University of South Carolina Libraries
imttoroii. n MimBR Watchman, Estabu*hc<i Ai>m, ism. "lie M and Ita not?tm a? the ends tboa Almat at be thy Oooacrj'm Thy God's aad Tiatara." HOC TRUE 6O0TUK0N, Oon*olldat*d Aug. 2,1861. SUMTER, 8. 0., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18. 1917. Vol XLIV. No. 18. m mm nibs. HO OMIXmON RAISED IN ?OCfUC lO EMERGENCY WAR MSKMB. of $3,0*0,000,000 for ADtc* In? tel Yam Fund to Carry ' ? BUI to Rataa New Taxes FVirmaamd Neat Week. Washington. April 14.?Without a itins voice the house, ami aaaudtts of members and the gal tejUaai late today passed the seven ?W&g*) dollar war revenue authort kta. One member, Rep I J^ondon of New York, the la congress, voted Owtng to general pairs and abeen ocuy ttt votee were recorded for the bin but both Democratic Kttchtn and Republican Mann announced that all their members would hart voted af? firmatively if they had been present Formality of a roll call vould have dispensed with If several mem who voted against th? war rem SfaUssi had not Insisted upon hav the opportunity of recording Ivos In favor of providing to entry on hostilities now that the nation la at war. bill authorises $6 000,000,000 of which $3.000.000.00 will hp loaned to entente countries, and Issuance of treasury certificate? lav $3.00S.OOO,000 ultimately to be ?aal by increased taxation Passage of the meaaure never was In doabt during the two days It waa wads i cunsid?ratioa in the house and mvorable act loa by an overwhelming ?ata la assured In the senate, where at will be taken up Monday. It prob ?Mg wkl be signed by the president hp the middle of next week. . IJsarmouon in the house was con ilpad chiefly, to proposed amend ?*. Five of these were added, wore agreed to by the waya and aaeaJM committee and none material hs almagod lha Intent of the bill s flags*ra. The two most Important aanamtments. drafted by Representa? tive .Leoroot of Wisconsin and ac aatftgd by the committee, would con aaa the proposed $3.000,000 allied mfUs to countries at war with Ger raaiy and permit loans only during the war. Others would prohibit .sale r.f Cnued states bonds at leas than pur. permit purchase of foreign bonds "at par" and limit the cost of dis? posing of the $6,000,000,000 worth bonds to one-tenth of 1 per cent, of their total. Rapresntatlve Fltsgerald of New Tark, chairman of the appropriations committee, made the proposal to cut ttt half the cost of disposing of the bonds, originally fixed at one-fifth of 1 per cent. Mr. Kltohln, In charge of the meas? ure. Med to offset the amendment by Inserting a provision that the secre? tary of the treasury should expend one-fifth of 1 per cent, "oi as much mm is necessary" but he failed. A proposal by Representative Moors of Pennsylvania to limit the life of the bonos to SO yesrs, another by Representative vJreen of Iowa to create a congressional committee to act with the secretary of the treasury the president la disposing of the and other > posed amend - simitar to Mr. Green's were Otsi w he I min tri y defeated. Democrats aad Rspubl.cane alike declared they were satisfied to leave the details to Its* secretary and president. Any doubts that may have been on tertalned as to the popularity of the proposed loan to the allies were swept ?way with the voting; down. 217 to 3. of a proposal *ty Representative Tuwnsr, made at the outset of the session, to strike oit th* $' - - feature, with a view to hav lag It authorised later with s pro? vision for congressional participation ttt sdministering Mr. Towner was *' aat opgossd to the loan but he drew I the are of the bill's supporters quite SO much as If be had been. Represent a'Ivo Rainey Of Illinois, ranking Democratic member of the ways and rncana committee, aroused the floor sad asllsrles to cheers by fervently denouncing the proposal and picturing France, a friend in need of the United States, suffering while congress quibbled over terms of ths loan. Kspresentutlve Fltsgerald I foHowed him with the declaration that the question of maintaining American rights and not the possi? bility of the loan being returned was the question that faced congress. Hop ^xeeentatlve Mann urged that this aouatry could not help the allies with sasfa aff*naVal-equlprnent now but that It aanud help with money and that it ShouM) do It Chairman ( Simmons of the Lenste fattlfsTi imxaajfttee wyi take the bill BRITISH CAPTURE LEU. IMPORTANT RAILROAD CISNTER AND KEY OF GERMAN LINE. British Patrols in Streets of City But Germans Arc Making Dceporato Re shtance In Outlying District to Gain lime to Destroy Coal Mines and Devastate the Country. London. April 16.?Although Brit? ish patrols have been In the streets of Lens and the British are in the outskits of St. Quentlne the fall of nei? ther of these towns has been officially announced. It la apparent that the Germans are desperately resisting the British advance to give the engineers time in which to destroy the mines around Lens. The British announce the capture of Vllleret, which straightens their line northwest of St. Quentin. They also announce additional progress northwest of Lens. The French announce that they have penetrated the German aecond lines in Alsace and found many Ger? man dead. They have also made ad? ditional galna aouth of the Olae river. Artillery fire was heavy last night In Alsace, Loralne. Campagne and Sols sons, at Rheims and south of the Olae. The fighting on the western front has asaumed almost the proportions of a general engagement, from the North Sea to Switzerland. Artillery fire and raiding are becoming signifi? cant, even along the line the Belgians hold. Germany announces a British and French loss of eleven airplanes yesterday between Soisaona and Ver? dun. The Germans also announce that the German fire prevented British at? tacks on the northern bank of the river Scarpe also northeast of Croi selles. The report says the Germans repulsed the British north of Arras on the Combat road, taking four hun? dred and seventy-five prisone s and a number of guns. It says that fighting developed this morning over a wide sector. QUART-A-MONTH OPINION. Relates to Duties of Judges of Pro hate. Columbia. April 13.?Claud N.I Sapp, assistant attorney general, has rendered an opinion to C. R. Bell, Judge of prdbate for Alken county, in which certain duties of judges of pro bato under the quart-a-month act are outlined. The opinion follows. "Your lettet of the 10th instant to the Attorney General relative to your duties In connection with the enforcement of the quart-a-month act has been handed me for attention. "You ask to be advised as to wheth? er or not under the terms of the act you are required, when requested to do so, to take the oath In connection with the affidavit required to be filed by persons making application to you for permits to order liquor. You ask further to he advised whether or not the affidavit required to be filed In person by the applicant. "In reply thereto I beg to advise that the affidavit required to be filed may be made before any ofheer of the State qualified to administer an oath, but in the event the party desiring the permit should request that you take his affidavit, it Is your duty to do so. You may, however, charge and collect a fee of 25 cents for ad? ministering tho oath. "As to tho question whether the af? fidavit should be filed in person by the party doslring the permit, I am of the opinion that it was the intention and purpose of the legislature to require parties making application for the permit to apear in person before the Judges of probate and file their af i fldavlts, and that you should so rule. ! The act In this regard is not specific. This point, however, could be deter? mined by the court on the relation of the parties aggrloved by this con j struction." Columbia. April 16.?The University ' of South Carolina will abandon all tn tercolegiato athletics after Saturday in order to give more time to the mil? itary training class. up with his committee Monday an ' since there is no opposition to it, ex pects to report it to the senate at once. Leader Martin expects to keep It the unfinished business until pass? ed. There will be no great opposition on the floor, although thero may be some debate. j Consideration of the ways of pro OOCiag to w taxea to meet In whole or in part th?? treasury certificates fo $2,ono,000.000 will begin In tho ways and means committee next week. President Wilson pie to He Bess Southern Far Priced Cotton, But Europe?To Miner, cessity of Each Do1 Fanner Can Best Se Stuffs?"Supreme T dent Says. ppeals to American Peo o Their Bit/' Not to Heed the Siren Call of High Help Feed Nation and Nations of ' Railroad Man, He Points Out Ne HisPart to Carry on Trade?The His Country by Growing Food of Democracy Has Come," Presi Washington, April 15.?President Wilson tonight in an address ti his fellow countrymen called uponfevery American citizen?man, womasl and child?to join together to makl the nation a unit for the preservatlm of its ideals and f >r triumph of dimoc racy in the world war. "The supreme test of the natk 1 has como," says the address. "We must all speak, act and serve togethei The president urges all the I eople to concentrate their energies, prac? tice economy, prove unselfishness and demonstrate efficiency. He appealed to the farmers with emphasis on his words and particu? larly to the farmers of the South, to plant foodstuffs. The Southerifmrm ers, he said, "can show their patriot? ism in no better or more convincing way than by resisting the great temp? tation of the present p?dce of cotton and helping to feed the nations and the peoples everywhere fighting for their liberties and our own." The address follows: "My Fellow Countrymen: "The entrance of our own beloved country into the grim and terrible war for democracy and human rights which has shaken the world creates so many problems of national life and action which call lor Immediate con? sideration and settlement that I hope you wilt permit me to address te* you a few words of earnest counsel and appeal with regard to them. "We are rapidly putting our nnvy upon an effective war footing and are about to create and equip a great army, but these are the simplest parts for the great task to which we have addressed ourselves. There is not a single selfish element, so far as I can see, in the cause we are fighting for. We are fighting for what we believe and wish to be the rights of mankind and for the future peace and security of the world. To do this great thing worthily and successfully \vc must de? vote ourselves to the service without regard to profit or material advantage and with an energy and Intelligence that will rise to the level of the enter? prise itself. We must realize to the full how great the task is and how many things, how many kinds and elements of capacity and service and self sacrifice It involves. "These, then, are the things we must do and do well, besides fighting ?the things without which mere fighting would be fruitless: "We must supply abundant food for ourselves and for our armies and our seamen, not only but also for a large part of the nations with whom we have now made common cause, in whose support and by whose side we shall be fighting. "We must supply ships by the hun? dreds out of our ship yards to carry to the other side of ihe sea, subma? rines or no submarines, what will every day be neded there, and abund? ant materials out of our fields and our mines and our factories with which not only to clothe and equip our own forces on land and sea but also to clothe and support our people for whom the gallant fellows under arms can no longer work; to help clothe and equip the armies with which we are cooperating in Europe and to keep the looms and manufac? tories there in raw material; coal to keep the fires going In ships at sea and in the furnaces of hundreds of factories across the sea; steel out of which to make arms and ammuni? tion both here and there; rails for worn out railways back of the fighting fronts; locomotives and rolling stock to lake the place of those every day going to pieces; mules, horses, cattle, for labor and for military service; everything with which the people of England and France and Italy and Hussla have usually supplied them? selves but can not now afford the men, the materials or the machinery to make. ' it is e\'dent to every thinking man that our Industries, on the farms In the ship yurds. in the mines, in five factories, must be made more prolili^ and more efficient than ever, and Unat they must be more economically man? aged and better adapted to the partic? ular requirements of our task than they have been, and what I want to say is that the men and the women who devote their thought and their energy to these things will he serving the country and conducing the fight for peace and freedom just as truly dud just as effectively as the men on the battlefield or in the trenches. The industrial forces of the country, men and women alike, will be great na? tional, a great industrial service army and noble and honored host engaged in the service of the nation and the world, the efficient friends and sa? viors of free men everywhere. Thous? ands, nay hundreds of thousands, of men otherwise liable to military ser? vice will of right and of necessity be excused from that service and assign? ed to the fundamental, sustaining work of the fields and factories and mines, and they will be as much part of the great patriotic forces of the nation as the men under fire. "I take the liberty, therefore, of ad? dressing these words to the farmers of the country and to all who work on the farms: The supreme need of our own nation and of the nations with which we are operating is an abun? dance of supplies and especially of foodstuffs. The importance of an ade? quate food supply, especially for the present year, is superlative. Without abundant food, alike for the armies j and the peoples now at war, the whole gerat enterprise upon which we have embarked will break down and fail. The world's food reserves are low. Not only during the present emergenc\ but for some time after peace shall have come both our own people and a large proportion of the people of Europe must rely upon the harvests h. America. Upon the farmers of this country, therefore, in large measure rests the fate of tho war ana the fate of uhe nations. May the nation not count upon them to omit no step that will increase the production of their land or* that will bring about the most effectual cooperation in the sale and distribution of their products. Th time is short. It is of the most im? perative importance that everything possible be done and done immedi? ately to make sure of large harvests. I call upon young men and old alike ?*nd upon the ablebodled boys of the land to accept and act upon this duty ?to turn In hosts to the farms and make certain that no pains and no labor is lacking in this great matter. "I particularly appeal to the farm? ers of the South to plant abundant foodstuffs as well as cotton. They can show their patriotism in no bet? ter or more convincing way than by resisting the great temptation of the present price of cotton and helping, helping upon a great scale, to fee the nation and the peoples every? where who are fighting for their lib? erties and for our own. The variety of their crops will be the visible meas? ure of their comprehension of their national duty. "The government of the United States and the governments of the several States stand ready to cooper? ate?they will do evrything possible to assist farmers in securing an ade? quate supply of seed, an adequate force of laborers when they are most needed, at harvest time, and the means of expediting shipments of fertilizers and farm machinery as well as of the crops themselves when har? vested. The course of trade shall b< as unhampered as it is possible to make it and there shall be no unwar? ranted manipulation of the nation's food supply by those who handle it on its way to the consumer. This is our opportunity to demonstrate the efficiency of a great democracy and wo shall not fall short of It This let me say to the middlemen of every sort whether they are hand? ling our foodstuffs or our raw ma? terials of manufacture or the prod? ucts of our mills and factories: Tho ^yes of the country will be especial? ly upon you. This to your opportun? ity for Bignal service, efficient and AUSTRIA DESIRES PEACE. ATTEMPT TO DETACH RUSSIA FROM T11E ENTENTE BAT? TLE LINE. Semi-official Statement Issued at Vi? enna to Sound the Russian Pro? visional Government on the Sub? ject of a Separate Peace. Paris, April 16.?A semi-official statement has been issued at Vienna declaring: that Austria-Hungary de? sires peace w'th the Russian people and that there is no real obstacle to this aim, according to a Zurich dis? patch. The dispatch says the state? ment announces that the Austrian government has taken note of the declaration of the provisional Rus? sian government that it desires no acquisition of territory and wants a durable peace founded on the rights of the people to dispose of themselves. -V NORWAY HELPING GERMANY. Many Submarines Built in Christianla for German Government. Boston, April 16.?German subma? rines in large numbers have been built in Norway, according to a let? ter from C. O. Dahl, a Christianla ship builder, to his nephew, Dr. Andrew Christian, a physician of the Backbay district. The letter adds that Ger? many has not given orders for the building of any submarines after May 1st, which is taken by Dahl to mean either that Germany has plenty Ol expects the war to end this summer. disintersted. The country expecU you as it expects all others, to fore? go unusual profits, to organize and expedite shipments of supplies of ev? ery kind, but especially of food, with an eye to the service you are ren? dering and in the spirit of those who enlist in the ranks, for their people, I not for themselves. I shall confl | dently expect you to deserve and win the confidence of people of every sort and station. "To the men who run the railways of the country! whether they be managers or operative employes, let me say that the railways are the arteies of the nation's life and thai upon them rests the immense re? sponsibility of seeing to it that those arteries suffer no obstruction of any i kind, no inefficiency or slackened power. To the merchant let me sug? gest the motto 'small profits and quick service' adn to the ship build? er the thought that the life of the war depends upon him. The food and the war supplies must be car? ried across the seas, no matter hov many ships are sent to the bottom. The places of those that go down must be supplied and supplied at once. To the miner let me say that he stands where the farmer does? the work of the world waits on him. If he slackens or fails, armies and statesmen are helpless. He also is enlisted in the great service army. The manufacturer does not need to be told, I hope, that the nation looks to him to speed and perfect every process; and I want only to remind his employes that their service is absolutely indispensable, and is count? ed on by every man who loves the country and its liberties. "Let me suggest also, that every one who creates or cultivates a garden helps, and helps greatly, to solve the] problem of the feeding of the nations: and that every housewife who prac? tices strict economy puts herself in the ranks of those who serve the na? tion. This is the time for America to correct her unpardonable fault of wastefulness and extravagance. Let every man and every woman assume the duty of careful, provident use and expenditure as public duty, as a dic? tate of patriotism which no one now can expect ever to be excused or for j given for ignoring. "In the hope that this statement of the needs of the nation and of the world in this hour of supreme crisis may stimulate those to whom it oomes ar d remind all who need reminders of the solemn duties of a time such as the world has never seen before. I! beg that all editors and publishers everywhere will give as prominent I publication and as wide circulation ;is possible to this appeal. 1 venture to siiKgest also to all advertising agencies that they would perhaps render a very I substantial and timely service to the country if they would give it wide- | spread repetition. And T hope that clergymen will not think the theme of it an unworthy or inappropriate subject of comment and homily from their pulpits. "The supreme test of the nation has come. We must all speak, act and serve together! "Woodrow Wilson." PROGRAM WINS MUCH PRAISE IS BEST WHICH REDPATH CHAU? TAUQUA HAS EVER PUT OUT. Has More Varied and Stronger Attrac? tions Than Chautanquaa of Past Years?Representative in City to Start Program?Tickets May Be Secured Now. Wm. S. Wright, Redpath repre? sentative, who will be in charge of the advertising for Sumter's Redpath Chautauqua, which opens here, Thursday, arrived in our city Satur? day night, and will remain until after the opening day. Mr. Wright has just visited thirty of the Southern cities on this circuit, in Georgia, North and South Carolina, Virginia, meeting with the committees, who prounounce this season's program the best ever offered their cities. Mr. Wright is personally acquainted with most of the talent on this season's program, having booked them for the past five years in Michigan, and says that the big program which opens in our city Thursday is more varied, stronger and better balanced than last year's, every day a red letter day, moving up a notch from the high mark set the past two years by the Redpath. Sel? dom has any community been given the opportunity to hear such famous musical artists and celebrated lectur? ers as will appear on this big de luxe program in 120 of the best and largest cities from Jacksonville, Fla., to Chi? cago. Anticipating that the Chautauqua patrons of this great circuit would ex? pect attractions of more than ordi? nary excellence this season, after the past two years progress, which proved such a big success, the Redpath built up a program, new in its making and the best that ever appeared on a Chautauqua platform. Mr. Wright states that the talent this season is costing three hundred dollars, ($300) more per town than last year. The extra cost represents an additional ex? penditure, not an advance in salary. In spite of this the season tickets re? main the same as last season. Think of it, this wonderful program coming to our city and by purchasing a season ticket you not only get to hear this great array of talent, for twelve cents a number, but you help your Y. M. C. A., which is making the Chtauutaqua possible. Tickets are selling fast. If you have not secured yours do so at once, as there is only an allotted number ?C the reduced price. Suggestion Made as to Planting Crops. I have noticed the many urgent ap? peals that are, being made for the farmers to plant food crops. The difficulty is that these appeals have come too late. Crops have already been pitched and the farmers can't do the work over to plant different crops from those already planned. Howeve-, I have a suggestion to make Which will partially eliminate some of the difficulties and give us a large crop of corn without materi? ally reducing the cotton crop. It is this, adopt the Aldrich plan worked out by A. P. Aldrich of Barnwell. His plan la brief is this: Lay off the land in four foot rows (the usual width of cotton beds), plant two rows in corn and two rows in cotton alternately across the field. This gives 12 feet on each side of the two rows of corn to the next two rows of corn. Now that cotton has been planted already in most places, it is possible to split each alternate two rows c pen with a middle burster and plant corn in them. The fertil? izer already put in for cotton will give the corn a splendid start. If the corn be dropped one and a half feet apart it will give 3,630 stalks to the acre, or about 36 bushels of corn to the acre if properly fertilised. The rows that remain in cotton will make more than a half crop, probably al out two-thirds. I sugges': one innovation on the Aldrich system?plant a 90 day velvet bean to each hill of corn. Tho beans will irive a hugh crop of most nutritious grain and improve the land better than any other legume. Mr. Aldrich says that he makes 1.000 pounds of seed cotton besides ? good crop of corn by this plan? fully as much cotton as his neighbors make who plant all cotton. I hope M r. Aldrich will follow this suggestion v ith an article fully ex paining his plan and his success with it. If this plan were put in operation on every acre of cotton planted In the South it ought to add nearly or quite a billion bushels of corn toj our production. I Mars Bluff. W. L. Walt I