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mi ?J1.. . ! 'LiiMiJgaBaaggep..iii. M w ... in I! LLL-iLixuji. n 11 ? win hi a imu < ? 11 tii i^.i.i.jhi 1 wnw m " TO THINB OWN BELT BK TRUB, AND IT MUST FOLLO^T, AS TUB NIGHT TUB DAT, THOU CAN'ST NOT TIIKN BK FALSE TO ANY MAN>" VOL. 2. PICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. C., FRIDAY, AUGUST 30, 1850. NO 15 THE KK20WEE COURIER, PRINTKD AMD I'UBLISUKD WEEKLY ST tkimmikr & lewi". W. K. Easley, Editor. I TiERlWS. wno uoiiar and Fitvy Cents for one year's sub Bcription when pnid within three months, Two dollnrs if payment is deli\yc?l to the close of the ubscription yenr. All subscription* not clcarly limited, will bo considered as made for an indefinite time, and continued till a di ^continuance is ordered and all arrearages pni.l. Advn titementa inserted at 75 cont* per square for the first insertion, and 37 1-2 cts. for each continued insertion. Liberal deductions made to those advertiftinir bv tli? - o """ tr AU Communications nhnuld be ftildresscil to the Publishers iwst paid. ??(*9? CONGRESS. i In the Uniied States Senate on Wednesday, August 14th, Mr. Hunter presented a protest against the iinccnnf <tm K.ll ''? - 1 ,/..uuukv ui mo urn iui nit: admission of California, a copy of which we insert, with the names Mg'ied thereto: I We, the undersigned Senators, I deeply impressed with the importance of the occasion, and with a solemn sense of the responsibility under which we are acting, respectfully submit the following protest against the bill admitting California as a a State into this Union, and request tlmt may be entered upon the journal of the Senate. We feel tfcat it is noi enough to Imvc resisted in debate alone, a bill so fraught with mischief to the Union and the States which we represent, with all the resources of argument which we possessed, but that it is also due to ourselves, the people whose interests have been entrusted to our care, and to posterity, which even in its most distant generations may feel its consffquenCfiS. tt? lo:iVf? ill urlintoi.^. c ~ ... nimioTci lurui may he most solemn and enduring, a memorial of this opposition which we have made to this measure, and of the reasons by which we have been governed, upon the pages of a journal, which the Constitution requires to kept so long as the Senate may have an existence, we desire to place the reasons upon which wo are willing to be judged by generations living and yet to come, for our opposition to a bill WllOSA winsnnimiMtoo l? ??vv/*>uv\|vt\>lIC<VO IIICI^ I 'C *o durable ami portentous as to make it an object of deep interest to all who may come after us. We have dissented from this bill because it gives the sanction of law, nnd thus imparts validity to the unauthorized action of a portion of the inhabitants of California, by which an odious discrimination is made a^a'mst^ the property of the fifteen MHvenoiaing States of the Union, who are thus deprived of that position of equality which the Constitution so manifestly designs, and which constitutes the only sure and staple foundation on which this Union can reposeBecause the rights of the slaveholding States to a common and equal enjoyment of the territory of the Union has been defeated, by a SVRtnm nf ~ " 1 w. iroauiCBi WHICH, wunoui j the authority of precedent, of la\y or of the Constitution, were manifestly contrived lor that purpose, and which Congress must sanction And adopt, should this bill become a law. In sanctioning this system of measures, this Government will admit, that the inhabitants of its territories, whether permanent or transient, whether lawfully or unlawfully occupying the same?may form a State without the previous authority of Jaw, without *>vr?t? ft,a ? r,. v f V?a uiv |/C(| um <H>l/UU" 4y of a territorial organization formed by Cong* ess, without any legal census or other efficient evrdcncc of their possessing the number of citizens necessary to authorize the representation which th?V may claim, and without any of those safeguards about the ballot box which can only be provided by law? and which are . necessary to ascertain the true sense of a people. It will admit too that Congress, having refusod to provide a Government except upou tlie condition of excludingjlavery hy law, the .Executive branch of this GovAmmont inn" ? ? " ' nmjri Iftt uo UWli ?jjl8iT0UUII$ invite such inhabitants to meet in convention under such rules as it or its agents may prescribe* and % IWm a constitution affecting, not only tneir own righth. but those also of fifteen States of the confederacy, by including t? vritory with the purpose of excluuinff lhn*? Rial?a ' ment, and without regard to the natural fitness of boundary, or any of j the considerations which should properly determine the limits of a St^te. It will also admit that the convention. | thus called into existence by the Executive may be paid by him, out of the funds of the United States, witliI *i a:? _r uui ?nu saiiciion 01 congress, in violation not only of the plain provision of the Constitution, but of those principles of obvious propriety which would forbid any act calculated to make that convention dependant upon it; and last but not least, in the series of measures which this Government must adopt and sanction in passing this bill, is the release of the authority of the United States by the Executive alone to a Government thus fnrmnrt. ntlll nnf nrnonndn- ?? ...vul ?>>v< iiui I it lll^ CH3II sufficient credence oi its having the assent of a majority of the neople or whom it was designed. \V ith a view of all these considerations, the undersigned are constnined to believe that this Government could never be brought to admit a State presenting itself under such circumstances, if it were not fo*- the purpose of excluding the people of thn slavn I holding States from all opportunity of settling with their property in that territory. I Because, to vote for a bill passed j | under such circumstances would be to agree to a principle which may exI elude forever hereafter, as it does now, the States which we represent, from all enjoyment of the Union; a principle winch destroys the equal rights of thair constituents, the equal of their States in the confederacy, the equal dignity of those whom they represent as men and citizen* in the eye of the law, and their equal title to the protection of the Government and the Constitution. Because all the propositions have been rejected, which have been made to attain either a recognition of the nirliio r\f 4Kn * . .giiio ui HIV- pjav^uuillilljr OUllt'S lO it common enjoyment of till the Territory of the United States, or to a fair di\ :sion of that territory, between the slaveholding and non-slaveholding States ol the Union: every effort having failed which has been made to obtain a fair division of the territory proposed to be brought in as the State of California. l?r?lt. ? j: * e-? vui iuduj) >vc uiakciii irom inis bill, and solemnly protest against its passage, bccanse in sancti >tmig measures so contrary to former precedent, to obvious policy, to the spirit and interest of tne Constitution of the United States, for the purpose of excluding the slaveholding States from the territory thus to be erected into a State, this Government in effect declares that the exclusion of slavery from the territory of the Uni4 i ol.i? * * iuu uiuics, js an onjeci so tngM and important as to justify a disregard, not only of all the principles of sound policy, but also oi the Constitution itself. Against this conclusion. we must now ar.d forever protest, as it is destructive of the safety and liberties of those whose rights have been committed to our care, fatal to the peace and equality of the States which wc represent, and must lead, if persisted in, to the dissolution of that confederacy in which the slave holdirg States have never sought more than equality, and in which they will ,iot be content to remain with less. J. M. Mason, ) R. M. T. HUNTER, 5 V,rffmia* A. P. BlJTLER, I q r R.W.Barnwell, ] H. L. Turney, Tennessee. Pierre Soule, Louisiana. Jefferson Davis, Mississippi. David R. Atchison, Missouri, D *roNlFi?ri(,aSenate Chamber, Aug. 14, 1850. Mr. Hunter in presenting the protest, said, those who presented it, were aware that they had no right to demand it of the Senate; but they nakeu it as " ccurtcsy, to be permitted in that way to express their strong disapprobation of the measure against ttiiivi* ulcjf jjiuicmi' Mr. Davss of Massachusetts, was opposed to the protest being entered upon the journal, because it was contrary to all precedent, and that as this privilege had never been granted, it ought not to be in this case. If those opposed to a measure were allowed to record their iustifi 4l.~ i *" <;uwii9 mi me juuniHi) h. iiko privilege should also be accorded to those in favor. Mr. Foote was opposed to the protest. He had been instructed bj his JLorislatu-.e to oDDOse th* mWmalArt of California, and he had done soil but, after the action of the Senate, j ne considered it his duty to cease alt I parliamentary opposition, and sub-! ? mit. He felt that the placing of this paper on the records of the Senate was fraught with evil to the country, and he would therefore enter his protest against the protest. Mr. Shields was in favor of grantting this courtesy to the Southern I momhnra '?4 ? * 1 ...V.UUVKX X Ilia in uiusi WUIIICI the country and be published in the newspapers and read whether placed upon the journal or not; and he did not consider the mere placing of this paper upon the journal would be the cause of any additional excitement, than would be occasioned by the mere publication. There were two rights he had always respected?the right of petition and that of complaint. He regarded this as a complaint of the minority, and it was an act of courtesy to that minoritv to . w , ?/ permit them to place it upon the journal. Mr. Baldwin concurred with the views expressed by the Senator from Massachusetts, (Mr. Davis.) The yeas and nays of the Senators were recorded on the journal, and in this manner every Senator had the right of protest. Mr. Hale wished simply to call I the attention of the Senate to the fact, that in the House of Representatives, a protest was presented by himself and others in the twentyeitfth Congress, and rejected. Mr, Hunter then read from the journal, to show that a protest had been entered upon the journal of the House, thus furnishing a precedent. Mr. Cass said that the question of entering the protest upon the journal, was one of expediency, ami not of power; and he s1 ould vote for it as an act of courtesy to tho:e proposing it. Mr. Winthrop was opposed to the protest being entered. There was no precedent. He and other Northern men had desired to entor a protest in the case of annexation.? There was but one body in the worid which allowed its members to enter a protest upon the journal, and that was the British House of Peers?an aristocratic legislative body, which could not be held up as an example to a Republican Government. Mr. Butler said that in his own State the privilege of protest was !;ranted the members of the State legislature; that its exercise was not common; mat it was a lorm ol showing their strong disapprobation of a measure; that if this protest was not entered upon the journal, it wouidgo into the country, be printed and exercise the same influence upon the people. Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, thought that if the wish was to prevent any undue excitement, the proper course was to permit the protest to be quietly recorded on the journal. The making of lengthy speeches to be printed, would not have that cflect. The question being asked, whether tho rfirfintiftn r?f n place it upon the journal. The President decided that it would not. Messrs Benton, Downs and Pratt, severally, spoke against its reception. The further consideration of the subject was then postponed. On motion of Mr. Douglas, the bill for the establishment i>f a territorial Government for New Mexico, was taken up for consideration. After the adoption and rejection of several amendments, the bill was ordered to be engrossed, upon which, Mr. Hale moved that the Senate go into Executive session; agreed to. fTom1n\ **V4 ?v* namiiiu iwuiiiaicii ma mitsH" tion to vote for the reception of the paper, if some subsequent motion, such as to lay it on the table, or place it upon file, on which the ayes and nays should bo taken, would not rtecessarily cause its insertion upon the journal. jn that case, lie should vote against its reception. Mr. Berrien was understood to ask whether the tnking of the yeas and nays upon the reception would not cause the insertion upon the journal. r Mr. Turnev thought a proper course would be, to unite the motion of reception and entering upon the journal. Mr. Badger said he had intended to vote against the protest* but the1 remarks of several Senators had rather induced him to go tor it, believing the reception would have a good effect. In the House of Representatives, on the same day, an amendment was passed by a vote of 112 to 47 to restrict debate in Committee of the Whole, under the five minute rule. Mr. Ashupm moved that the House proceed io the business on the Sj winker's table, where now lie the bms passed by the Senate to adjust ip-n , the Texas boundary question, to admit California as a State into the Union, and to establish a tc "itorial government for the territory of Utah. The House refused, by a vote of 80 in the affirmative, to 102 in the negative, to go into the business on the Speaker's table. In the Senate, on Thursday, Aug. 15, on motion by Mr. Mason, the Senate proceeded to consider bill No. 28, in relation to fugitive slaves, being the bill to provide ior the more effectual execution of the third clause of the second section of the 4th article of the Constitution of the United States, and On motion by Mr. Mason, it was Ordered. That unirl Kill !>? -w?a?v* miu wv; iiiuuu the speciol order for Monday next, and every day thereafter until disposed of. The reception and entering of (he protest of some Southern Senators to the passage of the California bill, came up for considerstionThe following clause was added to the protest: "Because the admission of California as a State into the Union without any previous reservation, assened to by her of the public domain, might involve an actual surrender nf that domain to, or at all ovents, places its future disposal at the mercy of that State, and as no reservation in the bill cun be binding upon her until she assents to it, as her dissent 'hereafter,' would in no manner affect or impair the act of her admission." Mr. Badger, who yesterday declared liis intention to vote in favor of granting the request asked by some members of the Senate, of entering a nrotest nnr??m?t r>nooo<?n __ J? ?~?. tuv JJUUOIACVy UI UIU bill for the admission of California, stated to-day, that the remarks of the Senators from Maryland and Louisiana, (Downs and Pratt,) led to a more thorough examination of the subject, and a consequent change of views. He now regarded that the entering of this protest upon the journal, would be establishing a dan{jerous precedent. Mr. B. then gave lis reasons at length for that opinion. The question of the reception of ine protest, and of its insertion in the journal, was further discussed by Messrs. Hunter, Butler, Cass, Davis of Mississippi, Turney and Soule in favor, and Messrs. Walker, Benton, Pratt, Downs, Houston and Whitcomb against. Mr. Cass was still of the opinion nVtM?AOOA/l "13?.fl-- * JUOlCIUiiy. JLVLMICClIOn, and listening to the discussion of the subject, had strengthened that opinion. The entering of a protest upon the journal was not forbidden by the Constitution. The Convention that framed that Constitution left the Senate to exercise its own discretion in this matter. He attached no importance to the mere entering upon the journal of a paper of this kind?the journal was not read by the people at large. If this paper was of such a character as to be productive oi' a vast amount of evil, it would not be remedied by refusing an insertion of it upon the lournal. It had already been published, and would soon be ;?> u a- *i 1 me iiuiius ui iih; |juu|)it; uu over the country. Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, thought that more importance had neen given to the paper by its opponents than it could pos; ibly have attained if it had been suffered quietly to be placed upon the journal. He then, in a masterly manner-, spoke of the general subjects connected with the protest, ana declared his firm attachment to a Constitutional Union. On motion, the question of the reception of tho protest was laid on the table?-yeas22, nays 19, as follows*. Yeas?Messrs. Badger, Benton, Bradbury, Bright, Chase, Cooper, Davis, of Massachusetts, Dod e, of Wisconsin, Downs, Green, Hamlin, Houston, Miller. Norris, Phelps, Pratt, Smith, Underwood, Upham and Winthrop?2*2. Nays.?Messrs. Atchison, Barnwell, Betrien, Butler, i 'ass, Davis, of Mississippi, Dawson, Dodge, of Iowa, Dickinson, Hunter Mason, Morten, Rusk, Sebastian, Si^lds, Soule, Sturgeon, Tuney, and Yulee?-19. The bill to provide a territorial government for New Mexico was taken up, the title amended and passed; yeas #7, nays 10, as follows: V i . l ri i * eas.?-luessrs. menison, rtauger, Benton, Berrien, Bradbury, Bright, Cass, Cooper, Dawson, Dodge, of Iowa, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Houston, Hunter, King, Mangum, Mason, Norris, Pratt, Rusk, Shields, Sebastian, Sturgeon, Underwood, Whitcomb and Wales?27. Nays?Messrs. Chase, Davis, of JVfissachusetts, Dodge, of Wisconsin. (irooivn. ITiimlm. Ph??lnH. I f - * Upham, Walker and Winthrop?10. The Senate then adjourned ovei to Monday. In the House of Representatives, at a late hour the same day, we understand from a telegraphic despatch in the Charleston Evening News, of Saturday, Mr. Pearce's bill for the I settlement of the boundary of Texas, passed that body by a majority of fifty. THE CALIFORNIA BILL. This Bill, introduced into the (J. S. Senate in March last, by Mr. Douglas, and which passed that body on Tuesday, the 13th inst., is as follows, all the amendments offered except il. I 1 o i me uiiu umuracea in me ?5ti section having been rejected: A Bill for the a (] mission of the State of California into the Uuion. Whereas the people of California i have presented a conctitution and asked admission into the Union, which constitution was submitted to Congress by the President of the United States by message, dated February 13th, 1850, and which, on due nvo 10 ??/! 1-" ? ? I-1 * uauiuiuui.iutii 10 iuuiiii iu lh; rupuoilcan in its form of government: Be it enacted by the Semite and House ofReprentative* of the Uunited Stat cm of America in Congress assembled, That the State of California shall be on.% and is hereby declared to be one of the United States of America, and admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the origi- j iml IM oil urKo<AtrnM 1 I P^1UI.V? ill (til I UQpVVyUI *? IKllUVL I I Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, ; That until the representative! m ConI gress shall he apportioned according I to an actual enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States, the State of California shall be entitled to two representatives in Congress. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the said State of California is admitted into the Union upon the cxpres condition lhat the people of said State, through their Legislature or otherwise, shall never interfere with the primary disposal of the public lands within its limits, and shall pass 110 law and do no act whereby the title of the United States to, and right to dispose of, the same shall bo impaired or questioned; and they shall never lay any tax or assessment of any description whatsoever upon i the public domain of the United States; and in no case shall non-rosident proprietors, who arc citizens of the United States, be taxed higher i than residents; and that, all the navigable waters within the said State ! shall lift nnmtrinn liinrhw/tivc. nml IXi-. I ever free. ?? we" to the inhabitants of said State as to the citizens of the United States, without any tax, impost, or duty therefor: Provided, riiat nothing herein contained shall be construed as recognizing or rejecting the propositions tendered by the people of California as articles of compact in the ordinance adopted by the convention which formed the constitution of that Slate. A "NT A 1 /VGTC1 Al.' 'PUP XT'/AT1 IV /"\1VT 1 HJLlilJUl .1. Wl i 11 li ? V 1 1-1 V711 THE C ALIFORNIA BILL. Tlie vote on the the passage of I the California Bill in the United States Senate, on Tuesday, the 13th inst., may be annalysed as follows: Yeas.?Free State Democrats.? Messrs. Bradbury, Bright, Cass, Dickinson, Dodge of Wisconsin, j-'vugu \jt iuwo) j^uu^iaa^ J.' Uli;il) Hamlin, Jones, Norris, Shields, Stur-1 geon, Walker, and Whitcomb?15. ' Free State Whips.?Messrs. Baldwin, Cooper, Davis, of Massachusetts, Ewing, Greene, Miller, Phelps, Seward, Smith, Upham and Winthrop?11. Stave State Democrat*.?Messrs. n i r t a c\ Demon nnn nousmii?x. Slave State Whigs.?Messrs. Bell, Spruunce, Underwood, and Whles? 4. VOTE ON "THE CALIFORNIA BILL. The Bill passed the Senate on the 13th inst-, giving the full boundaries as claimed by the State, by the fol ? wt~ r.?,i 41 ii i owing vui vy u iiuu mum uius classified: ayf.s, 33.. Baldwin, Conn. Houston,Tex. Belt, Tenn. Jo es, Iowa. Benton, Mo. Miller, N. J. Bradbury, Mc. Norris, N. H. Bright, lnd. Phelps, Vt Cass, Mich. Seivard, N. Y. Ch ^e, To. Shields, III. Cooper, Pa. Smith, Conn* Davis, Mass. Spruance, Del. 1 % ! *t tr n* r\ J'lckinson, in. x. sturgeon, ru. Dodge, Wis. Uwleruxxxl, Ky. Dodg.iv, Oy. Upham, Vt. Douglas, 111. Irate*. Del. ?hcirig, Oo. Walker, \Vis? Greene, R. 1. Winthrop, Mass. Hale* N? H. (f. s) "Whitcomb, ln<!? Hamlin, Maine* NAYS, 17. Atchisc n, Mo. Mason, Va. Barnwell, S. C. Morton, Fla. U.. .U jit.t j/i-i i e-wf i uu> i / C((() Zf/Wi Butler, S. C. liusk, Texas. Clemens, Ala. Sebastian, Ark. Davis, Miss. Soul , La. Foote, Miss. Turner, Tenn. Hunter, Va. Yulee, Fia. King, Ala. The absentees and members not voting were as follows: From .shim States From free State*. Pearce, Md. Chirk, R. /. Mangum, N. C. Dayton, TV. J. Badgei" Felch, Mich. Dawson, Ga. Clay, Ky. Downs, La. Mason, Va. Fremont and Benton. The Washington correspondent of tlie Baltimore Clipper, referring lo the defeat of (he Benton parly in Missouri, gives a rumor that Col. Fremont, the son-in law of Benton, w.ll probably resign his seat in the California Ssnnntn nc < r\ m \rt% ~ ..i.~ Kyvy.m I.V) u / (?VJ IV/^ITV J/UIIIUII aV.lll/UUU of being elected to the Senate ficm that State (?) We had suspected that the old man was looking to the back benches as his best chance. We trust California will not elect him, though we confess the fact that she has a Bear upon her State Arms, is ominous of some such result. It will be some satisfaction however, to have (\rivnn f)lrl liilllirm lvnirnn v.. . . *>*? V/ AM v? IllV/lt UUVl UIV> JLlUl'IV^y Mountains. His next step, we trust, will be the Sandwich Islands, and so on to China, the only people whose arrogance and self conceit are a match for his own.Constitutionalist. Too Big a Booh!?A man buying about to purchase a young horse,was fearful he might prove skittish, as the phrase is; and in order to test his sondness, or strength of nerve, directed his boy to go a little way ofV, behind the next corner, and he would nae me colt down opposite to him, when he should start suddenly out, and cry "booh!" and if the colt could stand that, it would be proof enough of ,,;s being firm and well broke. The boy took his station, and the man mounted and rode along; but when he came opposite the corner, and the boy jumped out and cried "booh!" the colt threw him off. The rider picked himself up soon, however, and rubbing his shoulder and (i,? i? i- ? j: i oiaitio, aaiwu II1C U\.ty \Vlicit lie UlU SO for. "Why father," said the boy, "you told me to say booh." "Yes," said the old man, "but there was no need of saoing such a big booh to such a little horse." I Encourage your own Mechanics.? Do not send abroad for help, if you have work to do?when it can be done in your own neighborhood? perhaps at your next door. Encourage your own honest, industrious, faithful mechanics. They need all the work they can get. By surh a conrse, you keep money at home, assist the worthy, and haue just as j pood work performed. It is the on i ly way to make a town prosperous, I to support your schools and churches. I Where there is a disposition to send I a hundred miles for articles that, to ; say the least, could be manufactured I as well at your own door, there will I always he little or no business done in the place?the churches will he thinly attended and all kinds of labor extremely dull. Wherever mechanics are the best employed, prosperity is seen?the social virtues predom mate, travelling monntel auks and pedlers retire in disgust, and a kidd* ly, brotherly feeling is experienced, which is the source of unspeakable easiness. vv nuiever you nave 10 do done* look around and see if your noighJ bors cannot do it. If you have a house to build or a shoe to tap, a harness to bo made or a pump to bo bored, a pack of cards to be printed or a well to bjj dug, just look among your neighbors, before you undertake to send abroad, and if^you have none around you capable of fhe task, it will bo time enough to look else where. It is wronw idea to suppose* nothing is serviceable that is made at. horn?*. We know of many instances wheve men have refused to purchase work u ade by their neighliors, and sont to a distant city for the articles they needed, and paid a third niorC for them, when behold, they had been manufactured and sent away to sell bv thfi viM*v r?oj<rhhnrs of wVinm tWv refused to purchase. Let it bo the motto of all?I will encourage my own neighlx>rs. In turn you will be encouraged also.