The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, April 16, 1910, Image 4
Gbt ooLiuijiium anil ^oaltroii
3 ? j .j
SATURDAY, APRIL 16, I MO.
The Sumu r WatCaUSAS wai found?
ed In I860 und the True Southron in
ItCC. The Watchman and Southron
now has the combined circulation and
Influence of both of the old papers,
and 1? manifestly the best advertising
Medium In Sumter.
"Kill the Grade Bull."
The value of a good dairy bull,
wnlch Is used for from 6to H years
In a herd of from 10 to 20 average
dairy cows. may easily be $1,000
greater than that of a scrub or grade
bull. It Is this fact, which has been
demonstrated In numerous instances,
?hat gives force to the "battle cry"
?f those working for the develop?
ment In the dairy interest of the
South. "Um the Grade Bull."
It K not unusual to find the differ
betwe n the values of the but?
ler produced by the best and the
poorest eowa in a herd amount to
from $50 to $75 In a single year, and
the average cow frequently produces
$25 more than the poorest. In fact,
cows In the same herd, where feeding
and care are the same, are so great
that praeltloally all the profits are
made by 50 per cent, of the cows.
In view of these facts, the import?
ance of a pure bred sire, from a fam?
ily of large producers, can scarcely
be over-estimated. Good care and
Ultra 1 feeding are essential factors In
Ihe Improvement of the dairy herds
ent these combined will not do more
than will a really first-lass sire In
permanently Increasing the value of
the herd.?Raleigh (N. C.) Progress?
ive Farmer and Gazette.
A BO IT FIFTY GOING.
Picked Squad From High School Ca?
dets to Go to Columbia.
Superintendent Kdmundl h is r.
eelved an Invitation from Prof. Hand
to tend a delegation to the Inter
High Sotalol State Athletic meet in
Columbia on Saturday, May 7th. Mr.
Edmunds has decided to take a team
from the athletic association and a
squad from the cadet corps. There
will be about fifty in all to go.
The following letter was received
by Superintendent V. lmunds:
**l am instructed by the committee
? harge of the Inter-High School
State Athletic Meet to extend to you
a cordial Invitation to bring to Colum?
bia your high school cadets on Sat
arday. May 7th, the day set for the
athletic programme.
**I do not know if we can arrange
for a contest drill, hut we can arrange
for an exhibition drill. Too. if It meets
your approval, we should be glad to
have your cadets act as marshals dur?
ing the athletic exercises.
? We slneerely trust that you may
be able to accept this Invitation. We
shall be glad to seo your cadets, and
the people of Columbia will be glad
lo nee them. Hoping to hear favor?
ably from you.I am.
"Sincerely.
"W. H. HAND."
M r on tit. Typhoid Fly.
Du,, t prst year the country
has 'ein iTOOStd a. < never before to
the dj l ,vr Of permitting the house l'.y
to IM.1 US Ii eke l and to carry filth
and AlStOSt throughout the lommu
nltlea. Many cards of health ha
taken Sf the rr.tt r. and much work
ha* !???? n Asm la em p nas i/o the im?
portance of this Insect aa a dl?**"*se
bearer.
"it is incone. i abW says Dr. L. o.
Howard. Entomologist of the Depart?
ment f AKrh ultur- . "that human be?
ings should so long have viewed this
In.-' t as a simple nuisance and th*>,
pajbti ? had lift ren has bean due not
??n'\ t list general Ignorance of the
Sange' but la the mm k of such kno*v?
?m'.' .hi I ' unpar iti ? pathy on the
part oi boi rN of ?Ith as well as I
th ai Ii I i re ? slon la general. The
\? \ : i im< h ? isa Sy' suggests nothing
harnr al. and It Ml proposed that :f hi I
nil publications hi the future this In-1
ae? t as knows SI th?- typhoid fly, t#?*|
aa the in tnur.- tlv. aves Ihe average
Individual will without trouble B*? no
tone Idea of Its ol \*?tlonable qunll-l
tie.*
"Although the full lift history and
nit lads concerning the bouse iiy
ra\<- b?s? displayed in pfOVlOUf vewi
It pui.ih ittoss ol th. B?rens of Rn?
tom<dogy. beginning ? Ith tho early
nimm r of linn, an effort was madi
to : tir?i certain fneti eonnocted Wr?B
the - ? i?nal nl indane,- of the hattet,
wltb the Idea ?>f comparing at the
close ol t?e- nrason the cur\e of the
house fly Increase an I de "reuses with
the curve of typhoid isuftnstt and
decreases. In the hope ..r emphasising
in thh way the part played by the
hon??,? |1y In the i ifrtSgt Of typhoid,
I Which 1? be. oming more and RiOft St
I tept'-d i ta under city conditions, II
I sttms certain that many otherwlat In
explhable run of t'.ph dl. and tV< I
of epldeni i s of typhoid, art ( stlrel 1
or largely to St Inld Is the carriage
of the g*?rm I y this fly."
l'|\e bh y? list h.iM? tOtl made to
pay a dollar each for riding on side?
walks of clayed streets.
Farmers' Union News
?AND ?
Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers
(Co i id lie l etl by K. \Y. Pnbbs, President Farmers' Union of Suniler
County.)
The Watchman and Southron having decided to double Its service by
semi-weekly publication, would Improve that service by special features.
The first to be Inaugurated is this Department for the Farmers' Union and
Practical Farmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will be my
aim to give the Union news and official calls of the Union. To that end
officers, and members of the Union are requested to use these columns.
Also to publish such clippings from the agricultural papers and Govern?
ment Bulletins as I think will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori?
ginal articles by any of o**r readers telling of their successes or failures
will be appreciated and ) ublished.
Trusting this Departme.it will be of mutual benefit to all concerned,
THE EDITOR.
All communications for tl Is Department should be sent to E. W Dabbs.
Mayesville. S. C.
Some Kamloin Thought*.
We ask the attention of our farm?
ers this week to the clipping about
hogs and Hogs vs Cotton. With butts
selling at 13 cents wholesale and cash,
and hams at 19 to 20 cents, until the
demand is supplied there will be more
money in hogs than in cotton, even
wit'i eotton at 15 cents. And this is
the best way for farmers to resolve
to keep the price of cotton at 15
cents. If the cotton growers of the
S.?nth were also growing not the
bacon and lard to feed the South, but
merely enough to feed the dwellers
on the farms, this crop of cotton
Would now be selling for 18 or 20
conts per pound, and Instead of a
' boar and bull" fight around 14 and
15 cents the "bears" would be trying
to force the price below 18 cents.
And the mills would be running short
time to help, while the "bulls" would
be trying to force the price to 20
04 nts.
Now. Mr. Farmer, you may dismiss
t!' > remarks with a sneer, but If
you and your neighbor, v. hit h means
every grower of cotton, had full
smokehouses and corn trios you
would see the above picture a living
realty. What are you going to do
about it? Continue to grow cotton
for the other fellow to lix the priee
and spend the priee of one to one and
a quarter pounds of cotton to buy one
pound of meat? Or will you see to it
that you grow enough meat to feed
your force, all on your place, and
have some fancy hams and breakfast
strips to sell to the "plutorerat" who
Is able to put home grown hams on
his table; and incldently take into
your hands the fixing of the prices of
cotton? You will never do it in any
other way. mark my word.
E. Wr. D.
COTTON OB Hooa
Some Cases in Which It Will Cay l*e.-f"
tor to Cut The Land Into Grazing
Crops for Hogs Than Into Cotton.
i have i"- acres to plant in cotton.
Could i plant this 15 acres in any?
thing in the way of feedstuff, especi?
ally for hogs, that would be more
I r A table? llae a good many hogs.
Live in eastern Vex a... G. B, S.
editorial Answer??T.\is la a ques
ii n whi? h pres. r.ts itself to every
cotton tanner who Is advised to tii
vcrslf) his e:op:, or to grow live
?took, in the answer, most of our
farmers have persistency refused to
? onsi .er tin- ? !T??? t of th s year's crop
on the productive capacity of the
i nd for next year, As a result the
nsi er Is torn rally In favor of cot
'"ii, ;' 't. we believe, unfsJrly so, ex?
? ;-t on the very best cotton lands.
ii the 1ft-acre Del I referred to will
u'-o. one-half bale of ooiton p.-r sere,
or " 7,*o poun s, at 12 cents a pound,
md 9-4 tons of peed at $:-0 a ton,
? have a gr .ss valve of^t! e cotton
? r p of IMS.oA, or | T.'O an acre,
To equal this, the land must pro?
ds ? ' il 1 pounds of 1 o s\ at
* ? ntn ? pound, or i?; i n, unds p, r
H ? ri If two trope of hog feed be
trown, and the hogs made to harvest
the ii, it is not ;>t sll beyond the rang*
of pro) ability timt ho s wl I pay ns
we 1 ; ft cotton on s:ch land, but If
this bin i v ill grow ii !,,it,. of l otto,;
i ? r a< re and it w in >i for i 2 ccnl
;| i.'"!? we have no hesitation in
^tiii:.w thai the cotton will pay bet*
I ter. The average east Texas land
' will no| produce over iefl pounds of
! lint i otton i" r acre, and on such Ian i
sre believe hogs will pay better than
j * i iton, w ?? do n .t nd .!?? hoi i in
i plaee >>f eotton, bui are believe In
iioc and ? otton h otton on lands
that a hi produi ? 1 of n bale and
? lt< r. an?l hogs on average lands, or
! those thai produce let ? than n half
ti.it?' per of< ; in order thai those
Ian ' : may l?e made i<? pro.lie ?? Itottt
? i 'i n nd betti r corn, and bIho for
the purpose of maintaining the bot?
*? r ? ?tton lands up to th< lr prt en(
high state of productivity, Land*
tli t are p it in crops for hogs to
gather, this year, will produce from
If to |#| pounds more lint cotton
next year, than they arlll If planted to
cotton this year, and on any fair
basis of calculation or in any rational
system of farming, the hogs must be
credited witjh the increase soil fer?
tility . To fail to give the hogs credit
for this improvement of the soil may
lead to the conclusion that cotton
will pay better. This has been the
usual basis of calculation, but it. is
manifestly unfair to the hogs and
the land and has resulted in our
lands decreasing in fertility and abil?
ity to produce cotton profitably.
If we estimate the average in?
creased production of cotton as a re?
sult of growing hogs, at 75 pounds
of lint per acre, then with cotton at
IS cent! and live hogs at 8 cents a
pound, and deducting the value of
this from the value of the pounds of
hogs which the land must produce
this year to be equal to one-half bale
of cotton per acre, we find that 357
pounds of live hogs will be as valu?
able a crop per acre this year as one
half a bale of cotton.
Will an acre produce 3 57 pounds
of pork or hogs per acre? We find
that the Arkansas and Alabama Sta?
tions have done better than this with
peanuts. The Mississippi Experiment
Station has beaten it with cowpeas.
Prof, Duggar. at the Alabama Ex?
periment Station, produced hogs, live
Weight, at the rate of 611 pounds per
acre from peanuts, and when supple?
mented with 37.8 bushels of corn,
at the rate of 1.4 2*? pounds per acre
of peanuts. On cowpeas and corn,
after deducting the cost of corn, he
produced 3 55 pounds of hogs, live
weight, per acre; and with rape, 413
pounds of growth in hogs was pro?
duced from one acre.
From these few tests it will be
seen that hogs at 8 cents a pound
will be found as profitable as cotton
at 12 cents a pound, on land that
produces, say one-half bale of cotton
per acre. If we consider the possi?
bility of producing two crops of some
hot^ feeds per acre and the improve?
ment which will result to the land,
the advantage is certainly wit;h the
h' >k/s.
In this discussion we have not
taken Into consideration the cost of
pr ?duclng the crops; for this is too
lnd< .rat" for calculation. Some
m< n will produce a cotton crop for
little more than half what it costs
others, If we count the cost of rais?
ing 1 ? ; i*r.-' and the gorwlng of th<
:\ eel 11 ps for them, Including the
ne< esaar) fencing, the cost of produc?
inu feed crops for hogs will b? about
equal to the average cost of produc?
ing cotton and gathering it.'"
PRACTICAL 1Mb TALK.
lbn\ to I ced and ( arc for The Swine
?? a- to Make Moue\ I'rovc Thorn?
Tin- Way it Is l>onc on Sunny Home
I a t in.
I heard a fellow say a few ?U>>
I ago that his merchanl was selling
! \\Y item fal meal by ) al inc<?that Is.
t he would place a silver dollar on one
I pan of tin balance scab and cut :?
1 piece of fal ?back t i ba lance it.
it isn't unit.- as bad as that yet,
but the thine; is getting worse every
day, and it Is time, brethren and
friends, that we get to pro luclng
meal of some consequneco in the
South, it Is mighty easy to figure
how we can red afford to grow any
i side-line crop-; but concentrate on
1 specialty. However, I have no?
ticed that the farmer who has money
in bis "brltctu s" keeps it there, the
majority of times, by growing what
he eats.
This pig proposition is easy, ll<e
anything else, when we know how.
It amounts to nboui this: Have well
bred foundation snlmalu thai have
been bred for generations with one
purpose In \ ' w, > Is., ph< ap ne at of
good quality, lla^ o large, hue.
roomy sows nnd br 1 ih< n to a
somewhni shorl r I r Hake these
sows produce two litters per "ear ia
our section, nnd thus they will pro?
duce mop - pigs nl less cost per head,
ns it will cost only a litt'e more ner
year ?< feed a sow that produces
eighteen pigs thnl it will lo feed the
same sow when she Is producing only
nine. The fall pigs will need somt
shipstuff, a lot of rye, some crimson
clover, what cowpea hay they will
eat, and a light feed of corn once per
day. Don't put them In a pen during
the winter, or any other time; no
more sense in penning a pig than a
lamb In the South. We grow more
than 100 pigs per year on Sunny
Home Farm and haven't a pig pen
om the place. These winter pigs will
he good long, stretchy fellows by the
time the clover is right to turn on in
the spring, and we think their ration
should he made up very largely dur?
ing the summer of clover, peas, grass
and ear corn.
People talk that we musn't feed
hogs on corn in the South. I would
just like to know why? And will
some one kindly tell us what class of
animals we can feed corn to that
pay a better price for the corn than
will good thrifty shoats that are
grazing on clover and that, when fat,
bring $10 per hundred, gross. Some
time I am going to take the time to
tell The Progressive Farmer and Ga?
zette readers about a field of corn
that fed about $700 worth of hogs in
the fall, ten brood sows all fall and
winter, six horses from August 15,
1909, to June 1, 1910, and thirty
shoats from December 15, 1909, to
June 1, 1910, besides giving sixty
spring lambs what they wanted, and
thirty or forty chickens what they
were a mind to steal from the hogs.
The crop cost $288, including inter?
est on the land at $60 per acre, and
the fodder produced would far more
than pay for the entire cost of the
crop. How many bushels? The
Lord only knows, but it is surely
great stuff to feed hogs on when they
are running on grass and clover.
Use coal oil as a spray to keep
the hogs free of lice. Give plenty of
ashes at all times; buy a load of coal
slack and haul into the main hog
pasture. Provide plenty of water
and have it good, and provide sheds
to protect the animals from the sun
and bad storms. Castrate the boar
pigs early and the operation will in?
jure them very little. Use a disinfec?
tant when performing this operation
and pay no attention to the moon or
any other sign.
Sow peas everywhere, not only for
the pigs' sake, but for the land's
sake as well. Kill buzzards and
stray dogs that you find loafing
around your farm; and if you feed
the pigs as I have told you, keeping
them out-of-doors and on some sort
of pasture all the time, you will not
be troubled with cholera or any oth?
er disease. Take care of the pigs
when they come; every one crushed
means $15 out of pocket this fall.
Lice on Hogs.
I have a gilt 5 1-2 months old that
has been isolated from the other
hogs since six weeks old. Some two
months ago I noticed lice on her and
have not been able to destry them.
Have used "Pheno-Chlora," one tea
spoonful to half gallon water; and
lamp oil diluted, neither seems to do
any good. Will you please give me
a remedy.
M. A .W.
. .Editorial Answer?As we have
stated before, any man who keeps
half a dozen or more hogs will prob?
ably And it profitable to arrange a
dipping vat for quickly applying ma?
terials to the hogs to free them of
Hoe and other skin parasites.
For one or two hogs, applications
may be made by hand. For this pur?
pose we have never used anything
better than one part of kerosine to
two parts of some heavy non-irri?
tating oil?crude cottonseed oil is
good. Kerosine oll undiluted will
certainly kill lice, and the failure of
our correspondent must have ben
due to failure to apply to all part.
of the hog, or to neglect to disinfect
the sleeping quarters. We do not
like undiluted kerosine because it
burns the skin some, causes it to
i peel off and gives the hog a rough
appearance. As one application may
n--t destroy the eggs, a second appli?
cation should be made in a week or
ten days and the sleeping quarters
thoroughly cleaned and disinfected,
or given a coat of the ke rosine oil."
WM L II WE IUFLE RANKE.
Contract Signed l or Five Year's Lcnso
Lit ut. Col. Jno. K. Lindsay, of the
i First South Carolina Infantry, Nation?
al Guard, ami disi.ursin.'.,' officer for
the United State government in this
State was here Wdnesday ami signed
[a five year's lease for a tract of land
! two and a half miles from tow n be?
longing to Mr. Singleton Hradforl.
The range Is to be used by Company
L Ihe Sumter Light Infantry. The
grounds will he fitted up at once and
everything made ready for the tar-jot
i !- i< tIce of tin- <'ompany.
\ swarm of bees has been giving
amusement t.> some boys for a day
or tv o on West Lll? rty i tr< i t. Tin y
pitched in a small i Im, and have been
waiting since to be given a home, One
fanner near town several days ago
had a swarm to take up it - abode In
his- house, between the weather
boarding anl celling. Tlcy entered
through a kno| hole In the side of
the house. i
UXTIOUMIXATI: CATTLE TICK.
Secretary Wilson Writes Interesting
Letter on Subject.
Washington, April 13.?Secretary
Wilson, of the Departmi nt of Agri?
culture, ha.s just written a strong
leih r to Congressman Floyd, of Ar?
. usus, t>n the subjei t of exterminat?
ing the much dreaded eattle tick that
i:: worthy of serious consideration, in
v\ hit h he says:
"1 have just received a communica?
tion from Dr. Cooper Curtice, veterin?
ary inspector of the bureau of animal
industry of this department, setting
forth certain opinions respecting the
burning of forests and ranges to de?
stroy ticks which infest cattle and
transmit disease, in which the depart?
ment fully concurs. Dr. Curtice has
had many years experience with the
department, is one of the original in?
vestigators of the fever tick and has
probably had more experience in this
line of work than any other scientist.
He has recently made a tour through
Northern Arkansas and investigated
the conditions which exist in that lo?
cality, and his observations are there?
fore quite pertinent to the question
of conflict in the policies of the bu?
reau of animal industry and the forest
service.
"The observations of Dr. Curtice
are, in effect as follows: 'It is true
that at certain times of the year burn?
ing the grass on an enclosed field may
remove the ticks wherever the fire
travel?, but even then many places
remain unburned and the owner de
i pends on the fire for eradication and
consequently fails. At meetings of
cattle men and others I have been
speaking against the practice of burn?
ing over the forest ground and have
held that no work would be saved in
the process of eradication, because the
cattle should necessarily be treated
according to some one of the methods
already specified by this department
in order to secure perfect results. It
is necessary to remember in this con?
nection that there are many unburned
places, especially around the dwell?
ings, barns and other places, where
cattle lie.
" 'Whenever the grass is repeatedly
bu/ned, the roots become eventually
destroyed, the sweeter grasses give
way to the more resistant and finally
the latter perish. Not only does fire
destroy the scanty sod, but in remov?
ing the leaves as a protective covering
the hot sun of summer is permitted to
dry thft soil to a crust and continues
' the devastation. The best grass I saw
was in a place where the young
gowth was at least three years old.
In so far as tick eradication is con?
cerned, it seems to me an injustice
that the necessities of the work
should be quoted as being opposed to
the needs of the forest service. Fir?
ing the leaves has not eradicated
ticks, although followed for years. In?
stead of being beneficial in the forest
it has killed out the grasses and even
the new growth of trees, which so of
t< n furnish In spring the only source
of nourishment?the buds?upon
which the eattle may browse while
the scanty herbage grows.
" I have steadily advised that pas?
tures, meadows and growing corps be
provided upon which the cattle could
1 e held and fed the year around, and
thus the need for using the range be
obviated and the farmers, by securing
control of the feeding and breeding
factors, be able to raise better cattle
for the markets. Under present con?
ditions the mountain farmers are sav?
ing no manure, are making small
crops and are raising a very poor
quality of cattle and hogs. By attend?
ing to better cultivation, diversified
crops and feeding stock on the farm,
and abandoning the prejudicial burn?
ing of the woods and range, they can
raise a very high quality of live stock
and acquire a better money crop than
I they have heretofore held.' "
Mary Sanders, who was arrested in
Charlotte after skipping her bond, has
been brought back by her bondsman,
H. T. Edens and delivered to the jail?
er. Mary is wanted for grand larceny.
Mr.4 J. K. Scott, a Sumter boy at?
tending Davidson college, has been
selected as one of those to enter the
contest for the declaimer's medal.
The preliminary contest at which
three were selected was held on
Saturday night. Mr. Scott's subject
was the Unknown Speaker. The other
two selected were from South Caro?
lina.
Very few smokers, comparatively,
who have a fodness for the real
American pipe--the corncob-are aware
of the land that acres upon acres ef
land in Ohio, Illinois, Missouri and
Nebraska are devoted exclusively to
the production of cobs suitable for
fashioning into pipe bowls. The grain
produced here is, of course, market?
ed, but the cob on which this grain
grows is the real harvest, and is cut
carefully into proper lengths, smooth?
ed, and polished. The most expensive
article on the market in the way of
corncob pipes is a nest of six bowls,
with an amber mouthpiece mounted
In silver, which may be obtained for
the slight lay out of about $7.50.
I Corncob pipes now go to every country
I in the.worldd where smoking is a
practice. They are especially in favor
in Australia and New Zealand, where
they are regarded as characteristicallj
American in suggesting the idea o
Yankee ingenuity. With Englishmen,
probably the greatest pipesmoking
people on the globe, it is different,
however, for the briar pip ranks
highest in their estimation.
EGGS FOR RIATC1IING?-Single
comb Rhode Island Reds, best lay?
ers in the world. $1.00 for setting
of 15 eggs. M. L. Moore, D&lzell,
S. C. 4-8-6t. W. 2t.
O'Donnell 6 Co.
THE_ POPULAR
SI ORE OF SUM
TER.
TO ALL OUR FRIENDS : When you are in
to buy for the Spring and Summer, remem?
ber that this big store, where each depart?
ment is really a store in itself, can offer you values
that are well worth your time to see. Buying as large
as we do and paying the hard down cash for them as
we do, makes the manufacturer anxious to sell us and
sell us at the very lowest price. They know they
don't have to wait for their money.
We are Headquarters for
DRY GOODS
of Every Description
Shoes for Man, Woman or Child.
Clothing for Man or Boy.
Groceries for the Whole Family.
O'Donnell 6 Co.