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"Be Just and" Fear not-Let ail the Ends thou Ainis't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's " THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established Jaae, I860 SUMTES, S. O., TUESDAY, JANUARY 49 1887. New Series-Yol. TI. No. I iSNTS t I ? 00 srtion...._I 50 ree moat-hs, or iooger^ill jtaibjced rates. i. ??ieations which subserve p?date ?charged for as advertisetfe^ts" ind. tributes of respectVw3A?e ' ABOUi *kmms Iron\ j Bitte? s 1 ANSWERED. 1 ?a has probably bean asked thonsaad* ?" can Brotsa's ?roa BSnta cure <p? , it doesnt. Bat it does care an? dises? -Potable phjsiciaa mocdd prescribe IKO? s recogrdze Iror as th?-best restorstiv^ c?twa the profession, and inquiry of.?1 ;efceimcal firm wul substantiate theas _ tratkmsef iroathaaof ? Lin medic?* ' This shows r that iron is acknowledged to be the _ it "factor Ki sacoessfai medical practice. Iti ?^Tftn<ricable?act.thatiroortothe ? l:aW?i>SIRON BiraSKSaoi i/OC7 iras. '-<-^v?-^tT-~?T>h'*-'*'v"*T" been otr=d. ; ?BOIBlTTEBSStSSSi ; or procnoe oaastxpstion?all other iront, j es do- BEOWN'SIRON B?TTJEUS? ; ideation, BiKonscess, Weakness, ? 3?a?aria, Chills aad Fever*,^ n^ teacralJ>**25?y,Pain iath*| -:orl!3cbs,Headacheand?ieoraI-^' raH these ailments Iron is prescribed da2y.? ""SiROSSnEBS^^ lite all other t&rrjcch n?eojciceSv?t acts wfbea tafrf?q by a?t?a_tho Sat SjBBPtwn of tzeravsd energy? Theamsc?fistbaobccon?e iaogasttoaLapgivys.thebwrstoroactive. ? itneeffectisnssally inore rapid and marked. * i bot?n?t ecce to brighten; the skis clears % Kay colar cegaos to the cheeks; nervousness * gBffigc^tttetl detaugcarecSs become regn- | " ^[Yarxzng mother, abondant sustenance | Bor ?beeh?cL Kemember Brown1* Iron f le iron r?cheme thai is not in- 4? 'tfrkSant ant Druggiftt rccasoceAd it. ?3 Trade Mark and croesed red Ihaq X beeS- E SO OTHER- 1 ATTING MATTRESSES* jwE3SPEN LMOST HALF : Efel?oold b? made as comfort? fi?Mii7 for the purpose of i bod work, and makio? some pip offer the best COTTON BAT ?Ti?SS ever put opon this market. |sk)w made?$5.00, $6:00, S7.00. fea fail information at Store of 4 Aboses i? os guaranteed in every case, or rimed. So M TER COTTON MILLS MRT & GO., S. C, steamer and ra?l from the West fu? supplies "ch week of BaS, PEARS. LEMONS. P? K3AGES, ONIONS, NUTS IT KINDS/Etc., Etc. S ted and promptly filled. TO HOUSEKEEPERS! ?VE OPENED A otT GROCERY si% STREET^NSAR" MAIN. 4ep constantly on hand feiinessee Beef, ?EAI*, M?TTOX, AND SAUSAGES. ali and save time and money. Jroods delivered free. t- Surater, S. C. I AM) WINTER" [ ana Miss M?LLIR jpared to furnish their friends with Trimmed and Untrimmed AJSD , BONNETS FLOWERS, RIBBONS, Ac, in great variety. iJD VANTAS. iown. with plesso re. ft? examine our stock before pur tee ? here. R?26. E CRAIG-, ?TABLI$H?J> 1S56. FURNiTURE DEALER !?ft^to ?sea*" THANK HIS FRIENDS and fyiblie-generally for their liberal rn the past, and hopes by low prices !;licg to-merit a continuance of tbe ce?ved^lreadv a large and varied }of HOUSEHOLD i ?C XX A % XX X* o ! Trade, to which weekly additions aade, and there can be found ELL STOCK BD ROOMS as ^-eat f FURNITURE OF ALL GRANDES rst-e?ass ciiy houses. |ougo*t his goods DrRECT FROM TORI ES, st lowest prices to be h:id !:e3h> gire bis customers the full sis bargnins. i*ARLrOR SUITES, kd iiarbie-Top Bed Room Suites, js. Mattresses. Sf?ring Beds, "Sideboards, Sofas, Lounges, reans, Wasbstands, ^Picture Frames, Window Shades, ^ir articles supplied by the furniture -ALSO, >W GLASS AND PUTTY. % tstore and be convinced by a per nation of goods and prices that tons are troe. He takes pleasure ^customers around. ftRTAKfN? DEPARTMENT, ^ith a large number of stvles of Casketa, from the smallpgt'io the aade, aod at as re?ionable prices in be bocjht anywhere, btiy attended to", day or night J. D. CRAIG. * 9QMn oar aathosiswl e^m^ PAYING THE CHUSCH DEBT. c*0h husband, I heard such a sermon to-day, By dear Mr. Sti^gias, who said we wouid pay Next Sabbath the debt on our church, and, said he, 'Whoever subscribes?Oh ! how happy he'll be.' And all may this glorious privilege share By naming the sum he surely cao spare ; You just sign a slip and you weekly can Oh 1 can you imagine an easier way? And dear Mr. Stiggins said all can afford To give back what only belongs to the Lord, Who'will repay treble?besides if we should Just saer'?ce something, we'd feel the more ?'good." - "^es, wife, of that privilege all should par take, A sacrifice for such a cause we must make ; Z, being unselfish, will let you, guess, Feel good?so we'll sacrifice your new silk dress. Oh ! husband, I couldu't. My six won't suffice. Our pastor meant you would with joy sac rifice A few of your pleasures. I thought you'd be glad To give up vour pipe and vour papers so bad.'.'* ; ?Xorristozcn Herald. ffiYBY BE. J. BEMBERT, OF SUMT?R COUNTY, S. C; Read at. (he Joint Summer Meeting of the State Agricultural and Mechani cal Society, and the State Grange of the P. of S., at Columbia, S. 0. August Wh, 1886. The ploughman, he's a bonnie lad His mind is ever true, jo ; His garter knit below bis knee, His bonnet it is blue, jo. Then upwi' merry ploughman lad, And hey try merry ploughman ! Of a' the trades that I do ken, Commend me to the ploughman.' ?Burns. AGRICULTURE?ITS ANTIQUITY. The objectif this-meeting and the subject engaging its attention is as accient as the Human family. Its antiquity from its necessity, to the [support of life? reaching as it does poto far-off years, where myths, superstitions, barbarisms and ignor ance held enchained the progress of mankind, renders it a subject of curious conjecture as to its condi tions and practical management "during the earlier ages of the world While there is the commaud : 'In the sweet of thy face, thou shalt eat ?iread/ there is also the promise : While the earth remaineth, seed tmie and harvest and cold and heat, aed Summer and Winter, and day and night shall not cease.' During the wars of the Kings as ..far back as the Abrahamic era, goods and chattels were considered ; a fegal capture in times of war. j F<f in the wais of the Kings, and ! th&e Kings were doubtless chiefs j off petty tribes, 'They took alt the ? sroods of Sodom and Gomorrah and j all their victuals and went their way,' j an<| among this capture was the per sonal Lot, the nephew of Abraham, and| 'his goods/ causing retaliation j by |the venerable Patriarch?who ! will distinguished Generaishio? organized 'his household,' and pur suing, re-captured his nephew, and 'all the goods that were taken.' It? is a matter of interesting speculation how Moses in the Exodus,' 'witHjjthe Hosts of Israei' sustained theirlcommissariat, before the inter position of miraculous power?or that ?erxes fed, clothed and cared for medicinally, the immense army, with Which historv records that he invad?i Greece?besides the land forces* variously estimated at from one toltwo millions. Aes?tylus speaks of the Persian fleet engaged in their grand naval action ?s? "A thousand ships (for tell I know the number.) The Petjian flag obeyed : Two hundred mae and seveu, o'ersprend the sea.' We are left to suppose, that at this early period, agriculture though the implements used must have been rude, attained a considerable stage of advance?and that there must have been a large surplus in production, not oniy to maintain this vast army, but tfe ancient armies in general. DIGNITY OF AGRICHLTLV.E. Durrig the Roman period there are i instances of its most distinguished citizem, not only engaging in agri culture^?but laboring; as Paul, the Apostltdid, with their 'own hande.' j Every school-boy knows that the 1 great rod simple Cincinnatus was j called tona his plow to defend Rome i from capture. His change of cloth ! ing wai carried to him in the field j by 'his wife?for he did not tarry even to visit Iiis home. Cato?the j censor?the mentor of Roman morals, j manners and patriotism, was not j oniy retred upon a farm, but wrote { a wotkion agriculture. ; Arist?es, the just?the great j Athenian, statesman, was buried on j his farm. j Bolinrbroke, while suffering from ! political difficulties and disabilities, j sought solace and comfort on his ! farm. ?s an instance of his ecccn tricity aid fondness for farm life, he j had hisihall painted with agricultural j j implements, and over the door the ? j motto : ; j "Sa/zV- Beatus, Rurix Honoribus,''' j j The country homes of England and | ? the Chafeaus of France are the glory | of their<;iviHzation. In our own country some of the I most distinguished loaders of the \ I Republic found in the retirement i of their homes in the country, that quiet and opportunity for reflection i and communing: with naturo, that j was so congenial to the spirits that ! have lived in the past. ITS LITERATURE. j But odi business here is not so ! j much to dwell upon the charms of; I country life, to the great or the lowly j ?but to treat of agriculture as it. ! exists at present. ! In the mental activity that per- j j vades society, in the Nineteenth ; Century, in all departments of] I knowledge?agriculture, though the j most neglected and oppressed, but most important of ill the industries ! and avocations, yet, notwithstanding the barri?'s to-its progress?it has engaged and is engaging the montai efforts and energies x>f many of the ( ablest ccirids of the present day. j The agricultural works, periodicals and papers enlisted in the defense Of its rights?in its improvement, ad vance and elevation are developing a literature and giving a dignity to the avocation, which is an honor to the times in which we live, and while no one can be a farmer without ex perience and practical judgment, and attention to details, yet the time has come, and will be more so, in the near future, when to be? success ful in the cultivation of the soil, it is essential to be versed in its litera ture and science. A history of the literature of the present age would be very deficient, and a large vacuity would be felt without a review and analysis of the theories and scientific developments of the able reviews and journals de voted to the advancement aud im provement of the agricultural branch of industry. At an early period, and even down to comparatively modern times, the sole means of knowledge was in ob servation and exp?rience, and from this cause the use of common manures ?such as excrements of animals, rich earth and vegetable matter, to fer tilize, and as it were to bring up the soil, (for land can be made much richer than natural)?without refer ence to the ingredieuts. There are aged men probably now living, who are engaged in farming? who can recall the time, when the vegetable matter of the woods, and particularly the leaves of the pine, first began to be hauled into the lot and the field?aud there are those even at this time, who do not be lieve in their value as a fertilizer. But I can testify that I have never hauled what is known as lot manure, composed of vegetable matter from the woods, which was open to the rays, of the sun and rain or even the vegetable matter itself, and were mixed with the doppings of animals, without observing a perceptible dif ference in the growth and }Tie!d of the plant. ITS SCIENCE. But in our age chemistry has inter posed her hand to assist in asking nature questions. This mode of in terpretation of nature called the Baconian or Inductive method in troduced into modern investigation is the origin of the rapid and extraordi nary advance made in the present age?in transportation and travel by steam, and the transmission of intelli gence and news by telegraph and tel ephone ; in those wonderful gifts to medicinal science?to alleviate pain and suffering?coming as it were from the hands of angels, whose sympa thies were enlisted in the mandaiive sorrows of poor helpless mortals. Also in the isolation of the constit uents of animal and vegetable Organ es o isrn?soil, air and water?to teil of the combinations essential to their life, and that the same elements it: different quantities of combination, evolves or creates a product of vastly different qualities. Chemistry reduces nature into it? elements and brings the vagaries and superstitions of 'the philosopher's stone' directly to the eye of reason and applies them practically to the comforts of every day life, and the de velopment of a humane and kindly civilization. To Leibig, is greatly due, the im pulse which has been given in our day to agricultural chemistry, and the dignity which it is assuming as a sci ence?not only- has been taught the mode of exchange of values, as it were, between the vegetable aud an imal kingdom?the elimination of car bon by animal life and its absorption or use, or vital appropriation b}r veg etable life. The elimination of oxy gen by vegetable life and its absorp tion or use or vital appropriai ion by animal life?the value of which it is difficult to estimate. But also the great principle of an alysis?the taking to pieces, as it were of the different parts of the plants and the soil?reducing them to their orig inal elements aud finding out the con stituents of the one and the deficien cy of the other. Thus teaching us the necessity of applying food to the soil in proportion, as it was extract ed or appropriated by the plant. We are now endeavoring by every effort to bring these principles into practical shape. FERTILIZERS AND GUANOS. I had intended to write this paper without the introduction of three words that are too often used?and frequently without just cause. Those words ate North, South and the War. But there are so many streams flow ing into and so many flowing out of these great reservoirs, that I find it as impossible to get along without their use, as it would be to make a study of the Bible with its Go m men - taries and Theological literature, by changing its chapters and verses into Historical methods of composi tion. The war has created an Epoch. It is a great maelstrom, into which fate seemed to have drawn us, aud when we came out of its vortex?we brought with us nothing but penury, sorrow aud want. As I stated before that chemistry had taught us the great rounds of the elements of nature?the wants of the plants and the needs of the soil, und that wo were endeavoring to bring these principles into practical ami ef fective application. But have we achieved it: Let an impoverished eountiy answer. Let the mortgages to monied monopolies and agents re ply. Let the anxious face, and ner vous manner, aud care-worn brow of the fanner tell their tale. Just be fore the war Peruvian guano was in troduced?just after the war our great phosphate beds were unearthed, holding for the agricultural interests of this country", a mine to help im prove our worn out soil. We have found that the most im portant ingredients for our plant food consists mainly of Nitrogen, Phos phoric Acid and Potash. That Nitro gen, the parent o? ammonia, is in humus?that vegetable matter gives us this. This we can get from the pea, from cotton seed and meal, and ! from the woods and stables. That I the Phosphoric acid we can get from i our phosphate beds. That the Pot j ash is largely used in the German salt, in the nitrates and in all chan nels from which this great alkali is taken. But while science?benignaut sci ence?comes to help the farmer, Shy lock stands, as a great Sphinx with his coffers full of filthy lucre, wrung largely from poverty?toil and specu lation?carefully guarding the key that opens the way to its grating hinges. Fraud?his ever ready help mate and companion, comes to his aid lull of suggestion and plea. Ex tortion is near at hand to feed and fatten. Science, with the impress of Genius stamped upon her gentle face, contemplates its great triumphs and rejoices in the great benefits to hu manity that have and will acrue from their practical v.ie. But avarice and ft aud spoils it all?by closely watch ing the means by which the poor farmer can be betrayed by high fig ures and spurious articles. Scieuce feels conscious that she has opened the womb of nature, for the benefit of humanity. But Shylock, Fraud and Avarice have impaled her ; with quiet face, but anxious air?she sur veys the situation. She finds the toilers in chains, and law is siding with the great combinations?strong in their might and fearless in their deeds?overwhelmed with anguish and the marvelous conditions sur rounding her. She calls for counsel with her family?for ehe is not alone. It is not the counsel of the Gods upon Mount Olympus, but a concert of ac tion among the great principles or forces of nature. First she summons her twin sister?the science of medi cine. She comes bearing in her jew elled chalice, ail the gifts attained of nature, to ease the pains and pangs of the world?but uirlortunate!y, trail ing behind her graceful garments, theie moves with stealth tread, the charlatan?throwing a spray of poison over her munificent charities. Then enters mechanism, or the sci ence of applicance?whose genius presides over the adapting and fitting of the forces of nature to matter? fortunately no attribute of antiquity, or of the dark ages encumbers her progress. Next i:i order, an appeal is made to the science of Law?the science of Jurisprudence, of Ethics, of Justice lie appears in stately robes, such as would have honored the forms of Ju piter or Apollo. But he is attended by an army of followers, as exponents of its great principles?Carneh'ons, legal quacks, strategists, tatooed with quibbles, exceptions, intrigue, chican oiy, incitements to strife, and barris try?each bearing on the one side a package of briefs?on the other a j pouch for their golden gains. Lastly, j but a more commanding figure than I all this noble group, comes the science of government, with form erect and features firm as adamant?but his ad vance is impeded by rings and thorny combinations and intricate labyrinths. Agriculture, before the assembled council, puts in her plea for justice and right?but to reach tin's Temple, her way is slud-.led with difficulties, and honn* encumbrances. The weight is so onerous that each giant princi ple is impaled by its surroundings. But they survey the ages of the past, and visit the homes of their respec tive births?take courage, as Paul did, and go on?aud as they look down the ages to come, they are as sured that their triumph will yet be complete. Now, I wish to be distinctly under stood before bringing into practical application the above figures, that it is not my intention to assail any of the existing conditions or institu tions in our State, nor any officer in publie, station or trust, but rather, to assault, scalpel in hand, the ulcers cropping out of society?to note these wants in our system and those im provements that would tend to the prosperity of our people. After the war the situation of out people was abnormal and peculiar? coming out of it 'in sackcloth and ashes,7 they had to rebuild their wrecks as best they could?with a National Government aud a Con gress hostile to their interests?with a labor reversed and of a diffierent race?irritated, prejudiced, estranged demoralized, with no conception of moral rules, of Government, of Law, of civilization?with no public opin ion save to secrete and to perpetrate the wrong and to suppress the right ?with no .instance in the whole cur rent of history of their ever having attamed or even appreciated the great impelling forces that carry the white man onward The Government of the State, with j all the utensils of our civilization were placed in their hands 'by the powers that be'?to ruin, to wreck and destroy what, little survived a fearful struggle?which changed val ues, changed opinions, changed ideas, changed society, broke links and crushed hopes that no future can re st?le. These dire and calamitous blows fell heavier upon the farmer than all other classes combined. It was an effort?a struggle, a battle, to | j survive From t!."se remarkable conditions, j j there has been an output of crushing j j rates of interest, which lias placed, ! and is placing the farmers between { ; the upper and nether mill stones j ! Labor and capital, or ?n tei est, and 1 ; might ad<l speculation, which is grad-1 ally drifting him farther and farther' away from prosperity and even hope, j : To which may be added adverse sea-j sons, for which they are unprepared, j While money is bearing '?> per cent, j I interest at the North, it beai s os te u- j ; sihly at the South 10 per cent. But j un dei what condition is this paid '? j The farmer is placed in the main, out- j siile of the capacity to control the | ; resuit of his own products. N< w it is certainly within the prov- j iuce of the State to have enforced j such laws, as to guard ils citizens ' from oppression and frauds. The ; means provided to protect the farmer from guano frauds and sales and weights of product, are very i nade-1 quai e, aud I kuow of no leak thai has , been greater to his purse, or which he has more severly felt. Money is a commodity, as all other articles of value. But there should be such legislation, as to promote its distribution and faciliate its circula tion, and not have directed the whole machinery of Government to protect monopolists in hoarding the capital of the country. Debts or liabilities or obligations created, should be faith fully filled. But as ulcers crop out and grow and feed iipou the breast of progress?crippling its energies and i exhausting its resources, it is the ? plain duty of the Government?as far as its power lies?to give its citizens protection, to throw around them, its shield of safeguards. The great principles evolved in the frame-work of our Government, which next to nature?is the mother of its citizens?is to give all of its indus tries, all classes, equal privileges and to guard them with the aegis of the constitution. There are further wants of the farm ing interests?they clearly need two institutions, an agricultural and me chanical college and an agricultural station. The annex to the South Carolina College should be either greatly enlarged, or a distinct institu tion established. The immense inter est at stake would seem to demand its independent action and not tram melled by annexes. We need a change ! but how are we to reach it ? The experimental station should teach this?for the country, (be it said with regret,) is too" poor to at tempt it?and besides it is incompe tent to execute it. Experiments in grasses adapted to grazing purposes and the growth of hay as a merchant able crop?in manures, in grains, in tobacco?the castor oil bean, hemp, flax, jute, fruit, grapes and wine making, silk worms and silk?and j discover and work out the industry most suitable to our wants, if there is enough left of the country, by the time we reach it, tobe of any service. I would like to dweli more upon these institutions, but time and your patience will not allow it. Any cur sory observer will see their impor tance?and I hope the State is not too poor to provide means to estab lish and maintain them?-and to do it thoroughly?fur we want no half-way business, as there is too much at stake. We now enter upon the conside ration of two others of the many crushing evils bearing heav?y upon the farmer?and through him un.m the general industries of the Country, and which tend to shackle his euer gies and throttle his enterprise. Keeping him po*r, almost to vagran cy and without a change must end in his final overthrow. When the landed property of not only this, but many splendid States, will pass into stranger hands, and the plaintive notes of the sweet p?opliet of Israel, will resound through the land that "in Rama was there a voice heard?lamentation and weeping and great mourning?Rachel weeping for her children and would not be comforted, becattse they were not," and strange, as it may seem, while they place the farmer in the coils of want?fatten and batten mo- j nopolies and ruonied power. I allude j to the tarili and National Banking S3Tstem. In times of complete peace, j we are facing oppressive war mea sures, that are grinding the farming j interests of these United States in | to the very dust and ashes, to bol ster up large monopolies and corpo rations. The people are taxed under the apparent pretext of being en abled to pay labor such wages as to place them above want. While making this plea before the country to gloss over their designs, they are importing foreign labor to conflict j with, and supplant native born citi zens. Those engaged in the late strikes and disturbances at the North I were principally Bohemians and Hun garians imported at a recent date and thoroughly impregnated with those subversive doctrines of anar chy, so ruinons to a well ordered society. Jlas it bench"tted the la borer? Ought a Government to deal in subsidies or protect any industry that cannot survive by its own elas ticity and capabilities. The doctrine is opposed to the spit it and essence of our institutions. The hoarding of hundreds of millions in the Fede ral treasury, taken from its proper j channels of circulation, makes money dear and products low. We have ? reached appalling conditions. By j pap and plunder and protection, cor- j potations have attained such proteo- j tion, as to place in jeopardy the j very principles (if our Government. J Before them free government and j universal snf?rage stand arraigned. The immense expenditures of the j war, wen; created values?a!l the j greenbacks- issued by I lie National i Government, was so much capital j .gained, and if has found its home at the North. Ail taxes to protect in dustries, manufactories, and corpora tion^7"iiiids its pillow in the Northern breast. Millions of pension money ? make its annual stream into this great basin ?.?!' capital, and the great er gains to individuals, the greater the so Hering and distress and irrita li of the masses. TJe-rc is s->m< vvhere a radical mistake io the finan cial system i,l the country. The National Banks by their char fer are emio-.ved with great privi leges They are ne!axed, white Stale hank's an.1 taxed 1() per cent. I "ni ted Slates bonds are untaxed and the interest pajil in gold, and from tin? Naticela! Banks as a financial agent, the whole 'arming inteiesls ol those United Stales is excluded. Conse quently their capital is used in other channels, and il procured f.?r lite fanner, additional value and expense is given by middlemen. In ISS.") iheir capii::! amount ed to.$."24 P9 G?2 Surplus . 140 t?o:> 40"> Hoarded by liic Treasury say..,. 300 Out) UOO Now from access to tit effe immense sums of money, the lands are ex eluded li-<>m any representation?yet they are taxed and the Banks au; not. Let us see tin? area ami value ol the farming landa of the United I States in 1880. There is every rea j son to believe that their apparent or j assessed value is now greyly iti j creased. j Their area was in 1830. 539 309 179 Valued at.$10 197 095 776 S, Car. area.... 13 535 '?31 Valued at.$5S G77 4S2 Yet the Nation taxes indirectly ! the products o?'the soil, aud the Slate [ the lands with their buildings, furui ; ture and utensils?and the farms are ! excluded, as collateral from the finan cial system of the Government. In i South Carolina, lands taxed at the ! rate of $10 per acre, when used as coi- j lateral with the view of raising money, j are pledged at one third of their ap- ; praised value. The nuraher of persons engaged in agriculture in the United States in 1880 were. 7 670 493 In Som h Carolina. 294 5o2 All other vocations. 97 500 To throw this large population en gaged in agriculture with their im mense landed property, as valued by the census to the owls and bats indi cates to me that capital is outside of the granaries of the country, and that as an interest it is impossible for it to escape?being gulped up in the maw of speculation?unless it could arrange to live by its own unaided efforts. There is probably now en gaged in agriculture by natural in crease and by immigration, near if not altogether, 10,000,000 of men. The demand of the limes is : that there should be a change, and that speedily, in our banking and financial system. The great National debt should be liquidated at the earliest practicable period?and the Banks j taxed out of existence. There is crying need of a Bank or Banking system, where landed property, as other properly can be used, as collat eral, to raise money or supplies for the farmer?and he should he lifted out of the rnud aud mire, where mo nopolists have placed h?tn Then val ues would change?and our country would blossom as the rose?and throw a fragrance over our civiliza tion?the perfume of which would go down the ages. Besides these great hoarded and inaccessible gains of the National Banks, there are hoarded constantly in the vaults of the tseasury, millions that are kept out of trade, out of commerce, and out of any practical use to the people of this country. It is ?n oppresion that should be, by the voice of the people, eliminated, and the sooner the belter. The farmer is also further throttled by the treatment of silver. There is not money enough outside of the cof fers of monopolists and the vaults of the Government to supply the actual demands of the country Debts contracted by the millions of outsiders, but producers under ex isting conditions, cannot but rarely be liquidated, and as the balls are now rolling, we may contemplate a great nation?whose institutious are based upon universal suffrage?turn ed over bound hand and foot to mo- ! ! nopolists, who will eventually hold its land and all its wealth, and they become hewers of wood and drawers j of water to monied calculation, and a deep laid strategy. It should be the daily thought?the supreme aim and purpoee of the people of the United states to change gradually, but firmly, these conditions. This paper has been written in the ! midst of many cares and business en gagements. It would have afforded me great pleasure io have given these ideas larger development, as they are, j in my judgment, entitled to all the consideration that can be given toa subject that towers above all others ! in the benefits it will bring a suffer-1 ing people?who now stand on the 'ragged edge" of financial ruin. 1 would also have taken pleasure in treating on the use of agricultu ral implements, of under-ground j draining and deep ploughing as a protection against too-much or too little rain?on the mental effort and attention and economy that farming now requires to meet with success. But 1 feel that 1 have sufSeieiitly tres passed upon your patience?and if I .have in these lines added a mere leather's weight in advancing the in terest of the farmers of this country I will have moved that faron the road to an achievement that must and will come in the emancipation of the farm ing interest, or it will surely end in permanent enslavement. Anderson County License Bill. The following is a copy of the Anderson County License Bill, which was passed by the Legislature at the session just closed : ]>e il enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State oi South Carolina, now met and sit ting in Genera! Assembly, ami by the authority of the same : Section I. That it be submitted to j a Vote of the qualified electors el - the Counties of Anderson and Lau ; rens to pass upon the question of ! license for the sale oi spirituous [ liquors within the limi;? of said ! County, or no license therefor, at a i special election to he held on ih.i I third Tuesday in August. A J) ISST, ; bet ween rue hours of ?r:<_ 111 t>Vh?ck j ! a. r:>. and four o'clock o. m. : /Vo-1 Kltlfd. I Suit no ?|.?:? i.. shall be held ! I except upon a pel ilion signed by al majority of iho owners oi real estate ' in ei?lier (Jounty in which the election j : is to he held. Thai for the purpose i : of holding s:ii.j elecri'-n, lite Comiuis I siojjeis of Klee!hots f.-r such C?un ! lies i>o authorized and ?efluired lo ! appoint a Commissioner o.J liegisti? : lion in each township, who shall i serve without compensation, and like-: wise appj,int. three (lays in which such Commissioners o? lieo ist ration ; shall register .-?li male citizen's rosi I ding in their respective precincts j over (he age of twenty-one years, arid give to them certificates of registra lien, which shall be delivered to the j Managers of Elec?-?o-ii when such voicr deposits his ballot TheCommis : siouers of Election torsaid Counties! shall give fifteen days' notice by pub [ tieaiion in one or more Coun'iy papers I of the name of such Commissioners of Registration, the days upon which and the places at which such regis tration shall be had. The books of the registration shall be open for in spection by the public, and shall be, on the day preceding the election, turned over to the Managers of Elec tion. A separate book shall be kept for each poll ; and no person shall be allowed to register or vote in such election who has been convicted of any crime which disqualifies under the Constitution, and whcis not a cit izen of the State and a resident of the County for six months preceding the election. The County Commis sione? s shall furnish the necessary [ blanks and books required herein. Sec 2. That for the purpose of j.holding said election the commission ers of Election for State and county officers, in said counties, are hereby required to appoint three Managers j of Election for each voting precinct j in the counties, and publish a list -thereof fifteen days before such elec I tien, stating the time and places of such elections, and the question to be voted upon and the form of ballot thereon as follows : Those who favor the granting of license to sell spiri tuous liquors in such counties shall vote a ballot with the words "no prohibition" written or printed there on, and those who oppose such license shall vote a ballot with the word "prohibition" written or print thereon. In cases any Manager so appointed refuses or fails to serve in such election, saTd commissioners of Election shall have the. right to ap point some other person to take the place of such Manager so refusing to serve. The Commissioners of Election shall furnish the Managers with suitable ballot boxes and the necessary stationery for conducting the election, and the said Managers shall qualify as for State elections. They shall proceed to count the bal lots as soon as the polls close, and shall lodge with the said commis sioners of Election the ballot boxes I containing the ballots and poll list, with a certified siateme.it of the re sult of the election, by two o'clock I p. m. on the day following the elee- [ tion. The Commissioners and Mau ! agers of Election sball serve without compensation in this election, but the county commissioners for such county shall, from the county funds, defray all necessary expenses incurred by the Commissioners of Election herein j ordered. Sec 3. That the commissioners of Election shall tabulate and declare the result of said election and pub lish such result in the county papers, and file a certificate thereof with the statement by precincts, in the ofHce of the Clerk of the Court for Ander son county and Laurens county, res pectively, which shall be deemed and taken to be notice to all the citizens of the said counties as to the result of the election therein. ' Sec 4z. That if the majorit}* of the electors voting in such election shall vote "no prohibition," then the coun cil of such city, town or village in such county shall continue to grant licenses for the sale of spirituous liquors under the provisions of law as now existing in such city, town or village. Sec. 5. That if a majority of the electors, voting in such election, shall vote "prohibition," it shall not be lawful for the County Treasurer or the Council of any city, town or village in such county to grant any license for the sale of spirituous, malt or intoxicating liquors. Sec 6\ That if a majority of the electors, voting in such election vote prohibition, it shall be a misdemeanor for any person, or persons, except druggists, to sell any spirituous, malt or intoxicating liquors, except domes tic wines, as now provided by law in such counties, without a municipal license, and any person violating this law, upon conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned for a term of not less than thirty days, or more than twelve months, and fiued in the discretion of the Court. Sec 7. That if a majority of the electors, voting in such election, vote prohibition, it shalhbe a misdemeanor for any person to give away, barter, or exchange spirituous or malt or in toxicating liquors in connection with any business conducted by such person in such Counties without a municipal license, and upon conviction thereof such person shall be imprisoned for a term of not less than thirty days or more than twelve months, and fined in the discretion of the Court. Ssc S. That if a majority of the electors, voting in such election, vote prohibition, it shall be a misdemeanor for any person to keep any spirituous or malt or intoxicating liquors in any room or house in said count}' m which a United States license to sell the same is pasted without a license un- j der the St ite laws also, and upon j conviction thereof such person shall be imprisoned for not less than thirty days nor more than twelve months, and fined in the discretion of the Com t. Sec !). If a majority of the voters in such election voth prohibition, it shall be the duty of every railroad agent in such counties to keep a sep arate book, in which he shall enter every barrel, keg or package of spir ituous, malt, or intoxicating liquors j received at his station by freight or by express, the date of its receipt, j the consignee, the character of spirits marked on it, and the amount con-j tained in it, which said book shall be' open to public inspection Any rail read agent neglecting to keep this i;o.>k correct I '-hall be guilty of a j misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof sha): be fined not exceeding ? two hundred dollars or imprisoned for a term of not more than two ninths, or both fined and imprisoned, I itf^he discretion of the Court. Sec 10. If a majority of said elec tors vote 'prohibition.' it shall bea. misdemeanor for any person to have any spirituous or malt or intoxicating liquor shipped to him, or her, in such counties mai keel in any way calcu lated to deceive as to its contents, and any person convicted of violating i Iiis section shall be imprisoned for j not less than thirty days nor more ! than twelve months, and fined in the j discretion o? the Court. ShC. 11. If a majority of the said I electors vote 'prohibition/ it shall bu a misdemeanor f.,r any druggist to sell any spirituous of malt or intoxi cating liquors, or any bitters com pounded by him. to evade this law, without a written prescription from a regular practicing physician in actual attendance upon a patient, which shall certify that suvh physician is at tending the person for whom the pre scription is made, the amount pre scribed, and that in the judgment of such physician the stimulant is need ed for that patient, and that the cer tificate is not given to enable the pa tient or any other person to procure such stimulant as a beverage. All such such prescriptions shall be filed to themselves, and shall be open to in spection by the police or any member of the city or town council, or by any other person interested therein. Any person violating the provisions of this Section shall, upon conviction thereof, be imprisoned'for not less than thirty days nor more than twelve months, and fined in the discretion of the Court. Sec. 12. That if a majority of the electors, voting in snch election, vote prohibition, any physician who shall give the prescription, as pre scribed in the foregoing Section, to enable any person to obtain an intox icant as a beverage, or who shall give the prescription under circumstances different from those stated in the cer- ; tificate, shall be guilty of a misde meanor, and upon conviction thereof, his name shall be stricken from the roll of physicians, and he shall not again be allowed to practice medicine in such counties, and shall be liable to fine and imprisonment in the dis cretion of the Court. Sec 13. That all Acts or parts of Acts inconsistent with the provisions . of this Act be repealed, in so far as they may interfere with the opera tions of this Act, so far as they may affect the counties of Anderson and Laureile. Our Girls. The foliowiug from Gilderoy in Wesleyan Christian Advocate is top good to pass by. Ile says : And why not let our girls and women do much of the lighter work our boys are now doing ? They can do this work just as well, or better, than any of the boys. It won't hurt our girls, won't make them le*e sensible, less modest, less religious, less prudent, less lady-like. It wilt make them healthier, wealthier, wiser, stronger, more indepeuder-t, more self-reliant, more econonimical? they will be belter women, better daughters, better wives, and mothers and better members of society every way. Girls of this kind will make good helpmeets, rather than kelpeats, when they get married. Indeed, they will take care of themselves and I not marry at all unless the boys move up a 'car length - or two.' I confess to you, Doctor, the outlook for worthy husbands is not very promising in some parts of this Country. If some of the young women marry, at all, they will bave to marry a nothing?a nobody or next thing to it. Some silly girls stick their bands in s. 'jughandle' and call it 'husband.' A nice, pure woman can't be happy in the relation of wife to a lager beer keg^sl?fr-^au't. ' A_ woman?a wife?ought to 'reverence ber husband' and she will too. She will reverence him next to God, if he is a clean, nice man worthy of it. It is against nature, against the nature of a good woman?to reverence an impure, worthless, besotted sort of man. That some good women are gentle and kind to dissipated, worth less husbands, grows out of the fact that they hope, down to the last day, that some change for the better will come over the men to whom they have tied themselves. They sit and long, and wait and pray for a change. Some of these prayers are answered while the wife lives, more are answer ed after the wife dies, and some not answered at all, neither in this world nor in the world to come. God will answer prayer, but God can't force.a moral agent. That our sons and husbands, for whom we pray, are not saved is not because God is not willing, but because they are not willing. No power in heaven, earth or hell can force the Will of a free agent?not even the power ??f God, nor the power of a good woman This is one thing that is not controlled by power. This wife is willing and anxious for her husband to be saved, and God is willing and anxious to save bim, but the husband 'will not have the man Christ Jesus to rule over him.' The trouble, the obstacle, is in the man for whom Christ died and for whom the wife prays. Too Good a Preacher. 'How do you like that new minister of yours? asked Deacon S?aggs of Elder Berry. 'I'm afraid he's too powerful. We can't stand it.' How's that?' 'Well, you see, he preached a trial sermon on salvation, and every unre pentant sinner in the audience came up and joined the church. So we engaged him. The next Sunday he preached on ' the duty of marriage, sad everp^rt?f bachelor and widower in the congrega tion hooked on to an eid maid and was married before Saturday night. He got a five-dollar foe out of every couple. But the worst came last Sunday. He preached upon the duty of giving all to the Lord, and I hope I may never die if two deacoDS didn't sprain their backs carrying around the contribution bas kets, they were so loaded down with silver. When the congregation was dismissed it was jr.st like leaving a faro bank?there wasu'r a cent in the crowd. The house had all the money. We can't stand such eloquence.' The domestication of buffalo calves is being attempted in Arkar.sas. By a law made during fio? reign <?f Henry Hi, a?l persons having tea pounds yearly income w?*re obliged, to be k-i0uled of to pay a iiuc.