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< ??\ ris \ri t.H vitiIRS, lint Mumif.u IMP Hi the lir<d to IU? i: ? ' i' New York. Dec. 4.?Conspiracy to defraud the federal go/ernmcnt on. of hundreds of thousands of dollars on contracts for more than a million service hut?* Is charged in an Indict ggent filed today against William It Thorn, John J. Slattcry. .Joseph Ives. Kdwurd Shut- iy, eonio ? 1 with cor? poration of Thoin am) Bailey, the l'eeksklll II Co..?the Arm of H. D. Parmul** & Co.. and Arthur C. Gib* ?on aud Peter J. Duffy, inspectors' of the quarterm.iM, is' corps nre named na co-conspiW*-' 1 he < onntrjr's Ilnoklxuie. (Abbeville l'resa and i'anner.) 11 la Muted that of the ine.i who li.ive enlisted In the army as well a* of thoae who have been drafted Inttg s.-rviee a greuter percentage of the boys and young men from the tow as ami cities have hee.u found tit for scr\ i e than of the boys from the country districts. Thone people who expected the Country districts to furnish better soldiers than the towns and cities have either forgotten or ?havo never heard the experiences of the Civil War. Col <J MrlmtTle Miller, of (?rr's Hides, stated that the best sol? diers In the Civil War were young eighteen year old boys from the towns svnd cities; that they wero possessed of mort endnrai.ee. stood the hard? ships of camp life better, nnd were more easily trained than their broth? ers from the farming sections, and tljut most of all they didn't have any het? ?< . j, -e t i a to he hi i\ ?? and Asht. Am) In this war the towns an 1 cities have done their part. Of ill the young men in the o' 1 National Guard perhaps ninety pe<* cent, are g toys from the towns and cities. The , recruits who volunteered for the most fart have come from the same places. The drafted men show a full per? centage of these same men. In the patriotic calls upon the peopl" of the country, the towns and cities havo borne the burden. i ?f the Afty-three hundred dollars contributed In this county for the Jted Cross. something like four thousand dollars came from the city of Abbeville alone, and the greater portion of the balance from the towns of 1>ue West. Donalds and Calhoun Kails. Tne Liberty don.Is add in the county havo been bought by the ]>eoplo in the towns and cities. When the second Liberty loan was Aoated In this county, although cotton was ?elllng for twenty-seven cerrs. and there was money in the hands of farmers In all sections, it wa* left to the people of thc4owns and city to take practically the whole allotment for this county. And our representa? tives In congress havo so arranged natters that practically the entire war tax fh this country will he paid bv the n:en In the/ towns and cities. Although tbo war has brought hun? dreds and thousands of dollar* to the people on the farms In Abbeville county, and although they nre being enriched by it through the price, not only of cotton, but of nil other pro? ducts, they will pay practically none of the* burdens already lmposed on the people nor of those to be Impos? ed on them. We have been hearing all these years. (mostly In election years.) that the farmers are the backbone ot the country, but we heard little of It in the l:< d Cross campaign, the Liberty llond compalns. ho Y. M. C A. campaign, and wo bear no complaints that the farm us are no. n-vss. d their part of the w ir taxes, liven those who are opp ?sc I to the war are accepting the 1 i : prollts whh h othe r men's blood and money are purchasing for then without feeling cal'ed on to pay value rc ccl\? I In saying this much we ire n?t * unmindful of the fad that some, a v??ry few. of the farmers of tie coiin'y have responded to all the calls of the government We hive im complaint against 'hese men: the . dev. rv?? the ? Olm i, ml itioii ot all men. especially bei iusc tlmy are few. I'ut we assert that In the gtsal crisis through which we tue SjggeV I. g. and In the creat fur lit Which I" being Waged OV<r the waters. and I Whhh will 1 I Wg#Od, tie- towns and I the cities are tho backbone of the country. so Ii Spsgga, If something is not done to rheel ths rising pftOSg of the nSIHSSartOS ot Pie. there |g gOtO| to 1" |Oti ? St .rv Ing nnd freeslng *?o In the good obi Stale of South CaroMns before ths s|?rlngtlme cm es round again.? .\i wbei rv ? d. erver. Artificial it ?s Is supplant.re coal as a fuel In I'hii id. hdna It is nlso pointed out us an Incentive to its use that while the price of coal ha < son ed that of gas is either tincba i -eil or lower. I ? EfDEAVORER BHBOfUUSS V. M. C. A. out .lohn ?Pinklns Writes < hi i-tian |\ndea\or Convention in Pia of V >l. 0, \. War Work. My I>ear Follow Fndeavorers: 1 appreciate very deeply the kind limitation of your program commit* tOi to address :i few words to your I i iff Convention at Charleston. It made mo feel good to receive a letter I < ti teg that almost revered insignia ' C. F.." ] have DOM Mkod to invite the at tontlon of your convention to some of tho ' ways in which (\ E. can help uu," having reference of course to the ? an s uf us who art' in tin* military ser? vice. It is gratifying to those of us i bo It iti tho military to note the in ?est that the C. 10. V. is manifesting In the V. M. C. A. War Work. In my lodgment this is the host and henoc lie- no.st dlrOOt and practical way in whleh the C. M, AaoOOlntlon can help. The Y. M. C. A, is recognized by our government and the war department and with this prestige It can, quite naturally, conduct its work so as to keep in intimate touch with the sol? dier boys. With the Y. M. C. A. in this position. Pndeavorers can have tin* complete satisfaction of knowing ill tt. whatever aid they give, of i.md whatsoever, will be merely a- the most practical and dellnitc plan to reach the soldier. Then when you give a dollar to the salary Of some secretory or clerk, or send even an old copy of some periodical to a ' V" post, or lend your time or interest in any other way that may be indicated, you can rest assured that it will reach, and contribute, in no \W m< issjrt to the happiness and comfort of .some man in the training camp or the trench. The "Y" is doing good work right here at ('imp Sever. The buildings ami tents are loeated conveniently for the men. The folks in charge of the work here are splendidly trained for this kind of service, and appear t ? be intensely interested In the enlisted men. They hold regular services on trre Sabbath, and mid-week prayer meetings-. Inning week nights the soldier! em attend classes in French. ghsh ami arithmotic. There are tlOQ movies, athletic sports, and va? rious Indoor games for the instruc? tion and an.use nent of the men. Then they provide tables and writing teiial. also a place to purchas tamps and money orders. They ni? tre to keep on hand good mag? azines and papers. The demand, however, for reading matter li usu? ally greater Um ? the supply ?>n hand. 1 must not forget to mention the Interest that the enlisted men take ffi the "Y" and its programs: and the greet benefit that they reeeive from side from the comfort and con? venience which they derive from it. The surroundings ami the environ? ment is always wholesome and tn ngthonlng. and it is nothing short Of the mafvelous to witness the tell? ing InffUenOt which it Wieldi over the men in a moral and spiritual way. As ?n KadenVOTSI and as an enlisted nu n. I want to add my name to that lanun era hie list of endorsers of th" present Y M. c. A. War Work, ami urge you to give It your enthusiastic support. 1 wish that I could attend our con? vention, and hear Mr. Uhmann, and the rest of your interesting speakers, and have the high honor of respond? ing to that 'roll call of honor," in person. I know already how nobly and generously you are going to re? spond to this war work. Just gt sure as tho niKht follows tho day; just so sure, will loyal and patriotic C, U s In a rrlsls like the one which now confronts our commonwealth, prove themselves loyal and patriotic Americans. There is to corns a day 1 ti the Qerman dynasty, with its ? titire Hohenaolleri. ?ribe, win have to reckon and account for smothering the pitiful Cries of o people begging with outstretched hands, for quartern or freedom, in th it any it win have to answer for drowned, helpless, non oombetante] for the barbarous cut rages committed by Prussian liber? tine ami the fereetotM Hun;, for tie destruction of poaeeful Belgium, am! te smiting of ihe groat ami historic cathedrals of Prance, These, an i OOOntleSI other wrongs, will that gov? ernment have to account for. Ami Bndeavorera when that time does COmO, I am }eelOttS for you to have ? lone yOOr bit and aOUUltted your BClven by means of helping the sol? dier through the Army Y. M. 0? A even as the soldier win have done hi r bit, ami acquitted himself, with the i |fl? and the bayonet. Yours for a great Convention, ami for the further advancement of f\ K John q, Dlnklna, Hergeant, Headquarters Co, iisih Inf Camp Bevier, Greenville, s. c. Him Kings. 'Tin- my certain colored utoeh I gs have dangerous germs m tin n.H fee bui think what other trings ?I. have in them."- Florid i T'mes Tub n Ol K BREAD SPPPf/V. wiiont surplus and Deficiency by states Develop Many Interesting Tacts. -X (Manufacturers Record.) A study of the wheat surplus or dettctti by States, this year and a comparison with a five-year average develops many Interesting farts. The NOW England and Middle Slates this year will need 110,000,000 bushels more of wheat than they have produced. New York, for instance, will have a de?ciency in Its wheat production of more than 4 3,000,000 bushels, and Pennsylvania 28,500,000 bushels. The only state in this group which has raised more wheat than it Will need for its own consumption is Delaware, with a surplus of 900,000 bushels, The most striking fact, however, j brought out by a study of this situa? tion is that the great western States Of Illinois. Michigan, Wisconsin and [OWfl all produced less wheat than they consume. Their shortage this year aggregates in,000,000 bushels and California, which has been count m! one of the great wheat States of the Pacific coast, has had such an increase in wheat consumption over its Wheat production that it now falls Short by 9,400,000 bushels of raising wlu at which it needs for its own con - nmption. No State In the South has such a deficit BJ California |n wheat produc? tion. Taking the entire South, there ll b wheat shortage of only 31,000, 000 bushels, bnt some months ag i the United States Department of agriculture sent out a statement to the effect that "the Southern States consumed over .2,000,000 barrels of Hour (equal to about 110.000,000 bushell of wheat") and that "all of this Hour is imported into the South front other sections." The detailed figures which wc have compiled from the official report of the Department of Agriculture show that the m t shortage in the South is only 81,000,090 bushels. For the flvc vi ar period, from 1909-1913, there was an average deficiency in the South of IS,.,000 bushels of wheat. This has been cut down until the de? ficiency for 1917 ll only 31,000,000 bushels. The following table compiled from the report of the United States De? partment of Agriculture, is interest? ing as showing the surplus produc? tion and the deficiency by States. These figures do not, of course, cov? er the total production of wheat, but rely show the amount of shortage in some States and the amount of I surplus in others. From ihis point of View they are exceedingly interesting: I hooreileal Wheat Surplus and De? ficiency, by State's, 1?17 Crop. I 1917 I Surplus* Deficiency (I3ushels.) Maryland and Dist. of col. 1,969,000 . Missouri . . . . 7,865,0o0 . Virginia. .. . ft.itro.ono . Qeorglfi.1. 8,811,000 West Virginia. 3,160,00a South Carolina . 4,774.000 North Carolina . 1,808,000 Florida. 8,710,000 Kentucky . /. 2,01*4,000 Tennessee., 4,817,000 Alabama. 7,790.000 Mississippi. 7,090,000 Louisiana. 7,881,000 Texas . 9,119,000 < Iklahoma, . . 11,8 II?000 . Arkansas. 8,464,000 Total Southern states. 88,985,000 88,084,000 SUKPKCTKD SPY IH.I D. Man win? Talked on Train Investigat? ed at Hportanburg; Spartanburg. Dec. 8.?A man giving his name .as J. Bronx was taken from n Southern Hallway train this morn by a United States deptfty mar? shal ami is now being investigated by a secret service agent on, the suppo? sition that he may i?. 1 German spy. United states officials here received a h legrani from passengers on the train 03 Ins that the man had Indulged In suspicious talk on the train. He claims to be a prominent business man of Ni w \ ork, engaged In importing sur? gical rubber. Correspondence found 1ft his possession indicated that In had been Operating] in the munitions market. His baggage bears labels of sei< ral steamship lines, The man says that he Is an American citlsen, dO|\ UIMY Ml \l. <OIM?s. Washington, Dec. ::. \n appeal to men between the nges of eighteen and forty to Join the enlisted person? nel of die army medical corps was modi today by Surgeon Qenerol Qor Candldates were directed to apply before December 16 to any re rruittng officer of the army or to the n ? dteal Officers Of any military post or cantonment. In nine and Tiol/.Uv cannot last, but they can play hell while they are there, Memphis Commercial-Appeal INCREACSD WHEAT YIELDS. Improved Methods and Seed Selec? tion Used with Much Success. Rei)orts of the United States De? partment of Agriculture and Btats agricultural colleges cooperating In Improved method:- show that in I91fl there was an increase of 38,364 tfush els of wheat on 4,800 acres where these methods were followed. This increased yield will make at least two and one-fourth million one pound loaves of bread. In six States where 138 wheat growers conducted demonstrations by Using selected varieties of seed, the yield on :;,:543 acres was Increased 18,854 bushels. The breeding and selection of special varieties of wheat adapted to particular regions or lo? calities is one of the most important items In the experiment station pro? grams for producing Increased yields-. When these varieties have been deter? mined it Simply remains for the farmers to secure the adapted variety for seeding. The intelligent use of commercial fertiliser, treating seed grain for smut, the fallow system in some dry-land areas of the West, and the growing of peas in the place of summer following in other western Sections were also included in the successful program used by the coun? ty agents in these States last year. Re? ports from eastern Washington show very successful results in growing potis after wheat. The wheat crops af? ter peat were increased in yield, and the pea crop itself was available. If these improved methods had been applied throughout these 14 States generally. Instead of upon a limited number of farms where tests mere made, and the same rate of in? crease had held, the Increased wheat yield upon the same acreage would have produced a Considerably enlarg? ed Viread Supply, RFSSO-GERM AX ARMISTICE. Agreement to Cease Fighting signed at Headquarter*. London, Dec. 4.?An armistice be? tween R?BSla and Cermany has been signed at the headquarters of Prince Leopold of Bavaria, says an Ex? change Telegraph dispatch from Am? sterdam today. The armistice is valid 4S hours. Plrt Roads and the War. Thousands of miles of tho roads which furnish the onry outlets from the farms on which is grown the food for ourselves and our allies still re? main as dirt roads. Even if it should be*considered justifiable in this emer? gency to place the moot durable sur? face upon all of these roads, It would be impracticable today or in one \ear or two or three. Moat of them must remain as dirt roads for years to come yet. They must, how? ever, carry to the shipping centers, and without serious interuptions, the Increasing quantities grains and oth? er (food producta which are so vitally nelejsmry at this crtlcal time. The problem of maintaining dirt roads has therefore become a more important one than ever, and county and state highway authorities should see to it that every effort is made to put all of these roads into the best possible condition as soon as prac? ticable. There is still time this falf to do considerable grading and shap? ing of roads- so as to permit them to reaiat more successfully the effects of winter weather, and be in bettor con? dition in the spring for immediate use or more rapid Improvement Ai! highway officials are now familiar with methods of treatment that will prevent excessive rutting, such as the use of the drag, scraper ami other Hinple means, and th >SC should be em? ployed now and whenever, advanta? geous throughout the winter in order to prevent the formation <d' ruta and mud-holes, which make so difficult the p itting of the roads info shape when the frost goes. In a great many localities it is possible to improve ?litt surfaces with local materials at comparatively little coat, smh as by the construction 01 sand-clay roads, by gravel surfacing, etc. Advantage may be taken ?of the comparative idleness of teams and farmers during the winter to haul the Mind, grave] or clay necessary for this purpoae ond distribute it along Un? lades of the road ready for use as soon as weather conditions permit in the spring. Even the snow plow can be: used to advantage in many eases to prevent the concentration of all traf? fic to a single pair of wheel tracks through the snow, which generally re? sults in a cutting through of the road surface along these two lines, to the detriment of the road. Much of the above applies to north prn climates, in many parts ol the Southern states maintenance ami construction of roads can be contin? ued throughout the winter. In such lo-I ?alilies waul; should be begun prompt? ly and continued to insure that there) bail i.e no delay at any time III get-; ing to the distribution centers all the marketable foodstuffs crown any-. \ lere jn t.he State. ? Municipal .lour-; >al. I VW Y NERDS MANY MO HF, SlKX. Eight Thousand Recruits Needed for Ground Personnel of Flying corps. Washington, Dec. 3, Xaw recruit? ing officers it was announced today have been ordered to begin at once a drive for 8,000 men between 21 and 35 to form the ground personnel of the navy's flying corps. Carpenters, woodworkers, machinists, copper? smiths, blacksmiths, fabric workers, riggers, acetyline workers, gas engine repair men and instrument workers are needed especially. After intensive training the men will be eligible for promotion to high? er grades. GERMAN? DRIVEN OUT. last of African Possessions Lost. London. Dec. 3.?"East Africa has been completely cleared of the ene? my." This official announcement was mad" tonight. The text of the announcement reads: "Telegraphing under date of De cember 1 General STandeventer, com? mander of the military forces in East Africa, has reported that reconnais? sances have definitely established that German East Africa is completely Cleared of the enemy. Thus the whole Of German overseas possessions have I assed into our hands and those of our Belgian allies. "<hily a small German force now remains in being. This has taken refuge in adjoining Portuguese terri? tory and measures are being taken to de il with it." HmV the Roll Weevil Has Reined Ps to Appreciate the Value of Fertile Fields. Until recent years Southern farm? ers, as a whole, seemed to give no thought to the state of their soil fer? tility. They continued to grow cot? ton with or without commercial fer ilizers, and without any thought for the future of the soil. They were able to do this longer than any other one-crop farmers were ever before able to do so. because cotton is the 1 est poor-land crop known and re? sponds best to the use of commercial fertilizers. But at last the Southern farmer was rudely jolted out of his- indiffer? ence to the state of his soil fertility. Among other things which served to aWaken him to something like a due appreciation as to just how poor most of our soils had become and of the importance of a rich soil if his farming was to continue to support himself and b,is family, was* the com? ing of the boll weevil. When it be? came necessary to grow other crops, the poverty of his soil revealed itself to him in a light which he had never seen before. He had gone to the very edge of the precipice of de? struction, through his absolute disre? gard of the care of his soil; but the boll weevil while sending many over the precipice also stopped many a man from going over and down to destruction. I*\nd that had produced cotton enough, when fertilized, to give a hare living, absolutely refused to give living yields of corn, oats and other ( tops. It is said that every people who ?0 onto virgin soils de? plete them, sometimes to the point of near starvation, before they begin to sufficiently appreciate the importance (d a rich soil to cause them to do those things necessary to even main? tain, much less build up, soil fertility. There is no denying the fact that the boll weevil had much to do with arousing Southern farmers to a real? ization of the extent to which our Lolls had become depleted and start? ed many of-them to restoring as rap? idly as practicable their worn soils. It is unfortunate that some of these have been sorely disappointed, bo cause of the slowness with which their soils have "come back." This is not really due to any fault of our BollSAfor they respond to good treat? ment amaslngly fast; but it is rather due to the fact that these farmers ex? pected too much and Called to realize that what it had taken many years to destroy could not be restored in a yet r or two. our soils may be made fertile; more fertile than they ever were; but it will take time and ef? fort, or money to do so. and very much money to do so quickly.?The Progressive Farmer. GENERAL STAFF SURRENDERS. Russian staff Submits to Authority Of ?olshevikl. Petrograd, Dec. 4.?Ensign Kry lenko, the Bolshevik I commander In hicf. telegraphed today that the gen ?rai stall which has refused to re cog* ilze the authority of the Bolshevik!, ias surrendered. Paris, Dec 4.?-On the Verdun tout west of the Meuse the Germans ast night attempted to approach the i*rench positions but were brown ?ack, the war office announces. On he Champagne front heavy artillery Ightlng is in progress, The Contrast. The first death penalty Imposed since the American troops landed in France was on an American soldier who was found guilty by court mar? tial of the rape and murder of a French woman. He was executed by a tiring squad, Tht details will be _ published later, sii.ee it is the pur? pose of the United States to make Plain to the world how the American army will deal with men who com? mit such crimes. Tue khaki will not protect brutes fron swift and full punishment. Sterr. relentless justice will be meted out to those who dis? grace the uniform they wear and the righteous nation they represent. In striking contrast is the record of the Herman armir , darkly stained with shame. The w ils of hacked and mutilated children, he shrieks of out? raged girls, mothers aged women and nuns have rent the air where the beasts have gone. Upon the white bodies of the innocent and defenseless is forever stamped the mark of the German beasts in i niform. Dr. Leon Dabo in a public address lately de? livered in New York said that "all the correspondents senc over about the atrocities that have been committed, all the inhumanities, all the bestiali? ties that no paper can possibly receive in ink?they are not only true, but the worst of them n not be told. 1 have been in a hospital in the depart? ment of the Meuse in France i where there are nearly o le thousand girls; not one is eighteen year.* of age and all will be mothers Eleven per cent I in addition are star? mad. I have seen boys terribly mutilated." Not since the Middle Ages h.is been paralleled the horror that the Hun has perpe? trated upon defenseless womanhood. These brutes have not been punished. So far as the worl knows, not one of them has been sh t for his atrocity. Instead, there is e\tdence that these barbarities have been instigated by the arch-fiends higher up in the Ger? man army. There Is no evidence to disprove the assert! a that this cam? paign of frightfulne s had the tacit i sanction of the Imp dal German gov ? ernment. whose was cry is "Onward witk God." The American am v will follow the policy that was beat expressed by I Gen. Robert E. Lee in his immortal Chambersburg ordc ?% written when the Confederate arm? was on foreign I soil: "The duties exacted of us by civ? ilization and Christianity are not less obligatory in the co intry of the en? emy than our own. 1 * * No greater disgrace would bef* I the army, and i through it our whole people, than^be^ perpetration of bar arious outage* upon the innocent and defenseless and the wanton destruction of private property. * * * It nust be remem? bered that we mak.j war only on ? armed men. and that we can not i take vengeance for the wrongs our people have suffered without lower? ing ourselves in the eyes of all whose i abhorrance has been excited by the ? atrocities of our enemy and offending against Him to whom vengeance be longeth, without whoeo favor and sup? port all our efforts must all prove in I vain."?Greenville News. The Need of Economy and Saving. When we put a mi lion and a half soldiers in the field, we withdraw those men from prod active enterpris? es. They do not while they are actual? ly in training or in service produce anything. They do. on the other hand, consume much. There is noth? ing more expensive on earth than to support and maintain a great army in the field, especially if it is on the fight? ing line. The attrition of supplies and everything else is tremendously great when we have a fighting army in the field. America is the one >:reat remaining storehouse in the wo-Id of supplies and credit. We must maintain and make effective as possible our own soldiers and the soldi I of those na? tions who are fighting for us. We must therefore draw as little as pos? sible upon our common store of sup? plies and money. The aiore we lessen our domestic demand, the more we can contribute to the s.ipport and ef? fectiveness of our allied armies. Economy is now a national duty, such a duty upon the ] ?ople at home as lighting is upon those Americans who are bravely offering their lives for the honor of America and the preservation of liberty and justice. Planting Witt*** (I nion Progress.) Union county farmer.- are sowing grain?lota of it--about 3T? per cent more Wheat than It t year. Put more must be sown if South Carolina is to feed itself. So keep sowing grain, preferably with i drill, and put it on your best a d not your poorest land, so there wi be an abun lant harvest. No wonder Austria Is desperate. When Germany thought it would Vtn, Austria stood to lo*e. And now hat Germany la sure to lose. Aus ria also is bound to lose.?Huvte ?M?r. , _ _ .fi:#aj