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THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY. S. C T HOUGH THE state department has been getting all the brick bats lor past Far Eastern failures, the inside story of what happened in Korea makes the diplomats look a lot better than the U.S. military. Though Secretary .of Defense Johnson and General Bradley were in Tokyo just a few days before the Korean attack, they received no word from General MacArthur that there was any danger. In fact, MacArthur seemed com pletely obsessed with trouble in Japan and the idea of keeping For mosa. The latter island seems to have a sentimental attachment for MacArthur, perhaps because it was the Jap jumping-off spot for the Philippine invasion. Not only is Korea only about 30 miles from Japan and completely in MacArthur’s military jurisdiction, but millions of dollars are spent an nually for counterespionage to see what the prospective enemy is do ing. It is exactly for the purpose preventing surprises such as tha> which has now occurred in Korea that the U.S. army and central in telligence have been allotted huge budgets since the war—far bigger than that allowed the state depart ment , How badly U.S. military chiefs were caught off base is shown by the fact that just before the trouble Undersecretary of De fense Steve Early left for a three-day trip in the Middle- west, while several high offi cials took a pleasure jaunt on a boat off Norfolk. In fact, Sec retary Johnson and General Bradley joined them later. On the other hand, state depart ment expert Ambassador John J. Muccio came to Washington over a month ago and privately warned that Korea was in danger of attack. At first he had hard sledding. The joint chiefs of staff said they had no warning from MacArthur, who is supposed to keep an eye on Korea. However, Ambassador Muccio cited chapter and verse regarding Com munist troop concentrations in the north; finally got a shipment ol heavy artillery, capable of stopping Soviet tanks. This artillery was actually on the high seas and due in Korea this week—-when suddenly Moscow at tacked. Note — U .S. counterespionage agents are on the trail of the leak regarding news of this arms ship ment. The fact that heavy artillery was en route was a secret known to only a few high officials in Wash ington and Seoul. Obviously, how ever, the secret leaked to the Com- munists, with their attack timed to begin before the artillery arrived. A Korean beauty, the mistress of an American officer in Korea, is under investigation in connection with the leak. Stubborn Rhee a Problem One of the U.S.A.’s problems in bolstering Korea was a likable, well-meaning stubborn Korean who long lived in exile in Washington 60-year - old President Syngmar Rhee. Rhee came to the United States as a student, studied unde? Woodrow Wilsof when he was s professor at Princeton, was sc dose to Wilson that he attended his wedding. t Later, as the Jap war lords tightened their grip on Korea, Rhee found It unwise to go home, and set up a government- tn-exile in Washington. At one time Cordell Hull intervened on his behalf when Rhee wanted to marry aa Austrian woman but could not get a passport visa. Learning of this. Secretary Hull told his passport officials to ex pedite the visa, thus Rhee got married. After V-J day Syngman Rhee Seemed a natural to become presi dent of Korea, and with the help of the U.S. military he was put in office. However, Rhee, then over 80, was too old, too rigid, had lived too long outside his country, was not familiar with modern Korean problems. Ambassador Muccio has had session after session with the stubborn Rhee, demanding that he dean up graft, hold elections, and purge the Communists from his government. The latter had caused wholesale desertions from the Korean army, had inspired guerrilla attacks and intermittent uprisings. Finally Rhee agreed to hold elec tions on May 30, and on that date his party lost, probably a reason for Red invasion. 'Despite Red attempts to incite revolution and angry speeches, the U.S. military failed to think there was any danger in Korea. .Note—It is interesting that just two dayi before the Korean attack, the central intelligence agency, set up to Varn the United States of military'' movements before they start, reported that not since V-J day had the world seemed more peaceful The Russians, CIA re ported, had ceased threatening troop movements and border concentra tions. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS 1 United States Ground Forces Sent Into Korea; Uneasy World Fears Crisis May Lead to New World War (EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed in these eolnmns, they are those ef Western Newspaper Union’s news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) KOREA WAR: U. S. Fights • Eight days after the Communists of North Korea invaded United States sponsored South Korea the people of the democratic nations were breathing a little easier, with only an occasional shiver of fear sweeping down their spines. Developments in the crisis, which could yet plunge the world into World War III, came quickly after the initial invasion. Using tanks ancj, planes which the southern forces lacked, the Commu nists swept through Seoul and with in 12 miles of Suwon, important air base of South Korea. The army of South Korea made stand after stand, but could not halt the Russian made tanks and planes used by the Communists. Within 48 hours after the opening attack South Korea was in a difficult posi tion and for a time it appeared the invaders would sweep south with less and less opposition. Then came the historical order of President Truman sending United States navy and air force units to the aid of South Korea. It was fol lowed two days later with an order sending U.S. troops to the battle line. Military operations developed quickly and with surprising effi ciency. Observers throughout the world were astonished at the speed with which the United States got fighting forces into the field. Following the President’s first order, the air force in Japan and naval units in that area, were put under command of General Mac Arthur. The planes immediately at tacked Communist troop concentra tions, tanks and planes. The navy blockaded the Korean coast. Within 24 hours after the sec ond order, troops had landed in South Korea and were well on their way to the front. Meanwhile, the South Korea army had rallied and established a temporary line along the Hon river. The Communist army crossed the river at one point and advanced toward Suwon. General MacArthur has at his disposal in Japan four U.S. infantry divisions, consisting of 15,000 men each, a number of tanks and heavy guns. Whether or not he will use all of them depends upon develop ments within the next week or two, observers reported. The military picture in Korea re mains confused and the future de pends almost entirely upon what the Russians decide to do in the way of aid to the North Korea army. Responsible sources report Amer ican and South Korea forces, using tanks, planes and heavy guns which the United States will provide, should check and then drive out the Communists. Experience and material throws the advantage to the democracies—that is, if the Soviet Union decides not to take an active part in the affair. MURDER: Admits Arson Newspaper readers throughout the country forgot the Korean cri sis long enough to express horror over the confession of a 20-year-old Circleville, O., youth who admitted setting the Ringling Brothers circus fire in Hartford, Conn., in 1944 that killed 168 persons and injured 412 others. The youth, Robert Dale Segree, also admitted that he was person ally responsible for the slaying of four persons. The youth admitted setting be tween 25 and 30 major fires in Portland, Me., between 1939 and 1946 and other fires in New Hamp shire and Ohio. He confessed killing a watchman who caught him setting a fire in a warehouse in Portland, Me., March 16^ 1943; a 12-year-old boy, strangled to death on the beach at Cape Cot tage, Me., in 1943; a 9-year-old girl, beaten to death with a stone during a fit of anger, and a Japanese boy, killed in Japan in 1949 while Segree was in the United States army of occupation. Segree gave this explanation of the fires: A flaming red Indian horseman awakens him at night and tells him to set the fires. Then ftis mind goes blank and the .next thing he remembers is that the fires have been started. The red Indian then is off his horse. He drives Segree away with taunts and sneers. RAILROADS: Strike Goes On The government asked striking A.F.L. switchmen to end their walx- out against five midwest and west ern railroads because of the “cur rent critical developments’’ aris ing from the Korean war, but the railroaders refused. They offered to help the rail road move any material the gov ernment deemed essential. The union said the reference to patriot ism “borders on insult.” Red Amazons These poker-faced girls, held at a South Korea guardhouse, were members of a Communist guerrilla band that crossed the border and which was finally driven back. The girls said they were conscripted as guerrilla fighters when they proved too weak to help pull plows. EUROPE: A Case of Shakes Europe suffered a severe case of “shakes” following the outbreak of the Korean conflict. Europeans saw the horrors of World War II as it progressed across that continent from east to west, and what they saw will not soon be forgotten. With this memory and a strong belief that Russia had finally come from behind the iron curtain to fight World War III, the nerves oi Europeans were at the breaking point for the first week of the crisis. As the situation developed, how ever, the tension eased, but by no means vanished. In many areas, Berlin for instance, the majoritj felt World War III had begun. In other sections the thought persisted that it was a dangerous situation, but with hopes it would not set tht world afire v/ith war. Some of the reactions: Vienna—Austrians were begin ning to breathe easier after the first week of war jitters, but there re mained widespread fear of war. There was a notable surge of growing confidence in the United Nations and the United States. Frankfurt—The Germans, both east and west, were plainly scared at the possibility of the Korean struggle drawing Europe into a shooting war. Berlin—War fears in Berlin ap parently were worse than at the start of the Soviet blockade of Ber lin two years ago. London — Extremely disturbed over the possibility of war, but ap proved the action of the United States. The thought persisted that the Russians are not ready for a full scale war. UNITED STATES: A United Front More than anywhere else In the world, the Korean incident was up permost in the minds of Ameri cans. There was a great fear of war in all sections of the country. But most surprising reaction was the united front presented to the rest of the world. Americans in every walk of life approved of President Truman’s ac tion. One and all approved the deci sion that told communism that the United States would stand by its commitments and the point had been reached where democracy would make a stand against total itarianism. Even congress, which has pre sented a confusing picture of in consistencies during the Truman administration, approved of the chief executive’s action. Senator Taft of Ohio, apparently unwilling to rise above the political view, took the opportunity to de mand the resignation of Secretary of State Acheson. Many observers found his senate speech untimely. He demanded the resignation of Acheson on the grounds his policy in the Far East had been reversed completely by President Truman and he had, therefore, been opera ting under the wrong policy. For thar reason he insisted Mr. Acheson had outlived his usefulness. Rep. Vito Marcantonio, noted for his Communist leanings, added his voice of protest, but most people were inclined to consider the source and let it go at that. Politics A new movement was seen in the Republican party following a meeting in Philadelphia of repre sentatives from 10 states and is suance of a “declaration of prin ciples.” Henry V. Poor, former president of the New York Young Republi cans, said the group drafted the “declaration of principles” as a basis of “revitalizing the Republl i can party.” TAXES: House Votes Cut The 1950 tax bill, much to the amazement of Washington observ ers, won the approval of the house of representatives with a top-heavy vote of 375 to 14. As the measure went to the senate, observers were not making any predictions. The biM calls for $1,010,000,000 of reductions in the excise taxes an nually paid on furs, jewelry, lug gage, toilet articles, admissions, communications, transportation and many other items. The revenue loss, however, is offset by provisions to increase corporation taxes $433,000,000 an nually and close loopholes in other tax laws. Observerj were making no pre dictions about senate action be cause of, complexities stemming from the Koreah war. Many sena tors have indicated the tax prob lem would be much different and any relief might be ruled out if the situation developed demanding in creases in this country’s military budget. The Republicans have been fight ing the measure because of the proposed increase in corporation taxes. Also in the tax news, federal rev enue in May soared nearly half a billion dollars above that of the same month a year ago. But the total for the first 11 months in the fiscal year ending July 1 was still more than a billion below that of the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year, the internal revenue bureau re ported. The revenue in May from individ ual and corporation income taxes and from employment taxes was well up last year. For example, the individual income taxes collected In May were $1,878,357, 644, as com pared with $1,604,794,824 in May, 1949. DRAFT LAW: Boys Must Register President Truman sigped the draft bill into law. It gives him un restricted authority to order in ductions resumed at any time and empowers him to put the National/ Guard and the reserves on active duty any time he sees fit to do so. The law runs until July 9, 1951, and males from 19 to 26 are subject^ to induction. Observers were not much sur prised at the extension of the selec tive service law after the Korean incident, hit the headlines. Before that, however, congress was in a knock down drag out battle over the bill. VHien first considered last spring there was considerable doubt that' the lawmakers would grant a con tinuation. . At the minimum, they wanted to limit the President’s pow er to start inductions going again. The Korean situation, however, brought about quick agreement. GAMBLING: Blow to Bookmakers A senate subcommittee investi gating gambling throughout the country have released the names of more than 2,000 subscribers to racing news wire services. The move was newsworthy in that it should prove “useful” to local law enforcement officials in com batting gambling. Senator Ernest W. McFarland, chairman of the committee, said his group had no proof that any particular individual on the list was a bookmaker. He pointed out that some listings—for newspapers, radio stations and the like—obvious ly fall outside the gambling realm. But he added: “I believe the majority of those listed are bookmakers.” The committee has announced plans to hold hearings this month in Miami, St. Louis, Kansas City and Chicago. Nominated Willis Smith and Mrs. Smith cast their votes in the North Carolina run - off primary. Smith defeated Sen. Frank Graham, one of President Tru man’s southern supporters. The Democratic nomination is tant amount to election in North Carolina. EMPLOYMENT: Near Record Employment in the United States in June soared to the highest levels reached since the record month of July, 1948, statistics from the bu reau of the census revealed. Agricultural employment rose to 9,046,000 compared with 8,062,000 in May. Nonagricultural employ ment rose by 750,000 to a total of 52,436,000 between May and June. For five straight months the em ployment has increased. GRIM-FACED TRUMAN DISCUSSES KOREAN CRISIS '. . . Cutting short a vacation in Missonri, President Truman is shown upon his arrival in Washington following the invasion of South Korea by Commu nists. He was met by Defense Secretary Johnson (left) and Secretary of State Dean Acheson (right). The seriousness Of the situation is re flected on the faces of three of this country’s top officials. His historif intervention order was made a few hoars later. KOREAN ADVISOR . w . Maj. Gen. Frank A. Keating replaced Brig. Gen. William Roberts as the U.S. Army Korean military advisor. At the time of Communist -attack on South Korea he was enroute to the orient* Shirley FBI BAGS NATION’S MOST WANTED CRIMINAL . . . Henry H. Shelton, 40, one of the nation’s most ‘wanted’ criminals was shot and captured in a gun battle with FBI agents In Indianapolis. No relation to the famops Shelton gang of lower Illinois, he was wanted for kidnaping gnd auto theft. BERLIN COMMUNISTS BLOW UP CHURCH . . . The historic Georgian church, one of Berlin's most famous landmarks on the Alexander Plata, survived the fire and explosives of World War II. The Communists, con trary to reports by engineers, termed it unsafe and destroyed It by dynamite. Protestant leaders protested, but the demolition sqnad de stroyed it as Communist police and Russian soldiers cowed an indignant crowd of Berliners. The church was damaged by World War H bombs. V -jjll I \ ■ . |X81|r : , : — ' ill ■■ - ■aw wfe* •. & Jllpl Pip PITIFUL REMAINS TELL MUTE STORY OF AIR TRAGEDY . • • Coast guardsmen examine clothing found scattered from the wreck of Northwest Airlines plane which vanished In Lake Michigan daring a thunderstorm. After a week’s search by hundreds of boats and planes only scattered bits ef clothing, a child’s doll, and small pieces of the aircraft were found. Fifty-eight persons died in the crash which was tha worst in the nation's history of commercial air travel. BEACH BEAUTY . . Penta, a vacationer to Beach, makes pretty footprints on the sand and cats a prettier figure as she lets the sand fly. She was an entry In the "Miss Hampton Beach” beauty contest. CLASSIFIB DEPARTI BUSINESS A INVEST. OPP< OCEAN fishing pier, caie f^ 5 room cottage on fast Smowing making big return on owners inves. Reason for selling, owner forced to on account of otl>er _ bu ? l V es J‘ appointment. C. A. Daniel, Box 7, Head, N. C. . T . SACRIFICE—$18,000. 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