The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, May 08, 1914, PART II PAGES 9 TO 16, Page 14, Image 14
DETECTIVE
GRILLED IT
FOR OVE1
In Presence of Judge ?
Detailed Story of I
In the Frs
No Further Evidence in H
of Solicitor Dorsey's
nation is Gi
(Atlanta Journal.)
Detective William J. Burns, on the
witness stand for a special examina.
1 < I...I IJ..? II II ill una
IIOT1 oi'iurv uuu^c wen 11. 11>>>, ..??
grilled by Solicitor General Dorsey
about his connection with the Frank,
or Mary Phapan murder case, for
more than an hour Saturday morninp.
The solicitor demonstrated by his
questions that he has closely followed
the movements of the detective both
in Atlanta and the various other
cities which he has visited since he
became identified with the case.
The examination was made in order
that the detective's testimony mipht
be made a part of the record in the
extraordinary motion for a new trial
for Frank.
The solicitor broupht out the fact
tVmr i'vpvv bit of evidence which has
been discovered by Burns or his
agents is either now a part of the
record or is in the hands of the attorneys
for the defense.
The solicitor developed that Burns
has no further evidence, either physical.
documentary, or in the form
of testimony of witnesses.
Tn answer to a question Burns stated
that so far as he knows the defense
has no witnesses, whose testimony
has not been injected into the
case.
He secured the admission that
Burns has discovered proof of no
crime committed by Conley.
Claims He Was Hampered.
By cross-examination Attorney
Reuben R. Arnold, of the defense,
brought out the statement from the
detective that he has been blocked
and hampered in hi* work here in a
surprising manner. On redirect examination
Mr. Burns cited the Montcen
Stover and the Conley incidents
as "the most outrageous examples of
the manner in which his work had
been hampered."
When Mr. Arnold was asking the
witness about the manner in which
his work had been hampered, Judge
Hill interruppted with this statement:
"I am not going to allow
this witness to answer any question
which reflects upon the verdict of the
jury or the decision of the supreme
court of Georgia."
Dan S. Lehon, a Burns agent, was
subpoenaed to appear before Judge
Hill but his examination was deferred
until Monday.
A detailed report of the examination
of Detective Burns follows:
Mr. Burns arrived in court about
five minutes late. lie was accompanied
by Attorney Reuben It. Arnold
of the Frank defense.
Mr. Arnold addressed the court.
"We shall ask, your honor, that
this proceeding1 be directed in the
regular form prescribed by the code
?in other words, that the questions
be submitted in writing."
Judge Hill overruled the motion.
Mr. Burns was directed to take the
stand. Solicitor Dorsey swore him,
Mr. Burns standing. The solicitor
questioned him.
Q. You are employed to investigate
the murder of Mary Phagan, are you
not? A. I am.
Q. By whom? A. I was first cm- 1
ployed by Leonard and Herbert Haas. '
Q. Attorneys for Frank? A. Yes.
As to Burns' Pay.
Q. You have been paid some money,
and some more is still due vou? 1
A. Yes. ' ;
Q. Is this conditional on your find- '
ing? A. No.
Q. Is there a contract in writing. 1
for your services? A. Yes.
r? iu?
V V Ilcll' l> VIIV UUK'I ciltt* 111 II1V
event Frank is liberated through your
efforts? A. No difference. '
Q. You have seen Frank in the jail
and conferred with him frequently?
A. Yes.
Q. After you had talked with him
a short time, you were quoted in the
papers as saying that he was not a
pervert. Were you quoted correctly?
A. Yes.
Q. Do you profess to he able by
talking to a man a short while to tell
whether he is a pervert? A. No, hut
1 feel that by talking to him I can
form a definite conclusion.
Q. How do yoj tell that a man is
not a pervert? (Objection by Mr.
Arnold overruled). A. I am somewhat
of a student of human nature.
As I work with criminal classes, !
frequently come in contact with
them.
Q. You consider your opinion in the
matter is trustworthy and accurate?
A. I do.
Q. Did you have any conversation
with Jim Conley before you came
to the conclusion that he is a pervert ?
A. No.
"Conley a Pervert."
Q. Then in his case you substituted
a less trustworthy method? A. Af
rer reading tne letters that C'onley j
wrote, and after examining the garments
of Mary I'hagan, f decided
definitely that Conley is a pervert. (
Q. How do you know he wrote the J
letters? A. I compared them with
the socalled murder notes.
Q. Are you a handwriting expert,
too? A. No, but there are so many 5
similar characteristics, there is no
mistaking the letters.
BURNS
r DORSEY
El AN HOUR
[ill, Solicitor Secures
detective's Work
ink Case.
is Possession?Full Story
Long Cross-Examiven
Below.
WIMilAM J. BCKNS.
Q. What is your definition of a pervert
as applied to Conley? A. Well,
there are different types. I would
say that Conley is a sexual pervert
who satisfies his sexual passion in an
unnatural manner.
At this point Solicitor Dorsey saw
it ciecuve i/iui iA*non, one 01 iur.
Ruins' assistants in the court room,
and asked that he be excluded. He
was.
Q. What sort of a pervert do you
say Conley is? A. I would say he is
a fiendish pervert.
Q. What do you mean by that?
A. A man who would commit murder
to satisfy himself in an unusual way.
Q. Is not perversion the crime of
civilization and not of savagery? A. I
It is the crime of both.
Q. Then a pervert would not nec-1
essarily be an ignorant man? A. No,
but he might be.
Isom's I'art in Case.
Q. Mr. Burns, after reading those
letters you say Conley wrote, in what
way would you say he was a pervert?
A. In an unnatural way.
Q. Mr. Burns, Mr. Smith, Conley's
counsel, gave you an opportunity to
see Conley. Why did you not avail
yourself of this privilege? A. Because
of the restrictions thrown
around it.
Q. Have you a man named Bob
Adams in the employ of your agency
A. I have a man named Adams.
I don't know whether his first name
is Bob.
Q. Have you a man named W. W.
Rogers, known as Boots Rogers? A.
Yes.
Q. Have you a man named Charles
Isom? A. No.
Q. Didn't Charles Isom go to Chicago
with you to assist you in your
interview with the negro, Aaron Allen
? A. He did not.
Q. Didn't you have Allen in your
charge for three days and bring isom
to Chicago'to interview him? A. No.
Q. Isom did come to Chicago to see
Allen, didn't he? A. Yes.
Q. IIow did he hannen to enmp
there to see Allen? Who sent him?
A. I received a telegram from Herbert
Haas, who said Isom was coming
to Chicago and could get the
truth out of Allen.
Q. Jake Jacobs was there to see
Allen, too, wasn't he? A. Yes.
Q. Have you got a man named
D'Neal working for you? A. Yes.
Came With O'Neal.
Q. This man O'Neal went to Indianapolis
after Allen and brought
liim back to you in Chicago while he
was sick, didn't he, Mr. Burns? A.
1 don't know anything about him
having been sick; but he came to
Chicago with O'Neal.
Q. Hadn't you interviewed Allen
wo or three times before Isom came
:o Chicago, and hadn't you obtained
an affidavit from him? A. Yes, I
iiad talked to him two or three times
and had obtained a statement from
aim.
Q. On the train returning from
Chicago, Mr. Burns, didn't you state
,o Isom that you had got the affilavit
you wanted from Allen? A.
No.
Q. Didn't Isom report to you? A.
No, I asked him what he got from
\llen. He told me nothing much; that
ae, Allen, had been placed in a cell
,vith Newt Lee at police headquarters
n Atlanta and that Newt Lee had
old him, Allen, that he, Newt Lee.
was innocent and that a white man
lad been put in a cell with Lee and
lad told Lee he had better keep his
-.1?*- A.. i.i ~--? ??
uuutii diiuu ur iiu wouui us hii in
>ad.
Q. Mr. Stiles Hopkins was ir. Chi ago,
wasn't he? A. Yes, he look
Allen's affidavit.
Q. What time was Jake Jacobs, the
Decatur street pawnbroker, there?
A. They were all there about the
?ame time.
Q. Jake Jacobs is the man who
(Continued on page 15).
"THE BURNING OF COLUMBIA." I
: ti
v
(Continued from page 1). w
K
rents I depicted in as strong lan- 8
guage as I could command the brutal e
conduct of the commanding general 11
in allowing his army the privilege b
of the city under such circumstances. 1
I never have believed that Sherman '<
issued an order for the burning of 11
the city, but as a general who was h
familiar with the sentiment of his c
men, as openly expressed, what they '
would do when they took the city| he n
certainly took no steps to prevem h
its destruction. I heard Dr. Good- e
wyn, then mayor of the city, tell D>\
Thomson that General Sherman told
him to go to bed, that the city would
not be destroyed, when at the moment n
his men were engaged in setting fire P
to the homes of the helpless women v
and children. As an eye witness to f
those awful scenes, a more bald, un- b
truthful statement was never ui- I3
tered than the one said to have been 11
made by General Sherman?that Gen F
eral Hampton burned Columbia. It ^
this strain I wrote the letter and gave s
it to the lieutenant, who kindly mailed v
it, and it reached its -destination in b
due time. Accompanying the letto- e
was one written by the lieutenant, in *
which he expressed but little regret c
for the terrible punishment meter
out to us. ti
Saw Federals Fire State House. v
From the time the troops passed 0
the college campus ,till about *
o'clock nothing of very special inter- ^
est occurred. It is true fires in dif- {
ferent parts of the city had oc? '
curred during the day; but it wa- 2
not until after dark on the 17th of 0
February that the work of fiendish F
destruction began. The troops from
flirt If., virtue ..oiiirvo Un#?nM ff. ........ - ?. f
V..V ?UI tvuo voiaipki utnttll LU JIWUI mini the
city like the locusts, the fires bc-p'
coming more numerous as darkness T
set in. Dr. Thomson and I took our 1
position in the cupola of the college
building to watch the progress of the *
flames. We saw the Federal soldier !
plainly setting fire to the State house. 1
the light from the burning building *
making it light as day. While view- ?
ing this awful scene the cry reached }
us that the hospital buildings had J
caught fire. The wind at this time '
was blowing furiously, and the burn 1
ing embers were falling thick as hail ?
Before reaching the ground the crv 1
of lire had reached the ears of the I*
helpless and dying men in the hos- j1
pital. These poor creatures wer? '
crawling on their hands and knees 1
from the building to avoid what they!
feared would he a more awful death,'
than the one which it was only a j'
question of a very brief period would 1
relieve them from their mental and 1
physical sufferings. '
The scene that presented itself to j
me at that hour can never be effaced
from my memory. The sight of these J
brave, dying men crawling in their .
helplessness from the different wards,
the burning embers falling so fast
that it required the exertions of an ,
active person to keep their clothing
from being burned on their persons, j
the screams of women and children,
houses falling, the yells of the drunk- 1
en soldiers; to me it sounded ttorn ^
and does now, on looking bacK%>ir J
that night?that no picture by pen or
brush could possibly be drawn of the
infernal regions that would strike
greater terror to the beholder than
that presented on the campus of the
| South Carolina College on the night
of the 17th of February, 18(>r>.
The news spread rapidly that the
hospital buildings had caught on ft.-x
The few of us left on duty were in a
measure powerless. We, however,
went to work, and it seemed as if
superhuman strength was given us. It
was discovered that it was not the
hospital buildings proper that were
on fire, but the roof of Dr. I.aBorde's
house, the hospital buildings being
on either side of it. While engaged
in tearing down some fencing to prevent
the spread of the flames the
Federal provost marshal guard came
on the scene at the double quick, having
been apprised of the situation,
and knowing that there were then 8
in the hnonifol cnmn 8
? ut/ui? ui uiuir own i
men they soon succeeded in getting
on the roof of Dr. LaBorde's house '
and extinguishing the flames. The j
sense of relief and gratitude we all
felt for the prompt action of those
men was shared hy all who witnessed
the flaring feat they performed.
All immediate danger having
passed the sick and wounded were .
conveyed back to the different wards.
The fierceness of the flames was subsiding
for lack of material to subsist
upon. As day began to dawn those
of us who had been actively engaged
during the night went to bed hoping ^
to get some sleep, but that gentle restorer
would not come to us. We F
were completely unnerved by the or- *
deal we had passed through, and
could only find rest and composure j
in ministering to the wants of those r
whose end had been hastened by the
thrilling scenes of that never-to-be- j
forgotten night. Saturday and Sun- ^
day the wagon trains of the army ^
were passing through the city in
great numbers. I was anxious to see ^
to what extent the work of destruction
had been carried in the city. I ^
made application to the liteutenant j
in command for a permit to go into r
the city, which he readily granted. I ^
can never forget the picture of utter ^
desolation that presented itself to j
me as 1 entered the state house yard
1 1 1 1.1--- ' ' '
. mi iuukcu imwn main street from "
that point to what was then known ^
as Cottontown, now near the site of
the present postoffice. There was
but one small house left standing; j
everything had been swept by the de- j
vouring flames.
The beautiful granite Corinthian j,
caps that took expert workmen from
eighteen months to two years to
carve one cap, were stored in tern- t
porary wooden sheds; those caps .
were to bemused to surmount the columns
to be placed at the main en
trance to the State House. Thes*, s
with a vast amount of interior deeo- n
rations for the State House, made out o
of beautiful Tennessee marble, were h
destroyed, the sheds containing them t
having been set fire to and entirely t
consumed. While walking down Main c
street I met a portion of the wagon I
train, one that seemingly had no end. \
was jeered at and fun poked at me, s
he term Johnny being frequently and i
ociferously applied; this, however, c
ras indulged in principally by the ne- '
ro drivers, and was called forth, ? f
uppose, by me wearing the Confed- >
rate uniform. When I got as far t
p Main street as the street leading t
o Arsenal Hill, I turned to go up i
hat direction when an officer gal- <
>ped up on horseback and ordered ?
le to halt and give. an account of 1
ad received from the lieutenant in t
ommand around the hospital build- t
ng, which seemed to satisfy him, for 1
nyself. I handed him the permit I 1
e allowed me to proceed, and I wa? l
nabled to return without further mo- J
estation. ^
I)r. Thomson had a serious prob- ]
em to solve. He had under his immediate
charge between 180 and 190 1
latients, besides attendants, to pro- '
ide for. He was assisted in caring 1
or the sick by surgeons Babcock of \
Chester, and Edmunds of Fairfield; '
iut the sole responsibility of providng
for the wants of those in the hos ital
was laid on him. The supply at
test was very limited, now that the
tores belonging to the Confederacy
vere consumed by fire, the railroads
orn up and the rails bent and twistd
in every conceivable fashion, and
Sherman's forces driving before them
verything they could consume, and
lestroying whatever they could not
itilize. It was rumored that orders
vould be given to evacuate the city
in Monday, the 20th, and if he was
o act it must be at once. General O.
). Howard was quartered in Mrs. Mc^ord's
house near the college buildng.
After some hesitation and misuving,
he made up his mind to call
in him and make known to him the
?osition he was placed in. He told
lim hp Hill lint o minn 1 tn u:?~. 1" 1
..v/v uj/^vui vu mill
or help for himself, for he would <
lie in a dungeon before he would ]
nake such a request; he came plead- i
ng for help in behalf of the helpless 1
ind dying. General Howard's Adju- <
ant General, who was present and s
teard the doctor's appeal, remarked <
n tones heard by the doctor, "See <
he Southern chivalry." The appeal
vas not in vain, for an order was i
ssued to the Federal commissary to (
cave so many cattle for hospital use. 1
Those of us who partook of Federal i
>ounty never accused the commis- i
ary of picking out for us the choic !
st of the (lock; he certainly donated I
o us what in truth could have been !
lassed as some of Pharoah's lean <
cine, but for even this we were <
hankful. <
On Monday, the 20th, the troons ^
iegan to leave the city. Among the j
ast I saw go was a detachment ]
guarding a manacled soldier, whom I 1
ecognized as one who drove the am- !
mlance attached to the Ladies' Hos- 1
>ital near the Ghnrlnt?r? t c
leard that he had been recognized by !
;ome of the Federals as a deserter J
rom their army. What his fate was
never learned. j
On Tuesday, the 21st, the city was '
ree from the presence of vSherman's !
'orces, excepting some stragglers, 1
vhom rumor said General Sherman '
old Mayor Goodwyn to deal with in '
i very summary manner.
Terrible Task of Burying Dead. 1
P Tho eriw^ement^of the past three *
lays had made fearful work among 1
lur noble men. The duty devolved 1
ipon me to make preparation for the 1
juriaf of the dead that had been ac^ !
emulating since the occupation of ]
;he city on the 17th, I found, on ex- *
imination, seventeen corpses. It was 1
impossible to procure plank to make *
?mns, and it was with the great- J
;st ditliculty I was able to get a !
,rench dug to bury them in. There 1
vas no white help I could call upon, 1
ind the negroes were defiant and in- 1
lolent and refused to aid in digging 4
.he graves. I was ,under the circum- '
itances, compelled to use arbitrary 5
neasures. I selected a few of the 1
lospital attendants, armed them with *
nuskets, and went Into the city and :
impressed such able bodied help as J
ve met and marched them to the field *
n rear of the president's house in
he South Carolina campus and had J
i tre nch dug sufficient,to lay side t>> I :
tide those seventeen men. As stated, :
was unable to procure plank or j
lails; all I was able to do for them !
vas to wrap their precious forms up
n a sheet, and wherever it was pos- j
lible for me to learn their names, 1
vould mark the grave or rather the
>osition they occupied in the trench, f
vith such material as I could get, in ,
irder that their friends might remove :
hem if desired. The day following 1 .
vas compelled to go through a like
ixperience and bury eleven more. It 1
vas while engaged in this duty tha.
in unpleasant'incident occurred. One <
if the negroes employed in digging '
he t rench took a pistol from hisp
locket and commenced firing and us- '
ng very strong and defiant language. 1
asked him to desist, as the occasion ?
vas too solemn a one to be engaging1
n such boisterous conduct, even if he
neant no harm. I asked him to give
ne his pistol. This he refused to do.
was equally determined that he had
0 show more respect to the dead
hen lying in their shrouds. I called
in one of the guards to take the pis01
from him. He showed the same
esistanee to him, but when he saw
he guard reach for his gun he ran
ike a horse through a gateway in
ear of the president's house and
lown the middle of the campus and
he guard after him. He refused to
alt, and was likely to get the best
f the race. The guard, equally delim,
filed and brought him down. I
lurried to the spot, and found he was
vounded in the arm. He was renoved
to a building in the rear of
'rof. Reynold's house in the campus.
Informed I)r. Thomson of the or
urrencc, who went at once to see ?
lim and gave his wound prompt and *
arefu! treatment. While we deeply 1
egret ted the wounding of the man,
he incident had a very salutary ef- ]
ect.
On the day following we buried
even. One of this number was a ?
riost worthy female attendant, a wid- \
w, leaving two helpless children. 1 t
tad in a manner become accustomed I.
o sad sights, but when I realized f
hat it would be my painful duty to .
onsign her unconfined to the grave,
felt then the terrible horrors of war. '
Ve laid her away in a grave by her- i
lelf. If ever tears of genuine sorrow
were shed it was over the grave
>f this poor woman. Her children
were not present, and I have no
ground for thinking they ever knev.
vhere their mother was buried. As
natters began to settle down those
.hat died later on wefe all decently
nterred. It was my melancholy
luty from the time the city was dettroyed
up to the time of my leaving
'or home, in June, to bury no less
;han seventy-five persons. I doubt ii
;here is one person in Columbia today
who knows that such a number of
jrave Confederate dead lie at the
place described. But a few months
igo I visited the place in company
with Dr. Woodrow, pointing out the
place.
(I learn with much pleasure, since
writing the foregoing, that the deat
auried at the back of the college
juilding have been removed and in>
terred in the Confederate enclosure
n the Elmwood cemetery).
Scenes From Columbia to Union.
The supplies left by the Federa
commissary were being sapidly con
sumed; how to get a fresh supply ir
the unsettled state of affairs was i
serious problem. I received orders
from Dr. Thomson to proceed to Un
ion, S. C., (his late home and mj
iwn), and solicit contributions fron
the charitably disposed to help sup
port those in hospital until such tim<
is permanent means of support couh
be obtained. All the railroad lines
jut of Columbia had been torn up
ind the country through which Shcr
man's army had passed laid in ashes
Before leaving Columbia I had beei
requested by the wife of one of th<
professors in the Theological Semi
nary to call at her home. She was
jne of the many ministering angels
who gave much of their time and cars
01 u? .1 i i.u ii?
JL unc SILI\. out' imu Ut't'll LU1U LIUl
[ had a little one at my house, anc
in the goodness of her heart wishe<
to send him a present of a nice dress
nne that had run the blockade a
sonic, of our seaports. She told m<
that a part of the house she thei
occupied had been used by Colone
Stone, commandant of the post dur
ing the occupation of the city bj
the Federal forces. She pointed ou
to me pieces of her furniture, sucl
as her sideboard, and one piece hav
ing a number of drawers, that th<
soldiers had used the butt ends o
their guns to break open and tak<
such articles of provisions as thei
:ontained, emptied them out on th<
carpet, and mixed all together, ren
tiering them unfit for human use
Had the statement been made by on<
not immediately concerned, I woul<
have thought the picture overdrawn
it was told me, however, by the per
son sustaining the injury and whosi
noble Christian character was un
luestioncd. It seemed scarcely pos
sible for one in human form to b<
guilty of such fiendish conduct.
Having made the necessary prep^
rations to go to Union, I left Colum
nia for Blackstocks on the Charlott<
and Columbia Railroad. Only thosi
who followed in the track of Sher
man's devastating army can form i
Taint idea of the ruin and desolatioi
in the country through which tht
irmy passed. The country seemet
ieserted by man and beast. All tha<
EVas left of nnee Viannu onrl
ible homes was the charred ember!
ind the lonely chimneys, standing a:
?rim monuments to mark the vandal
sm perpetrated upon helpless womer
ind children. My march was a lone
y and painful one. I had not trav
;led many miles before I became al
nost crippled. I had drawn froir
he quartermaster some time prev
ous a pair of coarse brogan shoes
ind equally coarse socks, which ]
,vas then wearing for the first time
The coarseness of the yarn of whicl
he socks was made, made my fee'
>o painful I could scarcely walk. Th<
>nly relief afforded me (which provec
ifterwards anything but relief) was
;o try it barefooted. I was then go
ng through a section of countrj
ihounding in sharp flint rocks. Al
;his time my strength and spirits
,vere at a very low ebb. It was get
ing dark, the sun having set some
,ime previous, and a drizzling rair
jegan to fall. I felt that I coulr
lold out only for a short time, anc
lad picked out a tree I saw in th<
listance I would take shelter undei
'or the night.
Just as I neared the tree I saw t
ihort distance ahead of me a lighl
'rom a window. I approached the
louse with considerable trepidation
cnowing how badly those people hac
>een treated by our men and the Fed>ral
forces.
To my great joy I was most corlially
received, and on telling mj
nission, the lady of the house (s?.
>eing the only white occupant) die
everything possible for my comfort
iler sympathies were deeply movei
it the pitiable plight I was in. Nc
nother could have bestowed more
;enderness upon her own boy thai
the showed me. She had only one
ittle colored boy about the place, sc
ar as 1 could see. After providing
i plain but enjoyable supper, she
lad the boy to get a tub of want
vater and salt to bathe my feet in
[ then retired and enjoyed one of the
nost delightful night's rest that was
jossible for one to enjoy under such
;rying circumstances. Early nexl
norning I was ready to proceed upor
ny journey. My kind hostess hac
>1 cuMusi in reauinesp ior me. I of'ered
to pay her for the marked kindless
shown me, but she positively
efused to accept any compensation
It was my experience that tne many
ittle acts of kindness shown me or
ny trip were from those who hac
>een stripped of nearly everything
hey possessed by the different
irmies. In those sections not invad;d
the people were much more selfsh.
In passing through Fairfield county
[ passed the former home of Dr
Smith. It was fired by the Federa
irmy and entirely consumed. I countid
seventeen horses and mules lying
1 round the premises, near to when
he house stood, that had been shot
nd killed by Sherman's vandals. The
jolicy pursued by the commanding
general, and faithfully carried out
iy his subordinates, was to destvoy
>y fire or rifle everything they could
lot appropriate to their own use.
On thd third day after leaving Coi
lumbia I reached Shelto"n, in Fairfield
i county, and was then told of the conduct
of a raiding party said to have
been attached to Kilpatrick's cavalry,
i They entered a dwelling not far from
i the river, occupied by ladies, and de'
madned of them their money and
' jewelry. The demand was refused.
Thereupon they deliberately took
; burning coals from the fireplace and
i threw them upon the beds, setting
fire to the bed clothes. Finding they
' could not intimidate the ladies, they
! withdrew. The fire had not made
! much headway and they were able
> to extinguish the flames. Some of
' the same troops set fire to the long
; bridge crossing Broad river, belonging
to the Spartanburg and Union
i railroad. They succeeded in destroy
1 ing two spans of the bridge; the rest
5 was saved by the effort of some of
the Home Guards in the vicinity. The
} road bed between Shelton and Union
and Spartanburg was intact, and I
was enabled to reach my home in a
1 short time. Having made my mis
sion known, the good people of the
l town of Union and the surrounding
i country soon had collected a large
? supply of meat and flour and other
- things necessary for the sick. Arr
rangements were made to ship the
i supplies to Shelton, thence by flat
- boat to Columbia. I accompanied the
i boat, and had the satisfaction of
1 turning over in perfect condition the
5 much-needed and highly-prized re,
lief to the surgeon in charge, A. W.
- Thomson. I coritinued to discharge
. whatever duty was put upon me ilnl
til I was relieved on the 1st of Julie,
? 1865, Surgeon Thomson having left
- for his home the day previous. The
? few sick then remaining in the hos5
pital were cared for by the Federal
i authorities, who-were then garrisont
ing the city*.
1 '
j Hooker T. and Railroads.
t (Augusta Chronicle.)
? Booker T. Washington has ask\
ed negroes of the United States
1 to set aside Sunday, June 7th,
Monday, June 8th. to protest to
f railroads against alleged discrimt
ination on account of color in
, providing passenger accomodations.
He has asked that churches ,
a secret societies, business leagues
f and other agencies make appeal
to officials of lines that have pro,
vided poorer accomodations for
j the negro race than for whites.
?Associated Press Telegram.
Booker T. Washington will better
j serve the best interests of the negro
j by going on with his program of
. teaching the "brother in black" how
to till the soil and progress in the
^ mechanics.
_ There was the time that he told the
negro to keep off the trains, espece
ially the excursion trains. He now
concerns himself about the sleeping
car berths for them.
Sensible negroes will agree that
s Booker has gone off on the wrong
j track. He must know he is med~
dling with something which is sure
[ to stir up strife for the hurt of the
j negro and which cannot give any
, real benefit to the negro,
i Washington's program in the past
. l<vrl him a?r?.r -e !! -- "
...... una) num Mollis UK6 cms.
For negros he has wrought "rights"
to labor, behave and acquire property.
The longer the negro avoids crusades
for such things as parlor car
and lower berth accomodations and
the more diligently that he eschews
politics, the better his chances for
progress. It would be to the negro's
advantage if he was not allowed to
vote at Jill. Booker may as well be
reminded that the white men and women
passengers are not to sleep in
the same Pullmans with black men
and women passengers. Also, that the
railroads are not going to put on
special Pullman's for the blacks. Alsof
that what is here said is true
of the white people of the North, the
EaU and the West, as well as of the
white people of the South.
Booker was more level-headed before
he is since he dined at the whitehouse.
Our Month For Wars. %
(Charlotte Observer.)
It is a series of historical coincidences
worth noting that all our wars
(aside from French and Indian trou1
bles) have begun in April. Elsewhere
> we have called attention to the coin'
cidence between 1898 and 1914. Goj
ing back to national beginnings, we
may observe that the Battle of Lexington,
where the "embattled farmers'
stood along the road between
Lexington and Concord, Mass. ,and
' "fired the shot heard round the
world," occurred on April 19, 1775.
' By common consent it has always
been regrded as the initial date of
' the American Revolution. The Colo
nial militia, numbering 70 men, were
? dispersed with a loss of eight killed
1 and three wounded, but the news of
5 their stand went through the colonies
> like wildfire and was enough. It was
accompanied, too, by the tidings that
on their return the British troops
1 had been subjected to fire from trees
/ " *
aim .1 ences an along the road and
' compelled to undignified shifts.
Our war of 1812 with England be1
gan in April with an embargo det
clared by congress, although the for1
mal declaration of war was delayed
1 until July.
Our first war with Mexico began
68 years ago, on April 26, 1836, when
' Mexican troops c rossed the Rio.
Grande.
' The brief and bloodless but vastly
' momentous seige of Fort Sumter by
' the South Carolina state forces in'
augurated our Civil war, when the
^ firing opened on April 16, 1861. And
Lee's surrender at Appomattox took
filace on April 9, 1866, Johnston's fol-owing
on April 26.
r It is April that has been our war
month, not the month immediately
preceding which bears the name of
the god of war. Do we feel most
' war-like with the warm onrush of
spring?
\ Love will push a man into matri'
mony, but it takes a lawyer to pull
him out.
A bright man can learn almost as
I much by doing as he does by being
done.