The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, July 21, 1950, Image 2
THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY. S. C
T HOUGH THE state department
has been getting all the brick
bats lor past Far Eastern failures,
the inside story of what happened in
Korea makes the diplomats look a
lot better than the U.S. military.
Though Secretary .of Defense
Johnson and General Bradley were
in Tokyo just a few days before the
Korean attack, they received no
word from General MacArthur that
there was any danger.
In fact, MacArthur seemed com
pletely obsessed with trouble in
Japan and the idea of keeping For
mosa. The latter island seems to
have a sentimental attachment for
MacArthur, perhaps because it was
the Jap jumping-off spot for the
Philippine invasion.
Not only is Korea only about 30
miles from Japan and completely
in MacArthur’s military jurisdiction,
but millions of dollars are spent an
nually for counterespionage to see
what the prospective enemy is do
ing. It is exactly for the purpose
preventing surprises such as tha>
which has now occurred in Korea
that the U.S. army and central in
telligence have been allotted huge
budgets since the war—far bigger
than that allowed the state depart
ment ,
How badly U.S. military chiefs
were caught off base is shown
by the fact that just before the
trouble Undersecretary of De
fense Steve Early left for a
three-day trip in the Middle-
west, while several high offi
cials took a pleasure jaunt on
a boat off Norfolk. In fact, Sec
retary Johnson and General
Bradley joined them later.
On the other hand, state depart
ment expert Ambassador John J.
Muccio came to Washington over
a month ago and privately warned
that Korea was in danger of attack.
At first he had hard sledding. The
joint chiefs of staff said they had no
warning from MacArthur, who is
supposed to keep an eye on Korea.
However, Ambassador Muccio cited
chapter and verse regarding Com
munist troop concentrations in the
north; finally got a shipment ol
heavy artillery, capable of stopping
Soviet tanks.
This artillery was actually on the
high seas and due in Korea this
week—-when suddenly Moscow at
tacked.
Note — U .S. counterespionage
agents are on the trail of the leak
regarding news of this arms ship
ment. The fact that heavy artillery
was en route was a secret known
to only a few high officials in Wash
ington and Seoul. Obviously, how
ever, the secret leaked to the Com-
munists, with their attack timed to
begin before the artillery arrived.
A Korean beauty, the mistress of
an American officer in Korea, is
under investigation in connection
with the leak.
Stubborn Rhee a Problem
One of the U.S.A.’s problems in
bolstering Korea was a likable,
well-meaning stubborn Korean who
long lived in exile in Washington
60-year - old President Syngmar
Rhee. Rhee came to the United
States as a student, studied unde?
Woodrow Wilsof when he was s
professor at Princeton, was sc
dose to Wilson that he attended his
wedding.
t Later, as the Jap war lords
tightened their grip on Korea,
Rhee found It unwise to go
home, and set up a government-
tn-exile in Washington. At one
time Cordell Hull intervened on
his behalf when Rhee wanted to
marry aa Austrian woman but
could not get a passport visa.
Learning of this. Secretary Hull
told his passport officials to ex
pedite the visa, thus Rhee got
married.
After V-J day Syngman Rhee
Seemed a natural to become presi
dent of Korea, and with the help of
the U.S. military he was put in
office. However, Rhee, then over
80, was too old, too rigid, had lived
too long outside his country, was
not familiar with modern Korean
problems. Ambassador Muccio has
had session after session with the
stubborn Rhee, demanding that he
dean up graft, hold elections, and
purge the Communists from his
government. The latter had caused
wholesale desertions from the
Korean army, had inspired guerrilla
attacks and intermittent uprisings.
Finally Rhee agreed to hold elec
tions on May 30, and on that date
his party lost, probably a reason
for Red invasion.
'Despite Red attempts to incite
revolution and angry speeches, the
U.S. military failed to think there
was any danger in Korea.
.Note—It is interesting that just
two dayi before the Korean attack,
the central intelligence agency, set
up to Varn the United States of
military'' movements before they
start, reported that not since V-J
day had the world seemed more
peaceful The Russians, CIA re
ported, had ceased threatening troop
movements and border concentra
tions.
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS 1
United States Ground Forces Sent
Into Korea; Uneasy World Fears
Crisis May Lead to New World War
(EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed in these eolnmns, they are those ef
Western Newspaper Union’s news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.)
KOREA WAR:
U. S. Fights •
Eight days after the Communists
of North Korea invaded United
States sponsored South Korea the
people of the democratic nations
were breathing a little easier, with
only an occasional shiver of fear
sweeping down their spines.
Developments in the crisis, which
could yet plunge the world into
World War III, came quickly after
the initial invasion.
Using tanks ancj, planes which the
southern forces lacked, the Commu
nists swept through Seoul and with
in 12 miles of Suwon, important air
base of South Korea.
The army of South Korea made
stand after stand, but could not halt
the Russian made tanks and planes
used by the Communists. Within 48
hours after the opening attack
South Korea was in a difficult posi
tion and for a time it appeared the
invaders would sweep south with
less and less opposition.
Then came the historical order of
President Truman sending United
States navy and air force units to
the aid of South Korea. It was fol
lowed two days later with an order
sending U.S. troops to the battle
line.
Military operations developed
quickly and with surprising effi
ciency. Observers throughout the
world were astonished at the speed
with which the United States got
fighting forces into the field.
Following the President’s first
order, the air force in Japan and
naval units in that area, were put
under command of General Mac
Arthur. The planes immediately at
tacked Communist troop concentra
tions, tanks and planes. The navy
blockaded the Korean coast.
Within 24 hours after the sec
ond order, troops had landed in
South Korea and were well on their
way to the front.
Meanwhile, the South Korea
army had rallied and established
a temporary line along the Hon
river. The Communist army
crossed the river at one point and
advanced toward Suwon.
General MacArthur has at his
disposal in Japan four U.S. infantry
divisions, consisting of 15,000 men
each, a number of tanks and heavy
guns. Whether or not he will use
all of them depends upon develop
ments within the next week or two,
observers reported.
The military picture in Korea re
mains confused and the future de
pends almost entirely upon what
the Russians decide to do in the
way of aid to the North Korea
army.
Responsible sources report Amer
ican and South Korea forces, using
tanks, planes and heavy guns which
the United States will provide,
should check and then drive out
the Communists. Experience and
material throws the advantage to
the democracies—that is, if the
Soviet Union decides not to take an
active part in the affair.
MURDER:
Admits Arson
Newspaper readers throughout
the country forgot the Korean cri
sis long enough to express horror
over the confession of a 20-year-old
Circleville, O., youth who admitted
setting the Ringling Brothers circus
fire in Hartford, Conn., in 1944 that
killed 168 persons and injured 412
others.
The youth, Robert Dale Segree,
also admitted that he was person
ally responsible for the slaying of
four persons.
The youth admitted setting be
tween 25 and 30 major fires
in Portland, Me., between 1939 and
1946 and other fires in New Hamp
shire and Ohio.
He confessed killing a watchman
who caught him setting a fire in a
warehouse in Portland, Me., March
16^ 1943; a 12-year-old boy, strangled
to death on the beach at Cape Cot
tage, Me., in 1943; a 9-year-old girl,
beaten to death with a stone during
a fit of anger, and a Japanese boy,
killed in Japan in 1949 while Segree
was in the United States army of
occupation.
Segree gave this explanation of
the fires:
A flaming red Indian horseman
awakens him at night and tells
him to set the fires. Then ftis mind
goes blank and the .next thing he
remembers is that the fires have
been started. The red Indian then
is off his horse. He drives Segree
away with taunts and sneers.
RAILROADS:
Strike Goes On
The government asked striking
A.F.L. switchmen to end their walx-
out against five midwest and west
ern railroads because of the “cur
rent critical developments’’ aris
ing from the Korean war, but the
railroaders refused.
They offered to help the rail
road move any material the gov
ernment deemed essential. The
union said the reference to patriot
ism “borders on insult.”
Red Amazons
These poker-faced girls, held
at a South Korea guardhouse,
were members of a Communist
guerrilla band that crossed the
border and which was finally
driven back. The girls said they
were conscripted as guerrilla
fighters when they proved too
weak to help pull plows.
EUROPE:
A Case of Shakes
Europe suffered a severe case of
“shakes” following the outbreak of
the Korean conflict. Europeans saw
the horrors of World War II as it
progressed across that continent
from east to west, and what they
saw will not soon be forgotten.
With this memory and a strong
belief that Russia had finally come
from behind the iron curtain to
fight World War III, the nerves oi
Europeans were at the breaking
point for the first week of the crisis.
As the situation developed, how
ever, the tension eased, but by no
means vanished. In many areas,
Berlin for instance, the majoritj
felt World War III had begun. In
other sections the thought persisted
that it was a dangerous situation,
but with hopes it would not set tht
world afire v/ith war.
Some of the reactions:
Vienna—Austrians were begin
ning to breathe easier after the first
week of war jitters, but there re
mained widespread fear of war.
There was a notable surge of
growing confidence in the United
Nations and the United States.
Frankfurt—The Germans, both
east and west, were plainly scared
at the possibility of the Korean
struggle drawing Europe into a
shooting war.
Berlin—War fears in Berlin ap
parently were worse than at the
start of the Soviet blockade of Ber
lin two years ago.
London — Extremely disturbed
over the possibility of war, but ap
proved the action of the United
States. The thought persisted that
the Russians are not ready for a
full scale war.
UNITED STATES:
A United Front
More than anywhere else In the
world, the Korean incident was up
permost in the minds of Ameri
cans. There was a great fear of war
in all sections of the country. But
most surprising reaction was the
united front presented to the rest
of the world.
Americans in every walk of life
approved of President Truman’s ac
tion. One and all approved the deci
sion that told communism that the
United States would stand by its
commitments and the point had
been reached where democracy
would make a stand against total
itarianism.
Even congress, which has pre
sented a confusing picture of in
consistencies during the Truman
administration, approved of the
chief executive’s action.
Senator Taft of Ohio, apparently
unwilling to rise above the political
view, took the opportunity to de
mand the resignation of Secretary
of State Acheson. Many observers
found his senate speech untimely.
He demanded the resignation of
Acheson on the grounds his policy
in the Far East had been reversed
completely by President Truman
and he had, therefore, been opera
ting under the wrong policy. For
thar reason he insisted Mr. Acheson
had outlived his usefulness.
Rep. Vito Marcantonio, noted for
his Communist leanings, added his
voice of protest, but most people
were inclined to consider the source
and let it go at that.
Politics
A new movement was seen in
the Republican party following a
meeting in Philadelphia of repre
sentatives from 10 states and is
suance of a “declaration of prin
ciples.”
Henry V. Poor, former president
of the New York Young Republi
cans, said the group drafted the
“declaration of principles” as a
basis of “revitalizing the Republl
i can party.”
TAXES:
House Votes Cut
The 1950 tax bill, much to the
amazement of Washington observ
ers, won the approval of the house
of representatives with a top-heavy
vote of 375 to 14. As the measure
went to the senate, observers were
not making any predictions.
The biM calls for $1,010,000,000 of
reductions in the excise taxes an
nually paid on furs, jewelry, lug
gage, toilet articles, admissions,
communications, transportation and
many other items.
The revenue loss, however, is
offset by provisions to increase
corporation taxes $433,000,000 an
nually and close loopholes in other
tax laws.
Observerj were making no pre
dictions about senate action be
cause of, complexities stemming
from the Koreah war. Many sena
tors have indicated the tax prob
lem would be much different and
any relief might be ruled out if the
situation developed demanding in
creases in this country’s military
budget.
The Republicans have been fight
ing the measure because of the
proposed increase in corporation
taxes.
Also in the tax news, federal rev
enue in May soared nearly half
a billion dollars above that of the
same month a year ago.
But the total for the first 11
months in the fiscal year ending
July 1 was still more than a billion
below that of the corresponding
period of the preceding fiscal year,
the internal revenue bureau re
ported.
The revenue in May from individ
ual and corporation income taxes
and from employment taxes was
well up last year. For example, the
individual income taxes collected
In May were $1,878,357, 644, as com
pared with $1,604,794,824 in May,
1949.
DRAFT LAW:
Boys Must Register
President Truman sigped the
draft bill into law. It gives him un
restricted authority to order in
ductions resumed at any time and
empowers him to put the National/
Guard and the reserves on active
duty any time he sees fit to do so.
The law runs until July 9, 1951,
and males from 19 to 26 are subject^
to induction.
Observers were not much sur
prised at the extension of the selec
tive service law after the Korean
incident, hit the headlines. Before
that, however, congress was in a
knock down drag out battle over
the bill.
VHien first considered last spring
there was considerable doubt that'
the lawmakers would grant a con
tinuation. . At the minimum, they
wanted to limit the President’s pow
er to start inductions going again.
The Korean situation, however,
brought about quick agreement.
GAMBLING:
Blow to Bookmakers
A senate subcommittee investi
gating gambling throughout the
country have released the names
of more than 2,000 subscribers to
racing news wire services.
The move was newsworthy in that
it should prove “useful” to local
law enforcement officials in com
batting gambling.
Senator Ernest W. McFarland,
chairman of the committee, said
his group had no proof that any
particular individual on the list
was a bookmaker. He pointed out
that some listings—for newspapers,
radio stations and the like—obvious
ly fall outside the gambling realm.
But he added:
“I believe the majority of those
listed are bookmakers.”
The committee has announced
plans to hold hearings this month
in Miami, St. Louis, Kansas City
and Chicago.
Nominated
Willis Smith and Mrs. Smith
cast their votes in the North
Carolina run - off primary.
Smith defeated Sen. Frank
Graham, one of President Tru
man’s southern supporters. The
Democratic nomination is tant
amount to election in North
Carolina.
EMPLOYMENT:
Near Record
Employment in the United States
in June soared to the highest levels
reached since the record month of
July, 1948, statistics from the bu
reau of the census revealed.
Agricultural employment rose to
9,046,000 compared with 8,062,000
in May. Nonagricultural employ
ment rose by 750,000 to a total of
52,436,000 between May and June.
For five straight months the em
ployment has increased.
GRIM-FACED TRUMAN DISCUSSES KOREAN CRISIS '. . . Cutting
short a vacation in Missonri, President Truman is shown upon his
arrival in Washington following the invasion of South Korea by Commu
nists. He was met by Defense Secretary Johnson (left) and Secretary
of State Dean Acheson (right). The seriousness Of the situation is re
flected on the faces of three of this country’s top officials. His historif
intervention order was made a few hoars later.
KOREAN ADVISOR . w . Maj. Gen.
Frank A. Keating replaced Brig.
Gen. William Roberts as the U.S.
Army Korean military advisor. At
the time of Communist -attack on
South Korea he was enroute to the
orient*
Shirley
FBI BAGS NATION’S MOST WANTED CRIMINAL . . . Henry H.
Shelton, 40, one of the nation’s most ‘wanted’ criminals was shot and
captured in a gun battle with FBI agents In Indianapolis. No relation to
the famops Shelton gang of lower Illinois, he was wanted for kidnaping
gnd auto theft.
BERLIN COMMUNISTS BLOW UP CHURCH . . . The historic Georgian
church, one of Berlin's most famous landmarks on the Alexander Plata,
survived the fire and explosives of World War II. The Communists, con
trary to reports by engineers, termed it unsafe and destroyed It by
dynamite. Protestant leaders protested, but the demolition sqnad de
stroyed it as Communist police and Russian soldiers cowed an indignant
crowd of Berliners. The church was damaged by World War H bombs.
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PITIFUL REMAINS TELL MUTE STORY OF AIR TRAGEDY . • •
Coast guardsmen examine clothing found scattered from the wreck of
Northwest Airlines plane which vanished In Lake Michigan daring a
thunderstorm. After a week’s search by hundreds of boats and planes
only scattered bits ef clothing, a child’s doll, and small pieces of the
aircraft were found. Fifty-eight persons died in the crash which was tha
worst in the nation's history of commercial air travel.
BEACH BEAUTY . .
Penta, a vacationer to
Beach, makes pretty footprints on
the sand and cats a prettier figure
as she lets the sand fly. She was
an entry In the "Miss Hampton
Beach” beauty contest.
CLASSIFIB
DEPARTI
BUSINESS A INVEST. OPP<
OCEAN fishing pier, caie f^
5 room cottage on fast Smowing
making big return on owners inves.
Reason for selling, owner forced to
on account of otl>er _ bu ? l V es J‘
appointment. C. A. Daniel, Box 7,
Head, N. C. . T .
SACRIFICE—$18,000. Gol T n jL
dependable help. Home k°£ ge h ® t cc £^
dates 20 people, finest beds. hot &
water in all rooms; two public
Frig i
in* "fine' shape, 10-yr. brand new
plot 100x300 ft.. *treet to street,
mg. spot lights and brand new i
Beautiful view and grounds. _S30U.
advertising for season and 3-yrs. i
will Included. Reason moft eeU—<M
in family. Mary Kalber, owner, SIB
lew Rd., Hendersonville. N. C.
HELP WANTED—-MEN, WOl
TEACHERS needed next session
grades, high schools, specials, coD*
Good salaries for well-qualified tea*
Elections begin early. .Enrollment
Write now for registration blanks.
Teachers’ Agency, P. O. Box (
Fla. - r
HELP WANTED—WOMEN
NURSES: Ai:e 21 to 31. Private .
pathic institution. Applications acc<
Some training required.
P.O. Bex .10*36. Tampa t. Fla.
INSTRUCTION
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MISCELLANEOUS
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WITHAM’S COTTAGES
Bex 21B Jnplter, Flei
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POULTRY, CHICKS A EQUIP.
QUAIL: Northern Bob whites,
healthy birds fot stocking or brei
$8.90 a pair. Covington's Quail,
boro, N. C.
TRAVEL
SUMMER Cottages. Enjoy surf
of Gulf of Mexico.
GAMBLING CZAR . . . Frank
Erickson, reputed Czar of a far-
flung gambling empire, pleaded
guilty to 59 indictments charging
bookmaking and was sentenced to
two years in prison and fined
$30,000.
BABY AT 59 ... Mr. and Mrs.
George T. Harmon, Wichita, Kan
sas, who are 61 and 59, respective
ly, proudly show off their new baby
son. Mrs. Harmon attributes her
health and vitality to the large
amount of honey she eats daily. She
also feeds little George honey and
milk.
PGA WINNER . . . Chandler Harp
er, 36-year-old golf mechanical
man from Portsmouth, Va., defeat
ed Henry Williams, Jr., of S^eane,
Pa., for the PGA title by turning in
a 4 and 3 triumph. Top prise money
amounted to $2,500.
it and
itchenettes. Reasonable.
Oh!# Ccart, 16708 Nebraska Ava..
41. Tampa. Florida.
WANTED TO BUY
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