University of South Carolina Libraries
^I'MCLK UEORUK'8" KABKWBL1 l*he Aged SUtHman Make* the LmI Speech of the Session. i Below is given tho farewell speech of "Uncle"' Georgo Tillman, doliverod [to the Constitutional convention, when be was so enthusiastically called for a1 the close of the convention's proceedings on the final night. It was the last speech made in the convention. 'It was listened to with the closest attention. It deals with the Federal W>utlook in au interesting maunor. Here is the speech in full: Mr. Pressdent aud gentlemen of the convention: I had no expectation ol being invited to address tho convention ou?nothing in particular and everything in general. But since I have been called on in such a complimentary manner, T would either be more or less than a mnu if I did not thank the convention for such a compliment. Mr. President, we can nil hope r great deal from the Constitution wt have adopted. It is not such au instrument as we would have made if wt had been a free people. We are not n free people. We have not been (luct the war. I fear it will be some time before we cau call ourselves free. I have had that fact very painfully irn pressed upon me for several years. I we were free, instead of huviug ncgrc aunrage. wo would have negro shivery Iusteud of having the United State: government wo would have the ('on federate States government. I astern' t" paying 8^,000,000 peusiou tribute, wo would be receiving it. Instead o having many tilings that we have, w< would have other and better things Hut to the exteut that we are permittei to govern ourselves and pay peusioi tribute to our conquerors, we huv? framed as good au organic law, take i' its a whole, as the wisdom aud patriot ism of the State could have desired. Perhaps, sir, if I were to speuk ap propriately on such an occasion as this I ought to speak from a national poim of view?about our Federal relation: aud about our future as forecasted bj our present surroundings. But it i: too vast a subject to be taken olfhaud. The convention, though is tired out IV! any of them are making preparation! to go home, aud I shall therefore not attempt it. I will eisujilly alludo to a few mat ters iu national polities which gave nu hope of a better future for us. Oue i< the fact that I aui satisfied that tin Republican party has adopted a nev departure towards the negro. Tin silver question has to a great exton superceded the uegro ipieatiou. I was the silver questiou that saved n< from not only more reeonstructiot i??li ivtun *!...* 1 *1.. ? in K'tru.lMlb (Ulll n?VUU llil" l'l U munt of the United States from l*eiiif revolutionized from top to bottom The Lodge force bill under Heed' manipulation, passed the house of re vp? and came within a om did we come to form of Rovftriimc^ rerthrowu, nu? yet South CTarolini * were wruuglitq over local mutte*.l here, simply scrambling for otlice without any priu ciple at stake and didn't seem ti realize how near we were to having i; a political volcano exploded under out feet. Free silver saved us. The fret uiiver senators said: "We are inort interested in free silver than we are in the rights or wrongs of the negro. And as the south is almost unaniiuoio for free silver, we would be a parcel of fools to help the eastern States op press the south on the negro question.' Free silver then saved us in IH'.M), anil T believe gentlemen, free silver will nave us in the presence of the overwhelming Republican sentiment thai now dominates the north. Not only dominates the north, but all the border slave States. Remember Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Nortl; Carolina, Tennessee and Missouri all went Republican at the last election on account of the Federal election lavt bring repealed. The free silver question will not die soon. It is a living question. It has Mr. much vitality a- the negro question over had. Of course, Disraeli was light when he said a raee issue in polities was the most vital that ever could he started. Ihit a financial question like free silver is almost as strong. It will he years perhaps hefore the silver question is finally settled, and until it is the negro question will he relegated to the rear. The Republicans realize that the negro question is a secondary question now, and hence it was they consented to the repeal of the Federal election laws, which gave them hack the southern border states, and those herder States have gone to the Republican party to stay. They have cone where they naturally belong. Hence there is no more solid Democratic south. We are (.o find other alliances and economic issues arc to take the place of the once great issue. Besides, the Republicans, when they chose to exercise it, without passing any law, euu exercise gn at powi r over the south?admitting or excluding her representatives < r .senators They will he put to the test whether they will he willing to shut the doorsof congress to tie- South Carolina representatives in the present congress. Not ft cling the necessitv for it in the house, they may not do it ,.v ... - I - o - .. . |.v r.??in? I.nni i n Hire 11)1 V III:IV t?'il it necessary to keep tlx- ii?gru iu In ::rt. to retain the balance of poun hi 11n; liortln rn States, which ait controlled 1?v tiif negro votes because t!ii'_v liuve t> tin something occasional |y to warm that race up. Hut I am satisfied they have adopted a ru w departure. They are tlividetl theiu.se]veil oil the silver question. The east is not k did for silnr. The west Int. a huge majority ot silver and today the imIv two print iples left to the In ne* eratie paitv in ^outli Carolina are < nimty t" 'lev- I>t:i 1 ami fri? mlship to free -ilver and t m -ilver senators w ill llot p< ! lilt IInv ! islatioli on the t. I 11 ;e? t ion ati I the courts hase rtiiiy shown t' it they are uv>t eager s to punish South Carolina. So we can reasonably hope to have some i eaoo \ aud quiet for a few years at least. They are going to lot us alone aud if we dou't pile on too much auimis opibusque pariti in attempting to assert our sovereignty they will let us have considerable elbow room. But they are a queer people, especially under tho rule of Turn Reed, who at tho present stands the best chauce [ of beiug tho next President of the United States, and if he is, I tremble at what may happen. I was laugbiug , the other day with some gentlemen at f tho idea of anybody quoting tho Coni stitution of the United States to Tom Reed, if he were President. He is a i vory ambitious man, but there is many a slip betwixt the cup aud the lip aud > a better fate may be in store for this couutry than to have such a dungerous man for President, k I could go on and enlarge on this s theme if I had dreamed that it was the pleasure of tho convention to listeu to ) m?. If I hud hiul uuy idcu that it was i the pleasure of the gcutlciuen to cull j on mo I ttould have presented other ) silver linings to the cloud that hovers [ over us. I do not despair for the ro public. I cannot believe that the great f Hod above us is goiug to desert this ? people uud turu it over to anarchy or . civil war. T believe in the sober see i oud thought of the great Anglo-Saxon . race, who will decide their differences 1 at the ballot boxes rather than with ( the cartridge. I believe that wo are f going to have a new alignment of po3 litical parties. There is no telling what parties or factions we will have 1 in the future. None of us need make i any rash promises or assume any ex3 tremo positions us to where we will be t one year hence in politics. I believe . uew political parties will be organized. Democracy is not dead. Its principles are eternal, and the principles announced by Jefferson, tho great father t of it, in hiB tirst message in 180], have 3 been the political bible of freemen r throughout the world; it is their bible 4 to-day, and all that we have to do is to teach our boys and young men those principles and let them always refer to s them as the test of every public man t and public measure. We may join the Republican party down here for ino. tives of policy. I sometimes thiuk 3 that if we had joined the Republican ^ party just after tho war it might have 3 been better for us, but we could uotdo c it. We were too honest uud too proud. 3 Wc had to come down sorter by t degrees. t Now our party has been almost dis* banded by the treachery of Cleveland, j and the policy of the Republican party. fI ln?r?? 18 no r? li tin on* of limtrt in tlimn r They never went hack on the negro from principle; it was policy. Their H gold hugs would insist that silver should l>o destroyed as inouoy, and a their own people revolted at it because .. tliov were not willing to have white I ed to regulate wages l)?c .etrimlll^VW r amount of money iu circulation. That r is what saved us once; it is what saves . j us now. It is what will save us for i j ninny years in the future, which shows i that (Jod in his mysterious way works [ out things to the right end in the long . J run. There are general causes w hich, 5 under the same circumstances, with i the same men, will work out the same results. Those eauses have heen at } work for our good as well us for our [ j harm iu some respects. Mr. President, this is perhaps the last time I shall ever talk in a deliberu[ ; five assembly of ray countrymen. I [ I am douo with public life. As 1 roj marked on a previous occasion, I have i , enjoyed far more than the average ! share of public honor. My ambitions . ' have been gratified. I have nothing to regret except that 1 could not do , more for mv country. [ In our debates here I perhaps may, i in the heat of the moment, lmvo said i things in a tone of irritation or made remarks that had better not been , uttered. There was no personal feoli iug if I did so. It was but the impulse ! of an honest heart trying to speak the i : truth as it was understood by me. If ! I have hurt any member's feelings in ' any way, either in debate or in free [ | personal intercourse, I beg his pardon, i For the few years that are left me, sir, I shall always cherish the remembrances of this convention with pleasure. I believe I speak what every member on tliw floor I,<u I. when I say from the tirst day when we met here to the present hour, the eonveation has become more ami more consolidated us one man, and inspired by one purpose, stimulated by 0110 effort, to do the best we coulu for our old mother State, showing that wo never have been divided (?u principle during the last six years of strife, and that our polities have been based upon men and not measures, personalities | and not principles, and true Demoe- j racy as defined by dcflerson demands | measures, not men. It must be a source of great grntifi- | i cation to every member here and to 1 ; theii constituents at homo to see with ' t what unanimity, with what courteousj ness and yet with what independence ; of action their representatives in this I body hu\ e made the ( (institution w hich we hiive just ratified. It is u rainbow | of h<i|i that the State tuny hereafter ' | to- united us in the past, us one man. i ! I" ?r. remember. my countrymen, it took all the etVorts we eouhl lay forth i in 7b, and lor many years thereafter, , i to control this State; and if we heroine | | divided, as I fear we may he, and as I ' , hope we will not for some time to j eiiiiic, we iiiuv lind it still more ditii- , cult I won't say impossible. I have ' ! m abiding faiih in tin Aiiglo-Su\on i race, as there never lias he? n a eon- I i h : ihle number of them together ] \whei that they di I not dominate ' ' at v iace with which they earne in eon- ! i | tact and v?Jiutever may happen I have i.i :!; that tin y will rule. But as i ; i, li 1 lis 11 v t ?if 'i t that it took t!. i ined ft t ; all the rnt-u, 1 I ... women and children in Sonth Carolina to get and keep oontrol, and thU we ought to try in a spirit of seKHaorifice to come together here as wero in '76. Gentlemen, I will not detainyou longer. I thank you for the high compliment you have paid me. World to God I could have done more rn my feeble way to help on thelabto^gf this body. I have done my bead autl ho have you all. I hope that! es South CarolinituiH, an white men and Pomocrats we will go on as prosperously in . the fij&ure uh we ever have in the past. And no matter what Hhall betide us in tho future I believe wo can meet any fate, if ml nothing cr.n go amiss with us unless we forget that we are white men, Caroliuiaa uud Democrats. (Prolonged applause.) A FIKND1SII UEKD. Two Poor Negroes Flayed to Death With buggy Truces for u Petty Theft. ti... ;i.. ?? 1.. 1 v.: J UI7 UUIUUO V 1 UU u^ljf 1> UV uill^ I which occurred iu this State Monday I has come to light. It took place down iu Colleton county near the Barnwell and Hampton linos. The dead bodies of two of the victims, stripped of'their clothing, were found, oke being an ' old woman. They had been beaten to death with new luiggy traces, the iuau's ott'ence being that ho was suspected of' having stoleu a Bible and some furniture from u church and the woman's offense being that she was supposed to know something of it. Liquor seems to be the only excuse for the deed, if excuse vhere can be. A young negro, Isom Kenrse, who wftH suspected of stealing the Bible tfrom St. Nicholas church, was taken tiy four or six Barnwell county men and tied behind their buggy. They drove so fast the tirsd negro sometimes lost his footing and was dragged along. On the way two of the party were sent back to get the negro's aged mother, "Old Minima Hannah," aud his young wife, a girl about 17 years of age, who has a live-mouths-old infant. At the ferry the party held up. When the woman arrived, uoue of the three would or could toll anything about the church property. Upou their refusal they were all throo stripped naked and lieateu with a new buggy trace, which it is said was almost worn out. The men was given about 150 lashes and fell insensible, his body being in a terrible condition; the women were likewise severely beaten. The man several times pleaded with his tormeuters to shoot him. Tho old wouiiiu broke away und dashed into the woods. The youug woman did likewise,going in a different direction. The men built a lire near the insensible negro, threw his oldcaat over him and left. On Wednesday morning his body was found where it was left, cold in death, IL had been there one night and I a. , llrT, . il?, ? . - ^ ? swamp, /lug in a pqcir^i wai. ^ knee de p, wa? found the old w'e^ body, uold and etilT. Mho had mne'a face downward with her hands extended. The young woraau managed to find her way home, and is said to be in a critical condition. The coroner's jury has rendered a verdict charging directly four prominent men, one a pbysiciau, with tho crime. Others, who tried to prevent the deed, gave tho information. HANGED AT CHESTER. Lloyd, the Slayer of Willie Welsh, Pays tlic Pen::I.y. Charles Lloyd, the negro who killed young Willio Welsh at the Hailo gold mine, Lancaster county, was hanged at Chester on Friday in tho countv jail. The drop fell at 11:38 uud Lloyd was pronounced dead by Dr. Driee in 2f> minutes. Owing to rumors that Lloyd would be lynched in Lancaster, Solicitor Heury secured a change of veuue and the prisoner *vas curried to Chester for trial. Ho was convicted ut the October term of court and on Friduy fail lie red the full penalty of the law. THIIEE AT HAMPTON. The three negroes?Price CJrahum, Jason Blake and William Frazier? who so brutally murdered Mr. E. K. Mears on the night of August 9th for the purpose of robbery, were executed at Hampton on Friday in the enclosure of the county jail. They all confessed to the murder and said they were ready to die. Graham and Blake struggled for u minute or two and Frazier was dead as soon as the drop fell They held out to the last that the negro, William Blake, Sr., who wus lynched at that place on the night of | the 19th of October, after he had been i scuteuccd to life in the State penitentiary, had nothing to do with the killing whatever. OM. At" AunKvinnF.. Tom Petcrkin, the negro who assinated Dispensary Constable Moseley, at Greenwood, a few months ago. was hung in the jailyard at Abbeville on Friilnv 111' imiili' n,? wt> ..I - J "" ,,,v i,v "" 1111 gallows, l?ut his "tiilt was proveuat tlie trial beyond a doubt. Tin* execution was vueecssl'iilly done and his neeU was broken. No friends claimed the hotly ami I'eterkin was buried at tin- county's expcuso in tin potter's liciti. Several NominatIons. Tfa* Pr -.ident h:t- -rut to tin- Senate tho nominalno;- t>f the I nitlted States jutltjes, marshal- uid alt- rneys made during the rse-1 I)[ (' m'ress. Illl'llltl'd III these are llit'.se a Walter K. I'ai.-on. of North t'arolina, *<) tie s .lieitor for the lh'partmout of State; Williao, M SjiritiKer. of Illinois, jinl^e of tlat north 11 -t * let ami ('<iiistaiitine It. Kilijore, if T 'i the southern ilistriet of Italian 1 r if .111 I Williiaai I.. Iuhur> t nited stti!' 'e v lor the !i*tri t Df Maryland. *lr. n; . i .r v' was nominated damn; i.tat a; -* 1 ;t'.he s-.-n i'e to - no a f u f A THE CONVENTION'S WORK ENDS. Tta? N?w Constitution Now the Caw. A Review of Its Moat Important Features. After remaining iu session for three months, lens one week, tko constitutional oouveutiou has at last completed the work of framing a new conHtitution for the State ot South Caroliua and has adjourned nine die. Seven members of the convention voted against the final adoption of the now orgauio law. Mr. Doylo voted with these seven at first, but upon the completion of tho roll call had his vote changed. It has taken a long time and no end of debate to construct the new orgauio law, and consequently many radical ohanges from the old constitution have been made, the five most radical beiug the regulation of tho suffrage, with tho "understanding" feature; tho increase in tho school tax; tho imposition of the graduatod income tax; tho putting in or rue uispeuHary law regulations, turn the adoption of tbe anti-lynch law Hcction, which is tho only provision of tho kind in any Stato constitution. Then thoro is tho increase of tho Supremo Court to four justices, aud an endless number of other important changes. Tho convention wns in sassiou so long that it come to bo considered almost a part of tho Stato government. It is needless to say that a good many mouthers seem to be much fatigued and worn out, aud no doubt they will be glad to get away to to their homes. Tho cost of framing tho new constitution has been greater thau was expected, but that has been provided for and the people will scarcely complain. Thus far very few opinions as to the merits or demerits of tho paper have been expressed, but no doubt many of its features will be heurd from during tho coming state campaign. Tho convention's members as a whole have stuck pretty close to their work during the entire session and are to be commended for their endurance. Thr o members of tho couventiou died during the session. Wednesday's work was purely of a routine character from beginning to eud, the committee on order, stylo and revision directing tho proceedings. This committee has done its work in the most thorough manner. The consideration of the committee's proposed auieudmeuts was completed Wednesday at exactly 1:38 p. 111., and after considering some re?o utious the convention at - p. m. took a recess iill 4 p. in. to allow the committor to have ehauges put iu the enrolled copy. Iu the afternoon tlio committee had all these pageB ready. They were adopted after being carefully revised, and then the constitution was adopted as a whole. A recess was then taken till 7:30 to allow the committee to arrange the enrolled sheets iu their proper order. Iu the interim a mock convention was held aud much sport indulged in. TVedi>, iiUffreWft^- the final sea^ constitution was v ? iconuent Evans signed lirsfc?tJr?r.r<?-^ Gen. Robert Smalls, one of the negro members, refused to sign. The other negroes were not in the hall. At two miuutes of 9 o'clock the constitution was declared the organic law of the State. The convention then weut into committee of the whole with Mr. George Johnstone in the chair. Appropriate resolutions wore adopted. When President Evans again took tho chair, Mr. Bellinger, on behalf of the delegates, presented him with a handsome gold watch. President Evans then delivered his furewell address, speaking as follows: "There are times, gentlemen, places and circumstances, that bring the hearts of men together, wlieu the outside bickerings, when dissensions, when animosities are forgotten and hearts that were divided become united and beat for one body. I feel that this convention, representing the sovereignty of Koilt.il (!iiri>lin? una- i r? that condition. It Iiuk been the cherished hope of the most of us that this convention would be tin? means of framing a law around which South Carolinians could unite; around which a divided people could unite and bury past differences and be brethren onco more. I feel that that has been accomplished. We came here with some misgivings. We came here some of us mistrustiug one another. We came here possiidy thinking that some of us in the heat of debate, in passion, would inHict wounds that .would never be healed. I thank God that this has not been the case. T thank Gofl that this body will ailjourn, and I say it from my own heart and I believe I but reflect the fee.ings and the sentiments of every delegate upon this floor when I say that when we leave here wo leave it with no heart-burnings?with no prejudices. We leave it u united people once more." He then thanked the body for honoring him, and for the gift to him. Ho then made the following appropriate personal reference: "And now, gentlemen, let me assure you that before '\'o meet in another constituiutional convention I shall be a married r.iuu. 1 am satisfied, gentlemen, it will be sooner, l>ut this is not the place this is too dignified a place?to make rash promises. ' A compliment was paid to the verier* aloe statesman, ex-Congressman Geo. I".. Tillman, the convention calling on him for a speech, and he spoke for a half hour (h aling with national issues, and praying Heaven that Torn lieed won't I v the next President The convi ntion closed its session in an impressive manner, singing ,-God bewi'b \ on till we meet again," led i>y Clerk Melton, and the benediction l?y ('hap'iin I'arrott. The adjournment sine die was reached at '.1:57 1*2 on Wednesday night. Value of tlie Trade Hollar. Tlio despised trad" dollar, which went out of circulation several years ago, is r.o.v worth but IHty-flvo cunts, or practically its bullion value. I % THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. FOREIGN AFFAIRS DISCUSSED. Our Relations With Kngliuid-Tlio Cuban Insurrection and American Massacres, etc. On Tuesday at noon tho loug-expoctod Message from President Cleveland was read beforo Congress. The document was very lengthy, but below will bo found its Rulient points: To the Congress of the United States: Tho present assemblage of tho legis ltitive branch of our government occurs at a time wheu the interests of our peoplo and the needs of the country give to tho condition of our foreign relations and the exigencies of our national finances special importance. Tho reports of the heads of tho several administration departments of tho government fully and plainly exhibit what has been accomplished within the scope of their respective duties, and present such recommendations for the betterment of our country's condition as patriotic and intelligent labor and observation suggest. After reviewing iu a general way the reports referred to the Presidents proceeds. The resumption of specie payments by Chili is a typo of great interest and importance both in its direct consequences upon her own welfare, and as an evidence of tho ascendency of sound financial principles in one of the most influential of the South Americuu republics. I take pleasure in calling to your attention tho encomiums bestowed on thoso vessels of our new navy which took part in tho notable ceremony of tho Kiel Canal. Our relations with Great Britiau, always intimate and important, have demanded during tho past year even a greater share of consideration Ihau is usual. Several vexatious questions wore left undetermined by the decision of tbo JJeiinug ?ea arbitration tribunal. Tho application of the principles laid down by that auguat body has not been followed by tho rcHtiks tlioy were intended to accomplish, because their execution has been more or less imperfect. The understanding by which tho United States was to pay and Oreut Britian to receive a lump sum of $425,000 in full settlement of all British claims for damages arising from our seizure of British sealing vessels unauthorized under the award of the parish tribunal of arbitration was not confirmed by the last Congress, which declined to make the necessary appropriation. I am still of tho opinion that J?is*nrrnunremeut was a iudicious ami 11 |f -uittgeous out tor the Coverumcflf? ttml I earnestly recommend that it bo ugain considered and sanctioned. Notwithstanding that (treat Britain originated the proposal to enforce international rules, for the prevention of collisions at sea. VENEZUELA noUNOARY DISPUTE. It heipg apparent that tho boundary dispute between (Jrent Britain and tho ltepubiie of Venezuela concerning tho limits of British Guiana was approaching an acuta stage, a deilnite statement of interest and policy of the United States as regards tho controversy soomod to bo rcquired both on its own account and in view of its relations with the friendly powers directly concerned. In July last, therefore, a dispatch was addressed to our embassador at London for communication to the British government,in which the attitudo of the United Slates was fully and distinctly sot forth. Tho general conclusions therein reached and formulated are in substance that the traditional and established policy of this government is firmly opposed to a forcible increase by any European power of its territorial possessions oii mis continent; mat this policy is as well founded in principle as it is strongly supported by numerous precedents: that its a consequence tho United States is hound to protest against I lie enlargement of the area of Jiritish Guiana in derogation of tho rights and against will <>f Venezuela; the territorial dispute between them eun he re:isonahly scttled only hy friendly and impartial arbitration, and that the resort to such arbitration should include the whole controversy and is not satislicd if one of tho powers concerned is permitted to draw an arbitrary line through the territory in debate and to declare that it will submit to arbitration only the portion lying on one side of it. In view of these conclusions, tho dispatch in question called upon tho liritlsli government for a dellnite answer to the question whether it would or would not submit tho territory controversy between itself and Venezuela in its entirety to impartial arbitration. Tho answer of the liritish government has not yet been received, but is expected shortly, when further communication on tim subjiH-t will probably bo made to the Congress. TUB CUBAN INHUUKECTION. Cuba is again gravely disturbed. Au insurrection, in some respects more active than the last proceeding revolt, which continued from 18f>8 to 1878, now exists in a large part of tie' eastern interior of the Island menacing even some population on the const, besides deranging the commercial exchange of the Island of which our country takes the predominant share. This flagrant condition of hostility by arousing sentimental sympathy and inciting adventurous support among our pie bus entailed earnest effort on the part of this government to enforce obedience to <>ur neutrality laws and to prevent t lie territory of the United States from being abused as a vantage ground from ?ini'ii i<? itm in"->- in arms n^uinsi Spanish sovereignty. Whatever may be the traditional sympathy of our countrymen as indivictuals tlii- plain duty of their Kovcrnnrieiit is tu observe kooiI faitii in tlm recognized oi?li^utioiis of internal relationship. AUMKNIAN MAHHArlllS. Occurrences in Turkey have eontiuueil to excite eoneern. The reported massacres of Christians in Armenia and the development there and in other districts of aspirit of fanatic hostility to Christian inllueuees naturally excited apprehension for the safety of the devoted men and women, who, as dependents of the foreign missionary societies in the I'nited States, reside in Turkey under tin-guarantee of law and usu^e and in the legitimate perf'irniarico of their educational and religious mission. No efforts have been, i oared in their tiehalf, and their protection in person and property has lieen earnestly and vigorously enforced by every means within our power. Iinference is made to the extension of the ivil service rules to certain consular appointments and then folio wr ?W". s ocn riNANCIAli BITOATIO* As we tarn from a review of our foreign. % relations to the contemplation of our nation- ? al fluauoiul situation we are immediately B aware thnt we approach a Bubjoct of domea- f tie concern more important than any other that can engage our attention, und one at ^ present in such a perplexing and dellcnte u | predicament as to require prompt and wise * treatment. By command of the people a customs rove- 1 nuo system, designed for the protection and S benefit of favored classes at the expense of i the great masses of our oountrymen, and r which, while lnefllclont for the purpose of (j revenue, curtailed our trado relations and Impeded our entrance to the markets of the , world, has been superacedod by a tariff V Klloy, which In principle Is based upon a inifil of tint rlorht of that (fitvnrnmnnt lit obstruct the avenues to our peoples' cheap living or lesson their comfort aud contentment. for the sake of according especial advantages to favorites, and wbioh, while j& encouraging our iuterior aud trade with f. other nations, recognizes the fact that Ameri- ' can solf-reliauoo, thrift, and ingenuity can X build up our country's Industries und develop its resources more surely thau nu enervating paternalism in February, 1895, therefore, the situation was exceedingly critical. The results of prior bond issues had been l exceedingly unsatisfactory, and the large a withdrawals of gold immediately succeeding < to their public sale in open market gave rise to S a reasonable suspicion that a large part of M the gold paid into the treasury upon such M sales was promptly drawn out again by the' I presentation of United Btatos notes or treasury notes aud found its wuy to the iiands of I tlioso who had only temporarily parted with % it in the purehnso of bonds. E Tho message then takes up tho repeal of 1 the silver purchase etause, says It under- S mined eonlldomo and produced the panic. Tho history of tho issue and partial redemp- ? tion of United Btates notes is given at length. ] HOLD KKSKBVB. Stress is laid on the importance of tho gold 1 reserve. Loss of gold is attributed to tho i existenco of Treasury notes. Tho rise and y fall of the reserve is followed, and the history of the bond Issues, matters that aro farni- 4 liar toonr renders, are rehearsed in dotuil. Then follows a history of tho contract with the bond syndicate. "I have never had the slightest misgiving ooaoerning the wisdom or proprioty of this arrangement." As to further gold withdrawals it says: Quite large withdrawals for shipment in tho immediate future aro predicted in well In- f formed quarters. About $lfi,000,000 has been withdrawn during the month ol November. The foregoing statement of counts and condition, develops the fact that alter increasing our interest hearing bonded iudubt odness more than $162,000,000 to savo our gold reserve. wo arc nearly whom wo started, ?j having now in such reserve 579,333,906, as against 865,438.377 in Fob. 1891, when tho lirst bonds were issued. The government bus paid in gold moro than nine-tout I is of its United States notes aud still owes thoni all. It lias paid in gold' about oue-bnif of its uolos given for silver purchases without extinguishing i>y such * payment one dollar of those notes. The government has incurred a bonded indebtedness of '595,500,000 in establishing a gold reserve, aud of 5162,315,400 in efforts to maiutain it. V FAVORS BKTlllKMKNT OF OrfKKNliAi KM. Trouble is found In the retirement and con- J cellation of our UnltedStates lion's,common- 7 ly oalled greenbacks, and the outstanding treasury notes issued by the government in payment of silver purchases under the act of 1890. I believe this could Up quito readily aceoni- I plished by tho exchange of those notes for H United States bonds of small as well as largo J ' i deuomiuations, bearing a low rate of inter- 1 The currency withdrawn by tho retirement j of the United States uotos and treasury notes,. I amounting to probably less than 5486,000,000,. 8 might be supplied by such gold as would be i *T? o?t ->r h.v * *?, increase in tc. uloat national banks. I think they should be allowed to L?ue clr- -$ culation equal to tho par value of tho bonds \{ they deposit to secure it, and that tho tax on their circulation should be reduced to ? nofourth of one per cent., which would undoubtedly moot all tho oxj?enso the govern- ,* mcnt incurs ou their account. | 8 In a general way tho President proceeds to intimate thut tho establishment of Stato banks may bo a uocessity. As to silver coin- ? ago, he says: I do not overlook tho fact that the cancellation of the treasury notes issued under the silver purchasing act of 1890 would leave tho ' treasury in tho actual ownership of sufUeient silver including seigniorage, to colli nearly ? 8178,000,000 in standard dollars. It is worthy of consideration whether tills might not, from time to time, be converted into dollars or fractional coin and slowly nut Into circuI<i i- ?i... i..J - ...wwii <1.-. 111 mvj jihikiiu'ih- oi iue Becrotary of tlit! Treasury tins necessities of the country should require. HIMKTA1.L1HM IMrOSHIDLK. No government, no human contrivance or act of legislation. has over been able to hold the two metals together in free coinage at. a ? ratio appreciably different from that which la ? established in the market# of the world, Those who believe that our independent freo coinage of silver at an artificial ratio with gold of 10 to 1 would restore the purity be- " t ween the metals, and consequently between the coins, oppose an unsupported and improbublo theory to the general belief and practice of other nutions, and to tiie teaching of the wisest statesmen and economist of the world, both in the past and present. The President then went on to argue the impractahiiity of bimetalism, upheld the gold standard as tho only true means of value, holding that "it does not despise silver nor seek its banishment," and that "sueh a standard also gives freo scope for the use and expansion of safe and conservative credit." ^ He urges tho udvocatee of free coinage of silvor to re-examine their views and beliefs jb in the light of patriotic reason and familiar ' * experience, and to weigh again and uguin* j| tho consequences of such legislation as their efforts hnvo invited. Even the continued agitation of the subjcot ndds greatly to the S difficulties of a dangerous flnnm-ia! situation already forced upon us. In conclusion I especially entreat the poo- 8 pie's representatives in the Congress, who are. || charged with tho responsibility of inauguru-, . ting measures for tho safety and prosperity, of our common country to promptly and effectively consider the ills of our critical financial plight. I bavo suggested a remedy which my judgment approves. I desire, however, to assure the Congress | that I am prepared to co-operate with them | in perfecting any other measure promising' thorough and practical relief, and that I will gladly labor with tlioin in every patriotic onI ,I,.i.......f.#1... i- ? *> ......... ............ .....I.... .1.,-i.niim Kuiiru inn : welfare of our countrymen wliom in our ri;?' ! speetivo places of iluty wo have undertaken to serve. I The (tentucUy legislature it Tie on ^ Joint. Ilnllot. In the special election hcl?l in the sixth and moventli wards of Louisville, Ky.f on j Saturday, Aulliony Carroll, ox-Speaker of the I ant llonse, defeated Charles Itlatr., Itepiihliejiii, hv a majority of 152. Tho re-. , eleetioii of Mr. Carroll makes tho General Assembly a tie on joint Itallot with IIS l)emo , erats and (is Itepuhlieaiis and two Populists.' One of these Populists is pledged to vote for' , the Itepiihlieaus, who endorsed him, :tud tho other with the Democrats. World's Visible Supply of Cotton. I 'i'lie total visible supply of cotton for thor world Is :i,754,10'.) hales, of whieh 3.418,0011. . ^ hales are Ameriran, against 4,2.'I2,H8I hales respectively last year; receipts of cotton this, week at all interior towns, 104,2:10 hales receipts from the plantations, 205,571 bai'vs; 1 crop in sight 3.800,000 hales. ; . 4