine ser Five Sunday Schools are largel; tended by the students. A large and modern Y. M. < building is used as a religious an cial center by the students and th< ulty. The Y. M. C. A. conducts Su night services and Bible Study cli This organization seeks to mal about the students a high mors mosphers. Requirements F Admission An honorable dlscliarge Iron iast school or college attended 1 quired. Twelve high school units req for admission to the Freshman on certificate, without examlm Scholastic requirements are giv< detail in the college catalog. No student will be admitted t\ not at least sixteen years old a time of entrance. No student will be acc whether for re-admission or flrs trance, unless he has filed the I of prescribed form not to haze. Hazing is forbidden h> the la the State as well as the laws ?. College. - j- .. The best flies are still made by hand, but a great many machine-made i flies are passed ofT as hand made. The manual worker tollfully and patiently cuts each line of the file with hammer 'and chisel. Figures show that In ten working hours an Industrious file-cutter delivered 46,000 blows, the majority of them with a hammer weighing seven and a half pounds, so that his total effort for the day was equivalent to moving 142 tons the distance of one hammer's stroke. The file-cutting machine delivers Its powerful cuts almost as rapidly as a sewing machine thrusts Its needle up and down?that la, at the rate of 1,000 or more strokes a minute. All manner of nice adjustments can be made to suit the character of the file In the machine. The result has been a great cheapening of the ordinary kinds of THE PRAIRIES ARRIVE A 'taflgtJrelft. ' rm JKJfflpa yWfli at New York with happy troops from of the Three Hundred and Thirty-fifth went all the way from Lincoln, Neb., to ' 1M 'ef Chemistry NEXT SES n- Scholarships The College maintains 189 four-y scholarships in the Agricultural t olc* Textile courses, and 61 In the O and Year Agricultural course. i G. the Each scholarship is worth $100 1 1 n per session and free tuition, the The Vacancies in four-year scholarsh > in 41 counties to be filled this sumnr g?y- vacancies in the One-year Agriculti e to Course Scholarships In every count) fleet tate. An excellent opportunity to secur pend college training at a minimum of c mlnWrlte now for the necessary ap; cation blanks and full information regard to the scholarship open In y county. Free tuition ($40.00 per session] granted to students judged unable pay. the The State Board of Charities i >utes Corrections Is charged with investii who ing the financial standing of all ap ents, cants ror iour-yeur atuuiaisuii/o . 'ices, free tuition, and reporting their fl - at- ings to the Board of Trustees of College- This Board passes upon 1. A. matter, accepting as correct the in! 1 so- mation gathered by the State Boi fac- Appeal from the decision of the Ti nday tees may be made to the State Bo .sses. of Education, itain 1 atScholarship and Enor trance Examinatio Scholarship and entrance exam) tions will be held by each County i th? perlntendent of Education on . i re- nth, 1?1?, beginning at i? A. M. n i r It will be worth your wlUle to Gslti$s for one of the scholarships In J itlon. . . county. A four-year scholarship m< n iji $400.00 to help pay expenses $160.00 Ln tuition, divided equally < ho is the four years. t tho eptod Applicants staking to anter en- examination are advised to take ledge entrance examinations on July 1 rather than wait until they com the college this fall. Credit tov entrance will be given for all exi of nations passad at the County seat. r the Copies of old examination quest will be furnished upon request. files. One of the very earliest successful machines reduced the cost of a file to about one-eighth of that of the earlier handmade ones. Spinning by hand is now scarcely known. The Australian aborigines twist thread with the fingers and thumb as a shoemaker sometimes twists twine. A certain Norfolk lady named Prlnglc spun a pound of wool into 84,000 yards of thread, or nearly 48 miles. But this performance was far excelled by that of Miss Ives of Spalding, who spun, we are told, the same veight of wool into 168,000 yards, or aoi mues 01 yam. mese results are very exceptional. Ordinary spinners produced only from 13,000 to 40,000 yards a pound. The latter results are well within the capacity of modem spinning machines. A medium count of cotton yam conT NEW YORK W*?t*m Nf?tpap*r Union! " ' ? IW W1L Nebraska, Kansas und Missouri. At Ihfantry, from Nebraska; and at the (Welcome her son. ) m \ Engineers ismxr npFM.< 1 M. A. 1 * COURSES ( ear ind FOUR-YEAR DE ,00 AGRICULTURE With ail opportunity lp* to specialize in eithei ier. iral r. AGRONOMY ANIMAL INDUi 0 a BOTANY ost. CHEMISTRY D11* DAIRYING ln ENTOMOLOGY our HORTICULTUR SOILS 1 l* TEACHING OF to VBTERIN'ARY dk and rat- CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL ENGINEE nd- ELECTRICAL ENGINI the the MECHANICAL ENGIN l?rd CIVIL ENGINEERING us- TEXTILE INDUSTRY ard ARCHITECTURE GENERAL SCIENCE TEACHING OF TRAD! ns SHORT ( (Regular inaSu Iu,y ONE-YEAR COURSE I October 1st to June 1st. trJ 3 years farm experlem rour >ans rPWA VTTAT? POTTR.SF, 1 and J- ?T \y~ x jmu.v w ?_ . jvcr Requirements: 18 years ol eight grades in school. For Catalogue, App lth? Write at e to irard " W. M. RIG( Clemson C tains, let us say, forty hanks to th? pound, a hank being 840 yards. Thii gives us 33,600 yards to the pound. But the great gain of the moderr machine results from its multiplied efforts and its speed. Twelve hundred spindles or more are at work at once and each is spinning and winding five 'or six feet of thread four times a minute, while a man and two boys will be sufficient to attend to the machine. Envelopes were at first made by hand, but machinery was soon adapted to the work. The first of these was a butter, which cut a pile of blank shapes at one operation. These blanks were folded and gummed by hand, the folder using a sort of bone knife. A skillful workman could turn out about 3,000 envelopes a day. In a comparatively short time, how(ever, a machine was perfected which toot only folded and gummed the envelopes but embossed, pressed, counted, and stacked them, and its output was about 3,000 an hour. At every turn we see the hands and the brain pitted against each other, and the brain is ever taking work from the hands, to the advantage of th world.? Baltimore Sun. Philosophy of Neat Dressing.?A very famous American actress once said that no woman of real brains ever cared for dress. She explained thai she cared for clothes only because they were an. indispensable part of her profession. Dress was really part of her acting and, therefore, she felt Justified in putting a deal of thought into the subject. Well, now, really isn't dress an important part of every woman's calling, whatever it is? Doesn't the housewife do better as a houoewife if she takes time to consider the problem of getting becoming and attractive house dresses? No need to say that the girl who works in a store or office not infrequently gets the better position rather than the ordinary position because she is dressed neatly and attractively. With the woman who works usually It is a splendid investment? the money spent in appearing well dressed. The pleasure and satisfaction a wo COI ig, Textiles, 5 SEPTEMBE 3F STUDY GREE COURSES Co Co Da JTRT An He b pt agriculture p. SCIENCE bl ar RING wl CERING EERING lei m Ti m JS AND INDUSTRIES ( BOURSES Session.) N AGRICULTURE * th fo Requirements: 18 yearn of age, m :e, eight grades In school. wi fa IN TEXTILES. f age, one year of mill experience, er fa lication Blanks, Etc., re Once to JS, President, B( ollege, S. C. o i mad feels when she knows she looks j well la not vanity It Is good sense. Few women have sufficient poise to 1 speak and Act their serenest and best when they know they are untidy or 1 shabby or unbecomingly garbed. But , the housewife who is so attractively > and neatly dressed that the unexpected caller has no embarrassment for her, the business woman who is sarto- j plallv rafl-riv for finv ftmenrencv in able ' to forget her appearance and give her 1 entire attention to the business or ^ pleasure at hand. It is probably true : that the consciously shabby woman 1 gives more thought to clothee than the 1 consciously well dressed one. All women may not have rich or even very P CM Luzianne coffee. It is ed by hanc time it is fi ed in New until you ? your table JJJZU . coj The Reily-Ta 1 wew 0) and Military :R 10,1919 Summer School M lourses for C rkroltural Teacher# Sen (June 30th to July 20th) Trm; quii tton Graders mill (June 30th to July 19th) A rn dull Boys Sho (July 7th to July 19th) tak< Also Intensive one-week courses mnj nloi iry Week van June 30th to July 5th wlB, quii dmal Husbandry Week iQ8l July 7th to July 12th a >rtlcultural Week ed July 7th to July 12th Coi bra illtry Week ed July 8th to July 11th ( Un SJ{.Mints' WEEK?JUL* Z1SA to JULY 26TH by This school will enable you to comcei ne the pleasure of a vacation with S. i opportunity for study. A dormitory at 111 be reserved for married couples wh id single women. pei iriv Prominent Speakers?Access to ColW? se Library?Moving Pictures?Swimlng Pool ? Athletics ? A Pleasant no1 bu me. flci Write for Booklet giving full Infor- 1114 ation3 ua he- Year Agricul- ? ? scl Go tural Course to Is for young men who have neither e time nor the money to take the ur-year course. It is open to young ^ en 18 years old, and over, who have ? orked three or more years on the rm. It is designed to give the simple sciitlflc principles upon which good rmlng rests- , ap The idea is to take a man who la al- ar< ady a farmer and make him a better on .rraer. ] The course begins October 1st and m< ids Jun? 1st Fifty-one scholarships est re open to men In this course. Ex- th< minatlons for the award of these an jholarshlps will be held by each th ounty Superintendent of Education CI n Friday, July 11th. sa smart clothes, but all can see to it that their clothes are In good repair, well brushed and pressed, and carefully donned. Immaculate grooming with attention to teeth, nails, hair anil skin, as well as gloves, shoes, clean neckwear and handkerchiefs, will go far toward imparting that oomfortable, "dressed-up" feeling that is such a I mental trtnln \Ja\ir Vai*V Qlirv They Played Hard.?"Mother, I'm so lonesome. I've no one to play with," complained Albert"Well, go and play with Dickey." "Oh, I played with him this morning an' I don't believe he's well enough to come out yet."?Chicago Tribune. AN NP GDAJLUfTO :jg?~ ?s?ssssiss jTrra i? dinatiooa, m an n3 i. ? >n aatlafM ta trtnrMMO. 7Vm0j1 row trocar will ratal (HTm tka aooar roo paid fariL <rm QYl! . | is a clean ' not touchIfrom the rst receivr Orleans serve it on , IVKSY POUND SOLD IN AN # INDIVIDUAL AIR-TIGHT UN CAM . li "lean* . * - jj ' : "v. "vETI I T ll I J u i Training 'S 'M =====? ilitary Training . lemson College is a member of the lor Division of the Reserve Officers' Ininf Corps. All students are reed to wear uniform and are under tary discipline at all times. .i 11 Freshmen, Sophomores and rt Course students are required to 9 the Basic Course of three hours Ltary instruction each week. June and Seniors may enter the ad ced course If physically ami otnere qualified, and If admitted, are rered to take additional military xuctlon. 'i "he War Department has establishR. O. T. C. units In the Infantry, ist Artillery and Signal Corps Jichea of the service. Only a limitnumber of students will be admitted the Coast Artillery and Signal Corps its. Modern equipment Is suppllsd the U. S. Government . Ml students In the R. O. T. C. reve financial assistance from the U. Government Juniors and Seniors present are paid $12.00 per month, ,ich may be applied to the living crises. All R. O. T. C. students are en an allowance on uniforms by the it Department The amount has S t been fixed for the coming session, t It Is expected that it will be sufent to cover at least half the cost of > service uniforms. Mo obligation rests upon the gradte of the Advanced Course. . Membership in the Advanced Course " lounts practically to a two-year iolarshlp furnished by the Federal vernment. A student who holds a rul&r scholarship and takes the Adaced Course receives enough money pay for all expenses except books. lemson Men in The Service rhe Clemaon Service Flag contains proximately 1,000 stars, 18 of which i gold as well as a number of blue es. Relatives and friends of Clemson in who entered the service are earn:ly requested to send to the College e name, rank, division, regiment, or y other Information that will aid In e publishing of a complete list emson men are asked to do the me. vSv ; ^ - -I ! If:i Hi