The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, August 01, 1900, Image 2
Oilier Wars With China.
The Causes Which Led to the
"Opium War" ic 1840.
Baltimore Suq.
The German Emperor William?
like Saul of Tarsus, an unconverted
Paul?is "yet breathiog threateuings
and slsugbter " Addressing the
first naval division, destined for ser?
vice in Cbina, which saiied on Mon?
day from Kiel, the little emperor
said I ''Yours is the first division of
armored ahips wbioh I send abroad.
Remember you will have to fight a
canning foe, provided frith modern
weapons, to avange Gorman blood
which has flowed. Spate the women
and children. I ahsll n >t rest until
Cbina ia subdued and all her bloody
deeds are avenged." It is, perhaps,
too early in the gsme to talk thus
lightly of subduing Cbina, a country
of vast extent, inhabited by 400,000,
000 ol people It is grstifying to
know that in deferenoe presumably
to the spirit of modern civilization, if
not of Christianity, the Kaiser does
not propose to exterminate the en?
tire Chinese population He tells
his warriors to "spare the women
and children " For thus much, to
this greet end terrible wsr lord, in
the nsmo of humanity?thanks !
It is to be hoped thst neither the
example of foreign powers nor the
urgency of oar own jingoes will
csuse the administration at Washirg
ton to deviste a hair's, breadth from
the aober policy of moderation and
justice already announced by Sucre
tary Hay It is all importsnt that
President McKinley, whose backbone
is notoiioasly none of tho stiftest,
and who is lamentably prone to
change his mind, shall have the eup
port of the intelligent, conservative
public opinion of the country in ad?
hering to the policy marked out by
hia secretary of stste. Tu save the
lives, if rescue be possible, of oar
own fellow citizens in danger of
death at the handa of the Chinese
mob, to assist in the restoration of
order and stable government at Pekin
and to oppose aoythiog like the
apoliatioo or partition of China
among the harpy powers, is for this
country, obviously the policy of wis
dom as well as justice We should
not permit ourselves to be blinded
by the atrocities committed by the
Boxers?atrocities not differing io
kind and not comparing in extent
with those committed by -.he sans
calottes of Paris, and Indeed
throughout Prs.iee, doling the Reign
of Terror little more than a centuiy
ego?to the fact that in all her deal?
ings with European powers China
baa beeo treated with scant justice,
if not with positive injustice
Althoogh tho oldest, the rxost pop?
ulous sod in aome ways the most
powerful empire on this glob?, it is a
noticeable fact that in all her long
history, dating*back far beyound the
beginnings of Christianity and mod?
em civilizstioo, Chios has never been
goilty of any set of sggressi m upon
any other nation, leastwise upon sny
Kutopeao power. She baa invaded
the territory of no other power, has
interfered with the plans and ambi
' tions of none. As an accomplished
writer snd historian of our own dsy
baa til : "The one thing that Chiua
be* atikcd of European civilization
and the thing called modern progress
wss H be let alone. China's prayer
to Europe was that of Diogenes to
Alexander? Pray stand out of my
sunsitiae ' "
Tha Chinese did not seek inter
course much foreign nations They
woul I with rather have lived without
seeing ?he face of a foreigner As
it lakes two parties to a quarrel
i'h i \ lived li peace with all tho
wond until n'O year:lagsj bei first for
e t% s9fj| was lotted upon her by tho
fn.-ava'" greed and rapacity of Eng
la< : It w?? soon alter the accession
ot tyettl Victoria that tho war
de*Igeiti d DJ ail h?stoiiann and des
tine t in be remembered in all time as
the Ouiuro ffsjf*1 broke Oil By
ma y wise m | mit\ ttk Bogllebsaea
it ben beea d wotib <l u? the diibeei
bh>' o j'Oi t'i? p*g? s of English bit*
Itfjf atat that wee belofs Ubisabei
lain ..f d Rhodes und the London
Sto.jl: exchange.? got up the w.*r fof
tho !e?tiuction of tho independence
of t. ? B Off Med ill ? Oiptort of the
g M ti Ida in the OfOgi Kiwi Mate
ai. i ilf Trannvaul
Tb* csusM wbtoh led hi the
"Opium v? ?r ' are iO)f| kfl >Wsl to all
the sj ild Th? y ara i>f n cord ?
Br ? sk St its Papers ' aid in the
pag"** of ksstirii? wh? so accuracy
and i litai? are U >yoad ill cjoeitioo
The IsBpottitl ia i I npiq n lulu Chi no
baa beea prohibited by lie Pekii
goT rnment llMS 17'JH Tho dlig
Oflgiiilly imn.duc? I by Portuguese
tradets was smuggled overland from
British India, where it vvf?s prodiOfd
in large Mill tit Iii fteej tbi poppy,
extensively grown for tbi puipuse
The trade, grown to b ; ia branch ol
commerce by ?1 and at OiO t>n.e u
monopoly of the English East India
Dpariy, afterward tell almost entire?
ly i.ito tbi baud*? of Btiilth mer
chants When the attention ot tbi
houso of commons was called to the
growing ovila of tho trade und the
efforts midu by China for its auppres
?ion, i select committee of tho house
declared that it was inadvisable If
abandon an important company
In 1837 tho Cuiueto govornmt m
adopted i fresh and more stringeni
policy. It decided < n rigoreuslj
' stopping the trade, and the celebrated
Chinese official, Lin was sent to Can
j ton with orders to require the eur
* render and destruction of all opium,
! whether in the hands of what were
called "Hong'' merchauts or Chinese
merchants Au a further measure of
prevention Lin established a blockade
of Canton by Chinese forces and
batteries D'spute arose with Mr
Charles Elliott, representing tbe
British merchants. Collision occur?
red betweeu tho natives and British
seamen, and although the Chinese
government showed considerable
desire to avert hostilities, no satisfac?
tory arrangements could be reached
for the suppression of tbo opium
trade
Finally, in 1840. tbe British began
active hostilities; Caotou wss oaptured,
but admitted to ransom by Elliot,
whose clemency led to bis rceall aod
the appointment of Sir Henry Poltin
ger to conduct tbo war in bis stead.
The great Yangtze river was asoended,
the city of Cin-Kisng Fu, the port or
Nankin, was taken by storm after
desperate resistance and appalling
destruction of life, thousands of the
Manobu acd Tartar soldiers committing
suicide after killing their wives and
obildren, rather than surrender. Evety*
thing was in readiness for a similar
assault upon Nankin, when the Chinese
made overtures for peace, whiob was
concluded upon the payment by China
of an indemnity for all the opium
ooo6soatcd and destroyed, all the losses
of British mcrohsnts and expenses of
?ue British orown, the opening of tbo
five ports, thereafter known as the
'?treaty ports," to British trade and tbe
oessioo to Great Britain of tbe island of
Hoog Koog.
'Reduced to plain word?," says an
Eoglisb hitto.-ian, "the piiooiple for
whieh we fought in tbo Cbica war wss
the right of Great Britain to foroe a
peouliar trado upon a foreign people in
?pite of the protestations of tbe govern
moot acd all such public opinion as
there was of the nation. . . . We
? sserted, or at least aoted on tbe asser?
tion, of a claim so unreasonable aod
evtn moostrous that it oever oould
have been made upon any nation strong
enough to render its assertion a matter
of aeriooa responsibility." . After ex?
plaining tbe machinery by which tbe
opium trade was carried on aod refer
riog to Lord Palmerstoo's defense io
parliament of Eogtsod's participation
in tbe infamous traffio, the same writer
prooeeds :
Let ua find an illustration intelligiblo
to readers of the present day to show
bow unjustifiable was this practice
Tbe State of Maine, as everyone known,
prohibits tbe common sale of spirituous
liquors. Let us suppose that several
oompanies of English merchants were
formed io Portland and Augusta and
other towns of Maine for tbe purpose
of brewing beer and distilling whiskey
aud selling both to tbo people of Maine
10 defiance of State laws. Let us fur?
ther suppose that when tbo authorities
of Maioe prooeeded to put the State
laws 10 foroe against these iotruders our
government hero took up tbe cause of
the whiskey sellers aod sent an iron
olad fleet to Portland to oompel tbe
people of Maioe to put up with them.
Id the case of such a nation as tbe
United States nothing of tbe kind
would be possible. But io dealing
with Chios tbe minutry oever seems to
hav3 thought tbe right or wrong ot
th? question a matter worthy of any
consideration
This, be it remembered, was the
entering wedge. The door of Chum
was vioioo'ly forced open by England
10 order that the profitable but infamous
opium triffio might find free entrance
Who will say that England is net
responsible for more than the bio d
shed in the "Opium war"?tbe soils
and bodies of millhrs of human biings
ruined by the opium habit It at lca-t
?sjggsatl that in dealing with western
sitiHSitioi China, if sinning, has also
boju cri? vou?.ly dinned Rgeietl It
maj be that it hardly Iconic 01 to
br w stone at England on account
of tho npiutn trtffio. when today in the
Philippines, in Cuba and Puerto liieo,
under tbo kindly protection of Pftai
iaat MeKialej and hit admiaiatratlon,
the liquor trade, always lit firtl 'o
? folUfJ tbe 0*.';," Is slaying i's
thousands, proving ruoro deadly than
tho rifles of our soldiers
?mmmm- -
A. Question in Figures
Sotno mathematical, hard headed,
practical fallow has reduced the Chi
?UM problem to figures Assuming
thai China is to be rappreseed, bo
Btewfcsjif the following facts fur con
aidvfatlon i
It ii roughly setimaled that the
population of China is 400,000,000
The tuttnal InoreWM is 10,0(10.000 tt
year II tho allies will stait in and
kill one million Chinamen a yew for
100 years, there will DO 1,000,000,000
Chinamen, approximately speaking,
to deal witn >.t the beginning of the
Hegt century Or, it the normal
1 incroane of Chinamen is 10,000,000,
and the allies kill off 11,000,000 of
: then of about 8fc,08'2 a day, it will
i only iahe 100 yaati to exterminate
i them. If lue number of shots flrod
? in past wall he need as a baais loi
calculation, 1,400,000,000,000 ol am
munition would 1)" required, which,
11 at m\ cents each, would only cost the
? allied nations ol the earth ? ?um ??i
I , ?,000,000,000. 'I here would, ul
? course, he olbei minor items ??l
> expeneo otteudant upon the cam?
paign ^
I Good hammer!.!' cheap ?hitter OBSfl tut m
r little mo e?at U. O. Oilmen ft Co's.
More Benevolence.
McKinley Buying Two More
Islands of tho Sulu Group.
Madrid, July 27?The cabinet is
considering the proposition of the
United States government tor the
cession of the islands of Cibitu and
Kalagayou in consideration of an in?
demnity of $100,000. The ministry
regards the proposition favorably ;
the negotiations lor a treaty of accord
between the two governments are
proceeding rapidly.
Washington, July 27 ?Arrange
ments have practically been com?
pleted for the purchase from Spain
by the United States of the islands
of Cibitu and Csgayen, which were
left in Spanish possession by the
treaty of Paris, although part of the
Philippine archipelago The purchase
price was not made public
These islands he without the
boundaries of the Philippine archi?
pelago as laid down in the Paris
treaty of peace After lengthy no
gotiaiions the United States deter
mined to buy out Spain's rights to
them.
Due Important consideration in tho
negotiatior.R was the desirability of
excluding any European power from
the possession of the islands for use
as a naval station, which would con?
stitute a constant menace to tho Uni
ted States sovereignty. There ie
reason to believe that schemes of
that kind already have been put afloat
which are now to be thwarted
The two islands are insignificant in
area and thinly populated, probably
containing from six to eight thousand
people in all Cibitu is a long, nar?
row isiand, 14 miles in length by 2
across
Csgayen is about the same area,
five miles by eight, with mountains
reaching in height 1,100 feet It is
the largest of s half dozen tiny islets
known ss the Csgsycn Sulu group,
and owing allegiance to the Sultan of
Sulu. Its chief products are cotton,
sugar and similar tropical products
Both the islands are said to be main
ly valuable for their pearl and shell
fisheries.
?^Bsa?
Neely'8 Embezzlements at
the Very Least $131,000.
Washington, July 25.?The post
master general has made public the
report of Fourth Assistant Postmas
ter General Bristow, who investi?
gated the Cuban postal frauds. Mr
Bristow finds that Neely's embezzle
ments aggregated at least $131,713
and says he was justified in recom?
mending the removal of Director Geu?
era) Ratbbone. Whether or not the
latter was guilty with Neely in the
embezzlements, he says, there can be
no doubt that in the matter of unau
thorized per diem allowances, per?
sonal expenditures and warrants
csshed and unaccounted for. be un?
lawfully appropriated to his own use
money from the l\bao revenues, and
for this, Mr Bristow says, bo believes
Mr Rathbonc should be required to
answer
The report nays there w?.s no
check whatever on Neely's tranaac
tious. From the accounts examined
the report nays the minimum of
Neely's embezzlements may be sum?
marized as follows :
Shortages as shown by hie own
r?cords $30,600 ; excess of credit
by destruction of surcharged stamps
definitely ascertained $101,113; to?
tal $131,713
This will be ii creased by tho dis?
covery of additional sales of sur?
charged Stampfl, but will not exceed
$150,000 in the aggregate
The report flays that Ilathbone
appointed Neely. who had custody of
the stamps. W II Reeves, the only
man who could have a check on
Neely'H transactions, and I) War?
field chief of tho bureau of registra?
tion, a commission to destroy the
surcharged Stamps, of which Neely
had received ?522,000. and that
Neely and Reevei entered into a
conspiracy to report a larger quantity
of stamps destroyed than were ac?
tually destroyed But, tho repoit
flays, Neely's fraudulent transactions
were not confined to these embezzle
ments, and while tho amounts were
small compared with tho latter "thoy
show tho same official depravity and
utter disregard of the interests of tho
public service."
- i? ? ? ?? ? ?
DOKI IT PAY TO BUT CHIC APT
_
A cheap ri-mctly tor oought and eoltli H all
ri^'o. but you wnnt roin?tbing that will rc<
1 ievo hii'1 our* the ui r- severe and danger us
results ?<? tlir.nt and lung troubles. Want
kli.il! y>'H du '.' <J>> ti> a waruier nuil more regu
Ur ellaiat* ? V?a( II possible : it' not |n.*.-;i>lc
t< r you, then in oitbor ? i?-o lake tbu only rem
i Iji ihnt has ' ten Introduced in nil eivilixsd
countries with success ?evor? throat and
lung troubles, "I! i^chae's llcriuau Sj rup." It
not ?nly heals and stimulate* the tissue* t<>
destroy tho germ discuses, bill idlayi u>!tn:u
m ,t-( ii, causes eney eap? t< ration, n ?,? i .-I
iii^lit'.* rent, an*l rures iho | ut*u*iii Tiy uus
b-iitle, Ki'Potnuiciido'i 111411v j^ir? l.v nil drug
I m-t* in tl ? \ trld V i ? ile ' v \ .1 Chin* It
Tbc death rato amoog til'1 soldicra at
M diu io4teatoa about '? per oool .
exnlnsive of thoac whi <ii ? on Iraos*
ports homeward bcuod, TI-ih is said
|t i t,? -r;y doobls th-; death rato ot tho
1 lo hi ?h unny 10 India
Lawlessness and Murder
in New Orleans.
New Orleans was wild with riotiag
since last Tuesday and a Joody raoc
war seemed at one time to be tbreated
Tho latest dispatches however state
peace aod order has beeo restored
A complete list of casualtios shows
that 8ix negroes and six while* havo
beeu killed, end 10 negroes aod 20
whites wounded since the trouble bo*
gan
The beginning of the troublo is etat
cd a6 follows :
Two suspicious negroes were bann?
ing around a quiet neighborhood and
somebody took the preoaution to in?
form ihe police Several officers went
to tbe scene, aod instead of makiog
explanatioos or going to jail, the
negroes ehowed fight. Pistols were
soon in play and Officer Mora was se?
riously ?bot. One of tbe negroes wan
arrested but Robert Charles, who did
tho shooting, since said to be a desperate
burglar aod ex oonviof, got away,
although wounded The police organ
ized a pursuing party and succeeded in
locating the fugitive Captain John T j
Day, commanding the preuioct, led a ;
posse of police to this shanty and tried
to reach the refugee by a dark alley 1
leading to it. They carried lanterns j
aod were easily distinguished and when
they #ot close enough Charles opened
fire with a Wioobester, killing Captain
Day and keeping up tho fusilade until
tbe oaptain had five wounds . him. A
ncgress opened the door or an !joioing
room and told the police to jui ^ in ae
Charles had rifles aori amtnunit' < and
an impregnable position. They >cy
od, thinking to bold Charles in is
quarters until help or daylight can.
Officer Lamp was the last of tbe threo
survivors to attempt to reach shelter,
after emptying his revolver io tbe
direotion of tbe negro, and Charles
reached out and dropped him with a
bullst behind the ear. Nearly an boor
elapsed before reinforcements came and
these wero placed around the block to
prevent esoape It was then discovered
that Charles had already left tbe room,
though a shot at the pickets told that
be was iu the neighborhood.
Thousands of people gathered around
the scene of the shooting and, Isoking
a victim or other exoitement proposed
vengeance on tbe property and on the
negroes in tbe hovels around. Tbe
polioe promptly quelled the disturbance
and jailed a number, but tbe guard had
to bo increased.
To suppress this lawlessness a citi?
zens' polico force of over 1,000 men
was o/gamzed by tbe mt?yor, wbioh
with the State militia had apparently
restored peaoe aod order, when on Fri?
day afternoon tho desperate negro,
Robert Cbaries, whose crimes caused
the terr.nle events oi the previous two
days, was located in a negro's dwelling
ou riai Street, aod in effecting bis
oapturt the lives of four white men?
?two police officers and two citizens
? were -aorifioed.
Cbarie*' resistance cost bim his life
and with him was killed a negro com?
panion who had aided him io his war
on tbe white? and his defianoe of the
authorities Tbe fresh violoooe revived
the turbulecoe of the unruly element
and added strength to their forces.
William E. Curtis, writing to the
Chicago Record, gets off this good par?
agraph : ' Col Bryan's house staods on
the edge of tho city, a modest cottage
neatly painted in yellow with trim?
mings of Indian red It bears the
number 1625 in tbe street. The house
next door i9 number 1621, and a wag
gisb friend has suggested to him the
advisability of trading number i with
his neighbors, so that the ligurea of his
threshold may be the shibboleth of his
campaigo, 16 to 1 (A diagram will
bo furnished all who do not see the
joko )"
Fiirinaia B;iiiv??i*sity,
GRRBNVILLB, 8, C.
npHK NKXT SESSION opens on tbe 28th
JL of September, 1800 Full ftud thor?
ough instruction, leading to the degrsesof
B.A., and M A , is offered. Boarding io
private families moderate; in 'he Mess Ball,
SZCeNsnt tare may he had at lce3 BZpSDSt.
Correspondence solicited. AppHcatlOOS for
plsC3S >n the Meea should not deferred. For
fall particulars, *pp!v to tho President.
A. P. MONTAGUE, L. L. D.
Jaly 35?2m.
CHARLES C. LESLIE,
Wholesale ?nd Retail Commission Dealer in
3F* X S 3E3L
Oysters, Game and Poultry.
Stalls No. 1 and 2 Fish Market.
Office, Nos. 18 aod 20 Market Street.
CHARLESTON, 8. C.
Consignments of Country Produce, Poultry,
BggS, AtC, are ?< spectfully solicited.
Prompt, returns ms.ie.
Fish packed in barrels acd bozes tor the
country trade a Specalty.
L>* e 6 x
THE BANK OF SUMTER,
SUMTER, '?. C.
City and County Depositary
j
' ital *to< \i paid in. . $75,000 00
, I i du di d surplus, . 16,000 00
idual liability of stc 'kholdei i
io ex ?? is ol thi ii stock, 75,000 00
Tr insdcti a gem ral banking business ; also
ii /.. Savings Bank Department. Depositsol
$1 and upward received Interest allowed n\
the rate ol 4 per csot, per annum, payable
setoi'snnoallji.
W v\ B. HAYNSWORTH, President.
ManioH Motss, \v. F, Rbami,
Viet* President Cashier.
I Jau3l.
Hi Kfta
AVegc table Preparation Tor Ac- 1
sioiilating Ihcfood ondRetfuIa
ling tii? Stomachs andBoweb cf
Proir.olc s Di^cstion.Cheerful
ness nnd Rest.Contains neither
Opium .Morphine nor >lincral.
Not ^AXicoTic.
JmX$?m cfOL1HrS<\MUELriTCmjl
Mx.S*mm *
/*sou!.'e Salli -
/hi'sc JiUfd *
J>' i ?? rivifti -
Jti Curt onatt Soda. *
ffwriScfd -
ClnrtfctdSugar ?
\\uitwyroui f tavar.
Apcriect Itemcdy forConstipa
lion. Sour Stomach,Diarrhoea,
Worms .Convulsions .Feverish
ness and Loss OF SLEEP
Tac Simile Signature of
TTOW "YORK.
At b in o ii t \\-? old
J5 Doses
EXACT COPY OF WRAPkEB.
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have
Always Bought
Bears the
Signature
of
In
Use
For Over
Thirty Years
CASTORIA
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Write at once for catalog and full information. Address
COLUMBIA BUSINESS COLLEGE,
W. H. Newberry, President.
NI:W ?ARTIRE
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THE OSBORNE RIVAL DISC
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July il