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?THE SUMTER WATCHMAN, Established April. IS50. Consolidated Aug. 2, 1SS1.1 "Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at. be thy Country'? thy God's, and Truth's.' SUMTER, S. C., TUESDAY, MARCH 25, 1884. THE TRUE SOUTHRON-, E*tabli*h#-<. Jun? 1 M>f>, Kera Series- Vol. III. No. 34. m Published erery Tuesday, -BY THK Watchman and Southron Publishing Company, SUMTER, S. C. TERMS : Two Dollars per annum-io advance. ADVERTISEMENTS. .poe Square, first insertion.Si Od Bvery subsequent insertion. 50 Contracts for three months, or longer will [be made at reduced rates. All communications which subserve private interests will be charged for as advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of respect will be pharged for. Marriage notices and notices of deaths pub ished free. For job work or contracts for advertising [ddress Watchman and Southron, or anplv at ie Office, to N. G. OST E EN," Business Manager. nm POWDER Absolutely Pure. This powder never varies. A marvel of purity, strengt h and wholesomeness. More economical than the ordinary kinds, and can? not be sold in competition with the multitude of low test, short weight, alum or phosphate powders. Sold only in cans. ROYAL BAK? ING POWDER CO., 106 Wall-st.. X. V. Send 25 cent? TO THIS ? a mm am mm MB OFFICE for a copy of a mm 11 Bm m Ell neW n?rse "?ok which H U il U fiC treHt> ?' a'l diseases ? ? W B ? W of the horse, and is thoroughly illustra? ted with 65 fine engravings, snowing the posi? tions assumed by sick horses better than can be taught tn any other ?Bt mm aa mm way. It has a large Wm lill mm number of valuable L, jj ll ll la recipes, most of which m mw mw mm were originated by ? the author, and never ? before put in print, it is pronounced the best ? book ever published for the price, and some B prominent horsemen I have said they prefer-' I O -L ?? red it to books which I cost S") and S10. AGENTS WANTED. This valuable book will be presented free to ali new subscribers to the Watchman and 1 Southron who pay fo- one year ia advance, j sind also to old subscribers who pay all arrears i and a vear in advance. THE MOST SUCCESSFUL REMEDY ever ; di-oovered as it is certain in its effects and ? does not blister. Read Proof Below. From thc 'Spirit 'the Times," Dec. 22.*B3. J It is admitted there isr? great advance in | veterinary science within the past decade, yet j many will scarcely believe that a spavin cure is possible. Fortunate indeed, however, is it j for tiie poor hors*? suffering from lameness of j this kind that Kendall's Spavin Cure ha? been discovered, as it is certain iu its effects ? and has worked wonders in thousands of such j cases. Send for illustrated catalogue, giving : positive proof. al.*o for sample copy of Ken dall's Treatise on the Horse and his Diseases ; : both free. Price of the Spavin Cure, $1. Ad- ? dress Dr. B. J. Kendall Co., ProprietoiS, Enosburgh Falls, Vt. From the "Sjdrir of the Times, ' Nov. IT, 83. The successful treatment of riogboos, ! spavins, and joint lameness bas not been prevalent in the veterinary profession, but we find that Dr. Kendall has discovered a remedy for stich troubles -hat is doing noble ? work every where. This remedy is certain in j its effects, and does not blister, but it bas a; j magical effect in reducing the enlargement ! :and driving ont the lameness, as hundreds of j testimonials prove. Price Si. For sale by j .druggists everywhere, and by Dr. C. J. Ken .dall Co., Enosburgh Fails, Vt. KENDALL'S S??712T CTCE. ON HUMAN FLESH. NORTHVILLE, DAKOTA. Nov. 20. 1883. Dr. B. J Kemi ail ? Co.. De*r Sirs:-En- j closed please find J."> cts. for your book ei.ri- I tied 'A Treatise on the Horse and hi? D:s- I eases.' Yon may look for more orders in j future if it is as advertised. Your Spavin ; ('ure works wonderful with rheumatism, re- j lief is immediate, and its action permanent. . K?ery person ou^ht to have a bottle of it. j llave had no occasion to use it on my horses j yet, but too much can not he said of its re- ! rnarkable effects on human fiYsh ? used th.\t i put up for horses, and irs effects were truly \ remarkable. Please -end the books as soon j as possible and oblige. Yours truly. A E. BRO WN . Price.?' per bottle or 6 bottles ?or $5. AN ? druggists have it or can get it tor you, or 1 it will be sent t'- any address ort receipt of price by the proprietors. Dr. U.S. Kendall <v Co., Enosburgh Falls, Vt. SOLD BT ALL DBTCGISTS. ETP. KICKER & co., S?3?TEE. s. c., DEALERS IN FOREIGN AXI) DOMESTIC Liquors, Wines, Tobacco and Cigars. j M'e have cow t!ie largest and best selected j stock of ever offered in Sumter. {'ure N. C. CORN WHISKEY and pure N C. APPLE BRANDY a speciality. Try our JOHN McCCLLOCGH CIGAR and BLUE JEANS TOBACCO. Parties in need of auj* goods in our lioe will save money by giving us a call. REMEMBER THAT WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION ^ as to quality and price. MAIN STREET, one door North of Market Building-Sign of tltc Red, Pump. Feb 5 HIS MOTHER'S SONGS. Beneath the hot midsummer sun The men had marched all day, And now. bf? i de a rippling stream, Upon the grass they lay. Tiring of games ana idle jests, As swept the boors along, They called to one who mused apart, "Come, friend, give ns a song." UI fear T cannot please," he said ; "The only songs I know Are those roy mother used to sing For me long years ago.'' "Sins: one of those," a rough voice cried ; "There's none but true men here. To every mother's son of us A mother's songs are dear." Then sweetly rose the singer's voice, Amid unwonted calm : "Am I a soldier of the cross, A follower of the Lamb ? "And shall I fear to own His cause ?" The very stream was stilled, And heart? that never thobbed with fear, With tender thoughts were filled. Ended the song, the singer said, As to his feet he rose : "Thanks to you ali, my friends ; good-night ; God grant us sweet repose." "Sing us one more." the captain begged ; The soldier bent his head : Then glancing 'round, with smiling lips, "You'll join with me ?" he said. "We'll sing this old familiar air, Sweet as the bugle cal!, {A!1 hail the power of JPSUS' name, Let angels prostrate fail.' " Ah ! wondrous was the old tune's spell As on the singer sang : Man after man fell into line, And loud the voices rang. The songs are done, the camp is still ; Naught but the stream is heard ; But ah ! the depths of every soul By those old hymns are stirred. And up from many a bearded lip, In whispers soft and low, Risps the prayer the mother taught The boy long years ago. - Chicago Inter-Ocean. Bishop Bowman's Letter. Sumter-South Carolina Confer? ence. From Charleston, to Sumter, in a northeasterly direction, we saw a change in the country and the people. The land is higher and far less swampy. There are also more, and much larger clearings. The houses are larger and better. The people are evidently in better circumstances, and manifest more taste and refinement. There are still j large forests of the yellow pine, inter? spersed with a little more of other tim? ber. This section of the State is ?riven ! mainly to cotton growing, although j there are small crops of corn, oats and other grains raised. Twenty-five bushels of corn to the acre are consider? ed au extra crop ; other grains in pro? portion. One bale of cotton is regarded as a very fine yield. Cotton brings about forty dollars a bale. Mach more labor is required to cultivate an acre of j cotton here, than is necessary to take care of wheat or corn with us. Some of the plantations are managed much as they j were b^jore the war. Others have been divided, and small portions rented to be | worked on shares, or for cash. As yet we have not soon one of those grand palatial residences, or mansions as they j were called, of which we used to hear and read. It is doubtful if any existed ? except in the heated imagination of the j great admirers of the South and its pe- ! cuitar institutions. By far the larger number of dwellings in town or country, J are very inferior in taste and comfort. There are some exceptions, but. they are like those we would soe almost any? where on the farms of Illinois. This condition of things is not the result of the war. for, as yet we have seen no I place where many buildings were de- J stroyed by Sherman's army. From old j residents we have learned that things through the State generally, are much as they were before the war. The wealthier class has come down some ; but tiie poorer classes have come up considerably. Here and there small comfortable modern houses are seen But the old ones stand to tell of the past, as well as of the present. Sumter is quite an old place. Tt is named after the family of old Gen. Sum? ter of the Revolution, some of whom still live io the neighborhood. It is one of the places through which a pa>t of Sherman's army passed and indeed occupied for some time. No special damage however was done. We found ! in Sumter some families who were loyal ! to the Union and whose lives have been to danger even since the war. The country around Sumter is a little ? rolling and is cultivated better than | most we have seen. In the town and j vicinity are a goodly number of the j common people-tradesmen, mechanics, etc. When the war was begun, it is said it was difficult to get those common j people to enlist. They w<rre told, how-j ever, that there would i>" no fishtin:: ' and they would have a good time atid 1 good pay. One Congressman declared j that he would drink all the blood that would be shed In this way men were induced to enlist, when they knew well ? that the contest was in th" interests of those who cared but little for th.'tn. ; Sine" the war some of these nun. who cany the wounds received in th-; bat- ; tie. ure tabooed and ostracized, because tiiey differ from their political masters on questions of public policy ! Keb';! i soldiers, who do not agr<*y with those j now in power in the Stat'-, are not i treated as fairly and kindly as some of | the same class are in the North. We ; have heard complaints from some of I these in Sumter and elsewhere in South 1 Carolina. Rem bert Hail was not far from Sum- ! ter. This was one of the favorite stop- j ping places f'?r Mr. A shu ry as he ; traveled South to meet his conferences ! and look after the general work. The ? old mansion hil*; gone info decay, but j qtt;te a number of the family still live , in fix- neighborhood, and we were glad j to hear that nearly all of them belong | to the M iv Church South. The South Carolina Conference con- j gists of about eighty preachers, and nearly forty thousand members. The ? late session was the VM\\ since its or- \ ganizatiou though they call it the 77th. j dating back to the beginning of the first ? South Carolina Conference. They claim that they are 'the oid Mother Church ' ! Of course many of the ag<;d members i of the Church were in it before the j division in 1844. They affirm that j they never left it and were never turned out, hence they insist upon dating their origin back to the begiuning of our his tory in the State. Some of the older members of the Conference belonged to the Church South, and were employed as exhorters and local preachers among their people. One of them. Bro. Sasportas, Sr., for a time, traveled a circuit under the direction of Bishop Capers. He has been and still is a noble man. There are at least four white men in this Conference-Pr. Webster, the father of the Conference and now an excellent presiding elder; Dr. Lawrence the successful and popu? lar pastor of the CeDtenary Church in Charleston ; Drs. Cook and Duntoo who are doing fine work in Claflin Cniversi ty. Besides these there arc quite a uumber who would pass for white, if judged by the color of their skin and the general expression of their faces. Many of the preachers are quite well educated and talk and preach well. They are polite in their intercourse with each other and in society generally. Indeed they are gentlemen as well as Chris? tians. ?f? - . " -3?? s's s?e ? S?S The S^uth Carolina Conference of the M E. Church South, held its session io Sumter one week before ours. This, perhaps, will account for the fact that none of our Conference were entertained by their people. Their church was kindly opeoed to us on the Sabbath, and bv speciai request of the pastor. Bro. Chreitzberg, this writer gave them a lecture on Sunday night. This was specially grateful to us, as it was the second time we have been invited to occupy such a pulpit in our visits to our Southern Conferences. We most heartily responded to this evidence of growing good feeling. * # *fc ? # We were the guest of a family in several respects quite peculiar. Our host, Mr. Whittemore, is the postmas? ter and from Massachusetts. His wife is native to the soil and a woman of un? usual nerve and business talent. They have been blessed with two precious little girls, who, we trust, will be spared to make their future years happy. The father of the wife, Mr. Caglar, is over eighty years old-a native of the South and much the greater part of his life has been spent in South Carolina. He is a Koman Catholic and a man full of enterprise and intelligence lie was loyal to the Union during the war and is a staunch radical, as they call him. to-day. He has lived in Sumter over fifty years, and has had much to do with the growth and prosperity of thc town. Trees from two to three feet in diame? ter, which line some of thc streets aud adorn his yard, were planted by his hand. Yet this man, with many others, at election time, is 'counted nut !' But more of this hereafter. Upon the whole our recollection of Sumter and the Sou'h Carolina Con? ference will ever be pleasant. The Bad Boy and His Pa. "Come in the back room, Hennery, I want to talk with you," said the grocery man to the bad boy, as he cante in laughing and slapping his hands on his leg?. "I have heard something to-day that has hurt me as much as though you were my own boy," and thc grocery man looked as though it wouldn't take many good sized onions to make the tears come. .'Great jewhillikens, what is it," asked the bad boy, as his face sobered down at the look of pain on the face o? his mercantile friend. "What is the matter i Won't your creditors accept ten cents on a dollar V1 and the boy looked like a lawyer, ready to help a client out, and readied into a ? cinnamon bag and took out a handful of cinnamon. "No, nothing of that kind/' said the groceryman. "I have concluded not to fail. But I am told on good author? ity that you have become bad again, and that yon have been playing the meanest trick on your pa that you have ever played. The minister told me he was coming in from a country funeral the other day, and he overtook your pa on the road with a gun, and asked him to get in and ride, and your pa's pants were all torn, his boots and gun full of snow, and he was so scared that he kept looking around all th? way to town, expecting to be shot in the back Now, what kind ol a way is that to treat the author of your be? ing 't Say, you will have a through ticket to the bad place, and your train will leave on sceduie time, and arrive at the grand centrai depot in Hades, just as the fire is kindled. You bad, bad, boy. I have been proud of you. and thought you would come out all tight, but now I kfiow you are a hyp? ocrite." "There, there, don't put on any ex tra sadness/' saul tlx.- boy, as lie quar- ? te red an orange. "Fa is all ri Jit. j He wanted us to stir him up. You j see, since I have been good, pa has j been neglected, and ht; has become j sour, and his clothes don't lit. Ile j told ma that what he wanted was ex- j ritement, and he liad got t<< have it. He said wheo the* boys were playing \ things on him. and making him scratch ? gravel, ami he Celt as though a house i was going t:? ' ill on him rveiy min- j nt<-, he enjoyed himself, had .a good j appetite, and felt equal to tiny ern er- j gency, but since the- boys hail become | good, ami let him alone, his life was ? a binden, he had failed in business,1 and everything went wrong, ami un- j less there was a change soon, ho would j lose his mind. Ile said he sighed for the obi times, when he didn't know whether ie' was afoot ora horseback, and when something washable to hap- I pen every minute. Ile said lie was ? brought up to bc surprised, ami fall | through holes; and to have everything Stop; and to lead a quiet life, and just j eat, drink ami sleep, with rio cy-j clones, m? happy laughter o? ".children j raising the deuce, was more than lie j could beal. Ma t . > ? i ? UK; about it. and the state of mind pa was in, and 1 felt j sorry for pa. Ma told me to try ami j think up something that would sorter j wake up pa, or he would relapse into j a state of melancholic, and have to ! hire a doctor. I told my chum pa's ! case, and ho said it svas too bad to see ! a man suffer that way, and we must ? do something to save pa's lile. So j we agreed to take pa out. rabbit inuit. : ing. I asked pa if he didn't want to j go with us, and he jumped light up ; and yelled, and said it would tickh him half to deatli to go. I told hin j where there was a pla^c about foti ' railes out of town, where there wai j dead loads of rabbits, but the mai that owned the farm drove everybody off. Pa said there couldn't no ma; drive him off, and for us to come on Well you'd a dide. Pa wasn't afrai< of anybody, until the man hollered tc I him to git. You see, we went out fcc j the farm, and stationed pa by lh( fence, and my chum and me went tc the other side of a piece of woods, tc scare rabbits toward pa. Then wc went up to the farm house, where i man lived that we know, and told hin: we wanted to scare a man out of his 1 boots, and he said all right, go ahead So we borrowed some farmers clothes and old plug hats, and went around behind the barn and yelled to pa tc get off that farm. Pa said he come out to hunt rabbits, and by gosh he was going to hunt rabbits. Then my chum and me started toward pa, wa? ding through the snow, and pa thought we were grown men, seven feet high. When we got about twenty rods from pa we told him to 'git', and he was going to argue with us, when we pulled np our guns and fired both bar? rels at him. We had blank cartridges, but pa thought he felt shot striking ?lim everywhere, and he started for a barbed wire fence, and we loaded our guns again and fired just as pa got on the fence, and he yelled murder. You know these barbed wire fences, don't you ? The barbs catch on your pants aud hang on. Well, pa got caught by the pants, and couldn't get over, and we kept firing, and he drop? ped his gun in the snow, and tried to tear the fence down, and he kept yell? ing, 'For mercy's sake, gentlemen, spare my life. I don't want any of your rabbits/ I got to laughing so I couldn't shoot and I laid down in a snow bank, and my chum kept shoot? ing. Pa finally got off the fence and burrowed in a snow bank ; and held up a piece of his shirt, which the fence tore off, for a flag of truce, and we quit, and he stuck up his head and saw me laying there on the snow, and pa thought his gun had went off and killed one of the farmers, and my chum said, 'Great hevings, you have killed him.' At that pa grabbed Iiis gun and run for the road, and started for town, and that's where the minister overtook him. Along toward night me and my chum came home with four rabbits, and we told pa he was a pretty rabbit hunter to leave before the rabbits got to running, and that we looked all around for him. Ile looked surprised, and asked us if we struck any corpses around on that farm, and I thought I should bust. We told him we didn't see any, and then he told us that he was standing there waiting for rabbits, when a gang of about fifteen roughs came and or? dered him away, and he refused to go. Ile said they oponed fire on him, and he threw himself into a hollow square, the way they used to do in the army, threw up intrenchments of snow, and defended himself, and when he was fi? nally surrounded and had to retreat, he saw the ground covered with dead and wounded, and he expected he had wiped out an entire neighbor? hood. Ile said it was singular we didn't see any corpses. 1 asked him how lie tore his pants, and he said the gang shot them all to pieces. Then we told him of the joke we had played on him, and how we fired blank cartridges at him as he was trying to get over the fence, and lie tried to laugh but he couldn't. He was inclined to be mad at first, but finally he said this was more like bus? iness, and he hadn't felt as well before since we initiated him into the ma? sons, an I we could play anything on him, and do anything we chose ex? cept let him alone. So you see I am not so bad as you think. Pa enjoys it, and so does my chum and me. Eli ! old rutabaga, do you see V1 "Oh, yes, that is all right if your pa likes that kind of fun, but if you was my boy I would maul you till you couldn't stand." Just then a big cannon firecracker that the boy had lit and laid on the floor exploded and the groceryman wont out the back door bareheaded while the boy went out of the front door whistling, "Be sure and call me early, for I'm to be queen of the May."-PecFs Sun. Murdered by her Sister. Coffee County Ala. is still greatly excited over the murder of one sister by another. Two young sisters, who had been for several years bells in their town, married a Mr. Harvey and Mr. Hughes, two of the wealthiest planters in the County, whose posses? sions adjoined each other. Here {lie sisters kept up the intimacy of their childhood and became the mollets of interesting families. On last Thurs? day morning. March lo, Mrs. Harvey called upon Mrs. Hughes, had a pleas? ant visit, and. kissing her: sister good? bye, turned homeward. She left the ?ato open, and one ol her cows enter- ; ed the yard. Mrs. Hughes drove the animal oin. striking it on the back with a stick Mrs. II arv ry, win? saw the action from the door-step <.{ her own house, ran in and immediately reappeared willi a butcher knife, and ran at full speed toward the house of Mrs. Hughes. The latter went for? ward to meet her sister, not suspect? ing the woman's purpose "Oh, your blood will pay for this, . sis,'" said Mrs. Harvey as she ran up. " I 'll show you whet hoi y on may aloise a pour dumb bruie." There was then a desperate strug- , gb: between the women. Suddenly Mr?. Harvey, grasped bel sistei around the waist, plunged the blade m?o her heart. The woman's head jell back, and she fell out of her sis tei s arm dead. The son of the dead woman ran np to protect his mother, only to timi her dead The infuriated woman, mining upon l im exclaimed : "You whelp, I'll give you what I've given your ma," and i m med i at o ly she gave lorn a slash across the shoul? der and then cut at him wildly, inflict- ? ing altogether about twenty wounds. The bo}' screamed with tenor and pain, and neighbors ran to his assist? ance. 1 Thc woman sprang up like ene mad, and. holding up the knife, defied airest. The men ?lowly closed ! around lier. One of them slipped be? hind her back and caught her, while another grasped lier hand, as she vainly endeavored to cut at her cap? tor behind. She was finally tied with ropes before she could be subdued, j As two men lifted the body of trie j dead woman to carry it into the house I the murderess, coming to a sense of I what she had done, cried bitterly : j "My poor, dear sister ; oh, what: possessed me lo ?io this deed?" Mrs. Harvey was at once taken to the County jail at Elba, where she j will be held. No reason can be as? signed for the act except mad frenzy. [From the Cotton Plant.] The Labor Question. Editor Cotton Plant : I have been wishing for a long time to supplement what I had to say OD the "Labor Ques? tion," iu the Essay prepared at the re? quest of the State Grange and State Agricultural Society, last summer, and published in your September number; but the feeble condition of my health prevented me from doiog so earlier. Of course, in au Essay intended simply to open the field for a full oral discus? sion, it would have been out of taste j and propriety, for me to have done I more than sketched tho outlines of my theme, that others might enter in and follow out t.htf hints and suggestions in rr o their details and ramifications. Those of your readers, however, who exam? ined the Essay with any care at all, must have discovered that the burden of thought throughout, was, that the | white men of the South must, as a gen- J eral rule, rely upon their own persoual ; exertions, instead of upon negro labor, or immigrant labor, for a successful conduct of their farming operations. It was to white men that I was speaking, aod my earnest, endeavor was to present ? plainly what I conceived to be the share ; they are contributing to the poverty ' and destitution of the country. I was ! persuaded then, and become more strengthened and confirmed in this con? viction, by every day's additional thought upon thu subject, and every day's occurrences around us, that our financial troubles down South, i. e. the lack of prosperity here, arises from two causes, to wit: 1st The inability of the white man to lalor for himself. '2d. The inability of the black man to think for himself. And the end of our trou? bles will not be reached until white men. as a rule, cease to depend upon the black men for their labor and learn ! to use their heads and hands at the same time, as white farmers do in all ? other sections, of the country, except | that formely covered by thc institution i of slavery. Under that institution the j white mau did all the brain-work, the | black man all the manual labor. Oue ! made no use of his bone and muscle the other no use of his mind, in the j conduct of the plantation. Each class, \ therefore, acquired a one-sided educa? tion, as farmers. The institution last? ed for generations, and thereby this ed? ucation became deeply fixed, and strongly fortified. All of our people, white aud black, now over 30 years of agc were born and reared under its in? fluences. When the revolution came, in this system, how did it come? As changos of this kind generally come ? I Not a bit of it! It did not work itself out among us ; did not grow up. so to 11 to speak, from causes within, naturally and gradually-but it was enforced from without, violently and suddenly. The cons?quence* followed, "as night the day." Neither ' lacks nor whites could adapt themselves to the changed relations between them, at once. In fact they could neither understand fully thc exact nature and extent of au order of things with which they were totally unacquainted, much less judiciously and promptly yield to its requirements. Naturally enough they both attempted something like the old system under which they had so long lived and work? ed, whenever they attempted to work at all. But one disaster has followed an? other, thick and fast, wherever that system, or anything distantly akin to it, has been adopted. We have found as our scriptural friends found in days of old. that we canuot safely put "new wine into old bottles." "The generous new wine" of freedom, cannot be held io the old bottles of slavery. And the more quickly we discover this fact and act upon it the better for us. That the lesson will finally be thoroughly learn? ed in the hard school of experience there can can be no doubt. For it is as vain now as ever "to kick against the pricks/' This system we cannot alter, but we can greatly better our condition under it, by looking for its true import. j The black man, I fear, will never as a general rule, acquire habits of fore? thought, "care foi the morrow." and j intelligent and economical methods of I carrying on his farming operations, and for thoo, he must now look solely to himself. Iii- failure or inability to do these, has so far. made him a drag upon the Star>\ and of little service to j himself. Not having the mind nf the i white mau to direct and control his labors, they have been in a great meas- | ure wasted. The whiff man on the j other hand, in many, many instaures. J bas stubbornly resisted the force and j influence of the free system, and just, so far as In- has resisted, lo- has suffered. ! Hi- has beeu wasting his mental and | morai energies HI the vain attempt to control aud direct tho negro labor I be j pains and penalties oj Ins non-compli- j ance with the inexorable requirements id mn present industria! arrangements fall not. upon him ahme, but upon his State. His brain and moral forces j have bren ot nu service to lum or to \ his country, .-ince tin- war. The negro's j muscle and bone have been equally as unserviceable. Is it surprising, then, i that wi" heat the civ of ** J'overly"- ! "Costitution"-"Want." on every j hand ? It. takes heads as well as hands, j to make prosperity on farms. And they : must work together, to the same end. or | they had as well not work at all. Now j the white man's head, and the black ; dian's hands were permanently divorced hy Mr. I? t> col n's proclama lion of free? dom, some years ago. And no power | can ever unite them again. They : move wider aud wider apart every day, I ; as naturally "as the spark? fly up j wards.'' Kare instances of their union ; prove nothing. And our poverty will ] grow greater and greater every day, j uutil we recognize the potency of the j new order of things. Soon the negro j will be driven by want, to seek em ? ployrnent anywhere he can find it, and thereby be scattered to the four ends of the earth. White men will then have I to come down, without preparation to what they might now be titting them? selves for. The departure of the negro will be no evil-but the greatest of ail blessings to our country, because it will terminate finally the uuhappy effort to carry on the slave system of labor un? der free institutions. White men can do here, as white i men have done in other section* of the globe, too numerous to mention. They can work with their bodies and brains at the same time, and have trained bodies and trained brains, belonging to one ' ce and the same person. Southern minds are no whit superior to Northern and ! Western minds, where this system of | every farmer working with his own f hands as he directs, and thereby much I better directs others how to work aud j what to do. Our young men must be I educated to work on their farms with j their own hands or they will assuredly bave, in a few years, to surreuder those I farms to those who have learned to do i just such work, in other States and in other countries. They had better address themselves ? at once to thc question of how to reduce ? human labor (their own personal labor) ; to a minimum, and raise machine work ? to a maximum. These "labor-doing machines'' (as Daniel Webster once termed them, with striking felicity) will "clo" more for our prosperity than all the negro, or immigrant labor that we can rake together. Wc are in a position (those of us who now occupy and own the splendid lands of this State) to acquire unexampled riches, if we will only go to work ourselves and make them. If we don't, others are coming who will. Our women should seek, and have every convenient and labor-saving household arrangement, and do their own household work, hiring only "a little help" .in wash days, &c. Our men should have both eyes wide open to find "labor-doing machii.es" to per- j form their field work, hiring only "a ? little help'' during harvest season : or i by combination, one farmer with a o otb- j er, this pressure can be relieved, ma- J nuring without stint, every acre planted, trii/i n manure spreader, of course planting grains and grasses that need only to be planted, manured and har? vested-raisin?; stock, that with a little judicious fencing and guarding can be made to gather their owu feed in a great part, &c, &c., Sec. T could go on, but your space and my strength are almost exhausted. .Jons J. DARGAN. Stateburg. S. C., Jan. 2">. 18S4. What Our Editors Say. G rt em-ii! c Xnn. We are afraid that the zeal of Mr. Tildeu's admirers is decidely ititempe- j rate. They are bringing him out en- j tireiy too early in the year. Thc buds, even in thc Sunny South, have scarce- j iy begun to burst, and the signs of ? spring are far too few to lead the an? cient gentleman upon the track while the lingering, chilly blasts of winter sweep over us. The elderly citizen of New York will catch his death of cold, aud theu the dear little boomlet into which the Son (of New York) has been trying to infuse life, will burst and the damage can not be easily repaired. Pensions for Mexican Veterans. Edge?eld Advertiser. The late passage of the Mexican Veteran pension bill by the National ; House of Representatives is a matter of j wide-spread congratulation throughout the South. It passed by an over? whelming majority, evincing a return? ing sense of justice on the part of Northern Republicans towards these long neglected old soldiers. The bill gives each veteran ?S per month. As j regards the widows of Mexican veter- ! ans. it {jives a pension only to such as were married at the time of thc war. This we are sorr}' to see. and earnestly hope the Senate will so amend it as to help all widows of soldiers who served in Mexico. There seems to be but lit tlc doubt that the bill will be passed by the Senate and signed by the Presi? dent. In our couti ty there are but few of these veterans still living. We call to mind Gen. R. G. M. Donovan t, and Messrs. Jeff Whitaker, Robert Kenny, Wm. Burrell, Tom Anderson. Richard Key and Adam Fcagle. Of widows, J we know of but one who would be en- j titled to the pension uuder the bill as ! if. now stands. This is Mrs Martha ! Brooks, the widow of the late Hon. j Preston S. Brooks. Wilmington Morniivj Stxr. Mr. Morris.':) hats determined to refer his Tariff bili to a Democratic] caucus. That is what the Stir sug- j gested. Let Uanda!) and t!.e <-ther ? marplots who follow his lead be fi teed to show their hand. Mr Morrison has been anxious to avoid a split and has yielded much, perhaps !?>.? much . If there is to be an open revolt itt it come. It is lune that th?; 1 V in..era;.', knew who can be relied upon among it* j professed adherents, A special t.. the Neu V..-!; Il,. dd dated t?o 1 !;!, inst . says : 'If however, the bill is fir^t con>id ered by a Democratic caucu>and ad. ff rd b\ it as a part} iiie..sure. (or who !, all members <.' the party mus! vol. . it i>. confidently nu dieted l>\ ?lo1 Tarnet - Mollison men that Mr. Ka mia H's fifty men will dwindle to ti.? mere than twenty at the tittn??st The caucus will undoubtedly be an interesting meeting The Tari IF-reformers have a birgt: ma j jority in caucus. They eau make the Morrison bill a party measure i! they wish, and they are just now determined to do so at all hazards --. An Early Campaign Lie. Fairfield Xor.* ,ivd lhr.tld. A few days ago :i special from Washington to the Chicago Tr ?hu ne stated that, one of thc Republican Sen otors who was a member of thc Copiah j investigating committee which sat in ? New Orleans, declared thar, ar, one of thc bails given during rhe Mardi Gras 1 festivities Jefferson Davis with bis j daughter, the ?laughter ot Genera] Lee. General Longstreet and other noted j Confederate Generals, sat in a box j which was draped with Confed?rete flags : that a floral sword decorated with Confederate colors, and addressed 'To the President,' was presented to the occupants of the box and was ac? cepted. The Senator who furnished this remarkable information said it did not look very much like Reconstruction to him, but thought that in some other countries ir. would bc called .treason.' The New Orleans Times-Democrat tears this lying dispatch to pieces thu* : We doubt if there be a single truth? ful sentence in this whole telegram. It is true the daughters of General Lee were there, but not that the daughter of General Longstreet was with them It is also true that the box was draped, but not true that it was draped with Confederate flags. It is true Mr. Jef? ferson Davis was in the box, but it was also true that Admiral Cooper of the United States Navy, wa5, with his wife, in the box with him. It is true that a floral sword was presented, but it is not . true that it was presented to Mr. Davis It is true that the sword bore a legend. ' but utterly and absurdly false that the legend read : 'To the President.' The \ simple truth is that the presentation ' was nothing more than a tribute of re? spect- and affection from General Lee's soldiers to General Lee's daughters. It bore the inscription 'The Sword of Lee,' and possessed no earthly significance , beyond that which appeared upon the , surface. It was designed to tell the ' orphaned daughters of a brave and hon? orable gentleman that his old comrades j held his memory in love and reverence. \ The human being who could misuuder stand or misrepresent a demonstration so innocent and so beautiful must be base indeed, and we do not envy Sena- . ators Cameron. Hoar and Frye, among ; whom the odium seems to be distrib? uted. We believe all three of these patriots and gentlemen were invited to the ball, and therefore, the one who gave the alleged information had the j opportunity, at least, of knowing that it was utterly and unqualifiedly false both in substance and intention. As thc Charlotte Observer pointedly puts it, 'the era of lying has begun now.' and in the course of the approach- ; ing campaign we may expect many such stories as that maliciously told o? the ; New Orleans people. The Radicals have about exhausted their supply of campaign thunder, and must needs set about the task of laying in anew stock. .-- tmjm Berkeley Items. There arc very few people in this county who have any improved stock ut all. 1 do not know of n Jersey cow any whore. There are a few Berkshire hog's omi now and thoo a Poland Chi? na. Tho old stock of bogs seems to suit the swamp. They thrive well there, and with very little attention almost any one can make his own meat, and plenty to sparc. Indeed I have not witnessed such sights as I have seen this winter since tin* war closed. One matt, living just below me bas cured 2?00 pounds cl* meat which, he says, bas not cost him three ? cents per pound. All around the smoke house is a shelf about four feet high and on this shelf tho lard vessels set-all well filled till there is room . for no ?nore. It would astonish you , to see th?; amount of soap, just as good j as any you can buy, the ladies make from what they call bad grease : This is all in the smoke house of a one horse farmer. Some of thc hoirs at a . year old weighed from WO to 150 lbs. and had never eaten a grain ot' corn. The ovcrcup acorn seems to produce fat better that) corn or any other kind . of food. My nearest neighbor has ; cured 4000 pounds of bacon, and has now several hogs from 2 to 6 years old in ibo swamp that Ito expects to get. This gentleman lias now 75 bead of hogs in one bunch, besides several other bunches of 25 to 50 head. If yon ask him if it is any trouble to i raise bogs be will tell you yes, but not half as much as to raise cotton to buy bacon, and ?Io without sausage and back botte through the winter, and hog jowl and turnip in the Fall. But I think with improved stock of every kind introduced here atol a lit? tle care anti attention the business of stock raising; would be verv profita? ble. Since I began writing those articles one of my neighbors has placed into my hands a pamplet which was writ? ten for the Black Oak Agricultural Society by Mr. Samuel PuBoseofSt. Stephens. He was tho oldest inhabi? tant in the parish at the time of wri? ting this pamphlet. He was a schol? arly gentleman and a man of much in? fluence among th" po.-plo here. Al? low me to quote some things oj inter? est from litsc pamphlet, which was printed at tin: request <.! the above named society, "lt? the year It?Sl*. a coloin "I Kreuch Huguenots, number? ing about ISO families arrived in Car? olina, settled tm mselves on the San tee. it: St James" Parish and called their town .lames' Tow ir. l'heii purchase of lands was ...made from the toi nierons '.ami warlike Ti ibo o' hitit ins called the Salitres. With these pee pie liiey lived in remarkable friend? ship. They cultivated the S";l t"i' theil immediate necessities * Naval stores wore a profitable and healthy pursuit to those who were advantageously localed, and Warb o afforded, a convenient landing For? tuno weir made hy those who engag? ed in the business with attention anti judgment. In the course ol a lew veals many ol the descendants ol the e< lony finding the i i'Vei swamp lands higher up. in whal afterwards became St. Stephens Parish lo be suter from freshets, gradually bought lands, am) moved up to the whole extent t>t the Parish, until it became the in??st dense? ly populated portion ol the Stale out? side ol ( ballest?n The entire swamp j was in like mannet' populated with . slaves. : "At this time rice began to be cul j ti vated as a crop : at first on high batid and on little spots ol'low ground, as ? they were met with here and there. These low grounds being found to agree b>-U?'i with the plant, the inland swamps were cleared for the purpose of extending the culturo. Few plan? ters failed of acquiring ari indepen? dence, and many made fortunes large for the times and circumstances Among the planters most successful at this business was Fetor Sink?er, who without any property, with which to begin life, went daily with his hoc cake and axe to his labor. At his death about lb years afterwards, he left for his children, three valuable plantations and upwards of 300 slaves. His household furniture was valued at $12,000." From the history given UP nf the people who settled and worked here years ago I gather that they were full of zeal and enthusiasm. There was much to embarass them but they pressed on over disasters and distress to which they were sub? ject by the circumstances surrounding them until they became the most pros porous people in the State ol' South Carolina. The belt of land bordering on the Santec River, through the whole extent of the Parish of St. Ste? phens, was the garden spot of the en? tire country. The lauds were not sub? ject to high and sudden freshets, hi many places a breadth of three or four miles of swamp or river land as fertile as the slime of the Nile could have made it, is sale for cultivation. The banks of tire river were thickly lined with the residences of as prosperous a people as ever en joyed the blessings of God. With their poultry yards teeming with a well led population, and the pastures of crab grass and cane, pouring into the daiies streams? of the richest milk from the lowing: herds of fat cattle-Swine in abun? dance, and countless fish of the fines!: quality from the exhaustless river, nothing was wanting to fill up the measure of the peoples' comfort. Here now is that land of Goshen, a second Egypt, waiting for >ther hands to come and reap the ri h harvests that await their honest : ?il. Before the eye is spread, nature in all her beauty-here the noblest of American forest trees iii all the perfection which prospenty can develop-here a noble placid river is liowing, on the other side the willows droop into the gli? ding current ; on th is side the husband? man, nature and art co-operating to produce as rich a prospect, as ever caused the eve of the agriculturist to dance with hope. Such is the country that attracted the attention of so many of our lin geunot ancestors, it is decidedly a i poor mams country. They tell you it \ is sickly but let me say it is all a de ! lusion. A gentleman, who has prac I ticed medicine here for a number of years told me that the settlers here ! were not subject to any lingering fe? vers or diphtheria such as the inhabi ; tauts of other parts of South Carolina 1 know, that he had never had more than two or three cases of Typhoid fever in till his practice. The people who are here now are, as a general thing poor, because they had to start after the war with a good deal less than nothing. But ali ol them make their corn at.d bacon. The country needs schools and relig? ious advantages-but cit:"'-::* ate coming in rapidly and soon there will be plenty of schools and churches. Any poor man who wants a good home cheap is invited to see for him? self. The country will bear inspec? tion. FINCH. St. Stephens, S. C. News and Gossip. Tn Cincinnati it is understood that whilst Payne pretends he is not a can? didate for the Presidency, he is a can? didate and is almost dying to get the nomination. The Catawba oil mill at Chester, which was partially destroyed by the cyclone, j* being repaired, and, it is ex? pected, will bo io operation by April 1st. Tho depot at Kiehburg, on tho Cho raw and Chester Railroad, was burned tho '27th ult., with its entire contents, consisting of groceries, genera; mer? chandize, machinery, cotton, <?c.. Groat numbers of colored people arc going from Florida aud South Carolina to Texas. Senator Edmunds thinks Texas will become a Republican State as soon as it is properly fenced. A battle raged all of Friday near TrinVitat, Egypt; between British force and the rebels, the latter wore finally repulsed attora thousand of thous had been killed : tho Briti>h loss was twenty-four killed and 14*2 wounded. A singular nocido ' happened lately nt a mill in Xashvil' . Tenn. A work? man was thrown t. - ard a circular saw and thinking ho would strike it. died from flieh*- When pi.-ked np ho was doa 1. but there was no sign of a bruise en Iiis body. BobToombs says that Wendell Phil? lips was 'an infernal machine sot to music.' Toombs and Phillipa wore representative typos of rho two extrcrao schools of politics in IS?.?'1 tho ono a wo i secessionist, tho other a fanatical abo! itienist Wi?*"ins :.- on deck again, with a tor ri'fno storm in tow, which ho wo! cut loose on ;)... li'th dav of Marc!:, 'i 'nore is a pointer f< r people who like early pic nies. Cheese that dav. lr is not often that one has stich a chance for hilting .m a tine dav so far in advance -/W f{, rsl iirC'.izrtt, The DeKalb House has boon thorough!v renovated, refur? nished and beautifully repainted, and is now opened to the public as will bo x-en by reference: to our advertising column's Mr d X. Xioholson is now thc proprietor l?o Ins been engaged in hotel keeping for a number of years. A whale was recently blown ashore on the Scottish coast during a vu?.ont storm As soon as thc reeded it was opened an.i found to contain : wan who still showed signs of life. He was taken ont and given a sea bath, but his breath would not come back Tho digestive juices in the whale's stomach had begun to act on his skin, large portiou of which bad become sof* 4 and slimy .*