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, .-77" ? IS PRBHIBiTION I A FAILURE? HOW THE EXPERIMENT WORKED IN NEW ENGLAND-ARGUMENT ADDUCED AGAINST NO LICENSE SYSTEM. (C<?n<iuiK~l fp-:n la.-t ?? ?. United with the prohibitionists were the low saloon and dive keepers of the State, and these Strove for prohibition with a zeal worthy of a h:glier motive and a better cause. They worked for prohibition in order that there might be no license, and that under prohibition they might have an opportunity of conducting an illegal and surreptitious traffic. They could not conduct such illegal business while other ineu held license, because no man would sneak through alleys aud by-ways to patronize them. This fact convinced earnest and conservative people that prohibition meant unrestricted traffic. And the amendment was defeated by 44,552 majority. In 1853 Khode Island adopted prohibition and for ten years gave it the fairest trial possible. In 1863 the resuits had been so injurious that the law was repealed. Not satisfied with the first experience, she again adopt ed prohibition in 1*86. The second experiment proved far more disastrous than the first, and in June, 1889, the people of the State repudiated prohibition at the polls by the enormous majority of 18,597 unt of a total vote of less than 38.000, the vote cast against prohibition being nearly three to every one in its favor. When the Jaw was adopted in 1886 it bad a majority of 5,883. Three years of experience had, therefore, changed the views of more than four-fifths of the voters of the State on this subject. History does not present a more striking change of public opinion upon any subject. As early as 1854 Connecticut placed prohibition in the organic law of the State, and for eighteen years used the utmost power of the Commonwealth for its enforcement. and anally gaye up the experiment in 1872. In October. 1889, an effort was made to again engraft prohibition upon the State Constitution and resulted in an inglorious failure, nearly three votes to oue being cast against the meaaure. New York passed prohibitory laws in 1854. tried them two years and gave up the experiment as hopeless. .a ^ The tirst attempt at prohibition in Pennsylvania was made in June, 1889. The question was thoroughly discussed throughout the State, and after thorough enlightenment the Keystone State declared by a majority of 194,550?the greatest ever cast by any State on any subject since the foundation of the Union?that the law was not suited to it or helpful to the cause of temperance. In 1855 Maryland adopted prohibition. la no State was the result so disastrous and so freighted with evils. Bad results followed the law so rapidly that after a few months' trial it was repealed, and there has been no disposition on the part of the State to repeat the severe lesson it then received. In the same year Delaware adopted prohibition and tried for two years to enforce it, but in 185? gave up the effort and has since shown no inclination to again try the experiment. Ohio also repeated the bitter experience. The law in that State, which was adopted in 1855. was short-lived and was wiped from the statute books during the same year. Among the States which persisted in the experiment of prohibition Michigan may be enumerated. This State adopted the law hi 185d, and for twenty-two years endeavored by the whole power of the State and by extraordinary police laws to enforce' it, only to find the effort futile. She abandoned the policy in 1875, and1 when a factiou endeavored again to | saddle it upon the State in 1887 the' people overwhelmed it at the polls. ! In the words of Gen R A Alger, ' "You cannot talk prohibition to the people of Michigan. They have tried it and know what a dire failure it is." Indiaua passed prohibitory measures in 1865, They were never en T v " I . * / forced and son abandoned. In 1882 | a second effort was made to impose prohibition on the State, but was de- i feated by the biggest majority cast' in that State on any question fori 1 I twenty years Nebraska in the sauie year adopt- j ed prohibition, but its enforcement j was found impossible and it was soon ; repealed. A secoud effort was made in 1SS0 and was defeated by a de-; cisive majority of 45,0u0. The Legislature of Illinois enact- i ed a prohibitory law in 1S55, but it' was so unpopular with the people of, , the State that in the election in the fall of the same year, bothjthe law j and its champions were buried. Twice the effort was made to fas- ! teu prohibition oa Wisconsin, anil; ; twice the Governor interposed his veto, with the hearty concurrence of I | the people. Since that time a more: liberal spirit has guided the State. Under prohibition Iowa witnessed] au exodus of her population, a de-; pression in Her commercial interests, i 1 accompanied by great moral retro- J [ gression aud complete revolution in ' her political status. The law was en! acted in 1884. So calamitous were ! the results that in obedience to overwhelming popular demand it wai i modified aud practically abandoned a i | lew years ago. Kansas has been under prohibitory laws for the past twenty-five years, having adopted them in 18*2. That they are ineffective is demonstrated by the open saloons and secret joints in all the towns and cities of the State, That they are detrimental to the welfare of the State is proved by the depression in her commercial, manufacturing and industrial enterprises,and by the enormous tax. rates prevalent,ranging from four to eight per cent. That they have not been beneficial to the moral tpne of the State is evinced by the fact that thousands of the best men of the State earnestly advocate the overthrow of the law, Au effort was made in 1887 to put prohibition into the constitution of i'exas auu ianea uy a majority 01 92,661. A few months later a similar effort was made in Tennessee, and was likewise overwhelmed by a majority , of 27,693. In the fall of the same year Oregon submitted a prohibitory amendment, which shared a similar fate, fully two-thirds of the voters of the State easting their ballots against it. In November, 1888, West Virginia voted on the question. The subject was thoroughly discussed, luvestigations into the workings of the law in other States were carefully made, and a full vote was polled, resulting ' in the defeat of the amendment by a! majority of 35,574. Only two coun-1 ties in the State gave piohibitiou j majorities. North Dakota adopted prohibition, in 1889 by a scant majority of 1,159. The experience of the State has been the usual one. The law has not been enforced. The sale of liquors has in n? way diminished, and the only efi feet has been the substitution of the unlicensed, irresponsible joint for i the open, regulated saloon, j South Dakota adopted prohibition ' in 1889. Every possible means was I exhausted in an unavailing effort to enforce it. Without decreasing the sale of liquers, serious evils spraug up as an outgrowth of the law. The development of the State, which had been phenomenal during the ten ; years prior to the adoption of the I measure,was brought to a standstill. 1 In 1898 nrohibition was overwhelm I r 1 : ingly rejected and the State returned ! to a license. In November, 1908, an effort to adopt local option by counties was defeated by the voters of the State. Recently Oklahoma. Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and North Caro- j olina have adopted prohibition. The: brief experience with it in Oklahoma 11 and Georgia, thus far, indicates that i the results in these States will be ! similar to those in all other States which have tried and repudiated I prohibition as a failure and an eyil. \ It will be seen that during the I past half century twenty-one States i have tried prohibition. Fifteen of 1 these have repudiated it as an utter i failure. Five of the States thus repu- I diating it have overwhelmingly re- \ iected attemptsjto foist it on them a 1 ? <3F T second time. Nowhere has the law been enforced. Five other States, profiting by the experience of sister Commonwealths, have refused to accept it at all. If experience and history have any value, the.je facts demonstiate that prohibition is neither practicable or desirable from either a moral or material standpoint. Prohibition has been no more successful in Canada than in the United State.*. A few years ago a law was passed similar to those in force in the States of the Union, and was given a sincere and earuest trial. In April, 18S'J, it was repealed. Every town aud city in Canada which voted on that day rejected prohibition. Thomas Jefferson knew human na ture when he said: "Tell any niau he shall not do a thing or have a thing, and that thing becomes the very one which he wishes to do oj have." The fruit ot only one tree in the Garden of Eden was forbidden,yet Adam and Eve ate of that tree. The Roman Empire tried to destroy wine culture in Gaul and ignominiously failed. In the early days of Rome women were forbidden to drink wine, and Seneca bitterly laments the violation of the law. Iu the eleventh century it was declared a capital offense to sell drink in Scotland. The houses of the liquor dealers were burned and they themselves banished. Iu less than a generation under the effect of this law drunkenness became more general and common in Scotland than it has ever been in any other couutrv in the world. In England by Act (o (Jeorge II Ch 23) a law prohibitive in effect was enacted. Of the effect of this law Sinollet says: ''The populace soon broke through all restraint. Though no license was obtained aud no duty paid, liquor continued to be sold in all corners of the streets, and the consumption considerably increased every year." When in 1743 this act was repealed it was shown that the consumption of spirits had increased during the life of the act from 527,000 gallons in 1681 to 7,160,000 gallons in 1742. Herbert Speucer, commenting on the effect of the act, - . . i e says: "ueyoua tne encouracemenc 01 fraud, lying, malice, cruelty, murder,contempt of law and conspicuous crookednesj, multitudinous other evils were caused or augmented and indirect demoralization was added to a direct increase of the vice aimed at." More Anon. An AppreciationEditor County Iiecord:? Having taught school through the space of forty years,beginning in the fall of 18G5 at Ard's X roads and teachiug iu the counties of Williamsburg, Florence and Darlington, I feel somewhat indebted to offer my heartfelt thanks for the excelleut hospitality and generous welcome extended to me at the homes of the good people among whom I have la1 1 ...1 ?????? T UU1CU, Y> 11U0C AiUUUCOCCO ? tau uc*u forget. Now that old age is coming on, I am urged by dear ones to furl the sails of the old school-ship and cast anchor. I am sure this is a most sad realization, nevertheless I, too, feel that I have done my best and have no goadings of conscience to upbraid me for the lack of performing my full duty, as I have almost daily promptings from pupils and patrons. Yet when I look upou the whole work I passed through, I am willing to submit an old adage by Pope: "To err is human, to forgive is diyine," which more fully explains my position. O lU.l T oume ui yuu reuuneci, iiiul j. was one of the pioneer teachers siuce the Civil war, who traveled the byways, and were the first to travel the little paths and helped to kick the lightwood knots out of the way. Sometimes to place pieces so that the little children could cross. Many aud 3ad, too, are the recollections that tond memory brings to view of the happiness of both pupils and patrons. The four years' war and the privations entailed had nearly rusted out and eaten out our aspirations for the higher attainments, but the war being over with guns and cannons, we had to contend with war prejudices, racial inclemencies and every barrier that usually follows a sad and cruel ivar like ours. After awhile things jegan to change. Our dear Hampton v | became Governor,which adjusted ev- j erything.and the hearts of our people were aglow with hope and the Anglo-Saxon energies placed the goal before us. We now have succeeded, or at least progressed, although sacrifices did not become obstacles in our way, but served as spurs to call forth more strength. Ilere and there our small houses and farms and many places which were a wild wood land have come to be excellent farms and fine houses; when1 little school houses have been, now large and comfortable graded schools have taken their places. These, withal goodly number of churches, have j changed our country to a suouroau world. It is true the property hud to be taxed, but it is a pleasure to realize the results of so much improvement that even the cross-roads towns have changed to he little cities. When we realize what wonderful outcomes taxes have given i^e to, and what grand results come from f honestly and earnestly ^pqjug, must rejoice in our Soutlu prise. "Land of the South, imperial land? How proud thy mountains rise! ' How sweet thy scenes on every hand, How fair thy covering skies? But not for these?oh, not for these ? I love thy fields to roam; Thou hast a dearer spell to me, Thou art my native home. Thou hast prouder glories, too. Than nature ever gave; 1'eace i>nea> o'er tuee ner genua ut w, And Freed 'm's pinions wave. Fair Science flings her pearls around, Religion lifts lier dome, The>e,these,endear thee to my heart, My own, my loved native home." Yes, 1 remember many of the pleasantries which were not lost time, and as ''clouds have their lining" these troubles and trials should have a little sunshine; yes, a little rest, for th'e weary soul. So should we all lay aside these weights and take some rest. Now, tc throw up the sponge is hard for me to do, but if the oracles of fate have written it upon the bulletin, I must then quietly yield to its injunction. I have this gratification, that some of my pupils have become preachers, doctors, lawyers and teachers, while others have been successful in the humbler walks of life. Not that 1 made them so, but that I often called them together and had them to realize their apparent aim for education, that even the most finished education would be a mere tinkling cymbal without character, and as no foreign cotton could be spun without mi.v^Mt with American lint,or cm e manufactured into strong clot^ ) is impossible to attain to a higs^^-ue of life without mixing character with education Now, after reasoning with myself. I should be satisfied,since I know that 1 have taught little boys and girls and oftentimes I have taught their children,and they never fail to talk with, me aud thank me for what I did for them. It is natural for us to want to continue, as it is for office holders to^ keep holding on. It seems hard to be weaned. Now, finally, to any of you to whom i have done the least wrong, i-Kia to a vino timo fo ask nardnn. for 1 hold nothing against anyone and would like to swim in thi3 kind of atmosphere. And, lasily, I will say may the great God bless you and save you all, through the riches of His grace and mercy. Respectfully, J J Brown, Sr. Florence, S C, J uly 10. Many people with chronic throat and lung trouble have found comfort and relief in Foley's Honey and Tar as it cures obstinate coughs after other treatment has failed. L M Haggles, Reasnor, Iowa, writes: "The doctors said I had consumption, and I got no better until 1 took Foley's Honey and Tar. It stopped the hemorrhages and pain in my lungs and they are now as sound as a bullet." D C Scott. /oc uZN. \ flf J ^HrJ) McCALL PATTERNS Celebrated for style, perfect fit, simplicity and reliability nearly 40 years. Sold in nearly every city and town in the United States and Canada, or by mail direct. More sold than any other make. Send for free catalogue. McCALL'S MAGAZINE More subscribers than any other fashion magazine?million a month. Invaluable. 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