University of South Carolina Libraries
LYNCH WHITE MAN Mho Brutally Murdered Another Cn v Account of Trivial Matter MILITIA REACHED SCENE TOO LATE John Morrison Kills Will Floyd, a Farmer's Son, Because the Latter Re fused the Loan of Ten Cents. Columbia. S. G\. Special.?John Morrison, a white man who killed Will Fioyd, a leading farmer's son of that place, was lynched at Kershaw Saturday night In lesponse to a telegram from M vor Walsh, of Kershaw, Governor Hey ward ordered the Kershaw guards from Camden to the scene, but the soldiers arrived on a special tra.n about an hour too late. The murder of Floyd was particularly brutal, this being Morrison's fourth killing. He told others that he was going to kill Floyd and quarreled with him when the latter declined to loan him 10 cents. The Governor received a telegram at 7:15 p. m. from Mayor Walsh, of Kershaw, asking for assistance. The Governor, after failing to get Sheriff Hunter, of Lancaster, called up CapL Zemp. of Camden, and asked him to carry the Kershaw guards to toe scene on a special and at the same time wired Mayor Walsh: "I am trying to arrange transporta? onmMnr frnm Clamden. Wire UUU 1U* u UVUiimtij . WM. ? inc immediately bow matters stand. Let me know I' you still need com| pany." r Capt Zemp assembled his company while the special engine wap being ured up and in the meantime tried to get in cohnmunicatiaa with Sheriff Hunter, who Zemp said was on his way from Lancaster to Kershaw. STORY OF GOVERNOR'S EFFORTS. The story Oi' Governor Heyward's efforts to save Morrison for a fourth jury is briefly told thus: The first telegram Governor Heyward received was the following: "To Governor Hey ward: "Man killed here, danger of lynching. Send Kershaw guards here immediately. (Signed) "J. V. WELSH. Mayor." Governor Heyward then tried to get Sheriff Hunter over the 'phone, but found there was no 'phone connection to Lancaster. He then called up Capt. Xemp, at Camden, and instructed him to arrange for a special for the Kershaw guards to go to Kershaw. 'ifce Governor wired Sheriff Hunter as follows: Mayor of Kershaw reports lynching threatened at Kershaw and wants company from Camden. I understand vnn are on the soot. Wire me condi lions, and whether company is needed. Captain is now arranging for transportation and waiting to hear from you." Not hearing the Governor ordered the company off in the following telegram to Captain C. Zemp: "Report with your company to Sheriff Hunter at Kershaw. Go fully prepared to protect prisoner, and advise me fully upon arrival." APPEAL t*ROM VICTIM'S WIFE. Governor Heyward at this time received this message: "Help save ray husband from lynching. (Signed) "MARTHA J. MORRISON." This went to Sheriff John P. Hunter: "Kershaw guards. Captain S. C. ?emp, ordered to report to you. Are now on way to Kershaw. (Signed) "D. C. HEYWARD, "Governor." Governor Heyward received news from Mayor Walsh, which reads: "Mob took prisoner from guard house. Sheriff Hunter is present Sheriff Hunter telegraphed from the scene. I chartered train at Lancaster. Arrived here too late, mob bad taken prisoner from guard house, .policeman informs me he was overpowered by parties to him unknown. Have endeavored to learn direction the mob went, but could get no information. Will remain here and do all in my pow 1,4 TIT ill er to apprehend tne gumy panics. ??m let you hear from me later." At teh same time the Governor was advised over the telephone that Capt. Zemp was about to leave Camden with his company. Captain Zemp then understood that Morrison had been lynched and warned Instructions. The Governor told him to wait until Sherifl Hunter could be heard from and to wire Sheriff Hunter himself. Governor Heyward wired as follows: "To 8heriff Hunter: "Tour wire received; have just heard company still in Camden; captain 'phones rae he hears party lynched. Do you need company? Wire rae quick." Governor Heyward then received the following: "Party taken from guard house supposed to have been lynched. No need for military company now. Will let you hear from me later. (Signed) -HUNTER.' .Governor ..Heyward at once called Camden, but was informed by the"operator that the military company had left for Kershaw and thereupon the Governor sent the following: ?"Tour last telegram received Through misunderstanding company it on way to Kershaw. If lynching hat occurred, e.pprehcnd lynchers if possible." The Incident began ciui*?uS midnight ^om Zemp: "Have arrived in Kershdw and reported to Sheriff Hunter, but too late, Would like to return. (Signed) "S. C. ZEMP." To Zenap "If Sheriff Hunter does not requirs your company, you ?-an return. Promptness oi yourself and command much appreciated (Signed) "HEY WARD, "Governor." Telegraphic Briefs. The American Bar Association took a mild stand on tlie trust question at its meeting in St Louis. Judge Parker spent the day in New York, forferring with Democratic leaders. The Civil Service Reform League has aaked both national chairmen to see that no public servant shall suffer because he ;efus-,. to make political fund contributions. SOUTH CAROLINA CROP BULLETIN * The Picking of Cotton Prsgre*sin| Quite Satisfactorily. The week en din? S a. m.. September 2G, had a mean temperature of 71 degrees which is two degrees below the normal. The deficiency was greatest in the interior and was nearly normal along the coast. The first two days were warm but the 22nd, 23rd and 24th ! were considerably below normal. The extremes were a minimum of 44 de- j grees on the 24th at Greenville and a maximum of 93 at Kingstree on the 21st and 22nd. The precipitation occurred generally cn the 21st and 22nd and was light except on the coast from Charleston southward wlier eit was moderately heavy. The week has heeu favorable for farmwork and all kinds were pushed ar fast as possible. Cotton Is opening fast throughout the State and picking is general but in many parts of the State pickers are scarce. The crop will not be as good as was expected earlier in the season. Rust is still doing some damage on mn/Vh r\? ihA tfiTl PrOD ll&Ul BUUO. it VI Uiuvu Vfc V?*v ?- r r of cotton will mature on account of the cool, dry weather. Sea Island cotton is in good condition and being picked. Corn is reported to be in good con! dition generally. Fodder is about all ' pulled and the harvesting of the crop has begun in Darlington county with j good yield. Harvesting of corn will be begun in other sections next week, j Late corn was slightly damaged by the I cool, dry weather. Rice is being harvested and threshed j but the yield is not as good as exj pected. The weather has been favorable for haying and large amounts of hay and pea vines have been housed in good condition. Potatoes are generally good. Gardens and fall crops are doing fairly well but are badly in need of rain in some sections. No small grair. has been sown yet.?A. R. TEEPLE, Temporarily in charge. Lynched for Attempted Assault. Greenwood, Special.?James uaiverx Stuart, a negro about 22 years old. was lynched by Laurens county citizens shortly after midnight Friday night after being brought just across the river into Greenwood county. The crime for which Stuart was lynched x\as the usual, one, in. attempting a criminal assault upon the 14-year-old daughter of Mr. Doc Hughes, a well known white farmer who lives in tho "Fork" between Saluda and Reedy rivers. * The first news of the lynching was brought here Saturday morning by a gentleman who was makin0 the trip from Greenville to Greenwood by private conveyance through the country. He reported that just after crossing Sniith's bridge over Saluda river he came upon the dead body of a negro lying on the side of the road. The negro's hands were tied behind his back and he was lying with his fac eupturned and with his knees bent under him, a position indicating to the gen lleman that he had been shot while in n kneeling posture. When the body was examined at the coroner's inquest it was found that only one bullet wound had.been Inflicted upon the negro. This was a pistol ball which entered the I body under the left arm. j The body was turned over to the negro's father. , From reliable reports it appears that i the dead negro, James Stuart., had been living with Mr. Hughes about two years, his release from the Laurens county chaingang having been secured by Mr. Hughes: the negro had ever i tince been making his home on his place. Archbishop at Mt. Vernon. i Washington. Special.?The Archbishi op of Canterbury went to Mount Vernon today as the guest of General Crosier, chief of ordinance, to visit the home and' tomb of Washington. The I party 'also Included Sir Henry Mortl' ??? ohactQilnr' i| u:er uuiauu, uiv uimou , ' Secretary of the Navy Morton, J. Pierpont Morgan and about twenty others. I . Seizure of Contraband. > Greenville, Special.?Deputy Revenue Collector Gus Aiken, accompanied " by State Con tables Cooley and Bell, | returned Monday afternoon from Sa. luda, where they found and destroyed an illicit steam distillery of 150 gallons capacity. Fifteen hundred gal. Ions of beer were also seized. A ne. gro named Dandy was found on the premises, as was a pair of mules and a wagon. He was arrested and i brought here and placed in the county jail, and team confiscated. Two i other negroes wero seen at the distillery, but managed to make their escape. Noah Broomficld Killed. Greesrville, Special.?Noah Brownfield, a negro shoemaker, was shct and instantly killed Saturday evening at C o'clock by Robert Holmes, a negro painter, in front of the former's shoe shop on Laurens street, in the heart of the city. The man was kill , ed with a double-barrelled shot gun It is alleged that Browufteld cursed a female member of the Holmes family, resulting in Hclraes shooting the shoemaker. end of a Famous case The State Declines to Prosecute the Defendants in Consplrocy Matter. In the Wake Superior Court Saturiay morning a ncl pros was entered Dy order of Judge Ferguson in the criminal proceeding against Capt. V. K. McBee and K. S. Finch, charging them tvith conspiracy against the State in .heir litigation for the appointment of 11 receiver for the Atlantic & North Carolina Railroad. The case was some ! lays ago continued for the term on j Account of the continued illness of , Capt. W. H. Day, of counsel for the ! iefendants, but this morning Mr. i Frank I. Osborne, also of counsel for the defendants, appeared before the court and moved for the nol pros. So this is the order the court had entered on the record: "By rejuest of the Governor of the State and counsel of the defendants the solicitor says he will not further prosecute this I case and therefore it is ordered that 1 i nolle prossequi be entered herein and a none prossequi ?s so cmcitu. 1 This brings a final close to one of the most sensational litigations that have figured in State or Federal courts of North Carolina in years. The Great Mecklenburg Fair. Carolinians are just now much interested in the elaborate preparations going on for the opening or the Mecklenburg County Fajr, which takes place October 25th, 26, 27 and 28. In addition to the usual features of a fair many special attractions have been arranged for the event of 1904. The displays of farm products, practical domestics and educational progress will surpass anything heretofore seen at a county fair. The raciing will be of unusual merit, as a number of fast horses from all parts of the country have been entered. The midway?pure and clean?will offer its never-failing attractions. Miss Lillian Shaffer, champion lady equestrienne of the world will be present, also Miss Lottie Jewell from the Paris hippodrome. The riding feats of these two artists will be worth a trip to the fair. In addition to these attractions there will be many other unusually interesting features. The management has secured reduced rates on all railroads leading intc vnaiutvc. In regard to the tournament, which will be held the first day, rules and regulations were mailed to more than 50 riders and the indications are thai the contest will be the largest ever held in the State. The following prizes I have been offered: First, |25; second, i $15; third, $10 and fojirth, $5. Mr. David B. Smith of the Charlotte bar, has been selected as orator to deliver the charge to the Sir Knights before they enter the contest. Mr. Jno. M. Craig, chief marshal, is busily engaged appointing his assistants and hopes to have his list ready by the end Jf the week. New Registration Unnecessary. In the absence of Attorney General Gilmer, F. M. Simmons, chairman oi the State Democratic Executive Committee requested an opinion from Pou & Fuller, regarding the operation of the dew election law. They made a report to the effect that a new general registration is not necessary this year, that the registration books of 1902 should be revised, and the names oi voters who have died since that time, removed to other precincts or who have otherwise become eligible, should be stricken from the list and all remain ing transcriDea Dy me registrar ?u mc new books, to which new registrations should be made. Where new precincts j have been formed, new registrations I are necessary in the new precincts and in all old ones from which the new pre cincts wore taken. Sir William Harcourt Dead. Ixmdon, By Cable?Sir William Vernon Harcourt, "the finest political gladiator of his age," died very suddenly Saturday at Nuneham Park, near Oxford, the country seat which he recently inherited from his nephew. Only his wife, a daughter of the late John Lothrop Motley, the historian and former American minister Ui Great. Britain, was with. him. New President Inaugurated. Newton, Special.?Rev. George A. Snyder, A. M., the new president of Catawba College, was inaugurated here Saturday, the ceremonies being attended by a large number of people. The exercises were held at 11 o'clock in the college chapel, and a numbc; of addresses were made by prominent 1 - m *V,/v r> Arm j memoens ui nm ?uuiuh,u v-?.vU. i under whose auspices the college Is conducted. Responses were read j from a number of prominent citizen.4, i who regretted their inability to at tend the inauguration, among these being a letter from President Roosevelt, Lynching Case Postponed. Huntsville, Ala., Special.?Continu; ance of the arson case of James Arm ; strong, because of the absence of important witnesses for the State, dis i poses of the last lynching case foi t the present Five alleged lyncherwere acquitted, and ono is held ovci because of a hung jury Armstrong will be given a hearing at the Novem > ber term of court. Application foi bail has been refused. MR. DAVIS ACCEPST I I Writes Letter to Committe Defining Lis Position j HIS VIEWS ON VARIOL'S ISSUES ? ? j The Democratic Candidates for Vice President Thinks the Times Are Propitious for the Reinstatement of . His Party in Control of the Govern- j ment. The letter of acceptance of Hon. Henry G. Davis, candidate for vice- I president on the Democratic ticket, has been made public, and is in substance , as follows: I Hon. John Sharp Williams, Chairman, and Other Members of the Commit- ; tee. Dear Sirs: In accordance with custcm. and my promise when notified by our committee at White Sulphur Springs, on August 17, of my nomina - - ^ -a T lion ror hip uuii'c ui viic ncauiciib, & submit the following observations upon , some of the questions now before the | country. > TIMES PROPITIOUS FOR A , CHANGE. The tmies are propitiouB for the re- I Instatement of the Democratic party in control of the government. The public ruind is being disillusioned of the pretension of the Republican, party, so long and so arrogantly made, that the material prosperity of the country de- I ' pends upon its own ascendancy. Thoughtful and patriotic people are becoming more and more distrustful of the heady and personal element of the present administration, and are more than willing to see it replaced by one that better recognizes constitutional and other lawful restraints. They demand that the present wasteful extravagance in the expenditure of the money, drawn by taxation from the industry of the people, shall cease, and that economy and honesty in the public service shall be again regarded as vir- | tues in the high places of the government EXPENSES OF GOVERNMENT. The expenditures per capita of tlve government are increasing at an alarming rate. When the present administration went into power there was a large surplus, but notwithstanding the enormous taxation, the revenues therefrom ore not now adequate to. meet the demands made by reckless appropria1 tions. The revenues fell short dur'ng the last fiscal year, of over $40,000,000. In the first sixty days of this fiscal year the expenditures exceeded the receipts hy $24,000,000, and if this rate of excess should continue, the deficit for the present fiscal year would be In the neighborhood of $140,000,000. This needless deficit is due to the extravagance of the -J ? nrwl no n nnlv hf? mfit hV ilUllliuiau auuu, auu Vu.v ? _v imposing taxes or selling bonds, thereby Increasing the interest-bearing debt of the government. Which course will the Repubicans adopt? The cost of government during the fiscal year was $7.14 per capita, which means that the average tax paid in some form or another by every family of five persons toward the support of the national administration of public affairs was over $25, which, in the case of wage-earners, | is a considerable percentage of their earnings for the year. No more money should be taken from the people by taxation, direct or indirect. than Is necessary for the needs of a government economically administered. To show the rapid growth of the cost of government it is only necessary to give the total expenditures In the last fiscal year of the following administrations: Buc hanan, 1860, $63,000,000. Per capita, $2.01. Cleveland, 1892, $345,000,000. Per capita. $5.29. Roosevelt, 1904, $582,000,000. Per cap? | ita, $7.14. THE ARMY. In answer to criticisms upon the size and expense of maintaining the army, the President has said that the number of soldiers now is no greater per capita than in former times. But an army then was necessary to protect settlers from the Indians and to do other police duty in the unsettled portion of the tttVi rtfl nflt TlOW I UUUULljr?tuuuiuuuo ww I exist. The army, however, has greatly Increased in cost much faster relatively than it has in numbers. The expenses were: Under Buchanan in I860....$16,500,000 Under Hayes in. 1880......... S8.000.000 Under Roosevelt in 1904 115,000.000 There are strong paragraphs on the Panama question, Imperialism, the Tariff, Trusts, etc. On the matter of local self-government, Mr. Davis says: Local self-government, that came to un not as the gift of the national govcnrment, but as the legitimate outcome ot the reserve powers of the State and of the people, is the very corner-stone of our political structure and the best assurance of liberty regulated by law. It canjonly be maiptained by strict observance of the limitation of the Federal constitution. The Democratic party has always resisted, and will continue tc resist, the encroachment by its enemies upon the fundamental right of the people of the several States. All power comes from the people and should be surrendered only in the interests of the people, and whenever this power is used for selfish Interests, it is not only abuse, but usurpation. On the race issue Mr. Davis writes as follows: All lovers of theii* country must depreciate tho rehabilitation by the Republican party of a disappearing race ->1 rime when every effort should be rcade to promote rather than retard the progress which was being made in the States where 3lavery had existed, toward kindlier relations between the two races. The revival of this issue, with all'its attendant evils, must c* necessity retard the development of the Southern States, whose people are struggling manfully with conditions left by the war, and seriously inter. fers with the industrial progress of both races. JUDGE PARKER. The late Democratic convention, and : its candidate for President, have given signal exhibition of a mutual respect , r.nd confidence almost unprecedented ' in our political history, and our party has received new inspiration and hope , in its appeal to the people, who always, apprecj.?t.Q. and admire courage. character ami discretion in their leadera. Our candidate has these qualities and can be depended upon at all times to observe that self-control in speech and action which is so necessary to safe reasoning and sound judgment With unabated trust in the efficiency of the cardinal principles of our great party, when applied to the practical administration of government, to realize the blessings of peace and prosperity for all, and believing that the people will correct the present abuses of administration by a change of party in power, I await with confidence the result of their Judgment at the polls. Very truly yours,' H. G. DAVIS Georgia Boll Weevil Scare. Covington, Ga., Special.?An insect supposed to be a boll weevil has been found in this county on the plantation of L. F. Duke. Charles G. Smith suit j jected the Insect to a microscopic examination and compared it with an enlarged picture of the boll weevil Issued by the Department of Agriculture. and he finds it to be practically Monflnal with the epr.tilne Mexican boll weevil. They had not been discovered until the recent hot, dry v f ather, but they are becoming quite numerous now. Woman Convicted. Birmingham, Special.?In the secend division of the criminal court Thursday Mrs. Jennie English, the wife of a miner residing at Littleton, I was convicted on the charge of carrying oncealcd weapons and a fine of , |50 and costs was assessed against her. This is probably the first in stance in Alabama that a white woman has been convicted on the charge of carrying concealed weapons. NEWSY GLEANINGS. Locusts have become a plague In Spain. j British coal Is now shipped to Jerusalem. i The war has already cost Japan flG'J.OOO.OOO ! Many people were killed this year in gatherirg edelweiss on the Alps. Ex-Senator W. E. Chandler broke an arm trying to start his automobile at ! Warner, N II. In an impromptu dnel at Mldd'ebnro, Ky., Max Wolf was killed and Jellerson Liter seriously wounded. In a fit of melancholia Mrs. Bessie Pc-k drowned her three-year-old daughter and herself at Kausas Ciiy, Mo. I i The two colliers authorized by Congress for the navy will be built in the Government yards at New York City and Mare Island. By the explosion of alcohol In the Marion (Ind.) Hospital Burr Wallace, an employe, was killed and several olliers were injured. Fruit and vegetable growers In Florida, Alabama, Georgia and Mississippi met at Jacksonville to organize to secure better markets, i Four persons were killed by n freight train on the Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad running down a two-hors? wagon near Chagrin Falls, O. Derailed by cows on the track, a Michigan Central train was thrown into the ditch at T.inwood, Mich., and Engineer Thomas Rao was killed. A Biutrton (Ind.) man has filed a bankruptcy petition, in which he claims to have been ruined by an automobile which originally cost only $d(XX Two hundred children in the Longfellow school at Chicago went on strike because a ponular principal was rej moved, hut the mothers ended the i walk-out. ! * PROMINENT TEOrLE. "k* King Edward VII. goes to chcrcb regularly. Dr. .Tameson, the Can* of Good Hope Frcniler. Is now ^n London, i Justice Wills, of Great Britain, Is said to contemplate retirement. Edward II. narriman went to Wail Street as a broker while in his teens. Friends of Lord Cnrzon predict that lie will yet be the Grand Lama of Tibet. Admiral Ocnrge Dewey recently completed fifty years' active service In the United States Nary. Coni'i',! \ s *rtwfin who carried the message to Garcia, is soon to wed Mrs. Josephine Deg eayer, of San Francisco. | OM Mother Smil-vs-nt-Woe. the oldest ! member of the Winnebago tribe, is living with her people on a reservalion in Nebraska. The veteran Norwegian anthor, Jonas I.le. intends to Dave Paris, where he ha< lived for many years, and abide for the future in Norway. Thomas W. P^ier. sunerintendent of tiie In.lit.i school at Cliemaw, Ore., lias been married to a quarter-blood Digger girl, a pupil at the school. Cheng Yow Tong. former secretary of the Chinese Commission to ihe St. Louis Fair, has published a volume of poems relating, in the main, to the United Slates. Mgr. GnidI, Apostodc Delegate to the Philippines, whose death at Manila at the .age of fifty-two has been noted, was supposed to bo one of the Cardinals r -served "in petto" by Pius X, Undoubtedly the oldest living poet Is Colon Wallace, who lives at Ougbternrd. Ireland. lie was boru in 171)0, and 5s 108 rears old. A new collection of Lis poems lins just been published by the Gaelic League of Dublin. _____ Sokotra Aloes the Best. The most valuable aloes come from , the island of Sokotra, which lies just off the east African coast from Cape Guardaful. The drug itself is the bitter resinous juice of the leaves of the aloe plant that has been hardened in the sun. These leaves are of a fibrous, fleshy nature and, in addition to the juice, the natives make this fiber into rope, many insisting that it makes ft better rope than hemp. Where Gravel Road* Are Practicable* IIE average farmer In the J corn belt States rebels O T o when bard reads are die X X cussed. He at once sect "^0>r visions of increased taxation and Inadequate returns. Betef naturally conservative, be objects to tbe expenditure of largesums ef meaey unless he is thoroughly satisfied that adequate profits will result As a rule tbis conservatism is wIool. -- . i _ Is mt. v A1UC11 UJUUfJf UU9 uccu naouu ?_ teuipts to secure bard roads, and tie matter should be thoroughly Investigated before improvement Is undertaken. Where gravel or stone to net available excellent earth roads van he secured by thorough dragging, leveling the road carefully, then grading or . . * dragging a sufficient number of times during the season to keep the surface level und preveut water standing. This bus been demonstrated over and over again, and attempts to force hard rood legislation upon such sections wifl <* never avail. On the other band, in many localities. good gravel suitable for road making is available and should be nsed. The expense of banling must of coarse be carefully considered. As s role this can be done by the farmers themselves when work is slack. They can, In fact; work out their road tax Is this wag. The mistake has frequently been mads by using gravel containing a large per* centage of clay. Of coarse some elsg Is desirable, so that the material will compact firmly and make s solid bed. Too much, however, will result in A muddy surface and a tendency to stick- , iness after every rain, and particularly in early spring. After securing the gravel spread It on the surface at least eight feet wide and one foot thick, going over with a heavy roller and compacting as completeiy as possible. A medium irhlch^S^^w will result in a solid bed will be satisfactory. Sometimes a smoothing harrow can be used to advantage In connection with the roller. As travel proceeds and the gravel becomes compact watch the road carefully, filling op all holes and leveling down any elevations. * ?.1.^ arul IMS must 01' aiifuuuu iv piwuiyr%i^ w continuously until the road Is solid and level. Neglect of this results In an uneven surface which never can be made quite satisfactory. in some sections gravel la simply applied to the surface a little wider thaa the ordinary wagon. This will ana wee j fairly well and is of course a more Inexpensive method. However, it It much better to have an eight-foot road so that wagons can pass in a wet timet J without getting out into the mud. , | For best results the grave! shoold b* graded, and the large coarser parts apI plied first, the second grade next and i the third or finest applied to the surface. Roll after each application. If the gravel is dry when It Is pnt oa i water cugbt to be applied when the ' rolling Is being done. This can be easily accomplished by the use of an ordinary tank, such as is used for conveying water to traction engines. | In many localities the grave! Is simply applied to the road as It comes from the pit. The results are not of course quite as satisfactory, but the cost of construction is much smaller. In a few localities in the Central West It may pay to brea': stone and nsaks roads with that material. They, of course, are much mote durable than gravel roads, but are very much more expensive. As stated in the beginning each locality must devise Its own read system. Drnlnnjra For Good It is instructive to observe how steadII v tho feeling Is growing that draiaage and not thickness of metaling la th? main essential in road building. How* ever much we may respect the memor* les of Macadam, Telford and other great road builders who first led public authorities toward a sensible method of construction for country highways, the fact remains that many of their recommendations are now known to bo misleading. Their advice was imper- , tant at the time when it was given, but it is not in keeping with the broader knowledge of the present time, gained by careful examination of roads built in strict conformity with well-known specifications. Years ago tbe theory, of thin roads, with a V-abaped drain along the centre, received favor. Thi4 V-shapfd drain is as effective both for removing tbe water and supporting the metaling as side drains and s Telford base. Its cost is approximately seventy-seven cents per lineal foot of road less than construction with a Telford base and two drains, and thirty-flvo cents less than tbe same base with * single side drain. This system of construction is directly opposite to that advanced in most of the accepted manuals on tbe subject. | The old idea has been to get the water I off tbe roadbed just as quickly as posI sible. To accomplish this the subgrade bfis ho?r? crowded and rolled and the lower courses of stops are coarse and often of considerable thickness. Bj the new system of construction the water remains on the roadbed and is collected by the outlet drains at fiftyfoot points, the draining not being disturbed along each side of the road, but concentrated at a regular series of points.?Engineering Record. Fresh operations against the porpoises. which are spoiling the sanliat- A fishery on the coast of Brittany, aiv to be undertaken by a French torpedo boat m M -.A