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WOHL s MOST FVMOlS WIM. mtm,\%p. " simnitiulv lu-a.mfui Proac Point. fVrttUn h) Wllltsioii Fleh, lawvti. Pbi?o^>plM r. ilullroud Man. Her? I? one of the two great ' last will? end testaments" In the Kng lUh language. Both of them are written by railroad men. The oth? er In th?* brief will of the late K. H Harrlmnn. wha In leas than 100 simple Anglo Hwon words. devised aad bequeathed his great fortune and vast Interests solely and a ho gather to his wife. This "last will and testament of Charles Lounvtur..' one of the ob? scure treasures of English llterat ire. was composed by Williston Fish lawyer, of the Chicago Hallways Company and now vice preshb nt In charge of the Hallways Company of West Penn Traction Company. Until the Railroad Man's Maga sivfO unearthed the history of this singularly beautiful prose poem it was generally supposed to have been written Oy an Insane lawyer in an Illinois Institution. "The Bounshury will" was first printed In Harper's Weekly In the year 1AI7. it attracted some atten Uon at the time, and was occasion ally copied In other publications si Ith incorrect history and slovenly credit Finally The Scrap Book resurrected It from a yellow nay of clippings and reproduced It with what at that time seemed to be the correct history of the work and the character of Ita author. Nothing more was publicly heard of the Lounsbury will for many years ' hereafter. It was treasured by those who kept the flies of The Pcrap Book, and references to the slmple beauty of Its thought and Its clean dignity of diction sometimes occurred In the conversation of writers and editors. It waa In this way that the will gams to the notice of Irving Berlin, the writer of Popular ballads. He looked It up In the Scrap Book, and was Inspired to write "When i Leav the World Behind." The refrain begins; 1 II leave the sunshine to the flow era, TU leave the springtime to the trees? Across the title page Mr. Berlin caused to be printed this graceful acknowledgment of his debt to the man who was supposed to have died JjLs. mad house: "Respectfully dedicated to, the memory of Charles Lounsbury. legacy suggested this song." iev? waa a real Charles Louns bury.N?tbough he never wrote, read, or even heard of, the will that made his name famous. He was a big," ( heart), bright York State farmer, kin to Mr. Fish three generations "I took the name of Charles Bounrbury.'' writes Mr. Fish, "to add strength and good will to my story ' The song reached Prof. K. H. Woodruff, of the Cornell University College of Uw. Professor Wood? ruff happened to know th ? real his toty of the will. He wrote to Mr. Benin and told him that the master? piece was purely the Imaginative werk of a practical business man, Mr. Wl llston Fish, of the Chicago hallway Company. Mr. .?e?"lin. ecger to give credit where .t wns due, took the question of authorship up with the editors to Mr. Fish Mr. Fish modestly acknowledge* that he was the author of the famous will, and sent a copy of the original document, which had become gari and changed in its Journey through printed pages Here you have Mr. Fish's original work. It Is a wonderful sermon on the blindness of man who mistakes true gold for dross. What are your real trea?ure*. Are you going through Hfo with your eyes on the ground like the organ grinder's mon? key, with no thought, no vision for aoythlng above pennies? Have you accepted the rich legacy of ( h tries Loun-.t> M the treasures of the dawn, rieh*'* of the fields, th ? glory of the night, and the wealth that Is born of the love of all things that live? If you havent* read this will of a railroad lawyer, and become one of his helrs-at-law. A I a ->( Will. i I' .- Wllllston Fish ) He was stronger and cleverer no doubt, than other men. and In many broad lines of business he had grown rieh, until bis wealth exceeded ex? aggeration. One morning in his of? fice, he directed a request to his ' confidential lawyer to come to him In the afternoon?he intended to have hin will drawn. A will la a solemn matter, even with gstfl whose life Is given up to busings* and who are by habit mindful of tin* future. After giving this direction he took up no other matter, but sat at his d*?*k alone in silence. It was a day when Min na i u || first new The pule l.-i\.< upon th< tr?ea were starting forth SjpOSl the H unbending brain heM. The gi i h In the parks had a freshness In Its green like the freshness of the blue in the sky und the yellow of the sun ?a freshness to make one wish that life might renew its youth. The clear breezes from the south wan? toned about, and then were still, as if loath to go finally away. Hah' Idly, half thoughtfully, the rich man wrote upon the whlto paper before him, beginning what he wrote with capital letters such as he had not made since, as a boy in school, he had taken pride In his skill with the pen . In the name of God. amen, I Charles Ixmnshury, being of wound memory (he lingered on the word memory), do now make and publish this my last will and testament in order, as Justly as I may, to distrib? ute my interests in the world among succeeding men. And first, that part of my interests which is known among men and recognized in the sheep-bound vol? umes of the law as my prorerty, be? ing inconsiderable and of no account, I make no account of this, in my will. My right to live, being but a'llfe estate, is not at my disposal; but these things excepted, all else in thij world I now proceed to devise and bequeath. Item?And first I give to good fathers and mothers, but in trust for their children, nevertheless, all good little words of praise and all quaint pet names; and I charge said parents to use them justly but gen? erously as the needs of their chil? dren shall require. Item?I leave to children exclu? sively, but only for the life of their childhood, all and every, the dande? lions of the fields and the daisies thereof, with the right to play among them freely, according to the custom of children, warning them at the same time against the thistle*. And I devise to children the yellow shores of creeks and the golden sands beneath the waters thereof, with the dragons-files that skim the surface of said waters, and the odors of the willows that dip into said waters, and the white clouds that float high over the gaint trees. And I leave to children the long, long days to be merry in, In a thou? sand ways, and the night and the moon and the train and the Milk v Way to wonder at, but subject, nev- 1 ?rtheless. to the rights hereinafter liven to lovers; and I give to each child the right to choose a star that ihall be his. and I direct that th* mild's father shall tell him the 1 tame of it. in order that the child 1 ihall always remember the name of ' ihe star after he has learned and ( forgotten astronomy. Item?I devise to boys and Klrls ' ill the useful idle fields and torn rnona where ball may be played, and ill snowclad hills where one may coast, and all streams and ponds M here one may skate, to have and to hold the samo for the period of their boyhood, and all meadows, with the clover blooms and butter? flies thereof; and all woods with their appurtenances of squirrels and whirring birds and echoes and ' strange noises; and all the dLstant places which may bo visited togeth? er with the adventures there found I do give to said boys to be theirs. And I give to said boys each his own place at the fireside at night, with all pictures that may be seen in tho burning wood or coal to enjoy with? out let or hindrance and without any encumbrance of cares. Item?To lovers I devise their Imaginary world, with whatever they may need, as tho stars of the sky. the red. red roses by the well, the snow of tha hawthorn, the sweet strains of music, or aught else they may desire to figure to each other the lastingness and beauty of their love. Item?To young men jointly, be? ing Joined In a brave, mad crowd, I devise and bequeath all boisterous, inspltlng sports of rivalry. I giv to them disdain of weakness and un ' ninted confidence in their own Strength. Though they are rude and rough, I leave to them alone the power of making lasting friendship id of possessing c nnpanions; ami to them exclusively I give all merry M ngs and brave choruses to sing, with smooth voices to troll them forth. Item?And to those who are no longer children or youths or lover-. I leave memory, and I leave to them the volumes of the poems of Burns and ntiakOSpSOrS. and Of other poets, if there are ethers, to the end that they may ii\the old days over again freely and fully, without tithe <a diminution; and to those who are ae longer children or youths oi lovers i loavoi loo, the knowledge ol what a rare gift it Is. Troiii The Railroad Man s Ifagaglne, ( Washington. Nov. L'7 The death of Pi I rate William J, Legan, engl? neera whose sister. Roals Windham, resiles in Atulne, h\ d was report? ed today b) den? Perehlng. Logan died November II, of pneumonls complicated with ether diseases, - IECREAAJIY or tkkasiuy i\ i'ok.Ms (o\<.m:ss of mon i:v WEEDED. Washington, Deo, 5.?Congress was' Informed by Btorotnry BfoAdoo in his annual report submitted today that I6.lfl.t0l.7ll must b? provided in addition to funds from taxes and bond issues already authorized in order to make estimated receipts for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918 equal dis? bursements. It this deticit is met by i new issue of bonds, the total amount of securities to be issued in the next seven months is estimated at $9,969, 433,850. For the next fiscal year, ending June 30, 1919, the estimated excess of disbursements over receipts is $7,627, 973.980. Huge war expenses and loans to America's allies at the rate of a half billion dollars a month have made these estimates many times larger than ever presented in a secretary of the treasury's annual report. Of the $12,316,000,000 estimated ordinary ex? penditures for the year ending next June 30, $11,527,060,000 is for war purposes, and the proportion is about the same for the liscal year ending in 1919. So far the nation has borne the financial burdens of the war well, says Secretary McAdoo, owing to healthy business conditions, and the valuable aid of the established Federal Re? serve System. In the future, however, increasingly greater habits of econ? omy must be developed by individ? uals and business institutions, the secretary declares, and "business a?; usual" cannot be adopted as the guiding principle of the war. People must save and invest in government securities to avoid postponing victory. With this udmonition, Mr. McAdoo proceeds to cite the enormous figures of government receipts and expendi? tures which are the fruit of war tunes . Total estimated receipts for the cur? rent fiscal year are $12,580,732,800, which, with a balance in the treasury last June 30 of $1,066,983,361, makes a total of $13,647,716,161. ftlost of the receipts. or $8,686,000,000, are from sale of bonds and war savings: ( ? rtiflcates; ordinary receipts are $3,-, 886.00)?,?>?>?>, largely from war taxes; and tin? Panama Canal income is 17,040,000. Ordinary disbursements are esti? mated at $18,816,296,888; loans to , ilMc-s^in the- year at $6,115,000,000; pubj^c. debt disbursements at $321, 500,000; and Panama Canal expenses, ; $L'3.r?93,000; making total estimated disbursements $18,775,919,955. In ampler to allow for a balance in the general fund of about $500,000, 000 next .June 80, congress must au? thorize raising of about $5,640,000, 000 additional funds. This llgure, to? gether with the $3,666,000,000 of au? thorized but linlseued Liberty Ponds, and $663,000,000 estimated receipts from war savings, make the $9,969, 000,000 which Mr. McAdoo believes Americans must loan the government between now and June 30, 1918. For the next fiscal year, ending June 80, 1919, the secretary estimat? ed receipts at $5,176,000,000, and disbursements at $12,804,03 1,440, ex? clusive of allied loans. This makes a $7,627,000,000 excess of disburse? ments. If the present rate of loans to allies is continued in the 1918-19 fiscal year. $6,000,000,000 additional would be required. Estimated inter? est on bonds to be Issued that year |sj $385,000,00??. and estimated expense of floating the bond issue, $28,000,000. Thus if the deiicit is to be met by bonds. $14,040,000,000 worth must be floated between July 1, 1918 and June 3?), 1919. in addition to receipts front war savings. "While these figures represent the situation as it appears today," the secretary says, "it should be borne in mind that the exigencies of the future may cause changes, particularly with regard to the estimate for the war and navy departments." The esti? mates on which the secretary bases his figures are made by the various government departments. The outstanding fact apparent from these stupendous figures is that the 008| <>f the war to the American people, including allied loans, for the two years ending June 30, 1919, will be at least 186,000,000,000. To the great task facing the coun? try. Secretary McAdoo calls the peo? ple with these words: "What is of superlative Importance in the readjustment that must take place is that our people shall he im? pressed with the necessity of sconr omizing in the consumption of ar? ticles Of clothing, food and fuel, and of every other thyig which constl? tUtCS a drain Upon the available slip piles, materials, and resources of the country. Everything wasted now is little short of criminal, "Sii tar as i have been able to ob? serve, tie American i.pie are not sufficiently nroused i<> the necessity of I economy ami of saving In ibis really ? ??l ions time, not only ?>> the life of I \ uterieti. hut of the nations of the world. Up to the present there has been a relatively small denial of pleasures, comforts, and convenienc? es on the part of the average citizen, lie is drawing upon the general store of supplies in the country with al? most the same freedom as before America came into the war. This cannot continue without serious hurt to the nation and to the world. The great financial operations of the gov? ernment cannot be carried forward successfully unless the people of the United States economize in every possible direction, save their money and lend it to the government." Secretary MoAdOO denounced pur? chasers of Liberty bonds who sell their bonds when they do not imper? atively need money. "It is by actually lending money to the government and not by merely promising it and shifting the loan to some one else," he said, "that the citizen really helps in this great time." He added, however, that he did not mean to discourage legitimate trad? ing in government securities. Mr. McAdoo expressed the hope that additional funds to be raised during the balance of the year be by bond issues rather than by taxation, saying: "It is my earnest conviction that the general economy of the country should be permitted to readjust it? self to the new revenue laws before consideration should be given to the imposition of additional tax burdens." Of the possibility that interest rates on future Liberty bond issues might be raised, the secretary said: "If a situation should develop where the government could not sell con? vertible and partly tax exempt bonds upon a 4 per cent basis, it would, I believe, become necessary to serious? ly consider further revenue legisla? tion. In my judgment an increase in the rate of interest of such bonds would be extremely unwise and hurt? ful." Secretary McAdoo disclosed that he intends to recommend to congress la? ter in the session constructive and regulatory laws to prevent capital from going into public or private en? terprises unnecessary for the war. "It may also become necessary," he added, "to concert some construc? tive measures through which essen? tial credits may be provided for those industries and enterprises in the coun? try essential to the efficient and suc? cessful conduct of the war. The sub? ject requires the best thought and study, it is receiving the most earn? est consideration "The courage and resources of the nation are so abundant that America's uyecess in the war is beyond question if they are properly organized and in? telligently used. The ' economic and financial condition of the country was never so strong and America's spirit was never more siroused to the im? portance and necesity of going for? ward, resolutely and regardless of ?acrifloOi to the accomplishment of the great task to which Uod has call? ed us." The Federal EU serve System receiv? ed Secretary McAdOO's enthusiastic praise for its part in the war llnanc ing program, He pleaded for further strengthening of the reserve system by the entrance of State banks and trust companies. ^ "Intelligent men all over the coun? try," he said, "are beginning to real? ize that the financial power of the United States should be strengthened to the utmost limit if we are to meet successfully the tremendous strain upon our resources occasioned by our own part in the war and the credits which it is essential that we should extend to the foreign governments cooperating with us in the war and if we are to be equal to the demands, in large measure, at least, of world leadership which will inevitably be thrust upon us as a result of this wa r. "Financial strength can come alone from a consolidation of the financial powers*- of the country under one homogenous system. It cannot be had under the present arrangement, in? volving as it does 49 separate banking I systems or "save their money and lend jit to the government." I "It is- easy |o visualize the course of a dollar saved from waste and in? vested in government bonds: First it goes to the government as a loan for the war, second, it is expended by the government for food, clothing and ammunition which go directly to a gallant soldier or sailor whose lighting strength is kept up by the food, whose body is kept warm by the cloth? ing, and whose enemy Is hit by the ammunition. It has not been ex? pended in the purchase of needless food ami clothing for the man 'it home, and is, therefore, released for the use of the soldier; it is saved wealth to the man at home and can be loaned t<> his government ;it interest, with resulting benefit to himself and to ins government." - Tan's. Dee, B Right German air planer were brought down Monday bj French aviators, the war office an? nounced. Active artillery fighting is m progress on the Verdun front. ??asi ? r the Mouse, CHAMBER OF COMMERCE NOTES. Tobacco Warehousemen anal Tobac? co Buyers Urging Another Toboooo Warehouse for Suinter?PlrospOCtS for Tobacco Stcnimeries, Drying Plants, and a Biff Tobacco Market if Second Warehouse Is Built. Several tobacco warehousemen and tobacco buyers of North Carolina and Virginia are urging the Btimtor Chamber of Commerce to start a movement for another tobacco ware? house In Bumter and ; re offering to b ase the second warehouse on one to three year leases. These tobacco buyers to whom ref? erence is made, and who have spent months on this market for several years, believe that Sumter is a logical place for one of thrs largest tobacco markets in the State, and with oppor? tunities unexcelled for tOb&CCO stein merles and drying plan's, and they cannot understand why Sumter, with the splendid railway transportation facilities, its geographical position in the midst of a spletiold tobacco pro? ducing territory and centrally located, not only for a big c maceo producing section, but adjoining an already es? tablished tobacco productlng territo? ry, naturally tributary to the Bumter tobacco market, sho.tld be content with one warehouse, which Is a draw? back to this tobacco market for the simple reason that thousands of to? bacco growers are prejudiced against a one warehouse market and in fa? vor of a two or more warehouse mar? ket, because they believe competition between warehouses causes higher prices. This prejudice is without business foundation, but it exists, and. existing, cripples a one ware? house market. Dozens of these to? bacco buyers are anxious to come to Sumter every summer and ask to be sent back here every season be? cause they say they like Sumter. the) like our boarding house and hotel accommodations, and our farmers, and they say that they and their com? panies will back up another tobacco warehouse here, will do everything In their power to make Sumter a bug tobacco market and to put in stevn merles and drying plants here, if Buglter will only wake up to the val? ue of a big tobacco market to this city and county. The expenditure of about $6,000 for another hut smaller warehouse will mean the expenditure of about $100.000 more, to begin with, annually In this city among our business establishments, and that much more for deposit in Sumter'.; banks. Just because the only tobacco warehouse we have has never paid a dividend on the capital stock because this company started off several thou? sand dollars in debt, owing to failure of a number of capital stock subscrib? ers during 1914 to pay for stock sub? scribed, and which indebtedness has been reduced by .applying dividends and rents to pay debts, with unlncum? bered real estate and buildings valued at about $14,000, and the best of prospects for a dividend on stock next, year, is no reason why the business men of Sumter. not a one of whom invested more than $500 In our only warehouse at the start, and the ma? jority not more than $100 each In stock, should sit quietly by and worry over six or eight per cent dividends on their small investments not being received in three years since the warehouse was erected, while at the same time this city is losing hundreds of thousands of dollars annually in tobacco trade, and other and smaller towns around Sumter are selling hun? dreds of thousands of dollars of goods from tobacco receipts that Sumter could get if we only had another to? bacco warehouse In Sumter. The Sumter Chamber of Commcrc" has tried to get another warehouse for Sumter, but the organisation has met with the cry that "we have never received any dividends on our stock in the present tobacco warehouse." Many Sumter business men have invested thousands of dollars of their money in other Sumter enterprises from which they not only never re? ceived any dividends, but in which they lost their entire investments, and the enterpises have failed and gone out of existence, but they are not whining about those losses, while the stockholders of the tobacco ware? house have their Capital stock intact. in $14,000 buildings and real estate unlncumbered and which can be turned into ready cash at any time and pay a profit on the investment. Efforts have been made to buy up this property by running down the tobacco warehouse as in investment and a few shares of stock changed hands. But a tobacco warehouse is a pay? ing proposition, not because of the dividends received on the capital stock, but the amount of money ? tobacco warehouse brings to a town every selling season. Dozens of tobacco buyers, a ware? houseman and about ir> employes annually remain here every summer for 60 to 9<? eays and spend ? lot of money here for board, automobile hire, lumber, labor, etc.. not to men tion the thousands of dollars tho warehouse brings here in the shape of tobacco money rect /ed on the warehouse floor* Two warehouses will increase the business of tobaeco selii: g in this city and will also create a greater demand for both warehouses. The present tobacco warehouse has been leased for next tobacco selling season, for double what it was leased for here? tofore, and the number of applicants for next year was 500 p *r cent great? er thin this year. This gives an idea of what tobaCCO warehousemen and buyers of tobaeco think of Sumter as a tobacco market, ar what they think of the prospect for higher prices of tobacco for 1 IS also. Doth warehouses, i another is erected, will probably :>ay dividends in 19It. Bumter should be made a big tobacco market, a ; d can be if only about $6,000 can ie pried loose from somewhere without "dividends" for a year or two long< \ MAKE THIRD MJH.VJR. Engineers Again GO Over Proposed Bridge site. Columbia. Dec. 4.?A party of en? gineers, under Edmund McCrady, as? sistant State highway engineer, left Sunday to begin a p.eliminary sur? vey of the Lanneau's .'erry, one of proposed bridge sites 4 v crossing the Bantee. This will be the third sur? vey of the Lanneau'*; Ferry, one of the proposed bridge Kit ?s for crossing the Bantee. This will be the third sur? vey to be made. Murray's Crossing and Pinckney's Crossmg having al? ready been surveyed ft r the commis? sion. The engineers Will be absent for several days inthe work, which will be very thorough, so as to give the commission grounds for an impartial investigation of the dii'erent plans. F. A. Murry, State highway engi? neer, will also accompany the party but is forced to cut Faort his investi? gation to attend a meeting of the American Association of State High? way Officials in RichMond. SUMTEIt COTTOX MARKET. P. O. BOWMAN, cotton Buyer. (Corrected daily at II o'clock Noon.) Good Middling 2S '-8. Strict Middling 28 1-8. Middling 27 7-8. Strict Low Middling 27 3-8. Low Middling 26 7 8. NEW YORK COTTON M VHiU.T. open Itlgb Low Oos? Close Yes'dys Dec. . . 29.10 29.48 29.09 29.26 29.05 Jan . . 28.60 28.72 J8.42 28.54 28.45 Mar. . 28.40 28.47 28.11 28.22 28.14 The Library Opened. From The Daily Item, Dec. 4. The formal opening of the Public Library last even in was attended by a large number of P terested citizens, who have looked forward to the estab? lishment of a librar in Sumter with keenest anticipations for many years. The building whi> a was erected through the cooper; tion of the City Council, which provi led for the main? tenance of the library by an annual appropriation of $',000, the City School Board, which gave the lot, and the Carnegie Found; tion, which gave $10,000 for the erection of the building. The library budding which is situated on the western end of the Ryttenberg lot. purchased by the ?ChOOl board several years ago, faces on "West Liberty street. It is a sub? stantial and attract) e building, with? out ornamentation, Its beauty being in the simplicity ar.d s mmetry of its ar? chitecture. In planning the building the architect had I ie benefit of the ezpeirence the Carnegie Board has gained in supervising the erection of several thousand libraries and it is well aranged, as c ?nvenient and as well adapted to the ?urpose for which it was designed as i; possibly could be. The library now contains nearly two thousand books, many of which have been donate! b) clubs, other local organizations and public spirited cit? izens. Recently a arge number of new books have be< n purchased with funds raised far the purpose by the Civic League and others. The lib? rary is by no means as complete as is Ii slrable, but the I ooks will be pro? vided from time to time and it is a well known fact that a library is a matter of growth, ii being impossible to create one out-of-hand no matter how much money here is available for the purp OOS. The success and >. ilue of the library are dependent upon the use that the people of the conn unity make of it, and the use of a library is an index of the intellectual 1 fe and growth of a community. It is the confident be? lief of those who hi re worked for the establishment of this library that it Will And a need ar that it will soon occupy a large pkioa in the life of Bumter people. London. Dec. 5. In addition to the customary srtlllerj activity on both sides of the battle front there was nothing to report, says today's war oii'n e announcemei t.