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McCORMICK MESSENGER. McCORMICK, S. C.. THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 11. 1937 By Edward W. Pickard © Western Newspaper Union Michigan Troops Called to Check Strike Riots G ENERAL MOTORS and city po lice in Flint, Mich., came into violent conflict with strikers there and the sheriff decided he couldn’t handle the situation, so he called on the governor for troops. The Na tional Guard of the state was mo bilized and the units already in Flint moved into the strike zone and formed a military blockade. They were ordered to clear the area around the plants but not to enter the buildings unless there was re newed violence. This outbreak came while Judge Paul Gadola was hearing argu ments for and against an injunction to eject the sit-down strikers from the Fisher Body plants. The violence resulted in a new ait-down strike in a Chevrolet plant and the announcement by the union leaders that they would close every General Motors plant in the country. Secretary of Labor Perkins and Gov. Frank Murphy had been un successful in all efforts to bring G. M. chiefs and John L. Lewis to gether for peace conference, be cause President Sloan of the corpo ration insisted that first the plants must be evacuated by the strikers. Miss Perkins thereupon asked con gress for legislation empowering her department to subpoena per sons and papers in connection with strike investigations. Forty thousand employees of the corporation had been called back to plants in Michigan and Indiana and put on part time work, and they and other non-union workers were assured again by Sloan that their rights would be protected. Sloan contends that more than 100,000 G. M. employees have ex pressed a desire to return to work. Lewis scoffs at this claim but will not countenance the holding of an election to determine whether his imions command the majority nec essary to constitute them the sole collective bargaining agency. The federal labor relations board could order such an election but it has not intervened, and probably will not. Richberg Is Drafting the New Labor Bill EARINGS were held by a sen ate judiciary subcommittee on the O’Mahoney federal licensing bill designed to give the government control over busi ness; but it is prob able this will be supplanted by a measure that is be ing drafted by Don ald Richberg, for mer head of the NRA. The Richberg bill will be less reg ulatory than O’Ma honey’s and presum ably will be intro duced as an admin istration' measure. So far little is known of it except that it will cover minimum wages and maximum hours and outlaw child labor. Probably it will also include the licensing features con siderably modified. Some officials in Washington re gard the O’Mahoney bill as a “feel er.” It would require corporations doing business in interstate com merce to obtain federal licenses which would include stipulations on wages and hours of employees and prohibit the use of child labor. But actually the bill would go much farther, including almost ev ery reform in labor relations, trade practices, and corporation structure and financing that has ever been proposed during the past 25 years. A more sweeping, drastic, and all- inclusive proposal could hardly be drafted. It was warmly indorsed by the American Federation of La bor. The O’Mahoney bill would vest the licensing power in the federal trade commission, enlarging the present board of five members to nine. It was thought likely that the Richberg draft would eliminate the commission and vest the licens ing power in a new board or com mission created to administer the proposed law. Hitler Denounces “War Guilt" Treaty Clause (CHANCELLOR HITLER, as was ^ expected, stirred up a lot of de bate by his speech on the fourth an niversary of his assumption of full power over Germany. With dra matic emphasis he denounced two more clauses of the Versailles treaty, those dealing with war guilt, the Reichsbank and the railroads. Of the former he said: “I hereby solemnly withdraw the German signature from that declar ation forced upon a weak govern ment against its better knowledge— the declaration to the effect that Germany was guilty of starting the World war.” Concerning the latter he declared that hereafter the Reichsbank and the German railways are free from obligations imposed upon them by Senator O’Mahoney the peace treaty and are restored tc the complete sovereignty of the German government. The fuehrer reiterated Germany’s demand for eventual return of her colonies; and offered co-operation with other nations for peace and economic development. But he re peated his determination not to deal with soviet Russia, and he also left Czechoslovakia and Lithuania out of the list of nations with which he was willing to make agreements. He promised Belgium and Holland their territory would not be violated, and said there are “no humanly con ceivable points of dispute between France and Germany.” Foreign Minister Delbos of France, commenting on the speech, was not hopeful that Hitler’s at titude would make European dis armament an easy task. He said, too, that soviet Russia must not be excluded from the “international community.” Crest of the Flood Moves Down the Mississippi RADUALLY the terrible flood in the Ohio valley subsided, but the yellow torrents were pour ing down the lower Mississippi and the nation was mo bilized to save the people there. By di rection of the Pres ident and Gen. Mal- in Craig, chief of staff, the army made all prepara tions for the evacu ation of all inhabi tants along the riv er between Cairo, 111., and New Or leans. The details for this mass move ment were worked out to the last point by commanding officers in the region and thousands of motor trucks and railroad flat cars were collected. Headquarters for the evacuation were set up at Jackson, Miss. The secretary of war authorized the use of not only regular army troops but also members of the Civilian Conservation corps, the Na tional Guard, and the Red Cross. General Craig said that if the bil lion dollar levee system, erected after the great 1927 flood, failed to hold, about the same area affected then would be inundated. Many thousands of people already had been removed from homes along the Mississippi, but cities like Memphis and Vicksburg, being on high ground, were believed to be safe. At this writing the effects of the flood may be thus summarized: Homeless, nearly a million. Dead, probably more than 500, including 200 in Louisville. Damage, conserv atively estimated at more than $400, 000,000. Congress hurried through a defi ciency appropriation of $5,990,000 which the President promised would be made available for flood relief; and the American Red Cross, work ing at high speed, was raising a fund of $10,000,000 to which the people of the entire country contributed liberally. Supplies of food, drink ing water, clothing and medicines were poured into the stricken areas. Paducah was completely evacuat ed, and most of the inhabitants of Cairo were removed. The flood wat ers at the latter city were creeping up close to the top of the rein forced levees and it was feared the protections would not be suffi cient. Harry Hopkins, WPA administra tor, and other members of the spe cial flood relief committee named by President Roosevelt, went to the flood areas with the expressed in tention of seeing that the job of car ing for the refugees was well done. Mr. Hopkins indicated he was pre pared to spend $790,000,000—the en tire deficiency work relief budget— for flood relief if necessary. Accompanying Mr. Hopkins were Maj. Edward T. Markham, chief of army engineers; Surgeon General Thomas Parran, Jr.; James F. Fei- ser, vice chairman of the Red Cross, and Colonel F. C. Harringt ,ton, Jr., WPA engineer. England Would Check Our Neutrality Legislation A S WALTER RUNCIMAN, presi dent of the British board of trade, ended his visit at the White House, which President Roosevelt had said was to be merely social, he told the press that he and the President had agreed in principle on a reciprocal tariff treaty. Later it was revealed that his main pur pose in coming to the United States was to head off, if possible, the proposed neutrality measure under which Great Britain, if involved in war, would be unable to purchase war supplies in this country. It was reported that he told Mr. Roose velt that if such legislation were passed England would not enter into a reciprocal tariff treaty, and be sides would buy her supplies, in peace time as well as in war time, in other countries. General Malin Craig Japan Army Supports Hayashi as Premier ENERAL UGAKI having aban- doned the attempt to form a new cabinet for Japan because of opposition by the army, the emperor entrusted the task to Gen Senjuro Hayas hi, former minister of war. He made concessions to the army and navy and appeared likely to succeed in getting a pf cabinet together which would stand Gen. Senjuro Hayashi chief of the up. Lieut. Gen. Kotaro Nakamura, bureau military education board, accepted the post of minister of war. He is one of the so-called “big three” of the army, a clique which fought and prevented the for mation of a cabinet by Ugaki. Vice Admiral Mitsumasa Yonai, commander of the combined fleets, agreed to accept the navy ministry. Industrial leaders in Tokio believe that under General Hayashi, the promotion of national defense and the strengthening of continental pol icy will be the basis of the admin istration, and that an increase in the budget is inevitable. It is expected that state aid will be extended to the iron manufactur ing, fuel, and light metallic indus tries. A greater state control of motive power resources is envis aged. Fear also was expressed that both exports and imports will be placed under state control. Twelve Navy Planes Make Flight to Honolulu 'X'WELVE planes of the navy suc- cessfully made the greatest non stop transoceanic flight in history, 2,553 miles from San Diego to Hono lulu, in 21 hours 43 minutes. They carried 80 officers and men and were under the command of Lieut. Commander William H. McDade. 'Twas This Way • • By LYLE SPENCER C Western Newspaper Union. The Cotton-Picker OTTON is harvested today ex- ^ actly as it was when Eli Whit ney invented his cotton gin way back in 1793. Negroes shuffle among the cotton plants, plucking the fluffy bolls by hand and stuff them into huge bags they drag behind them. The ordinary worker picks about a hundred pounds of seed cotton a day, for which he receives about 60 cents. Great strides have been made in harvesting other crops. But in cot ton little progress has been made since Revolutionary times. Now, John and Mack Rust, two farmer boys from Texas, have just brought out a machine to pick cotton automatically. Engineers have been trying to build such a machine for 80 years. The International Har vester company is supposed to have spent $3,000,000 on cotton-picking re search. If the Rust brothers suc ceed, it will be the greatest in vention of this decade. John Rust got his idea for the picker watching his grandmother at her spinning wheel. She moist ened her wheel to make cotton stick to it. Rust uses smooth, wet spind les to fan through the cotton plants, picking clean each boll en route. In trial tests, the Rust machine has picked as much in an eight-hour day as a diligent picker can gather in an eleven-week season at about half the cost. Cotton planters be lieve that if the machine proves practical, as they think it will, they can grow cotton at a profit if the price drops below five cents per pound. No difficulty was experienced by the planes until they were within 300 miles of their destination. Then they ran into terrific winds that tossed them about for hours and almost blew them backward. Navigation, the officers said, was impossible. It was a case of flying blindly around, seeking a way out. This way out came suddenly, and on the side of the storm nearest Honolulu. From there on in to Honolulu was “easy sailing.” The Navy department called this notable flight merely a “routine transfer” of material from one point to another, but it was a fine test of the ability and endurance of the aviators. Death for 13 Russians; Prison for Four HIRTEEN of the Russian con spirators tried in Moscow for plotting the overthrow of the Stalin regime were condemned to death by the trial court, and their pleas for mercy were reject ed by the presidium of the communist executive commit tee. They were or dered shot within 48 hours after sentence was pronounced. One of the execu tioners said “they died like soldiers.” To the surprise of the world, four of the leading defendants were saved from the firing squad, being sen tenced to terms of imprisonment. These were Karl Radek, once noted journalist, and Gregory Sokolnikov, former Soviet ambassador to Lon don, given ten years each; and M. S. Stroilov and V. V. Arnold, or dered confined for eight years. The judges said these four men, while guilty of treason, did not actually participate in terroristic and wreck ing activities. It was the belief of neutral observers that they had been spared in order to get their testimony against the scores of men still under arrest for participation in the conspiracy. The London Daily Express pub lished a story to the effect that Ra- dek’s life was spared because of the existence of certain state pa pers implicating Stalin himself in intrigues. Radek was said to have deposited these documents a year ago with Trotskyists abroad, with instructions to make them public if he should fall a victim of a “Stalin purge.” Illinois Farmers Reject Two New Deal Plans HE New Deal’s farm tenancy and crop insurance plans, ad vocated by Secretary of Agriculture Wallace, were rejected in a resolu tion adopted by the Illinois Agricul tural association, which represents 63,000 organized farmers of the state. The resolution said farm tenancy could not be corrected solely through liberalization of credit or expert supervision of ten ant farmers who would buy farms. It strongly opposed the establish ment of the proposed Farm Home corporation. It suggested that any law enacted to relieve tenancy evils should be based upon a system of sound credit extended over 9 long period of years and administered by existing federal and state agencies. The resolution asserted that “in large part the farm tenancy situa tion will be ultimately solved by re storing farm commodity price lev els to a fair and permanent basis.” Ancient Machine Guns ODERN machine guns are about the most destructive weapons used in modern warfare. Capable of firing 300 bullets a min ute, they can sweep an open field so fast that no human being could hope to get across it alive. The machine gun, invented by Hiram Maxim, is usually thought of as a very recent invention. Act ually, however, the Romans had their ancient equivalent of it long before gunpowder had even been thought of. The polybolos, first built by Dionysios of Alexandria, was a crossbow so constructed that it was capable of shooting 30 to 40 arrows a minute. The tension string of the bow was operated by a crank. The arrows came out of a funnel above the arrow groove, and each time one was fired, another slipped au tomatically into place. The machine could be operated by one man. Reconstructed models of the poly bolos are surprisingly accurate in their aim, the only defect being that it had to be trained on one spot, so there was no “scattering.” Under certain circumstances this was an advantage, like preventing the ene my from climbing up scaling lad ders or escaping through a gate, this and other ancient weapons such as the “hurling” sling were once considered so dangerous that the church and the laws of some countries condemned their use. Some of these weapons were in deed dangerous, such as the horn bow which could shoot an arrow 1,000 yards, an achievement which cannot be equalled by the heavy Colt revolver used in the American army. Who Discovered America? VERY schoolboy is told that Christopher Columbus discover ed America. And every schoolboy who believes that is wrong, for al though Columbus was the first man to set foot on the New World, he did not touch the mainland of either North or South Amrica on his first and second voyages of discovery. On his third voyage, in August, 1498, he discovered the South Ameri can continent in what is now Ven ezuela. Little suspecting that this was really the terra firma for which he had searched so long, he thought it was only another island off the coast of southern Asia. In his earlier voyages, Columbus had touched at Cuba and other is lands in the Caribbean sea. Before he reached the mainland, however, an Italian merchant in the service of Henry VII of England named John Cabot had explored along the coast of Laorador and as far south as Chesapeake bay or Maryland. But neither Columbus nor Cabot ever suspected that they had found a new world. Both believed they had merely opened up a new route to western Asia and the Indies, and that the land they had discovered was a remote and wild part of the far East. That is why they called it the West Indies. Columbus even thought that Cuba was a western tip of Asia. The is land was not circumnavigated un til two years after his death. The only bit of land now under the American flag that Columbus ever touched was Puerto Rico, which he first named San Juan Bautista. Mighty City Wall The mightiest city wall of north ern Europe encircles the city of Visby on the Swedish Isle of Got land. Its towers, moats and ruins enshrine legends from the early days of the Vikings. Gregory Sokolnikov UNCOMMON AMERICANS • • • By Elmo • Western Scott Watson N *uSSr* Father of the County Fair IF YOU remember pleasantly that 1 high spot in the days of your youth—»“going to the county fair”— you should remember gratefully the name of Elkanah Watson. For he v. as the “father” of this typically- American institution and he is all the more worthy of honor because he labored in the face of difficulty and prejudice to bring it into being. Watson was born in Massachu setts in 1758 and his natural Yankee shrewdness was enlivened by travel and adventure. Finally he settled dowr. on a farm near Pittsfield, Mass. But he could not be con tent there and, as he ^aid, “to fill up the void in an active mind led me first to conceive the idea of an agricultural society on a plan dif ferent from all others.” So in 1807 he secured the first pair of Merino sheep ever brought to his state and exhibited them un der a great elm in the public square in Pittsfield. They attracted so much attention that he decided it would be a good thing to invite other owners to show their live stock. But he soon discovered that this wasn’t so easy for the farm ers were afraid to take part in such an exhibition lest they be laughed at. However, after three years he got 26 of them to sign an “appeal” for a cattle show and this was such a success that an agricultural society was formed with Watson as presi dent. The next year he began the fair with a parade and closed it with “a pastoral ball.” Also prizes to the amount of $70 were offered. By the next year the premiums had risen to $208 and the fair was so popular with the men that he decided the next thing to do was to make it “respectable” by getting the indorsement of the clergy and the women. But that was more difficult for the clergy regarded such things as “frivolous” and women’s place was still very much in the home—not in the public eye. But with the aid of his wife he finally prevailed upon Ihrm to exhibit their weaving and sewing and be present when the awards were made. When they did that, the success of the fair was assured and for the next 12 years Watson labored to extend the idea into other states. By 1819 he had in duced the legislature of New York to pass an annual appropriation of $10,000 to aid new societies in stag ing fairs and from that time on the county fair became an established American institution. “The Spirit of *76” I T STARTED out as a humorous sketch and it ended up as one of the most famous of all American paintings. That is the story of the patriotic picture, “The Spirit of ’76.” The story of the painter is equally interesting. Archibald Willard, while serving as a soldier in the Union an. , often amused himself by making sketches of army Ine to send back home. After the war he painted a huge panorama of war scenes which he began exhibiting. But people wanted to forget about the war and his venture was a failure. So he went back to his nome in Welling ton, Ohio, and got a job with a wagonmaker, painting decorations t.. the wagons and occasionally doing the same work on the gaudy circus chariots of that period. Willard also continued making sketches and one came tc the at tention of James F. Ryder, a Cleve land photographer and art dealer. He encouraged Willard, made chro- mos from several of his pictures and from their sale Willard was able to study art in New York. In 1873, the year of the Philadel phia Centennial, Ryder suggested that Willard draw a picture appro priate to the celemation. So the artist set to work on a humorous . icture showing three rural musi cians at a Fourth of July celebra tion and depicting the two drum mers as having imbibed too freely in honor of the occasion. Then his father, who was the orig inal of the middle figure, the tall drummer, fell ill and it was ap parent that he would not live long. Willard reproached himself for hav ing his father a figure in a comic picture of that characte and the idea of “The Spirit of ’76” was born in his mind. He workeo furiously in the daytime to complete the pic ture and at night sat by the side of his father. But the elder Willard did not live to see the finished prod uct nor to learn how he was to be immortalized as the white-haired patriot in his son’s great picture. Ryder made reproductions which were sold at the centennial in Phil adelphia and they attracted so much attention that officials of the expositor sent for the original. Dur ing the time it was on exhibition there were always crowds gath ered in front of it. Since that time reproductions of it have been sold by the hundreds of thousands. Wil lard painted many other pictures before his death in 1918 but none <of them ever became aw famous as “The Spirit of Golden Gate Salad. % pound of fresh marshmallows cut in halves. 2 nice oranges, carefully peeled and cut in small pieces. 2 bananas, cut in dicelike pieces. 2 thick slices of fresh pineapple cut in the same way. 1 large tart apple, cut fine. % pint bottle of red maraschino cherries, cut in half, with juice. / % pint jar of french marrons, broken up, with sirup. The delicate inner stalks of one head of celery, cut in small pieces. V\ pound of fresh pecans or eng- lish walnuts. Mix nuts, fruits, celery together in dish and put in icebox. Dressing. % pint of thick mayonnaise. Vi pint of thick cream. Whip cream and mix with may onnaise and juice of half a lemon. An hour before serving mix dress ing lightly with salad and sprinkle with plenty of paprika. Serve very cold on crisp lettuce leaves. I like this salad very much. I ate it first in California, so I call it Golden Gate salad. It is best made of fresh fruits, but it can be made of canned fruits. At home we often serve it instead of dessert, with a little more whipped cream. Copyright.—WNU Service. Chinese Lady's Tiny Feet “Lily” feet three inches long, beautifully tapered but painfully crippled, are still a curse of China despite 30 years of crusading against them. In Hankow, 90 per cent of all women over thirty still have bound feet. A Three Days* Cough Is Your Danger Signal No matter how many medicines you have tried for your cough, chest cold or bronchial irritation, you can get relief now with Creomulslon. Serious trouble may be brewing and you cannot afford to take a chance with anything less than Creomul- sion, which goes right to the seat of the trouble to aid nature to soothe and heal the inflamed mem branes as the germ-laden phlegm Is loosened and expelled. Even if other remedies have failed, don’t be discouraged, your druggist is authorized to guarantee Creomulslon and to refund your money if you are not satisfied with results from the very first bottle. Get Creomulslon right now. (AdvJ Love and Skill When love and skill work to gether, expect a masterpiece.— Ruskin. RELIEF FROM PAIN & COLDS The original Cellophane wrapped genuine pure aspirin^ VOILI't LAMEST SELLEI AT IO. st.Josepti GENUINE PURE ASPIRIN Home and Virtues Home is the jhief school of hu man Virtues.—Channing. DON’T NEGLECT A COLD SORE, RHEUMATIC MUSCLES sedljetotMasy liniments aad n>«M. ffcai U> be smeared on every few boon to be Ire. The new treatment for eore. achlnr lea la AUcoek’s Porous Plaster, that stay* til pain ts all sone. One Atleoek'a Ptaa- aata days and days without further bt. The blood la «ent!y drawn to tba ul rheumatic area, and the muscles am tired aa you move. No rubbing. Noth Inn r or sticky. Allcock'a is pleasant. Ear ur off when pula is sons. 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