The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, July 15, 1909, Image 2
, .-77" ?
IS PRBHIBiTION I
A FAILURE?
HOW THE EXPERIMENT WORKED IN NEW
ENGLAND-ARGUMENT ADDUCED
AGAINST NO LICENSE SYSTEM.
(C<?n<iuiK~l fp-:n la.-t ?? ?.
United with the prohibitionists
were the low saloon and dive keepers
of the State, and these Strove for
prohibition with a zeal worthy of a
h:glier motive and a better cause.
They worked for prohibition in order
that there might be no license,
and that under prohibition they
might have an opportunity of conducting
an illegal and surreptitious
traffic. They could not conduct such
illegal business while other ineu
held license, because no man would
sneak through alleys aud by-ways to
patronize them. This fact convinced
earnest and conservative people that
prohibition meant unrestricted traffic.
And the amendment was defeated
by 44,552 majority.
In 1853 Khode Island adopted prohibition
and for ten years gave it the
fairest trial possible. In 1863 the resuits
had been so injurious that the
law was repealed. Not satisfied with
the first experience, she again adopt
ed prohibition in 1*86. The second
experiment proved far more disastrous
than the first, and in June,
1889, the people of the State repudiated
prohibition at the polls by the
enormous majority of 18,597 unt of
a total vote of less than 38.000, the
vote cast against prohibition being
nearly three to every one in its favor.
When the Jaw was adopted in 1886
it bad a majority of 5,883. Three
years of experience had, therefore,
changed the views of more than
four-fifths of the voters of the State
on this subject. History does not
present a more striking change of
public opinion upon any subject.
As early as 1854 Connecticut
placed prohibition in the organic
law of the State, and for eighteen
years used the utmost power of the
Commonwealth for its enforcement.
and anally gaye up the experiment
in 1872. In October. 1889, an effort
was made to again engraft prohibition
upon the State Constitution and
resulted in an inglorious failure,
nearly three votes to oue being cast
against the meaaure.
New York passed prohibitory laws
in 1854. tried them two years and
gave up the experiment as hopeless.
.a ^
The tirst attempt at prohibition in
Pennsylvania was made in June,
1889. The question was thoroughly
discussed throughout the State, and
after thorough enlightenment the
Keystone State declared by a majority
of 194,550?the greatest ever cast
by any State on any subject since
the foundation of the Union?that
the law was not suited to it or helpful
to the cause of temperance.
In 1855 Maryland adopted prohibition.
la no State was the result so
disastrous and so freighted with
evils. Bad results followed the law so
rapidly that after a few months'
trial it was repealed, and there has
been no disposition on the part of
the State to repeat the severe lesson
it then received.
In the same year Delaware adopted
prohibition and tried for two
years to enforce it, but in 185? gave
up the effort and has since shown no
inclination to again try the experiment.
Ohio also repeated the bitter experience.
The law in that State,
which was adopted in 1855. was
short-lived and was wiped from the
statute books during the same year.
Among the States which persisted
in the experiment of prohibition
Michigan may be enumerated. This
State adopted the law hi 185d, and
for twenty-two years endeavored by
the whole power of the State and by
extraordinary police laws to enforce'
it, only to find the effort futile. She
abandoned the policy in 1875, and1
when a factiou endeavored again to |
saddle it upon the State in 1887 the'
people overwhelmed it at the polls. !
In the words of Gen R A Alger, '
"You cannot talk prohibition to the
people of Michigan. They have tried
it and know what a dire failure it
is."
Indiaua passed prohibitory measures
in 1865, They were never en
T v " I . *
/
forced and son abandoned. In 1882 |
a second effort was made to impose
prohibition on the State, but was de- i
feated by the biggest majority cast'
in that State on any question fori
1 I
twenty years
Nebraska in the sauie year adopt- j
ed prohibition, but its enforcement j
was found impossible and it was soon ;
repealed. A secoud effort was made
in 1SS0 and was defeated by a de-;
cisive majority of 45,0u0.
The Legislature of Illinois enact- i
ed a prohibitory law in 1S55, but it'
was so unpopular with the people of,
, the State that in the election in the
fall of the same year, bothjthe law j
and its champions were buried.
Twice the effort was made to fas- !
teu prohibition oa Wisconsin, anil;
; twice the Governor interposed his
veto, with the hearty concurrence of I
| the people. Since that time a more:
liberal spirit has guided the State.
Under prohibition Iowa witnessed]
au exodus of her population, a de-;
pression in Her commercial interests, i
1 accompanied by great moral retro- J
[ gression aud complete revolution in
' her political status. The law was en!
acted in 1884. So calamitous were
! the results that in obedience to overwhelming
popular demand it wai i
modified aud practically abandoned a i
|
lew years ago.
Kansas has been under prohibitory
laws for the past twenty-five years,
having adopted them in 18*2. That
they are ineffective is demonstrated
by the open saloons and secret joints
in all the towns and cities of the
State, That they are detrimental to
the welfare of the State is proved by
the depression in her commercial,
manufacturing and industrial enterprises,and
by the enormous tax. rates
prevalent,ranging from four to eight
per cent. That they have not been
beneficial to the moral tpne of the
State is evinced by the fact that
thousands of the best men of the
State earnestly advocate the overthrow
of the law,
Au effort was made in 1887 to put
prohibition into the constitution of
i'exas auu ianea uy a majority 01
92,661.
A few months later a similar effort
was made in Tennessee, and was
likewise overwhelmed by a majority
, of 27,693.
In the fall of the same year Oregon
submitted a prohibitory amendment,
which shared a similar fate,
fully two-thirds of the voters of the
State easting their ballots against it.
In November, 1888, West Virginia
voted on the question. The subject
was thoroughly discussed, luvestigations
into the workings of the law in
other States were carefully made,
and a full vote was polled, resulting '
in the defeat of the amendment by a!
majority of 35,574. Only two coun-1
ties in the State gave piohibitiou j
majorities.
North Dakota adopted prohibition,
in 1889 by a scant majority of 1,159.
The experience of the State has been
the usual one. The law has not been
enforced. The sale of liquors has in
n? way diminished, and the only efi
feet has been the substitution of the
unlicensed, irresponsible joint for
i the open, regulated saloon,
j South Dakota adopted prohibition
' in 1889. Every possible means was
I exhausted in an unavailing effort to
enforce it. Without decreasing the
sale of liquers, serious evils spraug
up as an outgrowth of the law. The
development of the State, which had
been phenomenal during the ten
; years prior to the adoption of the
I measure,was brought to a standstill.
1 In 1898 nrohibition was overwhelm
I r 1
: ingly rejected and the State returned
! to a license. In November, 1908, an
effort to adopt local option by counties
was defeated by the voters of the
State.
Recently Oklahoma. Georgia, Alabama,
Mississippi and North Caro- j
olina have adopted prohibition. The:
brief experience with it in Oklahoma 11
and Georgia, thus far, indicates that i
the results in these States will be !
similar to those in all other States
which have tried and repudiated I
prohibition as a failure and an eyil. \
It will be seen that during the I
past half century twenty-one States i
have tried prohibition. Fifteen of 1
these have repudiated it as an utter i
failure. Five of the States thus repu- I
diating it have overwhelmingly re- \
iected attemptsjto foist it on them a 1
?
<3F T
second time. Nowhere has the law
been enforced. Five other States,
profiting by the experience of sister
Commonwealths, have refused to accept
it at all. If experience and history
have any value, the.je facts demonstiate
that prohibition is neither
practicable or desirable from either a
moral or material standpoint.
Prohibition has been no more successful
in Canada than in the United
State.*. A few years ago a law was
passed similar to those in force in the
States of the Union, and was given
a sincere and earuest trial. In April,
18S'J, it was repealed. Every town
aud city in Canada which voted on
that day rejected prohibition.
Thomas Jefferson knew human na
ture when he said: "Tell any niau
he shall not do a thing or have a
thing, and that thing becomes the
very one which he wishes to do oj
have." The fruit ot only one tree in
the Garden of Eden was forbidden,yet
Adam and Eve ate of that tree.
The Roman Empire tried to destroy
wine culture in Gaul and ignominiously
failed. In the early days
of Rome women were forbidden to
drink wine, and Seneca bitterly laments
the violation of the law.
Iu the eleventh century it was declared
a capital offense to sell drink
in Scotland. The houses of the liquor
dealers were burned and they themselves
banished. Iu less than a generation
under the effect of this law
drunkenness became more general
and common in Scotland than it has
ever been in any other couutrv in
the world.
In England by Act (o (Jeorge II
Ch 23) a law prohibitive in effect
was enacted. Of the effect of this law
Sinollet says: ''The populace soon
broke through all restraint. Though
no license was obtained aud no duty
paid, liquor continued to be sold in
all corners of the streets, and the
consumption considerably increased
every year." When in 1743 this act
was repealed it was shown that the
consumption of spirits had increased
during the life of the act from
527,000 gallons in 1681 to 7,160,000
gallons in 1742. Herbert Speucer,
commenting on the effect of the act,
- . . i e
says: "ueyoua tne encouracemenc 01
fraud, lying, malice, cruelty, murder,contempt
of law and conspicuous
crookednesj, multitudinous other
evils were caused or augmented and
indirect demoralization was added
to a direct increase of the vice aimed
at." More Anon.
An AppreciationEditor
County Iiecord:?
Having taught school through the
space of forty years,beginning in the
fall of 18G5 at Ard's X roads and
teachiug iu the counties of Williamsburg,
Florence and Darlington, I
feel somewhat indebted to offer my
heartfelt thanks for the excelleut
hospitality and generous welcome
extended to me at the homes of the
good people among whom I have la1
1 ...1 ?????? T
UU1CU, Y> 11U0C AiUUUCOCCO ? tau uc*u
forget. Now that old age is coming
on, I am urged by dear ones to furl
the sails of the old school-ship and
cast anchor. I am sure this is a most
sad realization, nevertheless I, too,
feel that I have done my best and
have no goadings of conscience to
upbraid me for the lack of performing
my full duty, as I have almost
daily promptings from pupils and
patrons. Yet when I look upou the
whole work I passed through, I am
willing to submit an old adage by
Pope: "To err is human, to forgive is
diyine," which more fully explains
my position.
O lU.l T
oume ui yuu reuuneci, iiiul j. was
one of the pioneer teachers siuce the
Civil war, who traveled the byways,
and were the first to travel the little
paths and helped to kick the lightwood
knots out of the way. Sometimes
to place pieces so that the little
children could cross. Many aud
3ad, too, are the recollections that
tond memory brings to view of the
happiness of both pupils and patrons.
The four years' war and the privations
entailed had nearly rusted out
and eaten out our aspirations for the
higher attainments, but the war being
over with guns and cannons, we
had to contend with war prejudices,
racial inclemencies and every barrier
that usually follows a sad and cruel
ivar like ours. After awhile things
jegan to change. Our dear Hampton
v
| became Governor,which adjusted ev- j
erything.and the hearts of our people
were aglow with hope and the Anglo-Saxon
energies placed the goal
before us. We now have succeeded,
or at least progressed, although sacrifices
did not become obstacles in
our way, but served as spurs to call
forth more strength. Ilere and there
our small houses and farms and
many places which were a wild wood
land have come to be excellent farms
and fine houses; when1 little school
houses have been, now large and
comfortable graded schools have
taken their places. These, withal
goodly number of churches, have j
changed our country to a suouroau
world. It is true the property hud to
be taxed, but it is a pleasure to realize
the results of so much improvement
that even the cross-roads towns
have changed to he little cities.
When we realize what wonderful
outcomes taxes have given i^e to,
and what grand results come from f
honestly and earnestly ^pqjug,
must rejoice in our Soutlu
prise.
"Land of the South, imperial land?
How proud thy mountains rise! '
How sweet thy scenes on every hand,
How fair thy covering skies?
But not for these?oh, not for these ?
I love thy fields to roam;
Thou hast a dearer spell to me,
Thou art my native home.
Thou hast prouder glories, too.
Than nature ever gave;
1'eace i>nea> o'er tuee ner genua ut w,
And Freed 'm's pinions wave.
Fair Science flings her pearls around,
Religion lifts lier dome,
The>e,these,endear thee to my heart,
My own, my loved native home."
Yes, 1 remember many of the
pleasantries which were not lost time,
and as ''clouds have their lining"
these troubles and trials should have
a little sunshine; yes, a little rest,
for th'e weary soul. So should we all
lay aside these weights and take
some rest. Now, tc throw up the
sponge is hard for me to do, but if
the oracles of fate have written it
upon the bulletin, I must then quietly
yield to its injunction. I have this
gratification, that some of my pupils
have become preachers, doctors, lawyers
and teachers, while others have
been successful in the humbler walks
of life. Not that 1 made them so,
but that I often called them together
and had them to realize their apparent
aim for education, that even the
most finished education would be a
mere tinkling cymbal without character,
and as no foreign cotton could
be spun without mi.v^Mt with American
lint,or cm e manufactured
into strong clot^ ) is impossible
to attain to a higs^^-ue of life without
mixing character with education
Now, after reasoning with myself. I
should be satisfied,since I know that
1 have taught little boys and girls and
oftentimes I have taught their children,and
they never fail to talk with,
me aud thank me for what I did for
them. It is natural for us to want to
continue, as it is for office holders to^
keep holding on. It seems hard to be
weaned.
Now, finally, to any of you to
whom i have done the least wrong,
i-Kia to a vino timo fo ask nardnn. for
1 hold nothing against anyone and
would like to swim in thi3 kind of
atmosphere. And, lasily, I will say
may the great God bless you and
save you all, through the riches of
His grace and mercy.
Respectfully,
J J Brown, Sr.
Florence, S C, J uly 10.
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D C Scott.
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REFERENCES
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