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I"?TO THINK OWN HKLF OK TltUE, AND IT MUST FOLLOW, AS TI1K N101IT T1IK DAY, THOU OAN'sT MOT THEN DE FALSE.TO ANY MAN." / VOL. ?. PICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. C., FRIDAY, JULY 1!), 1850. NO <X 4 I THE UIvOH Ili: COVRlI'iK, mixTr.n and rniLisiixn wkrkly ?t THIMMIER LEWIS. W. K. Easley, Editor. KK t. HB.-r, < I One Dollar ntul Fifty Cents for one year's Mibacriptiou when paid within three month*, Two dollar* if naymwit in delay oil to thu close of the uUcriptioii yenr. All subscript ionn not clearly limited, will be considered as made for an indefinite time, nnd continued till a discontinuance in ordered and { idl arrearages pai l. inserted at 75 cents per square for the fir.H insertion, and 81 1-2 etc. for each continued insertion. LUwrnl deduction* iundn i I to thoso advertising by the vcnr. tW All Communications should be addressed to iho Publishers post paid. * poiTi'^ ' JOHN'S LAMENT?n"v n..o\vs. "Why did tlicy cnl) ire 'John,' I stiy? j Why did they c,ijl me 'John?' lt*? surely just the mcaiu*t nnmo ni? i-i ? ?' i irejr I'iMIIU IIHVC llll Hp >1! Bccausfc im* father had it too, And suffered for the same, In thnt a proper reason he Should propagate the nomr? "A dtoen boys nre playing ball, / fstah happy ns a bird, When nil at once, 1o spoil the fun, | A sound of 'John!' is heard; I Five wretchcd fellows run to seo Why they nreonlled upon, And four return to play again, And curse the name of'John.' "The chap that don't come back again Of course is luckless I; i But when there's favors in the case, I can't imagine why I'm always sure to run for naught? V A- 1-11 just io Kin my jov, The 'John' tli?< g<*tR the sugnr-plums Is quite another boy! 1 "If I riliould ever have n hoy, (And such thing moy come,) And should I try lo call him 'John/ 1 hope 'twill strike mo dumb! It's surely just the meanest name That one could hit upon? Why did they call me 'John,' I nay, Why did they cull nu* 'John?' " A Theatre in Constantinople, i ?M. Albert Smith gives an account j of his visit to a theatre in Constnnti- j noplc?a (Jrniul Circo Olimpico?the J Astlov*?! of llinl lO'lfn TU,. ?? j ? w >'ii?v v a iiv D|ju;ia" tors smoked and sat as silent as judges. "I have said the sight was a curious one, hut my surprise was excited beyond bounds, when a clown, a real 4Mr. Merriman,' of ihe arena, junmed into the ring, and cried out in perfect English, 'Here we are again; all of a lump! How are youf' "? There was no response to tne saint a uuii, jor 11 was evidently incomprehensible; and so it fell ilat, and the {>oor clown looked as if he would lave given his salary for n boy to l ave called out 'Hot Codlins.' I looked at the bill, and found him described as the 'Grottesco Inglese' WLittayne. I did not rocognize the name m connexion with the annals of Astley's, but he was a clever fellow, notwithstanding; and, when he j addressed the master of the ring, and i observed, 'If you please, Mr. Guil-1 laumc, lie pays, that you said, that I said, that they said, that nobody had said, nothing to anybody,' it was a drollery of manner that at last agitated the fezzes like poppies in the wind, although the meaning of the speech was still tik^ a sealed book to tliem." \ Elopement in ^floh Lifk.?''Die ]Sv^Av Orleans True Delta of Saturday says: { "Circles of the ton were thrown into a terrible excitement yesterday, l... il- -XT uy me uiiiiomiceineni of an elopement on Wednesday n?giit last. 1 he fair one, Mias , is a budding beauly of scarcely seventeen summers, and an heiress; and the gav Lothario, Mr, H ?^ who bore her off in triumph, is a prominent member of the New Orleans bar The parents of the vounir ladv ar?. of in tVignant?the mamma particularly? ?nd a will, disinheriting the disobedieiit and perverse beauty, has, wr uncterstniut, already passed through the notarial formula.'1 tr,i w received intelligence ofthedeathofMr. William t At wood of this District, who was shot as Wfi Innrri. r?n Mftiwlnv mr?rniri? loc< 1 TWO WEEKS LATER FUOM CALIFORNIA. Arrival of tlic Stcninshin rillV^DEIiPIlU. The steamship Philadelphia, Capt. Pearson, arrived at New-York, on n l 1 * ^ nuiuiav mgni irom tJhagres, whence.1 she sailed 011 tlie 28th ult., and Kingston, Jamaica, 1st inst. She brings two weeks later news from California, received by the Oregon at Panama. Our advices from San Francisco are to the 1st ult. The Oregon brought down $2,928,000 in gold dust, on freight, and about $700,000 in (he hands of the nassen geiS. On receipt ol intelligence that passports were required of persons crossing the Isthmus, l)r Foote, our charge des Affairs at Bogota immediately remonstrated to the goverment, and the Congress, then in session, at once passed a law abolishing the necessity. The steamship Sarah Sands, Tholn-1 son, was about 90 miles below Mon- j lerey, on her passage up, taking in coal. A number of her passengers left her and proceeded up to Son Francisco by land; those that remained on board of her were nil in good health. The steamers New World and Isthmus sailed for Panama on 2*2d June, both full of passengers. The steamship Oregon, on her passage down, met the steamship Panama on 21st June, 130 miles below Acapulco, bound to Sun Francisco. The American bark Lucy Ellen, ?? ? *-? Liunuui) i 011 nor passage from Chagres to Grey Town. The crew and passengers were saved by the Royal Mail Company's steamer Dee, and transferred at Chagres to the Philadelphia. There were very few passengers on the Isthmus, 'lhc river was low, A collision, which resulted in loss i of life, took place between some A-1 mericans and natives at Chagres, a ! short time previous to the sailing of | <iw. - * * nnj i suiuui;i|jiiici* 11 originaicu oy i two Americans striking some natives j who upset them in a canoe. Blows | wero resorted to, and afterwards fire ; arms; the belligerents shooting at i eacli other across the river. The j matter was finaly settled by the Alcalde and the American Consul. One native was killed, and two or three others seriously wounded. A serious difficulty has broken out . i CI ? - ... -I in ocnora, mm it was leared bloodtiled would follow. The State officers wore about to impose a monthly tax on all foreigners,lor the privilege of digging in the mines, which they at first resisted; but on the appearance of American troops to enforce the law they had for the present retired to Stockton. Three hundred Clear Lake Indians j who had murdered some whites, on ' being surrounded by American troops | from the garrison at Sonora and Benicia, commenced a resistance, and c 1 1 'I * vtviv? iucu uiii tiiui iik* wiioiCt coin* prising men, women and children, indiscriminately slaughtered. The ship Orbis, has been seized in Augit's Sounds for cutting timber on American possessions. The timber was for the English Navv,' and the Orbit was chartered by the Government. Interrestino from the mines.? Humors of "lurk11 are rife in our community, but authenticated reports of prosperous labor in the Diggings have been fewer within the present month than at any period since mid winter. While with every departure from this city hundreds embark to try their fortunes in the mines, the zeal of the spring emigration is sensibly diminished and that it is generally understood the rivers arc so swollen as to interrupt work at the various washings, and that there promises to be no immediate abatement of the flood. ^ "Green miners" are ardent and ambitious to ravish the rivers of their golden wealth so soon as they arrive in the country. As a general thing, daily departures from this place for the northern or southern placers, are of this class, and we do not hear of an arrival but to learn of his identification with some project which will call him forthwith into the mines. 'iThose who are already upon the ground and prepared for operations in the Placer, confess to have grown impatient at the protracted high stage j of water, and to entertain no decided | hopes 01 a change tor the better, even for a fortnight to come, Ciood health is maintained, and this, together with ample provision to eomfori in their rude quarters, permits, during the truce pending, a reconcilable feeling to strengthen* as the days wear on, and miuerajreat upon their^digging implements, in waiting for tlw "good/ I ' V time" which nil are sanguine in be-, lieving is approaching/1 Important from New Mexico? State Government Organized. The St. Louis Republican of the 25th ult. says:?We received yesterday by the western mail, fetters from nania r e as late as the &r>tli May.? They do not enter so much ino detail as we could have wished, but the contents are of real importance, in the present condition of public aflairs. It seems from these letters, that a j Convention of Delegates from the ' People has been called; that it has ' been held, and in the short space of j eight or nine days, it did devise and j promulgate a Constitution for the Government of the State of New I Mexico. We proceed to give aU ' the information 011 this subject, col- j iccieu ironi two or three oi these ! letters. Tlie Convention, of the man-1 ner of whose election we know no-, thing, assembled at Santa Fe on the ! 15th inst., and one of onr letters say, j with great unanimity in their action. They were in session 8 or 9 clays, and in that time produced a Constitution which has not yet reached us, but which, it is said, will be in operation by the first of July. The i i??: r4i-_ ? ? iivuiiuurius ui me omie? as contained in the letters before us, are not very well defined, but we give them as they come to us. "On the cast, the State runs to the 100th degree of longitude. The points where that line cuts the Arkansas and the Colorado of Texas, are points in the j boundary. On the west, New Mex- i ico is bounded by the 11th degree, from the Colorado of California to the intersection of that line of longitude west the Gila. Thus, on the east and west, the State of New Mexico is bounded by parallels of longitude." By this Constitution slavery is prohibited in the State. The C onstitution was adopted 011 the i25th May. In fifteen days thereafter, an election was to be held for members of the legislature, and as soon as it could be done, the machin- j ery of the new government would be I set in motion. Two Senators and a Representative in Congress would In? speedily elected, and an effort would be made to get them to Washington in time to talce their seats?if such proceedings are recognized at all?in the present Congress. "I am satisfied, (says our letter) that we have a irood Constitution, and on? ?ntimlv suited to this peculiar people." "As to the officers of this new State, Ceran St. Vrain, Judge Otero, and Henry Connelly, are prominent candidates for Governor?all, however, belong to the same political party, and a selection of either would l)e perfectly agreeable to all. Capt. A. W. Reynolds, U. S. Army, and Major II. H. Weightinan, late Paymaster, at present a lawyer of this territory, stand most prominent among us for U. S. Senate. Both are well qualified for the station, and will do honor to the CJ_ i mi - ? ! rjiaie. i ncre arc two oilier candidates, Judge Houghton and Captain W. Z. Angrey, late of Jefferson city, but their chances of success are small, when placed in opposition to the gentlemen I havo named, who are considered the first men in the community." Another letter says?"H. N. Smith, our present delegate in Congress, will no doubt, be elected to the House of Representatives." THE LONDON TIMES?SECRET TREATY. That powerful journal, the London Times, conducted with unsurpassed ability, leaders of which are devoured with unceasing avidity by loal Englishmen, and tlie sentiment of which is admitted to be thoroughly John Bull?a ionriml wMrhi i? nlfnu;. od to be a faithful reflector of England and Englsh opinion?has seized the occasion ol tno invasion of Cuba to pour forth on this country a flood of libel, misrepresentation, and genuine British arrogance. At the same time, it has lot out a secret of the utmost moment to this country, and which can harrilv fail, sooner fir later, to bring the two nations into conflict. The island of Cf?ba is destined, in the progress of events, to belong to the North American republic; and, with perfect truth, it may be said to be already under the protectorate of the public opinion of this country, which has irrevocably decided that no European nation what' ever, other than Spain, shall control no uuaiiEijr* nuuii mi /ini^iii/Oii |irvT tectorate exists by virtue of th*s great law of national satf-preservation.-? Now the London Times, for the first time, we Ixilieye* announces the startling fact, that a secret treaty exists between the British and Spanish #o veenments, by which the former is l>ound to protect the sovereignty of, the letter over her West India possession Here, then, the fact comes ! out that the British lion has got his j claw on the island of Cuba. The Times, after characterizing the Lope/, expedition as piratical, after characterizing the adventurers as much the enemies of the human race as "the pirates that in former days in- j fested those same seas11?by which it j doubtles means the various British sea captains who invaded the Span- 1 isli courts and plundered to their ' hearts content, and were knighted by j the British government for their servi- ! ces?it goes on to account, in the following way, for the little surprise that was manifested relative to this j expedition "in every intelligent inch1' j of Englandom. It writes as follows: j "II there is any disposition to take j the event as a matter of course, it is I because we are learning to expect ' such acts from the American people. 1 We arc indeed acquiescing' in that 1 estimate of their genius which supposes them capable of any design sane- j tioned by the lust of personal or territorial aggrandizement, and restrained by no law save the fear of eh as tisement. A generation has made a great change ibr the worse in the moral position of the United States. Till the close of the continental war they stood on the defensive, and had nothing but what was fairly their ownIn those days lust of territory was the vice of kings, and the citizens of the New World were supposed to hate conquest as much as despotism.? Their sons have learned another and an older creed. The have fallen into the old maxim that 'if ciime is ever honorable, it is when dominion is the object,' and at this moment it would be difficult to name a people so oppressed with the recent stigma of violent and fraudulent acquisitions, so elated with fresh schemes of conquest, so indulgent to political outraire, and offering such facilities for its successful execution, as the citizens of the United States." But John, after all, is not so calm as lie appears to be on the surface, especially when he smokes his cigar, he looks a ittle ahead. The Times says: "If thirty-five years have changed the position of the Union from the defensive to the offensive, and have udded numerous conquests lo the original territory of independence, what may not be expecteo from the next thirty-five years? The Texan receipt for conciuest is of universal application; after Cuba, the other Antilles aiul Central America are only matters of detail; then comes South America; and who can doubt that, by that time, the old weald will find itself threatened no longer in its colonies, but actually at home." The Times at length winds up this one of its articles in the following stand-from-under strain: "It is certainly not for us to desire any disruption of a Union which has hitherto been peaceful and pro- j fitable to this country, but a Union which menaces the peace of the world, a Union which is no Union for the suppression of outrage, or for the satisfaction of injuries, out only ior uie pioidction ancl the ratification of crimes, is 110 Union at all in the political sense of the word, and can only claim our good wishes in the hope that it may one day give place to a more responsible and more honorable species of government." But to drop tliis strain. The fact we find stated in the London Times, that a secret treaty exists between Spain and England about the latter being a protectorate for Cuba, deserves the notice of government and the people of this country. President Monroe proclaimed a sentiment that this nation, all parties, all classes, will adhere to, will carry out, let the ? L. . L_i.il consequences we wnaq uiey inuy.? | It is to this significance, that European interference will not he allowed to control the politics of this North American continent. With the Old World the United States do not make or meddle; and there the old governments may or may not sustain their old policy, their old theories, their old oppression? They may fix their balance of power as may suit them, with let or hindrance from the new. But claim that thin enntinnnt must of nnnnsAiv. take their national law from us; that our national honor, our national security, our vast and incalculable fu ture, demand the strict assertion of this principle. This is our doctrine, maintained through all our administrations, acquiesced ' in by every sound American, a?<l which Great Britain must accede to. Then here ii.. ii ? ?a** i_i will be no concession?no giving tip ?110 step backward. The independence of European intermeddling, proclaimed by our chief magistrate, our secretaries of state, our diplomatic agents, asserted in actioa regardless of consequences whenever occasion has required it, has become part j of our national code. !Let Cuba an-1 ply for admission lo the Union tomorrow, and this country would receive it. Let the oppressed people of Cuba strike for independence to-mor-! row, and this nation would see, perhaps, Spain figet down the rebellion if she could; but it would not see British bayonets help her to do it by virtue of this secret treaty with her.? J This would make no difference, for Great Britain has no right to make such a treaty?Boston Post. COTTON IN INDIA. We extract the following from the London correspondent of the National Intelligencer, as showing that G. Britain can never expect any great snnnly of cotton from India. It is ! evident that her statesmen, it nossiI b!e, would diminish her dependence | upon this country for nearly 80 per l cent, of her whole supply of the staple, which holds a revolution in : abeyance. ! "Mr. Bright has brought the subject of the growth of cotton in In! dia before the House of Commons, i k r.,]i ~r 1 :? 111 a npuvuu iuii ui nwuiui icn^IllUg and the statistics of the subject.? The cotton manufactures of the country employed, he said, 2,000,000 of our population, and a larger capital ! than was embarked in any other ma' nufacture, and which produced the I largest proportion of our exports.? ! The raw cotton imported liad in; creased from 5(5,000,000 pounds in i 1800, to no less than 754,(XX),000 pounds in 1849. Of this large amount 78 1-2 per cent, was supplied by the United States, and 10 1-2 per cent, from British India. The crop in the United States was liable to great fluctuations, and the consumption of cotton, both on the continent of Eu i rope and in America, was rapidly increasing, apparently beyond the powers of production. The advance of Id. per pound on raw cotton was equal to ?3,000,000 on the annual consumption of England. Another consideration was, that the AmeriI can was the product of slave labor, and if from any cause slavery should be abolished in the United Slates, the cultivation of cotton would be greatly interfered with. There was no present prospect of an adequate supply from our African, Australian,or \V est India colonies, and British India was the only source we could turn to with any reasonable prospect of success. India had always grown cotton; the soil was adapted, and the people habituated to its culture. A committee of the Hoase had (in 1848) expressed its belief that the soil and climate and population of India justified the expectation that this country might receive thence large supplies of cotton, yet up to litis moment there had been no results. The revenue at the disposal of the East India Company had, during the last 14 years, averaged ?20,(KX),ty ) a year, after deducting interest, of rlfiht: whilst tlm i uett revenue of Great Britain, exclusive of interest on debt, was only ?25,(XX),000. Mr. Bright moved an address to the Crown, asking the ap! pointment of a commission to proceed to India to inquire into the obsticles which prevent an increasing growth of cotton in that country, ana to report upon any circumstances that may injurious affcct the condition of the native cultivators of the sail in tlio. nrpsiilcnrip* nf nnmhnv nnrl "MTo. dras. Sir I. Hobhouse said, if be thought commission asked for was likely to answer the purpose for which it was to be raised, he would say let it be granted, but he did not suppose that it would. The imports of cotton had.been steadily increasing for the last ten years, and Indian cotton was no exception. He very much doubted whether such an auditiona! quantity of cotton, and of such an improved kind, could be brought from India as would enable it to compete with America. The great mass of cotton brought from India was said to be unfit, from the shortness of its staple, and its dirty state, to sustain a competition with the American. Besides tnis, 120,000,000 of natives were clothed with cotton, and, after they were supplied, i the surplus was not likely to be very great. Sir James Hogg observed, that the East India Company had as | Htrong an interest as Manchester in encouraging the growth of cotton in India; but the idea of a commission was repudiated at Manchester, where the Commercial Association was con I vinced that the Kast India Company had done every thing that was practicable. Mr. Bright did not press his motion to a division. Another (act disclosed during the debate was,that the cotton producers in India nrpfpr ( ' r~" ~?"" red the regular markets at home and in China, to which country a very large quantity was annually exported, to the uncertain demands of En', rope. Upon the whole; wo do not think that your cotton planters have much to fear from the rivalry of those of India." "Better Late than Never." We urivo to our r?ndfrs this ing, the following card, from Hon. A. i II. Stephens, oneuof our Representatives, and one of the strongest Wlii^s J in the House of Representatives, an- $ dressed to the Editors of the National J j Intelligencer. We are pleased to see ; ! Mr. S. occupying Southern ground? it is time for every Southern man?be s he whig or be he democrat, to mount | I the same platform. United, we can ! stand anil face the world: ?j HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, j July 3, 1850. I Gentlemen:?In vour nanAr of ilii? 1 morning, I notice the following edito; rial: W e take it for granted that there i is foundation of some kind or other j for the statement in the following exi tract from the Washington cor respondence of the New i ork Journal of Commerce. If it be all ready true, 1 the crallant Stsitn of 'IVvne ;? ?!>? >< ; to march an army into the Territo- { I ries of t ho United States, and against j an armed station of the United Stated within them; and we are to have news ; of it in less than six weeks from this ; time! Let us hope, however, that ' the worthy correspondent of the Journal is prematurely alarmed for the i ' safety of Santa 1'e, and the detach- \ ! inent of the army whose duty it will i he to defend it. ; Correspondence o f the Jour, of Commerce. Washington, June 20, 1850. j There will he some starting intelli- 1 | gence from Texas in less than six ! weeks from this time- Texas will send an adequate force at once, as is , * sup nosed, to effect her objects?proj haoly '2,500 men. There are at Santa i Fe about '200 Texan camp followers, who take an interest in favor of the j Texans. The troops of the United 1 ; States, under Col. Monroe, number about 5 or 000, to whinh fiOO j he added. The Texans in this city 1, i are of opinion that Texas, supported as she is by the sympathies of the V | whole South, will arrest the U. S. miI litary officers, and bring them to tin 1 i for obstructing the operation of her laws. Should the adjustment bill be defeated, there is no doubt that Texas will absorb New Mexico; and, if tl e ; United States interfere, the southern | States will give her all the aid she From this it sce'us that you hold it to he the "duty" of the "army" of the United States now stationed at Santa i r'e to defend, without authority of law, the military occupation of that portion of New Mexico lying this v-.ji I side of the Rio Grande against any attempt of Texas to maintain her claim by extending her jurisdiction over it Your ?ight to entertain such an | opinion, it is not my object to quesi tion. But I wish to say to you, lest i you may be mistaken in the opinions : ol others, that the first federal giin I that shall be fired t gainst the people vf | of Texas, without the authority of law, will be the signal for the freemen -3ll from the Delaware to the HioGrandc to rally to the rescue. Whnfsvei* differences of opinion -may exist in the public mind touching the proper ,|| boundary of Texas, nothing can be Jt clearer than that it is not a question to be decided bv the armu. Bn not ?{ - - I deceived, and deceive not others.? ' ' -"P j "Inter anna leges silent.." When the "Rubicon" is passed, the days of this republic will be numbered. You may consider the "gallant State of Texas ' too weak for a contest with the nrmy of the United States. But you should recollect that the cause of Texas, in a j such a conflict, will be the cause of the entire South- And, whether you $ ; consider Santa Fe in danger or nof, you may yet live to see that 15 States ; JWj L of this Union, with 7,000,000 of neo- 's pie, "who, knowing their rights, dare maintain them," cannot he easily conquered 1 "Sapientibusverbummt.1 Yours, most respectfully, ' J A. H. STEPHENS, "Mrs. Jonos, do you ever mean to ' JJ pay for thafobcon of mackeral?V "I certainly do, ploase goodness, Mp. V&i Smith." "Then, when, pray Mrs, j.m Jones?" kAs soon as the old man s Ufr? -