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Oilier Wars With China. The Causes Which Led to the "Opium War" ic 1840. Baltimore Suq. The German Emperor William? like Saul of Tarsus, an unconverted Paul?is "yet breathiog threateuings and slsugbter " Addressing the first naval division, destined for ser? vice in Cbina, which saiied on Mon? day from Kiel, the little emperor said I ''Yours is the first division of armored ahips wbioh I send abroad. Remember you will have to fight a canning foe, provided frith modern weapons, to avange Gorman blood which has flowed. Spate the women and children. I ahsll n >t rest until Cbina ia subdued and all her bloody deeds are avenged." It is, perhaps, too early in the gsme to talk thus lightly of subduing Cbina, a country of vast extent, inhabited by 400,000, 000 ol people It is grstifying to know that in deferenoe presumably to the spirit of modern civilization, if not of Christianity, the Kaiser does not propose to exterminate the en? tire Chinese population He tells his warriors to "spare the women and children " For thus much, to this greet end terrible wsr lord, in the nsmo of humanity?thanks ! It is to be hoped thst neither the example of foreign powers nor the urgency of oar own jingoes will csuse the administration at Washirg ton to deviste a hair's, breadth from the aober policy of moderation and justice already announced by Sucre tary Hay It is all importsnt that President McKinley, whose backbone is notoiioasly none of tho stiftest, and who is lamentably prone to change his mind, shall have the eup port of the intelligent, conservative public opinion of the country in ad? hering to the policy marked out by hia secretary of stste. Tu save the lives, if rescue be possible, of oar own fellow citizens in danger of death at the handa of the Chinese mob, to assist in the restoration of order and stable government at Pekin and to oppose aoythiog like the apoliatioo or partition of China among the harpy powers, is for this country, obviously the policy of wis dom as well as justice We should not permit ourselves to be blinded by the atrocities committed by the Boxers?atrocities not differing io kind and not comparing in extent with those committed by -.he sans calottes of Paris, and Indeed throughout Prs.iee, doling the Reign of Terror little more than a centuiy ego?to the fact that in all her deal? ings with European powers China baa beeo treated with scant justice, if not with positive injustice Althoogh tho oldest, the rxost pop? ulous sod in aome ways the most powerful empire on this glob?, it is a noticeable fact that in all her long history, dating*back far beyound the beginnings of Christianity and mod? em civilizstioo, Chios has never been goilty of any set of sggressi m upon any other nation, leastwise upon sny Kutopeao power. She baa invaded the territory of no other power, has interfered with the plans and ambi ' tions of none. As an accomplished writer snd historian of our own dsy baa til : "The one thing that Chiua be* atikcd of European civilization and the thing called modern progress wss H be let alone. China's prayer to Europe was that of Diogenes to Alexander? Pray stand out of my sunsitiae ' " Tha Chinese did not seek inter course much foreign nations They woul I with rather have lived without seeing ?he face of a foreigner As it lakes two parties to a quarrel i'h i \ lived li peace with all tho wond until n'O year:lagsj bei first for e t% s9fj| was lotted upon her by tho fn.-ava'" greed and rapacity of Eng la< : It w?? soon alter the accession ot tyettl Victoria that tho war de*Igeiti d DJ ail h?stoiiann and des tine t in be remembered in all time as the Ouiuro ffsjf*1 broke Oil By ma y wise m | mit\ ttk Bogllebsaea it ben beea d wotib <l u? the diibeei bh>' o j'Oi t'i? p*g? s of English bit* Itfjf atat that wee belofs Ubisabei lain ..f d Rhodes und the London Sto.jl: exchange.? got up the w.*r fof tho !e?tiuction of tho independence of t. ? B Off Med ill ? Oiptort of the g M ti Ida in the OfOgi Kiwi Mate ai. i ilf Trannvaul Tb* csusM wbtoh led hi the "Opium v? ?r ' are iO)f| kfl >Wsl to all the sj ild Th? y ara i>f n cord ? Br ? sk St its Papers ' aid in the pag"** of ksstirii? wh? so accuracy and i litai? are U >yoad ill cjoeitioo The IsBpottitl ia i I npiq n lulu Chi no baa beea prohibited by lie Pekii goT rnment llMS 17'JH Tho dlig Oflgiiilly imn.duc? I by Portuguese tradets was smuggled overland from British India, where it vvf?s prodiOfd in large Mill tit Iii fteej tbi poppy, extensively grown for tbi puipuse The trade, grown to b ; ia branch ol commerce by ?1 and at OiO t>n.e u monopoly of the English East India Dpariy, afterward tell almost entire? ly i.ito tbi baud*? of Btiilth mer chants When the attention ot tbi houso of commons was called to the growing ovila of tho trade und the efforts midu by China for its auppres ?ion, i select committee of tho house declared that it was inadvisable If abandon an important company In 1837 tho Cuiueto govornmt m adopted i fresh and more stringeni policy. It decided < n rigoreuslj ' stopping the trade, and the celebrated Chinese official, Lin was sent to Can j ton with orders to require the eur * render and destruction of all opium, ! whether in the hands of what were called "Hong'' merchauts or Chinese merchants Au a further measure of prevention Lin established a blockade of Canton by Chinese forces and batteries D'spute arose with Mr Charles Elliott, representing tbe British merchants. Collision occur? red betweeu tho natives and British seamen, and although the Chinese government showed considerable desire to avert hostilities, no satisfac? tory arrangements could be reached for the suppression of tbo opium trade Finally, in 1840. tbe British began active hostilities; Caotou wss oaptured, but admitted to ransom by Elliot, whose clemency led to bis rceall aod the appointment of Sir Henry Poltin ger to conduct tbo war in bis stead. The great Yangtze river was asoended, the city of Cin-Kisng Fu, the port or Nankin, was taken by storm after desperate resistance and appalling destruction of life, thousands of the Manobu acd Tartar soldiers committing suicide after killing their wives and obildren, rather than surrender. Evety* thing was in readiness for a similar assault upon Nankin, when the Chinese made overtures for peace, whiob was concluded upon the payment by China of an indemnity for all the opium ooo6soatcd and destroyed, all the losses of British mcrohsnts and expenses of ?ue British orown, the opening of tbo five ports, thereafter known as the '?treaty ports," to British trade and tbe oessioo to Great Britain of tbe island of Hoog Koog. 'Reduced to plain word?," says an Eoglisb hitto.-ian, "the piiooiple for whieh we fought in tbo Cbica war wss the right of Great Britain to foroe a peouliar trado upon a foreign people in ?pite of the protestations of tbe govern moot acd all such public opinion as there was of the nation. . . . We ? sserted, or at least aoted on tbe asser? tion, of a claim so unreasonable aod evtn moostrous that it oever oould have been made upon any nation strong enough to render its assertion a matter of aeriooa responsibility." . After ex? plaining tbe machinery by which tbe opium trade was carried on aod refer riog to Lord Palmerstoo's defense io parliament of Eogtsod's participation in tbe infamous traffio, the same writer prooeeds : Let ua find an illustration intelligiblo to readers of the present day to show bow unjustifiable was this practice Tbe State of Maine, as everyone known, prohibits tbe common sale of spirituous liquors. Let us suppose that several oompanies of English merchants were formed io Portland and Augusta and other towns of Maine for tbe purpose of brewing beer and distilling whiskey aud selling both to tbo people of Maine 10 defiance of State laws. Let us fur? ther suppose that when tbo authorities of Maioe prooeeded to put the State laws 10 foroe against these iotruders our government hero took up tbe cause of the whiskey sellers aod sent an iron olad fleet to Portland to oompel tbe people of Maioe to put up with them. Id the case of such a nation as tbe United States nothing of tbe kind would be possible. But io dealing with Chios tbe minutry oever seems to hav3 thought tbe right or wrong ot th? question a matter worthy of any consideration This, be it remembered, was the entering wedge. The door of Chum was vioioo'ly forced open by England 10 order that the profitable but infamous opium triffio might find free entrance Who will say that England is net responsible for more than the bio d shed in the "Opium war"?tbe soils and bodies of millhrs of human biings ruined by the opium habit It at lca-t ?sjggsatl that in dealing with western sitiHSitioi China, if sinning, has also boju cri? vou?.ly dinned Rgeietl It maj be that it hardly Iconic 01 to br w stone at England on account of tho npiutn trtffio. when today in the Philippines, in Cuba and Puerto liieo, under tbo kindly protection of Pftai iaat MeKialej and hit admiaiatratlon, the liquor trade, always lit firtl 'o ? folUfJ tbe 0*.';," Is slaying i's thousands, proving ruoro deadly than tho rifles of our soldiers ?mmmm- - A. Question in Figures Sotno mathematical, hard headed, practical fallow has reduced the Chi ?UM problem to figures Assuming thai China is to be rappreseed, bo Btewfcsjif the following facts fur con aidvfatlon i It ii roughly setimaled that the population of China is 400,000,000 The tuttnal InoreWM is 10,0(10.000 tt year II tho allies will stait in and kill one million Chinamen a yew for 100 years, there will DO 1,000,000,000 Chinamen, approximately speaking, to deal witn >.t the beginning of the Hegt century Or, it the normal 1 incroane of Chinamen is 10,000,000, and the allies kill off 11,000,000 of : then of about 8fc,08'2 a day, it will i only iahe 100 yaati to exterminate i them. If lue number of shots flrod ? in past wall he need as a baais loi calculation, 1,400,000,000,000 ol am munition would 1)" required, which, 11 at m\ cents each, would only cost the ? allied nations ol the earth ? ?um ??i I , ?,000,000,000. 'I here would, ul ? course, he olbei minor items ??l > expeneo otteudant upon the cam? paign ^ I Good hammer!.!' cheap ?hitter OBSfl tut m r little mo e?at U. O. Oilmen ft Co's. More Benevolence. McKinley Buying Two More Islands of tho Sulu Group. Madrid, July 27?The cabinet is considering the proposition of the United States government tor the cession of the islands of Cibitu and Kalagayou in consideration of an in? demnity of $100,000. The ministry regards the proposition favorably ; the negotiations lor a treaty of accord between the two governments are proceeding rapidly. Washington, July 27 ?Arrange ments have practically been com? pleted for the purchase from Spain by the United States of the islands of Cibitu and Csgayen, which were left in Spanish possession by the treaty of Paris, although part of the Philippine archipelago The purchase price was not made public These islands he without the boundaries of the Philippine archi? pelago as laid down in the Paris treaty of peace After lengthy no gotiaiions the United States deter mined to buy out Spain's rights to them. Due Important consideration in tho negotiatior.R was the desirability of excluding any European power from the possession of the islands for use as a naval station, which would con? stitute a constant menace to tho Uni ted States sovereignty. There ie reason to believe that schemes of that kind already have been put afloat which are now to be thwarted The two islands are insignificant in area and thinly populated, probably containing from six to eight thousand people in all Cibitu is a long, nar? row isiand, 14 miles in length by 2 across Csgayen is about the same area, five miles by eight, with mountains reaching in height 1,100 feet It is the largest of s half dozen tiny islets known ss the Csgsycn Sulu group, and owing allegiance to the Sultan of Sulu. Its chief products are cotton, sugar and similar tropical products Both the islands are said to be main ly valuable for their pearl and shell fisheries. ?^Bsa? Neely'8 Embezzlements at the Very Least $131,000. Washington, July 25.?The post master general has made public the report of Fourth Assistant Postmas ter General Bristow, who investi? gated the Cuban postal frauds. Mr Bristow finds that Neely's embezzle ments aggregated at least $131,713 and says he was justified in recom? mending the removal of Director Geu? era) Ratbbone. Whether or not the latter was guilty with Neely in the embezzlements, he says, there can be no doubt that in the matter of unau thorized per diem allowances, per? sonal expenditures and warrants csshed and unaccounted for. be un? lawfully appropriated to his own use money from the l\bao revenues, and for this, Mr Bristow says, bo believes Mr Rathbonc should be required to answer The report nays there w?.s no check whatever on Neely's tranaac tious. From the accounts examined the report nays the minimum of Neely's embezzlements may be sum? marized as follows : Shortages as shown by hie own r?cords $30,600 ; excess of credit by destruction of surcharged stamps definitely ascertained $101,113; to? tal $131,713 This will be ii creased by tho dis? covery of additional sales of sur? charged Stampfl, but will not exceed $150,000 in the aggregate The report flays that Ilathbone appointed Neely. who had custody of the stamps. W II Reeves, the only man who could have a check on Neely'H transactions, and I) War? field chief of tho bureau of registra? tion, a commission to destroy the surcharged Stamps, of which Neely had received ?522,000. and that Neely and Reevei entered into a conspiracy to report a larger quantity of stamps destroyed than were ac? tually destroyed But, tho repoit flays, Neely's fraudulent transactions were not confined to these embezzle ments, and while tho amounts were small compared with tho latter "thoy show tho same official depravity and utter disregard of the interests of tho public service." - i? ? ? ?? ? ? DOKI IT PAY TO BUT CHIC APT _ A cheap ri-mctly tor oought and eoltli H all ri^'o. but you wnnt roin?tbing that will rc< 1 ievo hii'1 our* the ui r- severe and danger us results ?<? tlir.nt and lung troubles. Want kli.il! y>'H du '.' <J>> ti> a waruier nuil more regu Ur ellaiat* ? V?a( II possible : it' not |n.*.-;i>lc t< r you, then in oitbor ? i?-o lake tbu only rem i Iji ihnt has ' ten Introduced in nil eivilixsd countries with success ?evor? throat and lung troubles, "I! i^chae's llcriuau Sj rup." It not ?nly heals and stimulate* the tissue* t<> destroy tho germ discuses, bill idlayi u>!tn:u m ,t-( ii, causes eney eap? t< ration, n ?,? i .-I iii^lit'.* rent, an*l rures iho | ut*u*iii Tiy uus b-iitle, Ki'Potnuiciido'i 111411v j^ir? l.v nil drug I m-t* in tl ? \ trld V i ? ile ' v \ .1 Chin* It Tbc death rato amoog til'1 soldicra at M diu io4teatoa about '? per oool . exnlnsive of thoac whi <ii ? on Iraos* ports homeward bcuod, TI-ih is said |t i t,? -r;y doobls th-; death rato ot tho 1 lo hi ?h unny 10 India Lawlessness and Murder in New Orleans. New Orleans was wild with riotiag since last Tuesday and a Joody raoc war seemed at one time to be tbreated Tho latest dispatches however state peace aod order has beeo restored A complete list of casualtios shows that 8ix negroes and six while* havo beeu killed, end 10 negroes aod 20 whites wounded since the trouble bo* gan The beginning of the troublo is etat cd a6 follows : Two suspicious negroes were bann? ing around a quiet neighborhood and somebody took the preoaution to in? form ihe police Several officers went to tbe scene, aod instead of makiog explanatioos or going to jail, the negroes ehowed fight. Pistols were soon in play and Officer Mora was se? riously ?bot. One of tbe negroes wan arrested but Robert Charles, who did tho shooting, since said to be a desperate burglar aod ex oonviof, got away, although wounded The police organ ized a pursuing party and succeeded in locating the fugitive Captain John T j Day, commanding the preuioct, led a ; posse of police to this shanty and tried to reach the refugee by a dark alley 1 leading to it. They carried lanterns j aod were easily distinguished and when they #ot close enough Charles opened fire with a Wioobester, killing Captain Day and keeping up tho fusilade until tbe oaptain had five wounds . him. A ncgress opened the door or an !joioing room and told the police to jui ^ in ae Charles had rifles aori amtnunit' < and an impregnable position. They >cy od, thinking to bold Charles in is quarters until help or daylight can. Officer Lamp was the last of tbe threo survivors to attempt to reach shelter, after emptying his revolver io tbe direotion of tbe negro, and Charles reached out and dropped him with a bullst behind the ear. Nearly an boor elapsed before reinforcements came and these wero placed around the block to prevent esoape It was then discovered that Charles had already left tbe room, though a shot at the pickets told that be was iu the neighborhood. Thousands of people gathered around the scene of the shooting and, Isoking a victim or other exoitement proposed vengeance on tbe property and on the negroes in tbe hovels around. Tbe polioe promptly quelled the disturbance and jailed a number, but tbe guard had to bo increased. To suppress this lawlessness a citi? zens' polico force of over 1,000 men was o/gamzed by tbe mt?yor, wbioh with the State militia had apparently restored peaoe aod order, when on Fri? day afternoon tho desperate negro, Robert Cbaries, whose crimes caused the terr.nle events oi the previous two days, was located in a negro's dwelling ou riai Street, aod in effecting bis oapturt the lives of four white men? ?two police officers and two citizens ? were -aorifioed. Cbarie*' resistance cost bim his life and with him was killed a negro com? panion who had aided him io his war on tbe white? and his defianoe of the authorities Tbe fresh violoooe revived the turbulecoe of the unruly element and added strength to their forces. William E. Curtis, writing to the Chicago Record, gets off this good par? agraph : ' Col Bryan's house staods on the edge of tho city, a modest cottage neatly painted in yellow with trim? mings of Indian red It bears the number 1625 in tbe street. The house next door i9 number 1621, and a wag gisb friend has suggested to him the advisability of trading number i with his neighbors, so that the ligurea of his threshold may be the shibboleth of his campaigo, 16 to 1 (A diagram will bo furnished all who do not see the joko )" Fiirinaia B;iiiv??i*sity, GRRBNVILLB, 8, C. npHK NKXT SESSION opens on tbe 28th JL of September, 1800 Full ftud thor? ough instruction, leading to the degrsesof B.A., and M A , is offered. Boarding io private families moderate; in 'he Mess Ball, SZCeNsnt tare may he had at lce3 BZpSDSt. Correspondence solicited. AppHcatlOOS for plsC3S >n the Meea should not deferred. For fall particulars, *pp!v to tho President. A. P. MONTAGUE, L. L. D. Jaly 35?2m. CHARLES C. LESLIE, Wholesale ?nd Retail Commission Dealer in 3F* X S 3E3L Oysters, Game and Poultry. Stalls No. 1 and 2 Fish Market. Office, Nos. 18 aod 20 Market Street. CHARLESTON, 8. C. Consignments of Country Produce, Poultry, BggS, AtC, are ?< spectfully solicited. Prompt, returns ms.ie. Fish packed in barrels acd bozes tor the country trade a Specalty. L>* e 6 x THE BANK OF SUMTER, SUMTER, '?. C. City and County Depositary j ' ital *to< \i paid in. . $75,000 00 , I i du di d surplus, . 16,000 00 idual liability of stc 'kholdei i io ex ?? is ol thi ii stock, 75,000 00 Tr insdcti a gem ral banking business ; also ii /.. Savings Bank Department. Depositsol $1 and upward received Interest allowed n\ the rate ol 4 per csot, per annum, payable setoi'snnoallji. W v\ B. HAYNSWORTH, President. ManioH Motss, \v. F, Rbami, Viet* President Cashier. I Jau3l. Hi Kfta AVegc table Preparation Tor Ac- 1 sioiilating Ihcfood ondRetfuIa ling tii? Stomachs andBoweb cf Proir.olc s Di^cstion.Cheerful ness nnd Rest.Contains neither Opium .Morphine nor >lincral. Not ^AXicoTic. JmX$?m cfOL1HrS<\MUELriTCmjl Mx.S*mm * /*sou!.'e Salli - /hi'sc JiUfd * J>' i ?? rivifti - Jti Curt onatt Soda. * ffwriScfd - ClnrtfctdSugar ? \\uitwyroui f tavar. Apcriect Itemcdy forConstipa lion. Sour Stomach,Diarrhoea, Worms .Convulsions .Feverish ness and Loss OF SLEEP Tac Simile Signature of TTOW "YORK. At b in o ii t \\-? old J5 Doses EXACT COPY OF WRAPkEB. For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears the Signature of In Use For Over Thirty Years CASTORIA THE CENTAUR COMPANY. NEW YORK CITY. Great Business and Shorthand Training School of (lie Southeast, Which is endorsed by bankers, ministers, merchants and almost every business and professional man in the city, wants to send catalog and to tell every young person interested in business or shorthand education, what excellent courses and thorough teachers they have in all their departments: also what good inducements they offer those who enter with them. 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