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DETECTIVE GRILLED IT FOR OVE1 In Presence of Judge ? Detailed Story of I In the Frs No Further Evidence in H of Solicitor Dorsey's nation is Gi (Atlanta Journal.) Detective William J. Burns, on the witness stand for a special examina. 1 < I...I IJ..? II II ill una IIOT1 oi'iurv uuu^c wen 11. 11>>>, ..?? grilled by Solicitor General Dorsey about his connection with the Frank, or Mary Phapan murder case, for more than an hour Saturday morninp. The solicitor demonstrated by his questions that he has closely followed the movements of the detective both in Atlanta and the various other cities which he has visited since he became identified with the case. The examination was made in order that the detective's testimony mipht be made a part of the record in the extraordinary motion for a new trial for Frank. The solicitor broupht out the fact tVmr i'vpvv bit of evidence which has been discovered by Burns or his agents is either now a part of the record or is in the hands of the attorneys for the defense. The solicitor developed that Burns has no further evidence, either physical. documentary, or in the form of testimony of witnesses. Tn answer to a question Burns stated that so far as he knows the defense has no witnesses, whose testimony has not been injected into the case. He secured the admission that Burns has discovered proof of no crime committed by Conley. Claims He Was Hampered. By cross-examination Attorney Reuben R. Arnold, of the defense, brought out the statement from the detective that he has been blocked and hampered in hi* work here in a surprising manner. On redirect examination Mr. Burns cited the Montcen Stover and the Conley incidents as "the most outrageous examples of the manner in which his work had been hampered." When Mr. Arnold was asking the witness about the manner in which his work had been hampered, Judge Hill interruppted with this statement: "I am not going to allow this witness to answer any question which reflects upon the verdict of the jury or the decision of the supreme court of Georgia." Dan S. Lehon, a Burns agent, was subpoenaed to appear before Judge Hill but his examination was deferred until Monday. A detailed report of the examination of Detective Burns follows: Mr. Burns arrived in court about five minutes late. lie was accompanied by Attorney Reuben It. Arnold of the Frank defense. Mr. Arnold addressed the court. "We shall ask, your honor, that this proceeding1 be directed in the regular form prescribed by the code ?in other words, that the questions be submitted in writing." Judge Hill overruled the motion. Mr. Burns was directed to take the stand. Solicitor Dorsey swore him, Mr. Burns standing. The solicitor questioned him. Q. You are employed to investigate the murder of Mary Phagan, are you not? A. I am. Q. By whom? A. I was first cm- 1 ployed by Leonard and Herbert Haas. ' Q. Attorneys for Frank? A. Yes. As to Burns' Pay. Q. You have been paid some money, and some more is still due vou? 1 A. Yes. ' ; Q. Is this conditional on your find- ' ing? A. No. Q. Is there a contract in writing. 1 for your services? A. Yes. r? iu? V V Ilcll' l> VIIV UUK'I ciltt* 111 II1V event Frank is liberated through your efforts? A. No difference. ' Q. You have seen Frank in the jail and conferred with him frequently? A. Yes. Q. After you had talked with him a short time, you were quoted in the papers as saying that he was not a pervert. Were you quoted correctly? A. Yes. Q. Do you profess to he able by talking to a man a short while to tell whether he is a pervert? A. No, hut 1 feel that by talking to him I can form a definite conclusion. Q. How do yoj tell that a man is not a pervert? (Objection by Mr. Arnold overruled). A. I am somewhat of a student of human nature. As I work with criminal classes, ! frequently come in contact with them. Q. You consider your opinion in the matter is trustworthy and accurate? A. I do. Q. Did you have any conversation with Jim Conley before you came to the conclusion that he is a pervert ? A. No. "Conley a Pervert." Q. Then in his case you substituted a less trustworthy method? A. Af rer reading tne letters that C'onley j wrote, and after examining the garments of Mary I'hagan, f decided definitely that Conley is a pervert. ( Q. How do you know he wrote the J letters? A. I compared them with the socalled murder notes. Q. Are you a handwriting expert, too? A. No, but there are so many 5 similar characteristics, there is no mistaking the letters. BURNS r DORSEY El AN HOUR [ill, Solicitor Secures detective's Work ink Case. is Possession?Full Story Long Cross-Examiven Below. WIMilAM J. BCKNS. Q. What is your definition of a pervert as applied to Conley? A. Well, there are different types. I would say that Conley is a sexual pervert who satisfies his sexual passion in an unnatural manner. At this point Solicitor Dorsey saw it ciecuve i/iui iA*non, one 01 iur. Ruins' assistants in the court room, and asked that he be excluded. He was. Q. What sort of a pervert do you say Conley is? A. I would say he is a fiendish pervert. Q. What do you mean by that? A. A man who would commit murder to satisfy himself in an unusual way. Q. Is not perversion the crime of civilization and not of savagery? A. I It is the crime of both. Q. Then a pervert would not nec-1 essarily be an ignorant man? A. No, but he might be. Isom's I'art in Case. Q. Mr. Burns, after reading those letters you say Conley wrote, in what way would you say he was a pervert? A. In an unnatural way. Q. Mr. Burns, Mr. Smith, Conley's counsel, gave you an opportunity to see Conley. Why did you not avail yourself of this privilege? A. Because of the restrictions thrown around it. Q. Have you a man named Bob Adams in the employ of your agency A. I have a man named Adams. I don't know whether his first name is Bob. Q. Have you a man named W. W. Rogers, known as Boots Rogers? A. Yes. Q. Have you a man named Charles Isom? A. No. Q. Didn't Charles Isom go to Chicago with you to assist you in your interview with the negro, Aaron Allen ? A. He did not. Q. Didn't you have Allen in your charge for three days and bring isom to Chicago'to interview him? A. No. Q. Isom did come to Chicago to see Allen, didn't he? A. Yes. Q. IIow did he hannen to enmp there to see Allen? Who sent him? A. I received a telegram from Herbert Haas, who said Isom was coming to Chicago and could get the truth out of Allen. Q. Jake Jacobs was there to see Allen, too, wasn't he? A. Yes. Q. Have you got a man named D'Neal working for you? A. Yes. Came With O'Neal. Q. This man O'Neal went to Indianapolis after Allen and brought liim back to you in Chicago while he was sick, didn't he, Mr. Burns? A. 1 don't know anything about him having been sick; but he came to Chicago with O'Neal. Q. Hadn't you interviewed Allen wo or three times before Isom came :o Chicago, and hadn't you obtained an affidavit from him? A. Yes, I iiad talked to him two or three times and had obtained a statement from aim. Q. On the train returning from Chicago, Mr. Burns, didn't you state ,o Isom that you had got the affilavit you wanted from Allen? A. No. Q. Didn't Isom report to you? A. No, I asked him what he got from \llen. He told me nothing much; that ae, Allen, had been placed in a cell ,vith Newt Lee at police headquarters n Atlanta and that Newt Lee had old him, Allen, that he, Newt Lee. was innocent and that a white man lad been put in a cell with Lee and lad told Lee he had better keep his -.1?*- A.. i.i ~--? ?? uuutii diiuu ur iiu wouui us hii in >ad. Q. Mr. Stiles Hopkins was ir. Chi ago, wasn't he? A. Yes, he look Allen's affidavit. Q. What time was Jake Jacobs, the Decatur street pawnbroker, there? A. They were all there about the ?ame time. Q. Jake Jacobs is the man who (Continued on page 15). "THE BURNING OF COLUMBIA." I : ti v (Continued from page 1). w K rents I depicted in as strong lan- 8 guage as I could command the brutal e conduct of the commanding general 11 in allowing his army the privilege b of the city under such circumstances. 1 I never have believed that Sherman '< issued an order for the burning of 11 the city, but as a general who was h familiar with the sentiment of his c men, as openly expressed, what they ' would do when they took the city| he n certainly took no steps to prevem h its destruction. I heard Dr. Good- e wyn, then mayor of the city, tell D>\ Thomson that General Sherman told him to go to bed, that the city would not be destroyed, when at the moment n his men were engaged in setting fire P to the homes of the helpless women v and children. As an eye witness to f those awful scenes, a more bald, un- b truthful statement was never ui- I3 tered than the one said to have been 11 made by General Sherman?that Gen F eral Hampton burned Columbia. It ^ this strain I wrote the letter and gave s it to the lieutenant, who kindly mailed v it, and it reached its -destination in b due time. Accompanying the letto- e was one written by the lieutenant, in * which he expressed but little regret c for the terrible punishment meter out to us. ti Saw Federals Fire State House. v From the time the troops passed 0 the college campus ,till about * o'clock nothing of very special inter- ^ est occurred. It is true fires in dif- { ferent parts of the city had oc? ' curred during the day; but it wa- 2 not until after dark on the 17th of 0 February that the work of fiendish F destruction began. The troops from flirt If., virtue ..oiiirvo Un#?nM ff. ........ - ?. f V..V ?UI tvuo voiaipki utnttll LU JIWUI mini the city like the locusts, the fires bc-p' coming more numerous as darkness T set in. Dr. Thomson and I took our 1 position in the cupola of the college building to watch the progress of the * flames. We saw the Federal soldier ! plainly setting fire to the State house. 1 the light from the burning building * making it light as day. While view- ? ing this awful scene the cry reached } us that the hospital buildings had J caught fire. The wind at this time ' was blowing furiously, and the burn 1 ing embers were falling thick as hail ? Before reaching the ground the crv 1 of lire had reached the ears of the I* helpless and dying men in the hos- j1 pital. These poor creatures wer? ' crawling on their hands and knees 1 from the building to avoid what they! feared would he a more awful death,' than the one which it was only a j' question of a very brief period would 1 relieve them from their mental and 1 physical sufferings. ' The scene that presented itself to j me at that hour can never be effaced from my memory. The sight of these J brave, dying men crawling in their . helplessness from the different wards, the burning embers falling so fast that it required the exertions of an , active person to keep their clothing from being burned on their persons, j the screams of women and children, houses falling, the yells of the drunk- 1 en soldiers; to me it sounded ttorn ^ and does now, on looking bacK%>ir J that night?that no picture by pen or brush could possibly be drawn of the infernal regions that would strike greater terror to the beholder than that presented on the campus of the | South Carolina College on the night of the 17th of February, 18(>r>. The news spread rapidly that the hospital buildings had caught on ft.-x The few of us left on duty were in a measure powerless. We, however, went to work, and it seemed as if superhuman strength was given us. It was discovered that it was not the hospital buildings proper that were on fire, but the roof of Dr. I.aBorde's house, the hospital buildings being on either side of it. While engaged in tearing down some fencing to prevent the spread of the flames the Federal provost marshal guard came on the scene at the double quick, having been apprised of the situation, and knowing that there were then 8 in the hnonifol cnmn 8 ? ut/ui? ui uiuir own i men they soon succeeded in getting on the roof of Dr. LaBorde's house ' and extinguishing the flames. The j sense of relief and gratitude we all felt for the prompt action of those men was shared hy all who witnessed the flaring feat they performed. All immediate danger having passed the sick and wounded were . conveyed back to the different wards. The fierceness of the flames was subsiding for lack of material to subsist upon. As day began to dawn those of us who had been actively engaged during the night went to bed hoping ^ to get some sleep, but that gentle restorer would not come to us. We F were completely unnerved by the or- * deal we had passed through, and could only find rest and composure j in ministering to the wants of those r whose end had been hastened by the thrilling scenes of that never-to-be- j forgotten night. Saturday and Sun- ^ day the wagon trains of the army ^ were passing through the city in great numbers. I was anxious to see ^ to what extent the work of destruction had been carried in the city. I ^ made application to the liteutenant j in command for a permit to go into r the city, which he readily granted. I ^ can never forget the picture of utter ^ desolation that presented itself to j me as 1 entered the state house yard 1 1 1 1.1--- ' ' ' . mi iuukcu imwn main street from " that point to what was then known ^ as Cottontown, now near the site of the present postoffice. There was but one small house left standing; j everything had been swept by the de- j vouring flames. The beautiful granite Corinthian j, caps that took expert workmen from eighteen months to two years to carve one cap, were stored in tern- t porary wooden sheds; those caps . were to bemused to surmount the columns to be placed at the main en trance to the State House. Thes*, s with a vast amount of interior deeo- n rations for the State House, made out o of beautiful Tennessee marble, were h destroyed, the sheds containing them t having been set fire to and entirely t consumed. While walking down Main c street I met a portion of the wagon I train, one that seemingly had no end. \ was jeered at and fun poked at me, s he term Johnny being frequently and i ociferously applied; this, however, c ras indulged in principally by the ne- ' ro drivers, and was called forth, ? f uppose, by me wearing the Confed- > rate uniform. When I got as far t p Main street as the street leading t o Arsenal Hill, I turned to go up i hat direction when an officer gal- < >ped up on horseback and ordered ? le to halt and give. an account of 1 ad received from the lieutenant in t ommand around the hospital build- t ng, which seemed to satisfy him, for 1 nyself. I handed him the permit I 1 e allowed me to proceed, and I wa? l nabled to return without further mo- J estation. ^ I)r. Thomson had a serious prob- ] em to solve. He had under his immediate charge between 180 and 190 1 latients, besides attendants, to pro- ' ide for. He was assisted in caring 1 or the sick by surgeons Babcock of \ Chester, and Edmunds of Fairfield; ' iut the sole responsibility of providng for the wants of those in the hos ital was laid on him. The supply at test was very limited, now that the tores belonging to the Confederacy vere consumed by fire, the railroads orn up and the rails bent and twistd in every conceivable fashion, and Sherman's forces driving before them verything they could consume, and lestroying whatever they could not itilize. It was rumored that orders vould be given to evacuate the city in Monday, the 20th, and if he was o act it must be at once. General O. ). Howard was quartered in Mrs. Mc^ord's house near the college buildng. After some hesitation and misuving, he made up his mind to call in him and make known to him the ?osition he was placed in. He told lim hp Hill lint o minn 1 tn u:?~. 1" 1 ..v/v uj/^vui vu mill or help for himself, for he would < lie in a dungeon before he would ] nake such a request; he came plead- i ng for help in behalf of the helpless 1 ind dying. General Howard's Adju- < ant General, who was present and s teard the doctor's appeal, remarked < n tones heard by the doctor, "See < he Southern chivalry." The appeal vas not in vain, for an order was i ssued to the Federal commissary to ( cave so many cattle for hospital use. 1 Those of us who partook of Federal i >ounty never accused the commis- i ary of picking out for us the choic ! st of the (lock; he certainly donated I o us what in truth could have been ! lassed as some of Pharoah's lean < cine, but for even this we were < hankful. < On Monday, the 20th, the troons ^ iegan to leave the city. Among the j ast I saw go was a detachment ] guarding a manacled soldier, whom I 1 ecognized as one who drove the am- ! mlance attached to the Ladies' Hos- 1 >ital near the Ghnrlnt?r? t c leard that he had been recognized by ! ;ome of the Federals as a deserter J rom their army. What his fate was never learned. j On Tuesday, the 21st, the city was ' ree from the presence of vSherman's ! 'orces, excepting some stragglers, 1 vhom rumor said General Sherman ' old Mayor Goodwyn to deal with in ' i very summary manner. Terrible Task of Burying Dead. 1 P Tho eriw^ement^of the past three * lays had made fearful work among 1 lur noble men. The duty devolved 1 ipon me to make preparation for the 1 juriaf of the dead that had been ac^ ! emulating since the occupation of ] ;he city on the 17th, I found, on ex- * imination, seventeen corpses. It was 1 impossible to procure plank to make * ?mns, and it was with the great- J ;st ditliculty I was able to get a ! ,rench dug to bury them in. There 1 vas no white help I could call upon, 1 ind the negroes were defiant and in- 1 lolent and refused to aid in digging 4 .he graves. I was ,under the circum- ' itances, compelled to use arbitrary 5 neasures. I selected a few of the 1 lospital attendants, armed them with * nuskets, and went Into the city and : impressed such able bodied help as J ve met and marched them to the field * n rear of the president's house in he South Carolina campus and had J i tre nch dug sufficient,to lay side t>> I : tide those seventeen men. As stated, : was unable to procure plank or j lails; all I was able to do for them ! vas to wrap their precious forms up n a sheet, and wherever it was pos- j lible for me to learn their names, 1 vould mark the grave or rather the >osition they occupied in the trench, f vith such material as I could get, in , irder that their friends might remove : hem if desired. The day following 1 . vas compelled to go through a like ixperience and bury eleven more. It 1 vas while engaged in this duty tha. in unpleasant'incident occurred. One < if the negroes employed in digging ' he t rench took a pistol from hisp locket and commenced firing and us- ' ng very strong and defiant language. 1 asked him to desist, as the occasion ? vas too solemn a one to be engaging1 n such boisterous conduct, even if he neant no harm. I asked him to give ne his pistol. This he refused to do. was equally determined that he had 0 show more respect to the dead hen lying in their shrouds. I called in one of the guards to take the pis01 from him. He showed the same esistanee to him, but when he saw he guard reach for his gun he ran ike a horse through a gateway in ear of the president's house and lown the middle of the campus and he guard after him. He refused to alt, and was likely to get the best f the race. The guard, equally delim, filed and brought him down. I lurried to the spot, and found he was vounded in the arm. He was renoved to a building in the rear of 'rof. Reynold's house in the campus. Informed I)r. Thomson of the or urrencc, who went at once to see ? lim and gave his wound prompt and * arefu! treatment. While we deeply 1 egret ted the wounding of the man, he incident had a very salutary ef- ] ect. On the day following we buried even. One of this number was a ? riost worthy female attendant, a wid- \ w, leaving two helpless children. 1 t tad in a manner become accustomed I. o sad sights, but when I realized f hat it would be my painful duty to . onsign her unconfined to the grave, felt then the terrible horrors of war. ' Ve laid her away in a grave by her- i lelf. If ever tears of genuine sorrow were shed it was over the grave >f this poor woman. Her children were not present, and I have no ground for thinking they ever knev. vhere their mother was buried. As natters began to settle down those .hat died later on wefe all decently nterred. It was my melancholy luty from the time the city was dettroyed up to the time of my leaving 'or home, in June, to bury no less ;han seventy-five persons. I doubt ii ;here is one person in Columbia today who knows that such a number of jrave Confederate dead lie at the place described. But a few months igo I visited the place in company with Dr. Woodrow, pointing out the place. (I learn with much pleasure, since writing the foregoing, that the deat auried at the back of the college juilding have been removed and in> terred in the Confederate enclosure n the Elmwood cemetery). Scenes From Columbia to Union. The supplies left by the Federa commissary were being sapidly con sumed; how to get a fresh supply ir the unsettled state of affairs was i serious problem. I received orders from Dr. Thomson to proceed to Un ion, S. C., (his late home and mj iwn), and solicit contributions fron the charitably disposed to help sup port those in hospital until such tim< is permanent means of support couh be obtained. All the railroad lines jut of Columbia had been torn up ind the country through which Shcr man's army had passed laid in ashes Before leaving Columbia I had beei requested by the wife of one of th< professors in the Theological Semi nary to call at her home. She was jne of the many ministering angels who gave much of their time and cars 01 u? .1 i i.u ii? JL unc SILI\. out' imu Ut't'll LU1U LIUl [ had a little one at my house, anc in the goodness of her heart wishe< to send him a present of a nice dress nne that had run the blockade a sonic, of our seaports. She told m< that a part of the house she thei occupied had been used by Colone Stone, commandant of the post dur ing the occupation of the city bj the Federal forces. She pointed ou to me pieces of her furniture, sucl as her sideboard, and one piece hav ing a number of drawers, that th< soldiers had used the butt ends o their guns to break open and tak< such articles of provisions as thei :ontained, emptied them out on th< carpet, and mixed all together, ren tiering them unfit for human use Had the statement been made by on< not immediately concerned, I woul< have thought the picture overdrawn it was told me, however, by the per son sustaining the injury and whosi noble Christian character was un luestioncd. It seemed scarcely pos sible for one in human form to b< guilty of such fiendish conduct. Having made the necessary prep^ rations to go to Union, I left Colum nia for Blackstocks on the Charlott< and Columbia Railroad. Only thosi who followed in the track of Sher man's devastating army can form i Taint idea of the ruin and desolatioi in the country through which tht irmy passed. The country seemet ieserted by man and beast. All tha< EVas left of nnee Viannu onrl ible homes was the charred ember! ind the lonely chimneys, standing a: ?rim monuments to mark the vandal sm perpetrated upon helpless womer ind children. My march was a lone y and painful one. I had not trav ;led many miles before I became al nost crippled. I had drawn froir he quartermaster some time prev ous a pair of coarse brogan shoes ind equally coarse socks, which ] ,vas then wearing for the first time The coarseness of the yarn of whicl he socks was made, made my fee' >o painful I could scarcely walk. Th< >nly relief afforded me (which provec ifterwards anything but relief) was ;o try it barefooted. I was then go ng through a section of countrj ihounding in sharp flint rocks. Al ;his time my strength and spirits ,vere at a very low ebb. It was get ing dark, the sun having set some ,ime previous, and a drizzling rair jegan to fall. I felt that I coulr lold out only for a short time, anc lad picked out a tree I saw in th< listance I would take shelter undei 'or the night. Just as I neared the tree I saw t ihort distance ahead of me a lighl 'rom a window. I approached the louse with considerable trepidation cnowing how badly those people hac >een treated by our men and the Fed>ral forces. To my great joy I was most corlially received, and on telling mj nission, the lady of the house (s?. >eing the only white occupant) die everything possible for my comfort iler sympathies were deeply movei it the pitiable plight I was in. Nc nother could have bestowed more ;enderness upon her own boy thai the showed me. She had only one ittle colored boy about the place, sc ar as 1 could see. After providing i plain but enjoyable supper, she lad the boy to get a tub of want vater and salt to bathe my feet in [ then retired and enjoyed one of the nost delightful night's rest that was jossible for one to enjoy under such ;rying circumstances. Early nexl norning I was ready to proceed upor ny journey. My kind hostess hac >1 cuMusi in reauinesp ior me. I of'ered to pay her for the marked kindless shown me, but she positively efused to accept any compensation It was my experience that tne many ittle acts of kindness shown me or ny trip were from those who hac >een stripped of nearly everything hey possessed by the different irmies. In those sections not invad;d the people were much more selfsh. In passing through Fairfield county [ passed the former home of Dr Smith. It was fired by the Federa irmy and entirely consumed. I countid seventeen horses and mules lying 1 round the premises, near to when he house stood, that had been shot nd killed by Sherman's vandals. The jolicy pursued by the commanding general, and faithfully carried out iy his subordinates, was to destvoy >y fire or rifle everything they could lot appropriate to their own use. On thd third day after leaving Coi lumbia I reached Shelto"n, in Fairfield i county, and was then told of the conduct of a raiding party said to have been attached to Kilpatrick's cavalry, i They entered a dwelling not far from i the river, occupied by ladies, and de' madned of them their money and ' jewelry. The demand was refused. Thereupon they deliberately took ; burning coals from the fireplace and i threw them upon the beds, setting fire to the bed clothes. Finding they ' could not intimidate the ladies, they ! withdrew. The fire had not made ! much headway and they were able > to extinguish the flames. Some of ' the same troops set fire to the long ; bridge crossing Broad river, belonging to the Spartanburg and Union i railroad. They succeeded in destroy 1 ing two spans of the bridge; the rest 5 was saved by the effort of some of the Home Guards in the vicinity. The } road bed between Shelton and Union and Spartanburg was intact, and I was enabled to reach my home in a 1 short time. Having made my mis sion known, the good people of the l town of Union and the surrounding i country soon had collected a large ? supply of meat and flour and other - things necessary for the sick. Arr rangements were made to ship the i supplies to Shelton, thence by flat - boat to Columbia. I accompanied the i boat, and had the satisfaction of 1 turning over in perfect condition the 5 much-needed and highly-prized re, lief to the surgeon in charge, A. W. - Thomson. I coritinued to discharge . whatever duty was put upon me ilnl til I was relieved on the 1st of Julie, ? 1865, Surgeon Thomson having left - for his home the day previous. The ? few sick then remaining in the hos5 pital were cared for by the Federal i authorities, who-were then garrisont ing the city*. 1 ' j Hooker T. and Railroads. t (Augusta Chronicle.) ? Booker T. Washington has ask\ ed negroes of the United States 1 to set aside Sunday, June 7th, Monday, June 8th. to protest to f railroads against alleged discrimt ination on account of color in , providing passenger accomodations. He has asked that churches , a secret societies, business leagues f and other agencies make appeal to officials of lines that have pro, vided poorer accomodations for j the negro race than for whites. ?Associated Press Telegram. Booker T. Washington will better j serve the best interests of the negro j by going on with his program of . teaching the "brother in black" how to till the soil and progress in the ^ mechanics. _ There was the time that he told the negro to keep off the trains, espece ially the excursion trains. He now concerns himself about the sleeping car berths for them. Sensible negroes will agree that s Booker has gone off on the wrong j track. He must know he is med~ dling with something which is sure [ to stir up strife for the hurt of the j negro and which cannot give any , real benefit to the negro, i Washington's program in the past . l<vrl him a?r?.r -e !! -- " ...... una) num Mollis UK6 cms. For negros he has wrought "rights" to labor, behave and acquire property. The longer the negro avoids crusades for such things as parlor car and lower berth accomodations and the more diligently that he eschews politics, the better his chances for progress. It would be to the negro's advantage if he was not allowed to vote at Jill. Booker may as well be reminded that the white men and women passengers are not to sleep in the same Pullmans with black men and women passengers. Also, that the railroads are not going to put on special Pullman's for the blacks. Alsof that what is here said is true of the white people of the North, the EaU and the West, as well as of the white people of the South. Booker was more level-headed before he is since he dined at the whitehouse. Our Month For Wars. % (Charlotte Observer.) It is a series of historical coincidences worth noting that all our wars (aside from French and Indian trou1 bles) have begun in April. Elsewhere > we have called attention to the coin' cidence between 1898 and 1914. Goj ing back to national beginnings, we may observe that the Battle of Lexington, where the "embattled farmers' stood along the road between Lexington and Concord, Mass. ,and ' "fired the shot heard round the world," occurred on April 19, 1775. ' By common consent it has always been regrded as the initial date of ' the American Revolution. The Colo nial militia, numbering 70 men, were ? dispersed with a loss of eight killed 1 and three wounded, but the news of 5 their stand went through the colonies > like wildfire and was enough. It was accompanied, too, by the tidings that on their return the British troops 1 had been subjected to fire from trees / " * aim .1 ences an along the road and ' compelled to undignified shifts. Our war of 1812 with England be1 gan in April with an embargo det clared by congress, although the for1 mal declaration of war was delayed 1 until July. Our first war with Mexico began 68 years ago, on April 26, 1836, when ' Mexican troops c rossed the Rio. Grande. ' The brief and bloodless but vastly ' momentous seige of Fort Sumter by ' the South Carolina state forces in' augurated our Civil war, when the ^ firing opened on April 16, 1861. And Lee's surrender at Appomattox took filace on April 9, 1866, Johnston's fol-owing on April 26. r It is April that has been our war month, not the month immediately preceding which bears the name of the god of war. Do we feel most ' war-like with the warm onrush of spring? \ Love will push a man into matri' mony, but it takes a lawyer to pull him out. A bright man can learn almost as I much by doing as he does by being done.