The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, April 18, 1917, Image 1
imttoroii.
n MimBR Watchman, Estabu*hc<i Ai>m, ism.
"lie M and Ita not?tm a? the ends tboa Almat at be thy Oooacrj'm Thy God's aad Tiatara."
HOC TRUE 6O0TUK0N,
Oon*olldat*d Aug. 2,1861.
SUMTER, 8. 0., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18. 1917.
Vol XLIV. No. 18.
m mm nibs.
HO OMIXmON RAISED IN
?OCfUC lO EMERGENCY WAR
MSKMB.
of $3,0*0,000,000 for ADtc* In?
tel Yam Fund to Carry
' ? BUI to Rataa New Taxes
FVirmaamd Neat Week.
Washington. April 14.?Without a
itins voice the house, ami
aaaudtts of members and the gal
tejUaai late today passed the seven
?W&g*) dollar war revenue authort
kta. One member, Rep
I J^ondon of New York, the
la congress, voted
Owtng to general pairs and abeen
ocuy ttt votee were recorded
for the bin but both Democratic
Kttchtn and Republican
Mann announced that all
their members would hart voted af?
firmatively if they had been present
Formality of a roll call vould have
dispensed with If several mem
who voted against th? war rem
SfaUssi had not Insisted upon hav
the opportunity of recording
Ivos In favor of providing
to entry on hostilities now
that the nation la at war.
bill authorises $6 000,000,000
of which $3.000.000.00 will
hp loaned to entente countries, and
Issuance of treasury certificate?
lav $3.00S.OOO,000 ultimately to be
?aal by increased taxation
Passage of the meaaure never was
In doabt during the two days It waa
wads i cunsid?ratioa in the house and
mvorable act loa by an overwhelming
?ata la assured In the senate, where
at will be taken up Monday. It prob
?Mg wkl be signed by the president
hp the middle of next week.
. IJsarmouon in the house was con
ilpad chiefly, to proposed amend
?*. Five of these were added,
wore agreed to by the waya and
aaeaJM committee and none material
hs almagod lha Intent of the bill s
flags*ra. The two most Important
aanamtments. drafted by Representa?
tive .Leoroot of Wisconsin and ac
aatftgd by the committee, would con
aaa the proposed $3.000,000 allied
mfUs to countries at war with Ger
raaiy and permit loans only during
the war. Others would prohibit .sale
r.f Cnued states bonds at leas than
pur. permit purchase of foreign bonds
"at par" and limit the cost of dis?
posing of the $6,000,000,000 worth
bonds to one-tenth of 1 per cent, of
their total.
Rapresntatlve Fltsgerald of New
Tark, chairman of the appropriations
committee, made the proposal to cut
ttt half the cost of disposing of the
bonds, originally fixed at one-fifth of
1 per cent.
Mr. Kltohln, In charge of the meas?
ure. Med to offset the amendment by
Inserting a provision that the secre?
tary of the treasury should expend
one-fifth of 1 per cent, "oi as much
mm is necessary" but he failed.
A proposal by Representative Moors
of Pennsylvania to limit the life of
the bonos to SO yesrs, another by
Representative vJreen of Iowa to
create a congressional committee to
act with the secretary of the treasury
the president la disposing of the
and other > posed amend -
simitar to Mr. Green's were
Otsi w he I min tri y defeated. Democrats
aad Rspubl.cane alike declared they
were satisfied to leave the details to
Its* secretary and president.
Any doubts that may have been on
tertalned as to the popularity of the
proposed loan to the allies were swept
?way with the voting; down. 217 to 3.
of a proposal *ty Representative
Tuwnsr, made at the outset of the
session, to strike oit th* $' - -
feature, with a view to hav
lag It authorised later with s pro?
vision for congressional participation
ttt sdministering Mr. Towner was
*' aat opgossd to the loan but he drew
I the are of the bill's supporters quite
SO much as If be had been.
Represent a'Ivo Rainey Of Illinois,
ranking Democratic member of the
ways and rncana committee, aroused
the floor sad asllsrles to cheers by
fervently denouncing the proposal
and picturing France, a friend in
need of the United States, suffering
while congress quibbled over terms of
ths loan. Kspresentutlve Fltsgerald
I foHowed him with the declaration
that the question of maintaining
American rights and not the possi?
bility of the loan being returned was
the question that faced congress. Hop
^xeeentatlve Mann urged that this
aouatry could not help the allies with
sasfa aff*naVal-equlprnent now but that
It aanud help with money and that it
ShouM) do It
Chairman ( Simmons of the Lenste
fattlfsTi imxaajfttee wyi take the bill
BRITISH CAPTURE LEU.
IMPORTANT RAILROAD CISNTER
AND KEY OF GERMAN LINE.
British Patrols in Streets of City But
Germans Arc Making Dceporato Re
shtance In Outlying District to
Gain lime to Destroy Coal Mines
and Devastate the Country.
London. April 16.?Although Brit?
ish patrols have been In the streets
of Lens and the British are in the
outskits of St. Quentlne the fall of nei?
ther of these towns has been officially
announced. It la apparent that the
Germans are desperately resisting the
British advance to give the engineers
time in which to destroy the mines
around Lens.
The British announce the capture
of Vllleret, which straightens their
line northwest of St. Quentin. They
also announce additional progress
northwest of Lens.
The French announce that they
have penetrated the German aecond
lines in Alsace and found many Ger?
man dead. They have also made ad?
ditional galna aouth of the Olae river.
Artillery fire was heavy last night In
Alsace, Loralne. Campagne and Sols
sons, at Rheims and south of the
Olae.
The fighting on the western front
has asaumed almost the proportions
of a general engagement, from the
North Sea to Switzerland. Artillery
fire and raiding are becoming signifi?
cant, even along the line the Belgians
hold. Germany announces a British
and French loss of eleven airplanes
yesterday between Soisaona and Ver?
dun.
The Germans also announce that
the German fire prevented British at?
tacks on the northern bank of the
river Scarpe also northeast of Croi
selles. The report says the Germans
repulsed the British north of Arras
on the Combat road, taking four hun?
dred and seventy-five prisone s and
a number of guns. It says that
fighting developed this morning over
a wide sector.
QUART-A-MONTH OPINION.
Relates to Duties of Judges of Pro
hate.
Columbia. April 13.?Claud N.I
Sapp, assistant attorney general, has
rendered an opinion to C. R. Bell,
Judge of prdbate for Alken county, in
which certain duties of judges of pro
bato under the quart-a-month act are
outlined. The opinion follows.
"Your lettet of the 10th instant to
the Attorney General relative to
your duties In connection with the
enforcement of the quart-a-month act
has been handed me for attention.
"You ask to be advised as to wheth?
er or not under the terms of the act
you are required, when requested to
do so, to take the oath In connection
with the affidavit required to be filed
by persons making application to you
for permits to order liquor. You ask
further to he advised whether or not
the affidavit required to be filed In
person by the applicant.
"In reply thereto I beg to advise
that the affidavit required to be filed
may be made before any ofheer of the
State qualified to administer an oath,
but in the event the party desiring
the permit should request that you
take his affidavit, it Is your duty to
do so. You may, however, charge
and collect a fee of 25 cents for ad?
ministering tho oath.
"As to tho question whether the af?
fidavit should be filed in person by the
party doslring the permit, I am of the
opinion that it was the intention and
purpose of the legislature to require
parties making application for the
permit to apear in person before the
Judges of probate and file their af
i fldavlts, and that you should so rule.
! The act In this regard is not specific.
This point, however, could be deter?
mined by the court on the relation
of the parties aggrloved by this con
j struction."
Columbia. April 16.?The University
' of South Carolina will abandon all tn
tercolegiato athletics after Saturday
in order to give more time to the mil?
itary training class.
up with his committee Monday an '
since there is no opposition to it, ex
pects to report it to the senate at
once. Leader Martin expects to keep
It the unfinished business until pass?
ed. There will be no great opposition
on the floor, although thero may be
some debate.
j Consideration of the ways of pro
OOCiag to w taxea to meet In whole or
in part th?? treasury certificates fo
$2,ono,000.000 will begin In tho ways
and means committee next week.
President Wilson
pie to
He Bess Southern Far
Priced Cotton, But
Europe?To Miner,
cessity of Each Do1
Fanner Can Best Se
Stuffs?"Supreme T
dent Says.
ppeals to American Peo
o Their Bit/'
Not to Heed the Siren Call of High
Help Feed Nation and Nations of
' Railroad Man, He Points Out Ne
HisPart to Carry on Trade?The
His Country by Growing Food
of Democracy Has Come," Presi
Washington, April 15.?President
Wilson tonight in an address ti his
fellow countrymen called uponfevery
American citizen?man, womasl and
child?to join together to makl the
nation a unit for the preservatlm of
its ideals and f >r triumph of dimoc
racy in the world war.
"The supreme test of the natk 1 has
como," says the address. "We must
all speak, act and serve togethei
The president urges all the I eople
to concentrate their energies, prac?
tice economy, prove unselfishness and
demonstrate efficiency.
He appealed to the farmers with
emphasis on his words and particu?
larly to the farmers of the South, to
plant foodstuffs. The Southerifmrm
ers, he said, "can show their patriot?
ism in no better or more convincing
way than by resisting the great temp?
tation of the present p?dce of cotton
and helping to feed the nations and
the peoples everywhere fighting for
their liberties and our own."
The address follows:
"My Fellow Countrymen:
"The entrance of our own beloved
country into the grim and terrible
war for democracy and human rights
which has shaken the world creates
so many problems of national life and
action which call lor Immediate con?
sideration and settlement that I hope
you wilt permit me to address te* you
a few words of earnest counsel and
appeal with regard to them.
"We are rapidly putting our nnvy
upon an effective war footing and are
about to create and equip a great
army, but these are the simplest parts
for the great task to which we have
addressed ourselves. There is not a
single selfish element, so far as I can
see, in the cause we are fighting for.
We are fighting for what we believe
and wish to be the rights of mankind
and for the future peace and security
of the world. To do this great thing
worthily and successfully \vc must de?
vote ourselves to the service without
regard to profit or material advantage
and with an energy and Intelligence
that will rise to the level of the enter?
prise itself. We must realize to the
full how great the task is and how
many things, how many kinds and
elements of capacity and service and
self sacrifice It involves.
"These, then, are the things we
must do and do well, besides fighting
?the things without which mere
fighting would be fruitless:
"We must supply abundant food for
ourselves and for our armies and our
seamen, not only but also for a large
part of the nations with whom we
have now made common cause, in
whose support and by whose side we
shall be fighting.
"We must supply ships by the hun?
dreds out of our ship yards to carry
to the other side of ihe sea, subma?
rines or no submarines, what will
every day be neded there, and abund?
ant materials out of our fields and
our mines and our factories with
which not only to clothe and equip
our own forces on land and sea but
also to clothe and support our people
for whom the gallant fellows under
arms can no longer work; to help
clothe and equip the armies with
which we are cooperating in Europe
and to keep the looms and manufac?
tories there in raw material; coal to
keep the fires going In ships at sea
and in the furnaces of hundreds of
factories across the sea; steel out of
which to make arms and ammuni?
tion both here and there; rails for
worn out railways back of the fighting
fronts; locomotives and rolling stock
to lake the place of those every day
going to pieces; mules, horses, cattle,
for labor and for military service;
everything with which the people of
England and France and Italy and
Hussla have usually supplied them?
selves but can not now afford the
men, the materials or the machinery
to make.
' it is e\'dent to every thinking man
that our Industries, on the farms In
the ship yurds. in the mines, in five
factories, must be made more prolili^
and more efficient than ever, and Unat
they must be more economically man?
aged and better adapted to the partic?
ular requirements of our task than
they have been, and what I want to
say is that the men and the women
who devote their thought and their
energy to these things will he serving
the country and conducing the fight
for peace and freedom just as truly
dud just as effectively as the men on
the battlefield or in the trenches. The
industrial forces of the country, men
and women alike, will be great na?
tional, a great industrial service army
and noble and honored host engaged
in the service of the nation and the
world, the efficient friends and sa?
viors of free men everywhere. Thous?
ands, nay hundreds of thousands, of
men otherwise liable to military ser?
vice will of right and of necessity be
excused from that service and assign?
ed to the fundamental, sustaining
work of the fields and factories and
mines, and they will be as much part
of the great patriotic forces of the
nation as the men under fire.
"I take the liberty, therefore, of ad?
dressing these words to the farmers of
the country and to all who work on
the farms: The supreme need of our
own nation and of the nations with
which we are operating is an abun?
dance of supplies and especially of
foodstuffs. The importance of an ade?
quate food supply, especially for the
present year, is superlative. Without
abundant food, alike for the armies
j and the peoples now at war, the whole
gerat enterprise upon which we have
embarked will break down and fail.
The world's food reserves are low.
Not only during the present emergenc\
but for some time after peace shall
have come both our own people and
a large proportion of the people of
Europe must rely upon the harvests h.
America. Upon the farmers of this
country, therefore, in large measure
rests the fate of tho war ana the fate
of uhe nations. May the nation not
count upon them to omit no step that
will increase the production of their
land or* that will bring about the most
effectual cooperation in the sale and
distribution of their products. Th
time is short. It is of the most im?
perative importance that everything
possible be done and done immedi?
ately to make sure of large harvests.
I call upon young men and old alike
?*nd upon the ablebodled boys of the
land to accept and act upon this duty
?to turn In hosts to the farms and
make certain that no pains and no
labor is lacking in this great matter.
"I particularly appeal to the farm?
ers of the South to plant abundant
foodstuffs as well as cotton. They
can show their patriotism in no bet?
ter or more convincing way than by
resisting the great temptation of the
present price of cotton and helping,
helping upon a great scale, to fee
the nation and the peoples every?
where who are fighting for their lib?
erties and for our own. The variety
of their crops will be the visible meas?
ure of their comprehension of their
national duty.
"The government of the United
States and the governments of the
several States stand ready to cooper?
ate?they will do evrything possible
to assist farmers in securing an ade?
quate supply of seed, an adequate
force of laborers when they are most
needed, at harvest time, and the
means of expediting shipments of
fertilizers and farm machinery as well
as of the crops themselves when har?
vested. The course of trade shall b<
as unhampered as it is possible to
make it and there shall be no unwar?
ranted manipulation of the nation's
food supply by those who handle it
on its way to the consumer. This is
our opportunity to demonstrate the
efficiency of a great democracy and
wo shall not fall short of It
This let me say to the middlemen
of every sort whether they are hand?
ling our foodstuffs or our raw ma?
terials of manufacture or the prod?
ucts of our mills and factories: Tho
^yes of the country will be especial?
ly upon you. This to your opportun?
ity for Bignal service, efficient and
AUSTRIA DESIRES PEACE.
ATTEMPT TO DETACH RUSSIA
FROM T11E ENTENTE BAT?
TLE LINE.
Semi-official Statement Issued at Vi?
enna to Sound the Russian Pro?
visional Government on the Sub?
ject of a Separate Peace.
Paris, April 16.?A semi-official
statement has been issued at Vienna
declaring: that Austria-Hungary de?
sires peace w'th the Russian people
and that there is no real obstacle to
this aim, according to a Zurich dis?
patch. The dispatch says the state?
ment announces that the Austrian
government has taken note of the
declaration of the provisional Rus?
sian government that it desires no
acquisition of territory and wants a
durable peace founded on the rights
of the people to dispose of themselves.
-V
NORWAY HELPING GERMANY.
Many Submarines Built in Christianla
for German Government.
Boston, April 16.?German subma?
rines in large numbers have been
built in Norway, according to a let?
ter from C. O. Dahl, a Christianla ship
builder, to his nephew, Dr. Andrew
Christian, a physician of the Backbay
district. The letter adds that Ger?
many has not given orders for the
building of any submarines after May
1st, which is taken by Dahl to mean
either that Germany has plenty Ol
expects the war to end this summer.
disintersted. The country expecU
you as it expects all others, to fore?
go unusual profits, to organize and
expedite shipments of supplies of ev?
ery kind, but especially of food, with
an eye to the service you are ren?
dering and in the spirit of those who
enlist in the ranks, for their people,
I not for themselves. I shall confl
| dently expect you to deserve and win
the confidence of people of every sort
and station.
"To the men who run the railways
of the country! whether they be
managers or operative employes, let
me say that the railways are the
arteies of the nation's life and thai
upon them rests the immense re?
sponsibility of seeing to it that those
arteries suffer no obstruction of any
i kind, no inefficiency or slackened
power. To the merchant let me sug?
gest the motto 'small profits and
quick service' adn to the ship build?
er the thought that the life of the
war depends upon him. The food
and the war supplies must be car?
ried across the seas, no matter hov
many ships are sent to the bottom.
The places of those that go down
must be supplied and supplied at
once. To the miner let me say that
he stands where the farmer does?
the work of the world waits on him.
If he slackens or fails, armies and
statesmen are helpless. He also is
enlisted in the great service army.
The manufacturer does not need to
be told, I hope, that the nation looks
to him to speed and perfect every
process; and I want only to remind
his employes that their service is
absolutely indispensable, and is count?
ed on by every man who loves the
country and its liberties.
"Let me suggest also, that every one
who creates or cultivates a garden
helps, and helps greatly, to solve the]
problem of the feeding of the nations:
and that every housewife who prac?
tices strict economy puts herself in
the ranks of those who serve the na?
tion. This is the time for America to
correct her unpardonable fault of
wastefulness and extravagance. Let
every man and every woman assume
the duty of careful, provident use and
expenditure as public duty, as a dic?
tate of patriotism which no one now
can expect ever to be excused or for
j given for ignoring.
"In the hope that this statement of
the needs of the nation and of the
world in this hour of supreme crisis
may stimulate those to whom it oomes
ar d remind all who need reminders
of the solemn duties of a time such as
the world has never seen before. I!
beg that all editors and publishers
everywhere will give as prominent
I
publication and as wide circulation ;is
possible to this appeal. 1 venture to
siiKgest also to all advertising agencies
that they would perhaps render a very
I
substantial and timely service to the
country if they would give it wide- |
spread repetition. And T hope that
clergymen will not think the theme
of it an unworthy or inappropriate
subject of comment and homily from
their pulpits.
"The supreme test of the nation has
come. We must all speak, act and
serve together!
"Woodrow Wilson."
PROGRAM WINS MUCH PRAISE
IS BEST WHICH REDPATH CHAU?
TAUQUA HAS EVER PUT
OUT.
Has More Varied and Stronger Attrac?
tions Than Chautanquaa of Past
Years?Representative in City to
Start Program?Tickets May Be
Secured Now.
Wm. S. Wright, Redpath repre?
sentative, who will be in charge of
the advertising for Sumter's Redpath
Chautauqua, which opens here,
Thursday, arrived in our city Satur?
day night, and will remain until after
the opening day. Mr. Wright has
just visited thirty of the Southern
cities on this circuit, in Georgia, North
and South Carolina, Virginia, meeting
with the committees, who prounounce
this season's program the best ever
offered their cities. Mr. Wright is
personally acquainted with most of
the talent on this season's program,
having booked them for the past five
years in Michigan, and says that the
big program which opens in our city
Thursday is more varied, stronger and
better balanced than last year's, every
day a red letter day, moving up a
notch from the high mark set the
past two years by the Redpath. Sel?
dom has any community been given
the opportunity to hear such famous
musical artists and celebrated lectur?
ers as will appear on this big de luxe
program in 120 of the best and largest
cities from Jacksonville, Fla., to Chi?
cago.
Anticipating that the Chautauqua
patrons of this great circuit would ex?
pect attractions of more than ordi?
nary excellence this season, after the
past two years progress, which proved
such a big success, the Redpath built
up a program, new in its making and
the best that ever appeared on a
Chautauqua platform. Mr. Wright
states that the talent this season is
costing three hundred dollars, ($300)
more per town than last year. The
extra cost represents an additional ex?
penditure, not an advance in salary.
In spite of this the season tickets re?
main the same as last season.
Think of it, this wonderful program
coming to our city and by purchasing
a season ticket you not only get to
hear this great array of talent, for
twelve cents a number, but you help
your Y. M. C. A., which is making
the Chtauutaqua possible.
Tickets are selling fast. If you
have not secured yours do so at once,
as there is only an allotted number
?C the reduced price.
Suggestion Made as to Planting Crops.
I have noticed the many urgent ap?
peals that are, being made for the
farmers to plant food crops. The
difficulty is that these appeals have
come too late. Crops have already
been pitched and the farmers can't
do the work over to plant different
crops from those already planned.
Howeve-, I have a suggestion to
make Which will partially eliminate
some of the difficulties and give us
a large crop of corn without materi?
ally reducing the cotton crop. It is
this, adopt the Aldrich plan worked
out by A. P. Aldrich of Barnwell.
His plan la brief is this: Lay off the
land in four foot rows (the usual
width of cotton beds), plant two
rows in corn and two rows in cotton
alternately across the field. This
gives 12 feet on each side of
the two rows of corn to the next two
rows of corn. Now that cotton has
been planted already in most places,
it is possible to split each alternate
two rows c pen with a middle burster
and plant corn in them. The fertil?
izer already put in for cotton will
give the corn a splendid start. If
the corn be dropped one and a half
feet apart it will give 3,630 stalks
to the acre, or about 36 bushels of
corn to the acre if properly fertilised.
The rows that remain in cotton
will make more than a half crop,
probably al out two-thirds.
I sugges': one innovation on the
Aldrich system?plant a 90 day
velvet bean to each hill of corn. Tho
beans will irive a hugh crop of most
nutritious grain and improve the land
better than any other legume.
Mr. Aldrich says that he makes
1.000 pounds of seed cotton besides
? good crop of corn by this plan?
fully as much cotton as his neighbors
make who plant all cotton.
I hope M r. Aldrich will follow this
suggestion v ith an article fully ex
paining his plan and his success
with it.
If this plan were put in operation
on every acre of cotton planted In
the South it ought to add nearly or
quite a billion bushels of corn toj
our production. I
Mars Bluff. W. L. Walt I