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Gbt ooLiuijiium anil ^oaltroii 3 ? j .j SATURDAY, APRIL 16, I MO. The Sumu r WatCaUSAS wai found? ed In I860 und the True Southron in ItCC. The Watchman and Southron now has the combined circulation and Influence of both of the old papers, and 1? manifestly the best advertising Medium In Sumter. "Kill the Grade Bull." The value of a good dairy bull, wnlch Is used for from 6to H years In a herd of from 10 to 20 average dairy cows. may easily be $1,000 greater than that of a scrub or grade bull. It Is this fact, which has been demonstrated In numerous instances, ?hat gives force to the "battle cry" ?f those working for the develop? ment In the dairy interest of the South. "Um the Grade Bull." It K not unusual to find the differ betwe n the values of the but? ler produced by the best and the poorest eowa in a herd amount to from $50 to $75 In a single year, and the average cow frequently produces $25 more than the poorest. In fact, cows In the same herd, where feeding and care are the same, are so great that praeltloally all the profits are made by 50 per cent, of the cows. In view of these facts, the import? ance of a pure bred sire, from a fam? ily of large producers, can scarcely be over-estimated. Good care and Ultra 1 feeding are essential factors In Ihe Improvement of the dairy herds ent these combined will not do more than will a really first-lass sire In permanently Increasing the value of the herd.?Raleigh (N. C.) Progress? ive Farmer and Gazette. A BO IT FIFTY GOING. Picked Squad From High School Ca? dets to Go to Columbia. Superintendent Kdmundl h is r. eelved an Invitation from Prof. Hand to tend a delegation to the Inter High Sotalol State Athletic meet in Columbia on Saturday, May 7th. Mr. Edmunds has decided to take a team from the athletic association and a squad from the cadet corps. There will be about fifty in all to go. The following letter was received by Superintendent V. lmunds: **l am instructed by the committee ? harge of the Inter-High School State Athletic Meet to extend to you a cordial Invitation to bring to Colum? bia your high school cadets on Sat arday. May 7th, the day set for the athletic programme. **I do not know if we can arrange for a contest drill, hut we can arrange for an exhibition drill. Too. if It meets your approval, we should be glad to have your cadets act as marshals dur? ing the athletic exercises. ? We slneerely trust that you may be able to accept this Invitation. We shall be glad to seo your cadets, and the people of Columbia will be glad lo nee them. Hoping to hear favor? ably from you.I am. "Sincerely. "W. H. HAND." M r on tit. Typhoid Fly. Du,, t prst year the country has 'ein iTOOStd a. < never before to the dj l ,vr Of permitting the house l'.y to IM.1 US Ii eke l and to carry filth and AlStOSt throughout the lommu nltlea. Many cards of health ha taken Sf the rr.tt r. and much work ha* !???? n Asm la em p nas i/o the im? portance of this Insect aa a dl?**"*se bearer. "it is incone. i abW says Dr. L. o. Howard. Entomologist of the Depart? ment f AKrh ultur- . "that human be? ings should so long have viewed this In.-' t as a simple nuisance and th*>, pajbti ? had lift ren has bean due not ??n'\ t list general Ignorance of the Sange' but la the mm k of such kno*v? ?m'.' .hi I ' unpar iti ? pathy on the part oi boi rN of ?Ith as well as I th ai Ii I i re ? slon la general. The \? \ : i im< h ? isa Sy' suggests nothing harnr al. and It Ml proposed that :f hi I nil publications hi the future this In-1 ae? t as knows SI th?- typhoid fly, t#?*| aa the in tnur.- tlv. aves Ihe average Individual will without trouble B*? no tone Idea of Its ol \*?tlonable qunll-l tie.* "Although the full lift history and nit lads concerning the bouse iiy ra\<- b?s? displayed in pfOVlOUf vewi It pui.ih ittoss ol th. B?rens of Rn? tom<dogy. beginning ? Ith tho early nimm r of linn, an effort was madi to : tir?i certain fneti eonnocted Wr?B the - ? i?nal nl indane,- of the hattet, wltb the Idea ?>f comparing at the close ol t?e- nrason the cur\e of the house fly Increase an I de "reuses with the curve of typhoid isuftnstt and decreases. In the hope ..r emphasising in thh way the part played by the hon??,? |1y In the i ifrtSgt Of typhoid, I Which 1? be. oming more and RiOft St I tept'-d i ta under city conditions, II I sttms certain that many otherwlat In explhable run of t'.ph dl. and tV< I of epldeni i s of typhoid, art ( stlrel 1 or largely to St Inld Is the carriage of the g*?rm I y this fly." l'|\e bh y? list h.iM? tOtl made to pay a dollar each for riding on side? walks of clayed streets. Farmers' Union News ?AND ? Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers (Co i id lie l etl by K. \Y. Pnbbs, President Farmers' Union of Suniler County.) The Watchman and Southron having decided to double Its service by semi-weekly publication, would Improve that service by special features. The first to be Inaugurated is this Department for the Farmers' Union and Practical Farmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will be my aim to give the Union news and official calls of the Union. To that end officers, and members of the Union are requested to use these columns. Also to publish such clippings from the agricultural papers and Govern? ment Bulletins as I think will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori? ginal articles by any of o**r readers telling of their successes or failures will be appreciated and ) ublished. Trusting this Departme.it will be of mutual benefit to all concerned, THE EDITOR. All communications for tl Is Department should be sent to E. W Dabbs. Mayesville. S. C. Some Kamloin Thought*. We ask the attention of our farm? ers this week to the clipping about hogs and Hogs vs Cotton. With butts selling at 13 cents wholesale and cash, and hams at 19 to 20 cents, until the demand is supplied there will be more money in hogs than in cotton, even wit'i eotton at 15 cents. And this is the best way for farmers to resolve to keep the price of cotton at 15 cents. If the cotton growers of the S.?nth were also growing not the bacon and lard to feed the South, but merely enough to feed the dwellers on the farms, this crop of cotton Would now be selling for 18 or 20 conts per pound, and Instead of a ' boar and bull" fight around 14 and 15 cents the "bears" would be trying to force the price below 18 cents. And the mills would be running short time to help, while the "bulls" would be trying to force the price to 20 04 nts. Now. Mr. Farmer, you may dismiss t!' > remarks with a sneer, but If you and your neighbor, v. hit h means every grower of cotton, had full smokehouses and corn trios you would see the above picture a living realty. What are you going to do about it? Continue to grow cotton for the other fellow to lix the priee and spend the priee of one to one and a quarter pounds of cotton to buy one pound of meat? Or will you see to it that you grow enough meat to feed your force, all on your place, and have some fancy hams and breakfast strips to sell to the "plutorerat" who Is able to put home grown hams on his table; and incldently take into your hands the fixing of the prices of cotton? You will never do it in any other way. mark my word. E. Wr. D. COTTON OB Hooa Some Cases in Which It Will Cay l*e.-f" tor to Cut The Land Into Grazing Crops for Hogs Than Into Cotton. i have i"- acres to plant in cotton. Could i plant this 15 acres in any? thing in the way of feedstuff, especi? ally for hogs, that would be more I r A table? llae a good many hogs. Live in eastern Vex a... G. B, S. editorial Answer??T.\is la a ques ii n whi? h pres. r.ts itself to every cotton tanner who Is advised to tii vcrslf) his e:op:, or to grow live ?took, in the answer, most of our farmers have persistency refused to ? onsi .er tin- ? !T??? t of th s year's crop on the productive capacity of the i nd for next year, As a result the nsi er Is torn rally In favor of cot '"ii, ;' 't. we believe, unfsJrly so, ex? ? ;-t on the very best cotton lands. ii the 1ft-acre Del I referred to will u'-o. one-half bale of ooiton p.-r sere, or " 7,*o poun s, at 12 cents a pound, md 9-4 tons of peed at $:-0 a ton, ? have a gr .ss valve of^t! e cotton ? r p of IMS.oA, or | T.'O an acre, To equal this, the land must pro? ds ? ' il 1 pounds of 1 o s\ at * ? ntn ? pound, or i?; i n, unds p, r H ? ri If two trope of hog feed be trown, and the hogs made to harvest the ii, it is not ;>t sll beyond the rang* of pro) ability timt ho s wl I pay ns we 1 ; ft cotton on s:ch land, but If this bin i v ill grow ii !,,it,. of l otto,; i ? r a< re and it w in >i for i 2 ccnl ;| i.'"!? we have no hesitation in ^tiii:.w thai the cotton will pay bet* I ter. The average east Texas land ' will no| produce over iefl pounds of ! lint i otton i" r acre, and on such Ian i sre believe hogs will pay better than j * i iton, w ?? do n .t nd .!?? hoi i in i plaee >>f eotton, bui are believe In iioc and ? otton h otton on lands that a hi produi ? 1 of n bale and ? lt< r. an?l hogs on average lands, or ! those thai produce let ? than n half ti.it?' per of< ; in order thai those Ian ' : may l?e made i<? pro.lie ?? Itottt ? i 'i n nd betti r corn, and bIho for the purpose of maintaining the bot? *? r ? ?tton lands up to th< lr prt en( high state of productivity, Land* tli t are p it in crops for hogs to gather, this year, will produce from If to |#| pounds more lint cotton next year, than they arlll If planted to cotton this year, and on any fair basis of calculation or in any rational system of farming, the hogs must be credited witjh the increase soil fer? tility . To fail to give the hogs credit for this improvement of the soil may lead to the conclusion that cotton will pay better. This has been the usual basis of calculation, but it. is manifestly unfair to the hogs and the land and has resulted in our lands decreasing in fertility and abil? ity to produce cotton profitably. If we estimate the average in? creased production of cotton as a re? sult of growing hogs, at 75 pounds of lint per acre, then with cotton at IS cent! and live hogs at 8 cents a pound, and deducting the value of this from the value of the pounds of hogs which the land must produce this year to be equal to one-half bale of cotton per acre, we find that 357 pounds of live hogs will be as valu? able a crop per acre this year as one half a bale of cotton. Will an acre produce 3 57 pounds of pork or hogs per acre? We find that the Arkansas and Alabama Sta? tions have done better than this with peanuts. The Mississippi Experiment Station has beaten it with cowpeas. Prof, Duggar. at the Alabama Ex? periment Station, produced hogs, live Weight, at the rate of 611 pounds per acre from peanuts, and when supple? mented with 37.8 bushels of corn, at the rate of 1.4 2*? pounds per acre of peanuts. On cowpeas and corn, after deducting the cost of corn, he produced 3 55 pounds of hogs, live weight, per acre; and with rape, 413 pounds of growth in hogs was pro? duced from one acre. From these few tests it will be seen that hogs at 8 cents a pound will be found as profitable as cotton at 12 cents a pound, on land that produces, say one-half bale of cotton per acre. If we consider the possi? bility of producing two crops of some hot^ feeds per acre and the improve? ment which will result to the land, the advantage is certainly wit;h the h' >k/s. In this discussion we have not taken Into consideration the cost of pr ?duclng the crops; for this is too lnd< .rat" for calculation. Some m< n will produce a cotton crop for little more than half what it costs others, If we count the cost of rais? ing 1 ? ; i*r.-' and the gorwlng of th< :\ eel 11 ps for them, Including the ne< esaar) fencing, the cost of produc? inu feed crops for hogs will b? about equal to the average cost of produc? ing cotton and gathering it.'" PRACTICAL 1Mb TALK. lbn\ to I ced and ( arc for The Swine ?? a- to Make Moue\ I'rovc Thorn? Tin- Way it Is l>onc on Sunny Home I a t in. I heard a fellow say a few ?U>> I ago that his merchanl was selling ! \\Y item fal meal by ) al inc<?that Is. t he would place a silver dollar on one I pan of tin balance scab and cut :? 1 piece of fal ?back t i ba lance it. it isn't unit.- as bad as that yet, but the thine; is getting worse every day, and it Is time, brethren and friends, that we get to pro luclng meal of some consequneco in the South, it Is mighty easy to figure how we can red afford to grow any i side-line crop-; but concentrate on 1 specialty. However, I have no? ticed that the farmer who has money in bis "brltctu s" keeps it there, the majority of times, by growing what he eats. This pig proposition is easy, ll<e anything else, when we know how. It amounts to nboui this: Have well bred foundation snlmalu thai have been bred for generations with one purpose In \ ' w, > Is., ph< ap ne at of good quality, lla^ o large, hue. roomy sows nnd br 1 ih< n to a somewhni shorl r I r Hake these sows produce two litters per "ear ia our section, nnd thus they will pro? duce mop - pigs nl less cost per head, ns it will cost only a litt'e more ner year ?< feed a sow that produces eighteen pigs thnl it will lo feed the same sow when she Is producing only nine. The fall pigs will need somt shipstuff, a lot of rye, some crimson clover, what cowpea hay they will eat, and a light feed of corn once per day. Don't put them In a pen during the winter, or any other time; no more sense in penning a pig than a lamb In the South. We grow more than 100 pigs per year on Sunny Home Farm and haven't a pig pen om the place. These winter pigs will he good long, stretchy fellows by the time the clover is right to turn on in the spring, and we think their ration should he made up very largely dur? ing the summer of clover, peas, grass and ear corn. People talk that we musn't feed hogs on corn in the South. I would just like to know why? And will some one kindly tell us what class of animals we can feed corn to that pay a better price for the corn than will good thrifty shoats that are grazing on clover and that, when fat, bring $10 per hundred, gross. Some time I am going to take the time to tell The Progressive Farmer and Ga? zette readers about a field of corn that fed about $700 worth of hogs in the fall, ten brood sows all fall and winter, six horses from August 15, 1909, to June 1, 1910, and thirty shoats from December 15, 1909, to June 1, 1910, besides giving sixty spring lambs what they wanted, and thirty or forty chickens what they were a mind to steal from the hogs. The crop cost $288, including inter? est on the land at $60 per acre, and the fodder produced would far more than pay for the entire cost of the crop. How many bushels? The Lord only knows, but it is surely great stuff to feed hogs on when they are running on grass and clover. Use coal oil as a spray to keep the hogs free of lice. Give plenty of ashes at all times; buy a load of coal slack and haul into the main hog pasture. Provide plenty of water and have it good, and provide sheds to protect the animals from the sun and bad storms. Castrate the boar pigs early and the operation will in? jure them very little. Use a disinfec? tant when performing this operation and pay no attention to the moon or any other sign. Sow peas everywhere, not only for the pigs' sake, but for the land's sake as well. Kill buzzards and stray dogs that you find loafing around your farm; and if you feed the pigs as I have told you, keeping them out-of-doors and on some sort of pasture all the time, you will not be troubled with cholera or any oth? er disease. Take care of the pigs when they come; every one crushed means $15 out of pocket this fall. Lice on Hogs. I have a gilt 5 1-2 months old that has been isolated from the other hogs since six weeks old. Some two months ago I noticed lice on her and have not been able to destry them. Have used "Pheno-Chlora," one tea spoonful to half gallon water; and lamp oil diluted, neither seems to do any good. Will you please give me a remedy. M. A .W. . .Editorial Answer?As we have stated before, any man who keeps half a dozen or more hogs will prob? ably And it profitable to arrange a dipping vat for quickly applying ma? terials to the hogs to free them of Hoe and other skin parasites. For one or two hogs, applications may be made by hand. For this pur? pose we have never used anything better than one part of kerosine to two parts of some heavy non-irri? tating oil?crude cottonseed oil is good. Kerosine oll undiluted will certainly kill lice, and the failure of our correspondent must have ben due to failure to apply to all part. of the hog, or to neglect to disinfect the sleeping quarters. We do not like undiluted kerosine because it burns the skin some, causes it to i peel off and gives the hog a rough appearance. As one application may n--t destroy the eggs, a second appli? cation should be made in a week or ten days and the sleeping quarters thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, or given a coat of the ke rosine oil." WM L II WE IUFLE RANKE. Contract Signed l or Five Year's Lcnso Lit ut. Col. Jno. K. Lindsay, of the i First South Carolina Infantry, Nation? al Guard, ami disi.ursin.'.,' officer for the United State government in this State was here Wdnesday ami signed [a five year's lease for a tract of land ! two and a half miles from tow n be? longing to Mr. Singleton Hradforl. The range Is to be used by Company L Ihe Sumter Light Infantry. The grounds will he fitted up at once and everything made ready for the tar-jot i !- i< tIce of tin- <'ompany. \ swarm of bees has been giving amusement t.> some boys for a day or tv o on West Lll? rty i tr< i t. Tin y pitched in a small i Im, and have been waiting since to be given a home, One fanner near town several days ago had a swarm to take up it - abode In his- house, between the weather boarding anl celling. Tlcy entered through a kno| hole In the side of the house. i UXTIOUMIXATI: CATTLE TICK. Secretary Wilson Writes Interesting Letter on Subject. Washington, April 13.?Secretary Wilson, of the Departmi nt of Agri? culture, ha.s just written a strong leih r to Congressman Floyd, of Ar? . usus, t>n the subjei t of exterminat? ing the much dreaded eattle tick that i:: worthy of serious consideration, in v\ hit h he says: "1 have just received a communica? tion from Dr. Cooper Curtice, veterin? ary inspector of the bureau of animal industry of this department, setting forth certain opinions respecting the burning of forests and ranges to de? stroy ticks which infest cattle and transmit disease, in which the depart? ment fully concurs. Dr. Curtice has had many years experience with the department, is one of the original in? vestigators of the fever tick and has probably had more experience in this line of work than any other scientist. He has recently made a tour through Northern Arkansas and investigated the conditions which exist in that lo? cality, and his observations are there? fore quite pertinent to the question of conflict in the policies of the bu? reau of animal industry and the forest service. "The observations of Dr. Curtice are, in effect as follows: 'It is true that at certain times of the year burn? ing the grass on an enclosed field may remove the ticks wherever the fire travel?, but even then many places remain unburned and the owner de i pends on the fire for eradication and consequently fails. At meetings of cattle men and others I have been speaking against the practice of burn? ing over the forest ground and have held that no work would be saved in the process of eradication, because the cattle should necessarily be treated according to some one of the methods already specified by this department in order to secure perfect results. It is necessary to remember in this con? nection that there are many unburned places, especially around the dwell? ings, barns and other places, where cattle lie. " 'Whenever the grass is repeatedly bu/ned, the roots become eventually destroyed, the sweeter grasses give way to the more resistant and finally the latter perish. Not only does fire destroy the scanty sod, but in remov? ing the leaves as a protective covering the hot sun of summer is permitted to dry thft soil to a crust and continues ' the devastation. The best grass I saw was in a place where the young gowth was at least three years old. In so far as tick eradication is con? cerned, it seems to me an injustice that the necessities of the work should be quoted as being opposed to the needs of the forest service. Fir? ing the leaves has not eradicated ticks, although followed for years. In? stead of being beneficial in the forest it has killed out the grasses and even the new growth of trees, which so of t< n furnish In spring the only source of nourishment?the buds?upon which the eattle may browse while the scanty herbage grows. " I have steadily advised that pas? tures, meadows and growing corps be provided upon which the cattle could 1 e held and fed the year around, and thus the need for using the range be obviated and the farmers, by securing control of the feeding and breeding factors, be able to raise better cattle for the markets. Under present con? ditions the mountain farmers are sav? ing no manure, are making small crops and are raising a very poor quality of cattle and hogs. By attend? ing to better cultivation, diversified crops and feeding stock on the farm, and abandoning the prejudicial burn? ing of the woods and range, they can raise a very high quality of live stock and acquire a better money crop than I they have heretofore held.' " Mary Sanders, who was arrested in Charlotte after skipping her bond, has been brought back by her bondsman, H. T. Edens and delivered to the jail? er. Mary is wanted for grand larceny. Mr.4 J. K. Scott, a Sumter boy at? tending Davidson college, has been selected as one of those to enter the contest for the declaimer's medal. The preliminary contest at which three were selected was held on Saturday night. Mr. Scott's subject was the Unknown Speaker. The other two selected were from South Caro? lina. Very few smokers, comparatively, who have a fodness for the real American pipe--the corncob-are aware of the land that acres upon acres ef land in Ohio, Illinois, Missouri and Nebraska are devoted exclusively to the production of cobs suitable for fashioning into pipe bowls. The grain produced here is, of course, market? ed, but the cob on which this grain grows is the real harvest, and is cut carefully into proper lengths, smooth? ed, and polished. The most expensive article on the market in the way of corncob pipes is a nest of six bowls, with an amber mouthpiece mounted In silver, which may be obtained for the slight lay out of about $7.50. I Corncob pipes now go to every country I in the.worldd where smoking is a practice. They are especially in favor in Australia and New Zealand, where they are regarded as characteristicallj American in suggesting the idea o Yankee ingenuity. With Englishmen, probably the greatest pipesmoking people on the globe, it is different, however, for the briar pip ranks highest in their estimation. EGGS FOR RIATC1IING?-Single comb Rhode Island Reds, best lay? ers in the world. $1.00 for setting of 15 eggs. M. L. Moore, D&lzell, S. C. 4-8-6t. W. 2t. O'Donnell 6 Co. THE_ POPULAR SI ORE OF SUM TER. TO ALL OUR FRIENDS : When you are in to buy for the Spring and Summer, remem? ber that this big store, where each depart? ment is really a store in itself, can offer you values that are well worth your time to see. Buying as large as we do and paying the hard down cash for them as we do, makes the manufacturer anxious to sell us and sell us at the very lowest price. They know they don't have to wait for their money. We are Headquarters for DRY GOODS of Every Description Shoes for Man, Woman or Child. Clothing for Man or Boy. Groceries for the Whole Family. O'Donnell 6 Co.