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AMERICAN SUGAR1 SENT TO FRANCE American Price Rigidly Regulates by United States Food Administration. CONSUMERS HERE PAT yo, Sugar Co?t 35 Csnts a Pound Ourin| Civil War?Refiners' Profits Now Curtailed. Sugar la selling today throughout America at from 8*4 to 9 cents a pound to the consumer, even though there la a world shortage which hai redueod this nation's sugar allotment i to 70 per cent of normal. Through the efforts of the United States food administration the sugar j market has been regulated as far as' the producer, refiner and wholesaler | >s concerned. The food administration j has no power to regulate retail prices except by public opinion. Even though more than 85,000 tons of sugar have ?*. f- been shipped to France In the last four months the retail grocer's sugar price is around 8 to 8ft cents. Hel should sell this sugar at 8% to 9 cents, the food administration believes, and asks the American housewife to pay no more than this amount. Last August when the food administration was organized the price of sugar rose suddenly to 11 cents a pound. During the Civil War sugar cost the consumer 35 cents a pound. By regulation of the sugar market and reducing the price to and 9 cents and keeping It from advancing to 20 cents the food administration has saved the American public at least $180,000,000 In four months, according to a statement made by Herbert Hoover the other day. "It Is our stern duty to feed the allies, to maintain their health and strength at any cost to ourselves," Mr. Hoover declared. "There has not been, nor will be as we see it, enough sugar for even their present meagre and depressing ration unless they send ships to remote markets for It If we In our greed and gluttony force them either to further reduce their ration or to send these ships we will have done damage to our abilities to win this war. "If we send the ships to Java for 250,000 tons of sugar next year we will have necessitated the employment of eleven extra ships for one year. These ships?If used In transporting troops?would take 150,000 to 200,000 men to France." Reason for World Shortage. As Mr. Hoover pointed out, the United States, Canada and England were sugar Importing countries before the war, while France and Italy were ? ? ?!? a?lf iinnnrtlnar. The main sources of the world's sugar supply was Germany and neighboring powers, the West Indies and the East Indies. German sugar Is no longer available, as It Is used entirely In Germany, which also absorbs sugar of surrounding countries. England can no longer buy 1,400,000 long tons of sugar each year from Germany. The French sugar production has dropped from 760,000 to 210,600 tons. The Italian production has fallen from 210,000 tons to 76,000 tona Thus three countries were thrown upon East and West Indian sources for 1,025,000 tons annually to maintain their normal consumption. Because of the world's shipping shortage the allied nations started drawing on the West Indies for sugar; East Indian sugar took three times the number of ships, since the dl?tance was three times as great. Suddenly the west was called on to furnish and did furnish 1,420,000 tons of sugar to Europe when 300,000 tons a year was the pre-\var demand. The allies had drawn from Java 400,000 tons before the shipping situation became acute. "In spite of these shipments," Mr. Hoover stated the other day, "the English government in August reduced :he household sugar ration to a basis ?f 24 pounds per annum per capita. And in September the French government reduced their household ration to IS 2-10 pounds a year, or a bit over 1 ponnd of sugar a month. Even this meagre ration could not be filled by I the French government it was found early in the fall. America was then asked for 100.000 tons of sugar and succeeded in sending 85,000 tons by December 1. The French request was granted because the American household consumption was then at least 55 pounds per person, and it was considered the duty of maintaining the French morale made our course clear." Today the sugar situation may be summarized by stating that If America will reduce its sugar consumption 10 to 15 per cent this nation will be able to send 200,000 more soldiers to rroitc. Sugar today sells at seaboard refineries at $7.25 a hundred pounds. The wholesale grocer has agreed to limit his profit to 25 cents a hundred plus freight, and the retail grocer is supposed to take no more than 50 cents | ? hundred pounds profit. This regu- ! lation was made by the food administration, which now asks the housewife to reduce sugar consumption as much to possible, using other sweeteners, and also reminds her that 6he should pay no more than 9 cents a pound for; sugar. Contre! of Cane Refiners' Profits. "Immediately upon the establish-: ment of the food administration," Mr. l Hoover said, "aa examination wu made of the costs and profits of refining and It was finally determined that the spread between the cost of raw and the sale of refined cane sugar should be limited to $1.80 per hundred pounds. The pre-war differential had averaged about 8fi cents and Increased costs were found to have been Imposed by the war In Increased cost of refining, losses, cost of bags, labor, insurance, Interest and other things, rather more than cover the difference. After prolonged negotiations the refiners were placed under agreement establishing these limits on October 1, and anything over this amount to be agreed extortionate under the law. "In the course of these Investigations It was found by canvass of the Cuban producers that their sugar had, daring the first nine months of the past year, sold for an average of abont ?4.24 per hundred 1 o. b. Cuba, te ?l,-k ?n<1 fratstif additd tft the WIIK U UUL.t auu Ai _ refiners' cost amount to about $3.06 per hundred. The average sale price of granulated by various refineries, aocording to our investigation, was about $7.f>0 per hundred, or a differential of $1.84. "In reducing the differential to $1.80 there was a saving to the public of 34 cents per hundred. Had such a differential been In use from the 1st of January, 1P17, the public would have saved In the first nine months of the year about $24,800,000." Next Year. With a view to more efficient organization of the trade In Imported sugars next year two committees have been formed by the food administration: L A committee comprising representatives of all of the elements of American cane refining groups. The principal duty of this committee Is to divide the sugar Imports pro rata to their various capacities and see that absolute justice Is done to every refiner. 2. A committee comprising three representatives of the English, French and Italian governments; two representatives of the American refiners, with a member of the food administration. Only two of the committee have arrived from Europe, but they represent the allied governments. The duties of this committee are to determine the most economical sources from a transport point of view of all the allies to arrange transport at uniform rates, to distribute the foreign sugar between the United States and allies, subject to the approval of the American, English. French and Italian governments. t This committee, while holding sirong views as to the price to be paid for Cuban sugar, has not had the final voice. This voice has rested in the governments concerned, together with the Cuban government and I wish to state emphatically that all of the gentlemen concerned as good commercial men have endeavored with the utmost patience and skill to secure a lower price, and their persistence has reduced Cuban demands by 15 cents per hundred. The price agreed upon is about $4.60 per hundred pounds, t o. b. Cuba, or equal to about $6 duty paid New York. "This price should eventuate," Mr. Hoover osld, "to about $7.30 per hundred for refined eugar from the refiner* at seaboard points er should place eugar in the hand* of the oonsumer at from /t to cents per pound, depending upon locality and conditions of trade, er at from 1 to 2 cents below the prleee of Auguet last and from onehalf to a cent per pound cheaper than today. "There la now an elimination of speculation, extortionate profits, and in the refining alone the American people will save over $20,000,000 of the refining charges last year. A part of these savings goes to the Cnban, Hawaiian, Porto Rlcan and Lousianlan producer and part to the consumer. "Appeals to prejudice against the .food administration have been made because the Cuban price Is 34 cents above that of 1917. It Is said in effect that the Cubans are at our mercy; that we could get sugar a cent lower. We made exhaustive study of the cost of producing sugar In Cuba last year through our own agents in Cuba, and we find it averages $3.39, while many producers are at a higher level. We found that an average profit of at least a cent per pound was necessary In order to maintain and stimulate production or that a minimum price of $4.37 was necessary, and even this would stifle some producers. "The price ultimately agreed was 23 rents above these figures, or about onefifth of a cent per ponnd to the American consumer, and more than this amount has been saved by our reduction in refiners' profits. If we wish to stifle production in Cuba we could take that course Just at the time of all times In our history when we want production for ourselves and the allies. Further than that, the state department will assure you that such a course would produce disturbances In Cuba and destroy even our present supplies, but beyond all these material reasons Is one of human justice. This great country has no right by the might of Its position to strangle Cuba. "Therefore there Is no Imposition upon the American public. Charges have been made before this committee that Mr. Rolph endeavored to benefit the California refinery of which he was manager by this 34 cent Increase In Cuban price. Mr. Rolph did not fix the price. It does raise the price to the Hawaiian farmer about that amount. It does not raise the profit of the California refinery, because their charge for refining Is. like all other refiners, limited to $1.80 per hundred pounds, plus the freight differential on th<> established custom of the trade. "Mr. Rolph has not one penny of Interest in that refinery." sa 1-whea use m 2-meal use mi 3-fats use ju, \ <-??? 1 and: the cause U.S. FOOD AH DELICIOUS CORN MUFFINS. mm Here's an old fashioned recipe for corn muffins that has recently been revived and used with unusual success in several of the larger New York hotels: To make three and a half dozen muffins take one quart milk, six ounces butter substitute, twelve ounces of light syrup or honey, four eggs, pinch of salt, two ounces baking powder, one and a half pounds cornmeal and one and a half pounds rye flour. The butter and syrup should be thoroughly mixed; then add the eggs gradually. Pour In the milk and add the rye flour mixed with cornmeal and baking powder. I ?#######?##??#??#???###???####??#? FACE th _____ ii LET us fae? the facts. ' Unless the Allies flf fought, defeat threatens, at tneir best; nor hungry and Italy are going hungr] Wheat Savings?They mi best food to fight on. I alone can spare it to the less than a quarter of wt support those who are fl can do it without stintin to substitute another fo< 11 The Corn of Plenty?Coi surplus of It. Provider ;; hour of our need. It has as was never known be1 loads of corn. Five hun<3 above our regular need :; learn to appreciate it. V so easy? And so clear? America's Own Food?Coi I; food. The Indians, hai (| ^ A/1 AntAI i uur luiciauicio auupici continent. For a greal j| has blong een the staff c fought on it, history tells win a world war. 11 Learn Something?Corn! dozen. It's a cereal. It It's a dessert. It's nutrii j! dollar for dollar, than ] vegetables. It's good t know until you've had < ; | Best of all, it's plentiful Corn's Infinite Variety?H< corn? About how goc delicious ways of cookii 1; by not knowing more s J! of its uses: 1> ; There are at least nn I; make good dishes for dim j! fast. Here are some sugg HOT BREADS ;; Boston brown bread. ;; Hoecake. Muffins. 11 Biscuits. Griddle cakes. !; Waffles. HEART 'i ]! Corn-meal croquettes. Meat and cornItalian polenta. The recipes are in F; !; Meal as a Food and Ways |! Department of Agricultur 1' w ve t ore corn I ? AatA #f<vA Aa3M6 l<|l? St enough r te syrups rerve of freedom MINISTRATION WHEATLESS BISCUITS. Parched eornmeal is the feature of these excellent wheatless biscuits. First, the eornmeal?one-half a cup? is put In a shallow pan placed in the oven and stirred frequently until It Is a delicate brown. The other Ingredients are a teaspoon of salt, a cup of peanut butter and one and a half cupe of water. Mix the peanut butter, water and salt and heat While this mixture Is hot stir In the meal which should also be hot Beat thoroughly. The dough should be at such consistency that It can be dropped In mull eakee la aa uncrsasod pan. This makss 16 Mssnlta, each of which contains onesixth of an ounce of protein. leFACTS 1 rha war situation is critical. :ht as they never yet have Hungry men cannot fight nations. France, England, r unless we feed them. ist have wheat. It is the t is the easiest to shin. We m. By saving just a little? lat we ate last vear?we can ghting our battles. And we g ourselves. We have only 3d iust as srood. i I n is that food. There's a :e has been generous in the given us corn in such bounty fore. Tons of corn. TrainIred million bushels over and s. All we have to do is to j! Vas ever patriotic duty made i! i > 'i *n! It is the true American ;j rdiest of races, lived on it. j; i the diet and conquered a !; b section of our country it 1 >f life. How well the South || i. Now it can help America ;> < l <> <? It isn't one food. It's a ; 's a vegetable. It's a bread. ;; tious; more food value in it, I: meat or eggs or most other j; o eat; how good you don't jj ;orn-bread properly cooked. and it's patriotic. I 3W much do you know about jj d it is? About the many i; ng it? And what you miss !| about it? Here are a few <! 11 'i :y ways to use corn meal to j! ler, supper, lunch or breakestions: ;j DESSERTS i; Corn-meal molasses cake. Apple corn bread. Dumplings. Gingerbread. Fruit gems. <! r DISHES Corn-meal fish balls. ;; meal dumplings. Tamales. j| armers* Bulletin 565, "Corn ;! of Using It," free from the ;> e. !; This Is Our Winter of Test SERVING food li a local prohlei. for eesh | community. PrloM and definite rules for every one cannot be ?formulated. It human body nealthy and strong. This winter of 1918 Is the period when la to be tested here In America wheth er oar people are Capable of voluntary Individual sacrifice to save the world. That la the purpose of the organisation of the Doited States Food AdmlnlstraI tion?by voluntary effort to provide the food that the world Qeeds. tJ. S. FOOD ADMINISTRATION NEED BI6_HERDS Europe's Meat Supply Must Come From America. Warring Nations Have Depletsd Live Stook at Enormous Rate, Kve/i Killing Dairy Cattle For Pood. American stock breeders are being asked to conserve their flocks and herds In order to meet Europe's tremendous demands for meats during the war and probably for many years afterward. The United States food administration reports that American stock raisers have shown a disposition to co-operate with the government In Increasing the nation's supply of live stock. Germany today is probably better supplied with live stock than any other European nation. When the German armies made their big advance Into France and then retreated virtually all the cattle In the Invaded territory ? approximately 1,800,000 head?were driven behind the German lines. But In England?where 2,400,000 acres of pasture lands have been turned Into grain fields?the cattle herds are decreasing rapidly. One of the reasons apparently Is the declining maximum price scale adopted by the English as follows: For September, $17.76 per 100 pounds; October, $17.28; November and December $16.06; Janlary, $14.40. The effect *f these prices was to drive beef animals on the ma? ket as soon as possible. In France the number of cattle as I well as the quality have shown an enormous decline daring tne war. Where Trance had 1430T.OOO head of cattle In 1913, she now hae only 12,841,9001 a decrease of l&d per cent And France Is today producing only one gallon of milk compered to two and one-half gallons before the war. Denmark and Holland hare been forced to sacrifice dairy herds for beef because of the lack of necessary feed. Goes study of the European meat situation has convinced the Food Administration that the future problem of America lies largely in the production of meat producing animals and dairy products rather than in the pron# rori? for exDort when dU war will hare ceased. BRITISH GOVERNMENT HELPS PAY FOR BREAD There has been mnch mlsunderl standing about the bread program in England. It is true that the Englishman buys a loaf of bread for less than an American can, but it Is poorer bread, and the British government Is paying $200,000,000 a year toward the | cost of it. All the grain grown in Great Britain is taken over by the government at an arbitrary price and the imported wheat purchased on the markets at the prevailing market price. This is turned over to the mills by the government at a price that allows the adulterated war bread loaf of four pounds to sell at 18 cents, the two pound loaf at 9 cents and the one pound loaf at 5 cents. In France, under conditions somewhat similar, but with a larger extraction, the four pound loaf sells for 16 cents. ; MAKING MEATLESS DAYS PERMANENT. In the meatless menu there Is a fertile Held for developing new and nourishing dishes, according to E. H. Nile.*, writing In the Hotel Gazette, who believes that the present shortage of meat and fats will not end with the eoming of peace, but may grow more acute and continue for five or six years, thus making It worth while to develop menus of grain, vegetables and fish on a more or less permanent basis. Meat can be replaced by cereals and other protein foods, or may be served in very small portions as a flavoring for other food. In making up meatless menus *his author finds our American Creole and southern cuisine a broad field for investigation. "y?a v f3 CORN WILL WIN I DEMOCRACY'S WAR J America's Greatest Cereal Crofl fl Is Now Moving to Market ^ V MAINSTAY IN NATION'S CB3I1 Surplus Wheat of tha United Slctat Haa Seen Sent to Famine Thread ened Eurepc America'* great com crap, axons* lag 8,000,000,000 bushels, will aare the world's ft>od situation, eftrSa ed tta United State* flood administratis* Sat Have. Corn 1* the nation's beat food cereal* housewives are beginning to realia* It contains all the elements nee dad tfi keep the body In a state of health aad when used according to the scores of tried reel pee, especially when combined with an added portion of oil ev fat, will sustain life Indefinitely. Indian warriors in colonial days lived on parched corn alone for many days at a time, and at Valley Forge parched corn was at times the sole ratios W the Continental soldiers. Owing to transportation difficulties caused by the war the corn crop moved more slowly to market this year than ever before. Now, however, the cereal is reaching the millers and consumers In the meantime the nation's surplus wheat has been sent to Europe. ? N Today there are approximately If bushels of corn for every America* This quantity is greater by five boa* els than In former years. *??- Kaaawi. n?Hnn'i milfti V/VIU JUCIO UWV1UQ uiy usuvu ? stay In the crisis of war. Jost as this cereal saved the first American colonists from famine en many occasions, Just as It served as a staple food during the War of the Revolution and during the Civil War, Klqg Corn has again come to the front in the nation's battle with autocracy. Corn meal Is finding greatly Increased use In the making of ordinary white ! bread. Hundreds of housewives and many of the larger bakers are mixing , 20 per cent corn meal with wheat flour to make leavened bread. This ' J kind of a mixture Is worked and baked In the same recipes and with the same methods that apply to straight wheat bread. Corn bread?using corn meal entirely?Is gaining a greater popularity, than ever before. Housewives are coming to realize that every pound ef wheat saved In America means a pound of wheat released for shipment to the , : nations with which America Is aseodi - ' area in ine war. There are a acore of corn products that today possess unusual Importance . ' v for Americana Corn syrup for awseC * ealag corn cakes and buckwheat cakes ' and for use In the kitchen Instead ed granulated sugar is one of the leading predicts made from corn. Corn oil, excellent for frying and for every other purpose filled by, salad oOfc is appearing on the market la largl ,, quantities. It comes from the gem 4 the corn. HADE-IN-GERHANY UES CIRCULATED IN CANADA .< .. '< Canada li also having trouble with Made-ln-Germany lies calculated Is hinder Canadian food conservation a?? cording to an official statement re* g reived from the Canadian food cam . M troller by the United States food a+ BH ministratlop. The stories bothering Canada art of the same general character as thoae the United States food adminlstrae ^Hj tor recently denounced In this coontry, such as the ridiculous salt ant blueing famine fakes and the report that the government would aelzs V housewives' stocks of home canned goods. The Canadian food controller estimates that when the people listen to and pass on such stories, each ons has the power of destruction that lies In a battalion of soldiers. "Stories without even a vestige of foundation have been scattered broad- ,.i cast," said the Canadian statement. "Nor have they come to life casually. They have started simultaneously in different parts of the country and in each instance have been calculated to arouse public indignation. "They are Insidious, subtle, persistent Bit by bit they dissipate public trust the great essential in the work of food control. "It lies with every Individual to forbear from criticism; to refrain from passing on the vagrant and harmful story, and thus the more effective^ to co-operate in work which Is going to mean more than the majority of people yet realize." THE UNITED STATES FOOD ADMINISTRATION SAY3: T There is no royal road to food conservation. We can only accomplish this by the voluntary action of our whole people, each element in proportion to its mean*. It Is a matter of equality of burden; a matter of minute saving and substitution at every point in the 20,000,000 kitchens, on the 2#,000,000 dinner tables, and in the 2,000,000 manufacturing, wholesale anrl establishments of the ccjntry. . ./ i i i %