McCormick messenger. (McCormick, S.C.) 1902-current, February 11, 1937, Image 2
McCORMICK MESSENGER. McCORMICK, S. C.. THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 11. 1937
By Edward W. Pickard
© Western Newspaper Union
Michigan Troops Called
to Check Strike Riots
G ENERAL MOTORS and city po
lice in Flint, Mich., came into
violent conflict with strikers there
and the sheriff decided he couldn’t
handle the situation, so he called on
the governor for troops. The Na
tional Guard of the state was mo
bilized and the units already in Flint
moved into the strike zone and
formed a military blockade. They
were ordered to clear the area
around the plants but not to enter
the buildings unless there was re
newed violence.
This outbreak came while Judge
Paul Gadola was hearing argu
ments for and against an injunction
to eject the sit-down strikers from
the Fisher Body plants.
The violence resulted in a new
ait-down strike in a Chevrolet plant
and the announcement by the union
leaders that they would close every
General Motors plant in the country.
Secretary of Labor Perkins and
Gov. Frank Murphy had been un
successful in all efforts to bring
G. M. chiefs and John L. Lewis to
gether for peace conference, be
cause President Sloan of the corpo
ration insisted that first the plants
must be evacuated by the strikers.
Miss Perkins thereupon asked con
gress for legislation empowering
her department to subpoena per
sons and papers in connection with
strike investigations.
Forty thousand employees of the
corporation had been called back to
plants in Michigan and Indiana and
put on part time work, and they
and other non-union workers were
assured again by Sloan that their
rights would be protected.
Sloan contends that more than
100,000 G. M. employees have ex
pressed a desire to return to work.
Lewis scoffs at this claim but will
not countenance the holding of
an election to determine whether his
imions command the majority nec
essary to constitute them the sole
collective bargaining agency. The
federal labor relations board could
order such an election but it has
not intervened, and probably will
not.
Richberg Is Drafting
the New Labor Bill
EARINGS were held by a sen
ate judiciary subcommittee on
the O’Mahoney federal licensing bill
designed to give the government
control over busi
ness; but it is prob
able this will be
supplanted by a
measure that is be
ing drafted by Don
ald Richberg, for
mer head of the
NRA. The Richberg
bill will be less reg
ulatory than O’Ma
honey’s and presum
ably will be intro
duced as an admin
istration' measure.
So far little is known of it except
that it will cover minimum wages
and maximum hours and outlaw
child labor. Probably it will also
include the licensing features con
siderably modified.
Some officials in Washington re
gard the O’Mahoney bill as a “feel
er.” It would require corporations
doing business in interstate com
merce to obtain federal licenses
which would include stipulations on
wages and hours of employees and
prohibit the use of child labor.
But actually the bill would go
much farther, including almost ev
ery reform in labor relations, trade
practices, and corporation structure
and financing that has ever been
proposed during the past 25 years.
A more sweeping, drastic, and all-
inclusive proposal could hardly be
drafted. It was warmly indorsed
by the American Federation of La
bor.
The O’Mahoney bill would vest
the licensing power in the federal
trade commission, enlarging the
present board of five members to
nine. It was thought likely that
the Richberg draft would eliminate
the commission and vest the licens
ing power in a new board or com
mission created to administer the
proposed law.
Hitler Denounces “War
Guilt" Treaty Clause
(CHANCELLOR HITLER, as was
^ expected, stirred up a lot of de
bate by his speech on the fourth an
niversary of his assumption of full
power over Germany. With dra
matic emphasis he denounced two
more clauses of the Versailles
treaty, those dealing with war guilt,
the Reichsbank and the railroads.
Of the former he said:
“I hereby solemnly withdraw the
German signature from that declar
ation forced upon a weak govern
ment against its better knowledge—
the declaration to the effect that
Germany was guilty of starting the
World war.”
Concerning the latter he declared
that hereafter the Reichsbank and
the German railways are free from
obligations imposed upon them by
Senator
O’Mahoney
the peace treaty and are restored
tc the complete sovereignty of the
German government.
The fuehrer reiterated Germany’s
demand for eventual return of her
colonies; and offered co-operation
with other nations for peace and
economic development. But he re
peated his determination not to deal
with soviet Russia, and he also left
Czechoslovakia and Lithuania out of
the list of nations with which he was
willing to make agreements. He
promised Belgium and Holland their
territory would not be violated, and
said there are “no humanly con
ceivable points of dispute between
France and Germany.”
Foreign Minister Delbos of
France, commenting on the speech,
was not hopeful that Hitler’s at
titude would make European dis
armament an easy task. He said,
too, that soviet Russia must not be
excluded from the “international
community.”
Crest of the Flood Moves
Down the Mississippi
RADUALLY the terrible flood
in the Ohio valley subsided,
but the yellow torrents were pour
ing down the lower Mississippi and
the nation was mo
bilized to save the
people there. By di
rection of the Pres
ident and Gen. Mal-
in Craig, chief of
staff, the army
made all prepara
tions for the evacu
ation of all inhabi
tants along the riv
er between Cairo,
111., and New Or
leans. The details
for this mass move
ment were worked out to the last
point by commanding officers in the
region and thousands of motor
trucks and railroad flat cars were
collected. Headquarters for the
evacuation were set up at Jackson,
Miss.
The secretary of war authorized
the use of not only regular army
troops but also members of the
Civilian Conservation corps, the Na
tional Guard, and the Red Cross.
General Craig said that if the bil
lion dollar levee system, erected
after the great 1927 flood, failed to
hold, about the same area affected
then would be inundated. Many
thousands of people already had
been removed from homes along the
Mississippi, but cities like Memphis
and Vicksburg, being on high
ground, were believed to be safe.
At this writing the effects of the
flood may be thus summarized:
Homeless, nearly a million. Dead,
probably more than 500, including
200 in Louisville. Damage, conserv
atively estimated at more than $400,
000,000.
Congress hurried through a defi
ciency appropriation of $5,990,000
which the President promised would
be made available for flood relief;
and the American Red Cross, work
ing at high speed, was raising a fund
of $10,000,000 to which the people
of the entire country contributed
liberally. Supplies of food, drink
ing water, clothing and medicines
were poured into the stricken areas.
Paducah was completely evacuat
ed, and most of the inhabitants of
Cairo were removed. The flood wat
ers at the latter city were creeping
up close to the top of the rein
forced levees and it was feared
the protections would not be suffi
cient.
Harry Hopkins, WPA administra
tor, and other members of the spe
cial flood relief committee named
by President Roosevelt, went to the
flood areas with the expressed in
tention of seeing that the job of car
ing for the refugees was well done.
Mr. Hopkins indicated he was pre
pared to spend $790,000,000—the en
tire deficiency work relief budget—
for flood relief if necessary.
Accompanying Mr. Hopkins were
Maj. Edward T. Markham, chief of
army engineers; Surgeon General
Thomas Parran, Jr.; James F. Fei-
ser, vice chairman of the Red
Cross, and Colonel F. C. Harringt
,ton, Jr., WPA engineer.
England Would Check Our
Neutrality Legislation
A S WALTER RUNCIMAN, presi
dent of the British board of
trade, ended his visit at the White
House, which President Roosevelt
had said was to be merely social,
he told the press that he and the
President had agreed in principle
on a reciprocal tariff treaty. Later
it was revealed that his main pur
pose in coming to the United States
was to head off, if possible, the
proposed neutrality measure under
which Great Britain, if involved in
war, would be unable to purchase
war supplies in this country. It
was reported that he told Mr. Roose
velt that if such legislation were
passed England would not enter into
a reciprocal tariff treaty, and be
sides would buy her supplies, in
peace time as well as in war time,
in other countries.
General
Malin Craig
Japan Army Supports
Hayashi as Premier
ENERAL UGAKI having aban-
doned the attempt to form a
new cabinet for Japan because of
opposition by the
army, the emperor
entrusted the task to
Gen Senjuro Hayas
hi, former minister
of war. He made
concessions to the
army and navy and
appeared likely to
succeed in getting a
pf cabinet together
which would stand
Gen. Senjuro
Hayashi
chief of the
up.
Lieut. Gen. Kotaro
Nakamura, bureau
military education
board, accepted the post of minister
of war. He is one of the so-called
“big three” of the army, a clique
which fought and prevented the for
mation of a cabinet by Ugaki.
Vice Admiral Mitsumasa Yonai,
commander of the combined fleets,
agreed to accept the navy ministry.
Industrial leaders in Tokio believe
that under General Hayashi, the
promotion of national defense and
the strengthening of continental pol
icy will be the basis of the admin
istration, and that an increase in
the budget is inevitable.
It is expected that state aid will
be extended to the iron manufactur
ing, fuel, and light metallic indus
tries. A greater state control of
motive power resources is envis
aged. Fear also was expressed that
both exports and imports will be
placed under state control.
Twelve Navy Planes Make
Flight to Honolulu
'X'WELVE planes of the navy suc-
cessfully made the greatest non
stop transoceanic flight in history,
2,553 miles from San Diego to Hono
lulu, in 21 hours 43 minutes. They
carried 80 officers and men and
were under the command of Lieut.
Commander William H. McDade.
'Twas This Way
• •
By LYLE SPENCER
C Western Newspaper Union.
The Cotton-Picker
OTTON is harvested today ex-
^ actly as it was when Eli Whit
ney invented his cotton gin way
back in 1793. Negroes shuffle among
the cotton plants, plucking the fluffy
bolls by hand and stuff them into
huge bags they drag behind them.
The ordinary worker picks about
a hundred pounds of seed cotton
a day, for which he receives about
60 cents.
Great strides have been made in
harvesting other crops. But in cot
ton little progress has been made
since Revolutionary times.
Now, John and Mack Rust, two
farmer boys from Texas, have just
brought out a machine to pick cotton
automatically. Engineers have
been trying to build such a machine
for 80 years. The International Har
vester company is supposed to have
spent $3,000,000 on cotton-picking re
search. If the Rust brothers suc
ceed, it will be the greatest in
vention of this decade.
John Rust got his idea for the
picker watching his grandmother
at her spinning wheel. She moist
ened her wheel to make cotton stick
to it. Rust uses smooth, wet spind
les to fan through the cotton plants,
picking clean each boll en route.
In trial tests, the Rust machine
has picked as much in an eight-hour
day as a diligent picker can gather
in an eleven-week season at about
half the cost. Cotton planters be
lieve that if the machine proves
practical, as they think it will, they
can grow cotton at a profit if the
price drops below five cents per
pound.
No difficulty was experienced by
the planes until they were within 300
miles of their destination. Then they
ran into terrific winds that tossed
them about for hours and almost
blew them backward. Navigation,
the officers said, was impossible.
It was a case of flying blindly
around, seeking a way out. This
way out came suddenly, and on the
side of the storm nearest Honolulu.
From there on in to Honolulu was
“easy sailing.”
The Navy department called this
notable flight merely a “routine
transfer” of material from one point
to another, but it was a fine test of
the ability and endurance of the
aviators.
Death for 13 Russians;
Prison for Four
HIRTEEN of the Russian con
spirators tried in Moscow for
plotting the overthrow of the Stalin
regime were condemned to death
by the trial court,
and their pleas for
mercy were reject
ed by the presidium
of the communist
executive commit
tee. They were or
dered shot within 48
hours after sentence
was pronounced.
One of the execu
tioners said “they
died like soldiers.”
To the surprise of
the world, four of
the leading defendants were saved
from the firing squad, being sen
tenced to terms of imprisonment.
These were Karl Radek, once noted
journalist, and Gregory Sokolnikov,
former Soviet ambassador to Lon
don, given ten years each; and M.
S. Stroilov and V. V. Arnold, or
dered confined for eight years. The
judges said these four men, while
guilty of treason, did not actually
participate in terroristic and wreck
ing activities. It was the belief of
neutral observers that they had
been spared in order to get their
testimony against the scores of men
still under arrest for participation
in the conspiracy.
The London Daily Express pub
lished a story to the effect that Ra-
dek’s life was spared because of
the existence of certain state pa
pers implicating Stalin himself in
intrigues. Radek was said to have
deposited these documents a year
ago with Trotskyists abroad, with
instructions to make them public if
he should fall a victim of a “Stalin
purge.”
Illinois Farmers Reject
Two New Deal Plans
HE New Deal’s farm tenancy
and crop insurance plans, ad
vocated by Secretary of Agriculture
Wallace, were rejected in a resolu
tion adopted by the Illinois Agricul
tural association, which represents
63,000 organized farmers of the
state. The resolution said farm
tenancy could not be corrected
solely through liberalization of
credit or expert supervision of ten
ant farmers who would buy farms.
It strongly opposed the establish
ment of the proposed Farm Home
corporation. It suggested that any
law enacted to relieve tenancy evils
should be based upon a system of
sound credit extended over 9 long
period of years and administered by
existing federal and state agencies.
The resolution asserted that “in
large part the farm tenancy situa
tion will be ultimately solved by re
storing farm commodity price lev
els to a fair and permanent basis.”
Ancient Machine Guns
ODERN machine guns are
about the most destructive
weapons used in modern warfare.
Capable of firing 300 bullets a min
ute, they can sweep an open field so
fast that no human being could hope
to get across it alive.
The machine gun, invented by
Hiram Maxim, is usually thought
of as a very recent invention. Act
ually, however, the Romans had
their ancient equivalent of it long
before gunpowder had even been
thought of. The polybolos, first built
by Dionysios of Alexandria, was a
crossbow so constructed that it was
capable of shooting 30 to 40 arrows
a minute. The tension string of the
bow was operated by a crank. The
arrows came out of a funnel above
the arrow groove, and each time
one was fired, another slipped au
tomatically into place. The machine
could be operated by one man.
Reconstructed models of the poly
bolos are surprisingly accurate in
their aim, the only defect being that
it had to be trained on one spot,
so there was no “scattering.” Under
certain circumstances this was an
advantage, like preventing the ene
my from climbing up scaling lad
ders or escaping through a gate,
this and other ancient weapons
such as the “hurling” sling were
once considered so dangerous that
the church and the laws of some
countries condemned their use.
Some of these weapons were in
deed dangerous, such as the horn
bow which could shoot an arrow
1,000 yards, an achievement which
cannot be equalled by the heavy
Colt revolver used in the American
army.
Who Discovered America?
VERY schoolboy is told that
Christopher Columbus discover
ed America. And every schoolboy
who believes that is wrong, for al
though Columbus was the first man
to set foot on the New World, he
did not touch the mainland of either
North or South Amrica on his first
and second voyages of discovery.
On his third voyage, in August,
1498, he discovered the South Ameri
can continent in what is now Ven
ezuela. Little suspecting that this
was really the terra firma for which
he had searched so long, he thought
it was only another island off the
coast of southern Asia.
In his earlier voyages, Columbus
had touched at Cuba and other is
lands in the Caribbean sea. Before
he reached the mainland, however,
an Italian merchant in the service
of Henry VII of England named
John Cabot had explored along the
coast of Laorador and as far south
as Chesapeake bay or Maryland.
But neither Columbus nor Cabot
ever suspected that they had found
a new world. Both believed they had
merely opened up a new route to
western Asia and the Indies, and
that the land they had discovered
was a remote and wild part of the
far East. That is why they called it
the West Indies.
Columbus even thought that Cuba
was a western tip of Asia. The is
land was not circumnavigated un
til two years after his death. The
only bit of land now under the
American flag that Columbus ever
touched was Puerto Rico, which he
first named San Juan Bautista.
Mighty City Wall
The mightiest city wall of north
ern Europe encircles the city of
Visby on the Swedish Isle of Got
land. Its towers, moats and ruins
enshrine legends from the early
days of the Vikings.
Gregory
Sokolnikov
UNCOMMON
AMERICANS
• • •
By Elmo • Western
Scott Watson N *uSSr*
Father of the County Fair
IF YOU remember pleasantly that
1 high spot in the days of your
youth—»“going to the county fair”—
you should remember gratefully the
name of Elkanah Watson. For he
v. as the “father” of this typically-
American institution and he is all
the more worthy of honor because
he labored in the face of difficulty
and prejudice to bring it into being.
Watson was born in Massachu
setts in 1758 and his natural Yankee
shrewdness was enlivened by travel
and adventure. Finally he settled
dowr. on a farm near Pittsfield,
Mass. But he could not be con
tent there and, as he ^aid, “to fill
up the void in an active mind led
me first to conceive the idea of an
agricultural society on a plan dif
ferent from all others.”
So in 1807 he secured the first
pair of Merino sheep ever brought
to his state and exhibited them un
der a great elm in the public square
in Pittsfield. They attracted so
much attention that he decided it
would be a good thing to invite
other owners to show their live
stock. But he soon discovered that
this wasn’t so easy for the farm
ers were afraid to take part in such
an exhibition lest they be laughed
at.
However, after three years he got
26 of them to sign an “appeal” for
a cattle show and this was such a
success that an agricultural society
was formed with Watson as presi
dent. The next year he began the
fair with a parade and closed it
with “a pastoral ball.” Also prizes
to the amount of $70 were offered.
By the next year the premiums
had risen to $208 and the fair was
so popular with the men that he
decided the next thing to do was to
make it “respectable” by getting
the indorsement of the clergy and
the women.
But that was more difficult for
the clergy regarded such things as
“frivolous” and women’s place was
still very much in the home—not in
the public eye. But with the aid of
his wife he finally prevailed upon
Ihrm to exhibit their weaving and
sewing and be present when the
awards were made. When they did
that, the success of the fair was
assured and for the next 12 years
Watson labored to extend the idea
into other states. By 1819 he had in
duced the legislature of New York
to pass an annual appropriation of
$10,000 to aid new societies in stag
ing fairs and from that time on the
county fair became an established
American institution.
“The Spirit of *76”
I T STARTED out as a humorous
sketch and it ended up as one of
the most famous of all American
paintings. That is the story of the
patriotic picture, “The Spirit of
’76.” The story of the painter is
equally interesting.
Archibald Willard, while serving
as a soldier in the Union an. ,
often amused himself by making
sketches of army Ine to send back
home. After the war he painted a
huge panorama of war scenes which
he began exhibiting. But people
wanted to forget about the war and
his venture was a failure. So he
went back to his nome in Welling
ton, Ohio, and got a job with a
wagonmaker, painting decorations
t.. the wagons and occasionally
doing the same work on the gaudy
circus chariots of that period.
Willard also continued making
sketches and one came tc the at
tention of James F. Ryder, a Cleve
land photographer and art dealer.
He encouraged Willard, made chro-
mos from several of his pictures
and from their sale Willard was able
to study art in New York.
In 1873, the year of the Philadel
phia Centennial, Ryder suggested
that Willard draw a picture appro
priate to the celemation. So the
artist set to work on a humorous
. icture showing three rural musi
cians at a Fourth of July celebra
tion and depicting the two drum
mers as having imbibed too freely
in honor of the occasion.
Then his father, who was the orig
inal of the middle figure, the tall
drummer, fell ill and it was ap
parent that he would not live long.
Willard reproached himself for hav
ing his father a figure in a comic
picture of that characte and the
idea of “The Spirit of ’76” was born
in his mind. He workeo furiously
in the daytime to complete the pic
ture and at night sat by the side
of his father. But the elder Willard
did not live to see the finished prod
uct nor to learn how he was to be
immortalized as the white-haired
patriot in his son’s great picture.
Ryder made reproductions which
were sold at the centennial in Phil
adelphia and they attracted so
much attention that officials of the
expositor sent for the original. Dur
ing the time it was on exhibition
there were always crowds gath
ered in front of it. Since that time
reproductions of it have been sold
by the hundreds of thousands. Wil
lard painted many other pictures
before his death in 1918 but none <of
them ever became aw famous as
“The Spirit of
Golden Gate Salad.
% pound of fresh marshmallows
cut in halves.
2 nice oranges, carefully peeled
and cut in small pieces.
2 bananas, cut in dicelike pieces.
2 thick slices of fresh pineapple
cut in the same way.
1 large tart apple, cut fine.
% pint bottle of red maraschino
cherries, cut in half, with juice.
/ % pint jar of french marrons,
broken up, with sirup.
The delicate inner stalks of one
head of celery, cut in small pieces.
V\ pound of fresh pecans or eng-
lish walnuts.
Mix nuts, fruits, celery together
in dish and put in icebox.
Dressing.
% pint of thick mayonnaise.
Vi pint of thick cream.
Whip cream and mix with may
onnaise and juice of half a lemon.
An hour before serving mix dress
ing lightly with salad and sprinkle
with plenty of paprika. Serve very
cold on crisp lettuce leaves.
I like this salad very much. I
ate it first in California, so I call
it Golden Gate salad. It is best
made of fresh fruits, but it can be
made of canned fruits. At home
we often serve it instead of dessert,
with a little more whipped cream.
Copyright.—WNU Service.
Chinese Lady's Tiny Feet
“Lily” feet three inches long,
beautifully tapered but painfully
crippled, are still a curse of China
despite 30 years of crusading
against them. In Hankow, 90 per
cent of all women over thirty still
have bound feet.
A Three Days* Cough
Is Your Danger Signal
No matter how many medicines
you have tried for your cough, chest
cold or bronchial irritation, you can
get relief now with Creomulslon.
Serious trouble may be brewing and
you cannot afford to take a chance
with anything less than Creomul-
sion, which goes right to the seat
of the trouble to aid nature to
soothe and heal the inflamed mem
branes as the germ-laden phlegm
Is loosened and expelled.
Even if other remedies have
failed, don’t be discouraged, your
druggist is authorized to guarantee
Creomulslon and to refund your
money if you are not satisfied with
results from the very first bottle.
Get Creomulslon right now. (AdvJ
Love and Skill
When love and skill work to
gether, expect a masterpiece.—
Ruskin.
RELIEF
FROM PAIN
& COLDS
The original Cellophane wrapped
genuine pure aspirin^
VOILI't LAMEST
SELLEI AT
IO.
st.Josepti
GENUINE PURE ASPIRIN
Home and Virtues
Home is the jhief school of hu
man Virtues.—Channing.
DON’T
NEGLECT
A COLD
SORE, RHEUMATIC
MUSCLES
sedljetotMasy liniments aad n>«M. ffcai
U> be smeared on every few boon to be
Ire. The new treatment for eore. achlnr
lea la AUcoek’s Porous Plaster, that stay*
til pain ts all sone. One Atleoek'a Ptaa-
aata days and days without further
bt. The blood la «ent!y drawn to tba
ul rheumatic area, and the muscles am
tired aa you move. No rubbing. Noth Inn
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ur off when pula is sons. S minima
testify that AHcoek*s is marvelous for
oHm. arthritis, pains, chest colds. Z64 at
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JHUTE'S FOOT, BURNS,
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>ow cocas OSSS SVOSS
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