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ESTABLISHED 1865. NTEWBERRY,_S. C., THURSDAY, FEBRUAY1,19.PIE$.0AYA THE BANKS A, u THE PEOPLE. Reasons Why They Should be Friends and Not Enemies-The False Cry of Con traction and the Circumstances of its Origin. NO. I. [From the News and Courier.] The recent annual report of the comp troller of the currency develops some remarkable facts with regard to our national banks; the more remarkable and the more worthy of attention be cause of the bitter warfare being waged against the very existence of the na tional banking system by the Farmers' Alliance. it shows, for instance, that during the twelve months covered by this report, ending October 31, 1890, no less than three hundred and seven new national banks have organized, with a capital of $36,250,000. This is the largest increase within any one year since 1865, when the old banks were changing into national banks. BANKS INCREASE MOST IN ALLIANCE STATES. A very remarkable point in this is that the largest increase in any one State was in Texas, which, next to Kansas, may be regarded as the lead ing Alliance State, and which State is the home of Macune and Terrill, two of the most bitter agitators against the banks. In that State alone the in crease was sixty-three, with a capital of $5,950,000. Next in order of increase come Pennsylvania with twenty-seven new banks, and a capital of $2,375,000. Then comes Missouri, also a leading Alliance State, with twenty new banks and a capital of $4,400,000. Then comes Nebraska, another strong Alliance State, with nineteen banks and a capi tal of $1,825,000. So, then, the greatest increase may be said to be in strong Al liance States. This certainly does not seem to indicate that capitalists in those States expected the early success of the Alliance in abolishing the entire national bank system. On the con trary, so large an increase all over the country would seem clearly to indicate that the system has not only main tained, but is increasing; its hold on the business interests of the country. ENORMOUS INCREASE OF DEPOSITS. A further evidence of the increasing popular confidence in the national bank system is to be found in the enor mous increase in individual deposits. On January 1, 1866, the aggregate capi - tal of all national banks amounted to $403,357,336, and their individual de posits to $520,212,235. On October 2, 1890, the aggregate capital had in creased to $630,447,235 and the indivi4 ual deposits to $1,564,845,275. That is, during this period of nearly twenty-five years the capital stock of the banks had increased about 61 per cent., while the individual deposits had increased over 200 per cent. These deposits not only show the increasing popular confidence in the national banks, but they are also of prime importance to the business of the banks, as they are now their prin cipal source of profit-bank circulation in most locallties being no longer profit able on account of the high premi,ums on United States bonds. SMALL NUMBER OF BANKS IN THE - .SOUTH. Another point that it may be well for us of the South to note, though it may not be altogether agreeable, is the dis proportionate amount of banking facili ties in the South, compared with other sections of the country. South Caro lina, for instance, has only sixteen national banks in active operation, with a capital of $1,798,000; while Kansas, with almost the same popula tion in 1880, has one hundred and fifty-eight banks, with a capital of $14, 209,000. Mississlppi has only twelve banks, with a capital of $1,144,000, while New Jersey, with about the same pop ulation, has niuety -five banks, with a capital of $14,308,000. Georgia, the mupire State of the South, has only thirty=one banks, with a capital ef %8, 943,000 while Iowa has one hundred and forty-one banks, with a capital of $11, 870,000. And similar disproportions we would tind all the way through. These are unpleasant facts, perhaps, but it is better to know themt. .4 GREAT S4VING TO THE PEOPLE. Tle 1:eport shows thlat the total num ber of national banks in actual opera: tion on the 31st of October, 1890, was &,567, beingr the largest number that -has e.xisted at any tinte iu the country. The capi.al stock of theae banks amounts to $659,782,565, and their bonds deposited to secure circulation to $140,190,900. They hold $105,908,890 in specie, $80,604,731 in leg-al tender notes, $18,492,392 in national bank notes and $6,165,000 in United States certificates of deposit. A tabulited re gort shows that da;zfts were drawu dur ing the year by 3,;; banlks amounting. to $11,550,898,252 at an average cost of 4h cents per $100, which is about one twelfth of 1 per cent., or $9,818,263 for the entire amount charged for transact ing this enormous business. At the prage rate prevailing in 1859 under the old systeryi of State banks of 1 per cent, the cost to the people in ezchange alone on this amount would have been $115,5308,98:3. Thus we have a saving in the single item of exchange of over $10X5,000,000 due to our better banking sstem. And yet there are those who advocate returning to the old system of State banks, with high rates of ex 1Ahange guddifferent values of currency n~ each State. REDUCYTION OF IMANK CIRCULATION. The great complaint of the Alliance against the banks is for reducing their circulation, and thus, as is asserted, contracting the currency of the coun try. While it is not at all true that the circulating medium of the country as a whole has been at any time reduced, it is quite true that national bank cur rency has been and is still being largely reduced. But the reduction of national bank currency has been all the time much more than counterbalanced by the monthly coinige of silver. and the issue of silver certificat.s thereon,so that there has been continuous and very considerable increase in the circulating medium of the country, instead of a decrease. As the writer has heretofore shown your readers from official figures, the entire currency of the country on June 30, 1873, was $831,316,387, and on June 30, 1889, had increased to $1,666, 09i,420, that is it had more than doubled during this period of sixteen years. I have not the latest reports before me, so I cannot say exactly how much it now is. But Secretary Windom in his recent report informs us that dur ing the nineteen months of the present Administration the money circulation of the country has been irncreased by the addition of $93,806,813. THE POPULAR ERROR. We see how incorrect is the prevail ing idea, so assiduously cultivated by that wonderful fabricator of figures, the National Economist, that there has been at any time any contraction of our currency as a whole, and that we must look elsewhere for the cause or causes of the present stringency in the money market. CORRECTING PAT CALHOUN. I do not propose to enter into this part of the question at present, further than to say that I do not consider Mr. Pat Calhoun's idea, published a few days ago, as at all the correct explana tion. Mr. Calhoun is no doubt a very able man financially, and has an un usually astute meutor in "the old City by the Sea." But his idea that the hoarding of money by our poor South ern cotton planters has any important part in creating the present money strengency will, I am sure, be received with a smile of increduility by all who are well informed as to the hard up condition of most of these planters, and how hard it is for them to make ends meet at the end of the year. No, Mr. Calhoun, this is not the cause of the stringeney any more than the pre tended contraction of the currency. WHO IS TO BLAME? But, as I said above, it is true that the national bank currency has been and is still being contracted, and the writer fully agrees with those 'ho re gard this as a great misfortune for the country, for it is the best and safest, and at the same time most elastic, cur rency we can have. But is it any fault of the banks that their notes are being decreased? Is it because they wish the currency of the country contracted? Is it not on the contrary, the fault of the very elements in the country who are complaining of them for doing so; of the "greenbackers" originally, then of their natural successors, the "silver ites," the "fiat moneyites," and all who are in favor of what they call "cheap" money-that is, short yard sticks-for the people. These are they who have forced the banks into a con traction of their circulation and then abuse them for it. The national bank circulation reached its maximum in October, 1882, wheu the total national bank notes outstand ing amou-ated to s362,889,134. Since that time they have been gradually diminished by the redemption of the United States bonds, on which they were based, until, in November last, there were outstanding only $179,755, 643. The original idea of Mr. McCul loch, which was also that of Mr. Sher man-our two*greatest financiers--was to gradually withdraw and cancel the Giovernmient notes-" green backs," which were generally regarded of doubtful constitutionality--and have national bank notes to take their place. But the "greenbackers" were able to put a stop to this plan after the "green backs" had been reduced to about $346, 000,000, at which amount they still stand. EFFECT : HIGH TARIFF. Since then the policy of the Govern ment has beeni such, in the matnten ance of a high protective tariff, thus taking out the pockets of the people hundreds of millions beyond necessary Government expenses, and, in order to put this vast surplus back in circutla tion agai'. o-nlying it to the purchase of Uni'n oates bonds, that it has run the bonds up to such a hIgh premium that the banks can no longer aff'ord the purchase them as a basis for the issue of notes. Thus we see how the policy of the Government has been such as to force the banks into a contraction of their notes. They have not done so from choice, or becauise they favored a contraction of the currency of the coun try, as some wvould have us believe, but because it was made no looger profita ble for them to issue notes; for surely we could not expect them to do so at a loss, merely out of a sentiment of be nevolence. That would not be busi ness: and the banks are basiness estab lishments, not benevolent institutions. RESIEDIES SUGGEsTED, The Comptroller suggests and urges on Congress some practical measures for the relief of the banks which would at the same time increase their circula tion to the extent of several miillion dollars, and which it would therefore seem ought to be acceptable to the ex pansionists. But of these your space will not allow me to sp)eak at present. Civis. As soon as you discover any falling of thbe hair or gray ness always u~se Hall's Hair Renewer to tone up the secretions ndre vent baldinesor graynes~~ ARP'S LETTER. The Philosopher's Advice to Those Con templating Marriage--The Young Wife's Standard of Living Should be Taken Into Consideration. [From the Atlanta Constitution.] I am going to build a pigeon house. It. .eeims to be a long-felt want. A squab fell down from the coping of the rhimnuey yesterday, and Mrs. Arp had it cooked for the little orphan and I beard her telling the children how her pa had a great, big pigeon house and hundreds of pigeon, and they had great dishes of squabs to eat all the year round, and how nice old Aunt Peggy could cook them, and they were better than chickens or partridges, oranything else. Every once in a while she dis courses these children on thejoys and luxuries of her childhood. She tells them about the fish-pond and the deer park, and the bucks and does and fawns, and how she petted one and it would come at her call and eat from her hand, and how they had venison whenever they wanted it, and old Aunt Peggy couid beat anybody cook iug venison. And how they milked eight cows, and Aunt Sally made great churn's full of butter and how they killed about a hundred fat hogs every winter and what a big time ;it was drying up the lard and making saus ages and smoking hams and shoulders, and middlings in the high topped smokehouse. And about the big potato patch where they snade enough pota toes for the white folks and a hundied negroes besides, and her pa kept them sound and s ;et in the banks until potatoes came again. And she tells about the big plantation on the Chatta hoochee and the ferryboat, and the fish traps and the bluffs all covered with laurel, and the big gin house, and ho sv she used to ride around on the long beams and pop the whip at the horses as they -went round and round under the cogwheels, and how little Ben fed the gin and big Ben packed the cotton, and old Uncle Jack wore number fourteen shoes and his feet spraddled out nearly straight and made a path a yard wide when he walked through the field, and so he wasn't allowed to hoe corn but was kept at the ferry or in the blacksmith shop on the river bank. And how she learned to spin and to weave and wore home-made linsey woolsey dresses, and could plait a shirt bosom or tuck a dress before she was twelve years old, and, last of all, how she would .have been somebody if I had given . her time, but I married her when she was nothing but a child and she hasen't had any times since to learn anything or do anything but nurse children and work for them. Good gracious-when she dilates and narrates and expectorates upon the halcyon days of her girlhood, I have to take a back seat while the children draw near and listen and wonder and admire, and I feel like I am nobody much and may be Idid wrong in invad ing her household and carrying off its queen. But I have done my best-yes, I have done my best, I have fought a good fight and kept the faith and tried to keep her up to her raising and she might have waited longer and done wvorse. But I am going to build her a p)igeon house and let her feast her me nmories in watching the beautiful birds as they gracefully sail around in flocks and she shall feed her children on squabs to her heart's content. I bought her a fawn once but he grew up to buckhood and had horns and liked to have killed one of the children, and so I killed him and that let me out of the deer business. I had some big-foot negroes too, and several cows and used to have right smart bog kiilings, and I made her a fish pond and raised tur keys and pea fowls, and kept her fresh and green in the memories of her youth, but I never did have a great big pigeon house. I'll show her child ren that I'm somebody too, even if I diden't have much to start on except form and feature and wore good ciothes and ten dollar boots, and carried of the prize at the school examinations. One of her boys was fixing for a party the other night and it took him half an hour and two looking glasses to array himself in his swallow-tail coat and double-breasted cravat and rainbow surcingle and patent leather shoes and derby hat and a chemisette for a shirt bosom. and when he presented himself his mother exclaimed: "Well, well! you are just your p)a over and over again, Hie wvas the dressiest and the handsomest young man you ever saw and you get it all from him." When a young man begins to look round and hanker after a wife he had better consider wvhether he can keep her up to her raising or not. If he thinks hie can then he is safe to invite her to put her clothes in his chest but if she is rich and he is "only tolerable, I thank you," he had better be careful and go slow, for riches take wings and fly away, and if he can't keep up the old standard its a reflection on his capacity. A good, sensible wife won't say anything on that line, but most every woman has an idea that if she was a man she would make life a suc cess and so, if her husband proves a failure she don't strain her eyes in looking up to him. It's all right at our house except the pigeon house and the squabs, and I'll catch up with that. In fact, I'm ahead of the music in a good many things considering the war and raising tenm children and keeping them in good clothes and healthy vit tels. I have done pretty well and she knows it. IffI am not rich I am not indecently poor and a few more years will close out the partnership and the battle of life be over. In t he n1lfceaG married for love they bunched every thng they had and got in one boat and sailed down the stream together, but now-a-days it is not uncommon to hear a married woman talk about her house and her farm, and her crop, and her bank account. It is all well enough for a woman to keep what she inherits, but I wouldn't play second fiddle to no woman upon earth if she ever said "this is mine" to me. It dwarfs a man in the estimation of his children for their mother to have the biggest pile. Pa is of no consequence if ma has got the money. I have known boys to grow up and sue for property their parents sold to raise them on, just be cause there was a flaw in the papers. They had no respect for their father. The property came in between them and him and tb y dishonored him and b:-ought disgrace upon themselves. I have seen rich men made richer and their victims bankrupted by these in tamous suits and I have my doubts whether it benefits the State or its citi zens for anybody to own anything in town. Legal theft is as dishonorable as illegal theft. It is a sort of larceny after trust and those who are guilty of it leave a legacy to their children, a legacy of property acquired through a parent's infamy. Children should be raised to believe that their father is their best friend and the best man in the world so far as they are concerned. This is the true parental relation and if one of mine should seek to undo any thing that I have done in r, gard to property I would hide my head in shame that such a child was ever born to me. "Children obey your parents, for this is right." "Honor thy father and thy mother," saith the Scripture. One day a father and his child were riding In a wagon when the horse ran away and overturned the wagon just as he got loose from the harness. The father was thrown into a ditch but the little girl was found safe and sound under the wagon body. She smiled as they took her out and said, "I knew my pa wouden't let me get hurt." That is the faith, the trust, the love that a child should have in the parent. The expectation of getting property when the old man dies is a drawback upon the child's affection. It is an insidious, poisonous temptation and too frequent ly paralyses filial love and respect. And so the law of compensation comes in and bless the poor man in the loving devotion of his children. If all that he has to give them comes from his daily labor, his sweat and his toil, they have more hope in his life than in his death, and nature fills their heart swith love for him. It is an Arabian proverb that "The heritage of the poor is the love of their children." Then let no man envy the rich for they are in peril, but rather JM us be content to breathe the prayer of Azar, the prophet, and say, "Give me neither poverty nor riches." BILL ARP. MIS DREXEL'S RETIREWENT. Her Final Religious Vows to be Taken on Feb. 12-Her Income 350,00,000 a Year. - PHILADELPHIA, Feb. J.--Miss Ca tharine M. Drexel, daughter of the late F. A. Drexel, who has been at the Con vent of the Sisters of Mercy in Pitts burgh for about a year and a half, will make her profession on Thursday, Feb. 12, at the house of the order in Pitts burgh. This step, while not absolutely final, is regarded as decisive of Miss Drexel's intentions. Her retirement to the convent at first was in the nature of a trial. She has been very happy with the regular routine of charitable deeds and its offices of prayer, and even her friends have no doubt that the ceremonial of Feb. 12 will mark her retirement from the world for the re mainder of her life. Only relatives and. a few intimate friends will be present at the ceremony. Miss Drexel's object in taking the religious vows of an order which she is to found, is to establish means of educa tional and religious work among the Indians and colored people, and she pro poses to devote her income, known to be much more than $400,000 a year, to the work of her order. One of the execu tors of the Drexel estate says that, as Superior of of the new order, Miss Drexel will retain personal control of her fortune. The estate of the late F. A. Drexel was left in trust for his daughter during life. Her income, it is said, has not been allowed to accu mu late, all three sisters having long pur sued the course of giving large sums in aid of various enterprises of the Roman Catholic Church. During the year and a half of her novitiate Miss Drexel has worn the garb of the Sisters of Mercy and shared their work. She has in that time paid several visits to this city, stopping at the convent of the order at Broad street and Columbia avenue instead of at the family residence. During each stay here she has:received a number of her friends, looking paler, with her features some what worn by the ascetic life of the order, but bright and cheerful, convers ing with her wonted cordiality and simplicity of manner, During all the time that Miss Drexel has been a no vice and privileged to turn back from her religious life, many who know her have thought that she might decide not to take the final step, but that expectation is now abandoned. If you suffer pricking pains on mov ing the eyes, or cannot bear bright light, and find your sight weak and failing, you should promptly use Dr. J. H. McLean's Strengthing Eye Salve. 25 cents a box. For weak back, chest pains, use Dr. 4. H. McLean's Wonderful Healing THE PERFECT POLITICAL CHIEFTAIN The Matchless Services of Arthur P. Gor man for Triumphant Democracy. [From the Atlanta Constitution.J A former resident of Baltimore, whc is now an Atlanta citizen, gave me interesting points about Gorman yes terday. "I will make a prediction," said the speaker, "to this effect: That inside of three years the foremost man of this country will be Arthur P. Gorman of Maryland. He was formally declared the leader of the Democratic side of the Senate, and they gave way to hli magnificent executive ability as if by tacit and common consent. They obey his orders without a question. Why, the manner in which he has piloted the party to a grand victory, and has saved the whole country from a great disaster in this last fight on the infa. mous Force bill, demonstrates that the party has at last got a man before whom Dudley and Quay and Ingalls are as children to a giant. And the best of it is that his methods are always pure and clean. Another man would have allowed hot-blooded partisan speeches to be made, and thus forced the Republicans to be a unit, and have given them a good reason for passing the measure and have awakened pub lic sentiment at the North in their favor. Gorman strictly forbade a sin gle reply on that line to all of the taunts of Hoar and Aldrich et al. The consequence was that the Republicans were divided and Gorman scored the greatest victory of his life. "I do not know," he continued, "that he will ever be President, but this I do know, that there will never be another Republican President while Gorman is at the head of the Demo cratic party. He stands to-day in learning, in eloquence, in statesman ship, and in marvelous genius without a peer, and is to-day the greateststates man living, in my humble opinion. His fame has only just begun to spread outside of Maryland, but longyuars ago in Baltimore we always knew we were safe when Arthur P. Gorman took the helm and guided the party's ship through the troublous waters of battle safe into the peaceful haven of victory. It can be said of him that he never for got a friend, never failed to punish a foe, never forgave a blunder, never made a mistake, and always won what ever he undertook to win. Calm, stern, kindly, implacable at times and gene rous in word and act where generosity was deserved, he is at once the biggest brained, broadest-minded, and best equipped man in public life. And yet he has barely turned his fiftieth year. My advice to you if you wish to win money is to always bet on the party that is guided by Arthur P. Gorman of Maryland, for he is a second Napoleon, and the coming man in America." An Essay on Man. [From the Wichita County Democrat.] Man that is born of woman is small potatoes and few in a hill. He rises up to-day and flourishes like a rag weed, and to-morrow, or the next day, the undertaker hath him. He goeth forth in the morning warbling like a lark, and is knockd out in one round and two seconds. In the midst of life he is in debt, and the tax collector pursues him wherever he goeth. The banister of life is full of splinters, and he slideth down with considerable rapidity. He walketh forth in the bright sunlight to absorb ozone and meeteth the wheel barrow in his path. It riseth up and smiteth him to the earth, and falleth upon him, and runneth one off its legs into his ear. In the gentle spring time he putteth on his summer clothes, and a blizzard striketh him far from home and filleth him with cuss words and rheumatism. In the winter he putteth on winter and a wasp that abideth excitement. He starteth down into the cellar with an oleander and goeth backward, and the oleander cometh after and sitteth upon him. He buyeth a watch dog and when he cometh home from the lodge watch dog treeth him, and sitteth near him unil rosy morn. He goeth to the horse trot and betteth his money on the brown mare, and the pay gelding with a blaze face winneth. He imarrieth a red-headed heiress with a wart on her nose, and the next day the parent ancestors goeth under with a fee, arrest, and great liabilities and cometh home to live with his be loved son-in-law. For the restoration of faded and gray hair to its original color and freshness, Ayer's Nair Vigor remains unrivaled. This is the most popular and valuable toilet preparation in the world; all who use it are periectly satisfied that it is the best. To allay pains. subdue inflammation, heal foul sores and ulcers the most prompt and satisfactory results are ob ained by using that old reliable reme dy, Dr. J. H. McLean's Volcanic Oil Liniment. You cannot accomplish any wGrk or business unless you feel well. L'you feel used up-tired out- taae Dr. J. H. McLean's Sarsaparilla. It will give you health, strength and vitality. Little Boy (in crowded street car to pretty little girl), "PIll give you my seat if you'll take it. Little Girl (whispering), "IPm ever so much obliged, but you shouldn't offer your seat- until you are ready to get off, 'cause people will th-ink you are from the country." Mr. Randall Pope, the retired drug gist of Madison, Fla., says (Dec. 3, 1889) he regards P. P. P. (Prickly Ash Poke Root and Potassium) as the best altera. tive on the market, and that he ha seen more beneficial results from th use of it than any other blood medicine. THE REV. SAM JONES IN A FIGHT. He Telegraphs That He Has Beaten a Mayoi Who Started Out to Cane Him. ATLANTA, February 3.-The follow ing telegram was received hare to-day from the Rev. Sam Jones, the Georgia evangelist,wbo is in Oakwoods, Texas: "The one-gallus Mayor of Palestine, Texas, tried to cane your uncle Jones this morning at the depot. I wrenched the cane from him and wore him out. I am a little disfigured, but still in the ring. I criticised his official career last November. It needed criticising." DETAILS OF THE AFFAIR. PALESTINE, TEx., Februry 3.-At a series of meetings held here in No vember last the Rev. Sam Jones, of Cartersville, Ga., excited much com ment and enthusiasm, both for the large number of conversions he effected for various religious denominations and for the vigorous manner in which he assailed sinners in general and several individuals in particular. Among the latter who were sharply rebuked by the Evangelist was Mayor J. J. .Ward, to whose official and pri vate character he alluded in the severest and most pointed terms. The mayor was absent from the city at the time and the announcement that the well known evangelist would be here again to deliver his lecture, "Get there," caused much excitement and there was a rush for seats. Jones arrived on Receiver Bonner's special car at 8 o'clock last night and the lecture was delivered before a large audience in the Opera House. At the station this morning, just be fore the evangelist took the train for the West, Mayor Ward was seen ap proaching. Uttering a few words the mayor then vigorously attacked Jones with a cane. In the struggle the cane changed hands and the mayor received several blows. Before the by-standers could part the angry combatants heavy bruises were inflicted and both bled profusely. In a a few minutes the train pulled out of the station with Sam Yones on board. Mayor Ward was subsequertly ar rested and placed under bonds for ag gravated assault and for carrying a pistol. The mayor avows his right to carry weapons and declares he had no intention of carrying his resentment further than caning Jones. WHAT THE MAYOR SAYS. ST. LouIs, Feb 6.-Mayor J. J.Ward of Palestine, Texas, to-day comes out with a card in which he says the trou ble between Rev. Sam. Jones and him self was on account of a personal mat ter and not because the evangelist criticised his official action. The Mayor says: "While Jones was here he took it upon himself to refer in the most insulting language to my private life and habits before my wife and chil dren, hence my attack upon him. As for my official conduct that is open to the scrutiny of right-minded men." THE CALF CAsE. A Western Lawsuit that Goes Merrily On. [From the St. Louis Republic.] DEs MOINES, January 28.-The Iowa Supreme Court has finally affirmed the decision of the lower court in the cele brated case of Johnson against Miller et al., better known as "the Jones County calf case." The verdict of the lower court was for the plaintiff in the sum of $1,000. The last jury returned a verdict and also answered a number of special interrogatories, and the case went to the Supreme Court on the ground that the ans*wers and the special interogato ries did not warrant the verdict. The case has been in the courts about twenty years and has been tried sev eral times in the lower- courts and has taken several trips to the Supreme Court. It has bankrupted everybody connected with it except the attorneys. The calves over which this litigation grew were originally worth $45, and up to this time the costs of the case have grown to between $15,000 and $20,000, in addition to the verdict' of $1,000. One of Pennsylvania's Rural statesmen. HARRISBURG, Jan. 24.-We have a few rural members here who can scarcely take care of themselves, Iet alone looking after the interests of their constituents. Only yesterday a gen tleman from one of our neighbor counties who had just gotten his order for stamps went to the city Post Office to get them. "What denomination ?" inquired the clerk. "Lutheran,'' said the member mod estly. For rheumatic and neuralgic pains bring Dr. J. Bi. McLean's Volcanic 2 il Liniment, and take Dr. J. H. Mc Lean's Sarsaparilla. You will not suffer long, will be gained with a speedy and effectve cure. Frequently accidents occur in the house-hold which cause burns, cuts, sprains and bruises; for use in such cases Dr. J. H. McLean's Volcanic Oil Liniment has for many years been the constant favorite family remedy. Eczema, scalp covered with eruptions doctors proven valueless. P. P. P. was, tried and the hair began to grow again, not a pimple can be seen, and P. P. P. Iagain proved itself a wonderful skin cure. If you have a paintui sense or rauigue, find your duties irksome, take Dr. J. H. McLean's Sarsaparilia. It will brace you up, make you strong and vigorous. If you suffer from any~afNftE caused by impure blood, sueh as scrof ula, salt rheum, sores, boils, pimples tetter,sringworm, take Dr. J. H. Mc Tan'da Rasrilla. A Question of Cooks. [Greenville News.] It is safe to say that in any gathering of three or more women of the fair cir cumstances ranging from fairly good to affluent anywhere in this country the talk among them will drift, no matter where it starts, within forty minutes of conversation to the servant question. It is an old social joke now that the servant question has fairly supplanted the weather as a stock subject of con versation, but the question's conversa tional value goes beyond that. , The weather is utilized only when other things have failed. It opens up dis course as the preliminary sparring and feinting begins a set fight or as the overture precedes the rising of the cur tains; or else it is desperately seized upon when the people present have persistenly failed to get together, and when after a series of fitful breezes, brief freezes and temporary thaws a dreadful dead calm has set in and some thing has to be done to maintain at least an appearance of action. The ser vant question, however, is not a make shift. It has become a necessity. It lures the feminine thought and con verse as the maelstrom draws the skiff or the magnet attracks the needle. It is not a refuge from silence, but an in evitable result of the interchanges of the experiences, observations, hopes, ideas and thoughts of womankind. Women who employ servants discuss them with moaning and bitterness and recitations of unhappy experiences and perpetual wishes to be deliyered from the bondage of them, while those who are too poor or too thrifty to hire any envy the supposed happiness and ease of those who are plagued by a dozen. So goes the world. Nobody is satisfied. Millions of dollars and elevation of social and official position do not seem to give relief from the servitude to ser vitors. The Northern newspapers have followed the women in invariable and protracted consideration of the matter and are filled with doleful evidences that there is no hope for improvement. Mrs. Senators Sherman, Stewart and Standford, &ch of whom is equipped with a millionaire husband, echo the complaints and lamentations of the great dames of Murray Hill whose wealth can command everything in the world but satisfactory service from their hirelings. Mrs. Sherman had twenty years of comparative happiness in the possession of an old black family cook secured from a Virginia family just after the war, but since the 'retirement of that inestimable blessing from active service, has been in a condition of do mestic anarchy very little better and in some respects a good deal worse than that of the. ordinary housewife who struggles year in and out with relays, substitutions and experiments in cook and combined nurse and housemaids. Mrs. Stanford Imperils the political prospects of her husband by confessing to a Chinese cook. No doubt the aver age man would surrender honors or possessions or anything short of his everlasting salvation to secure peace in his kitchen. In the matter of house maids, maids, coachmen, butlers, scull ions, grooms, waiters and footmen, the California Senator is as seriously in volved as his neighbors. The investi gation develops the fact that even Gen eral Grant, during his occupancy of the White House, while he was dictator of a great party, commander in chief of the army and navy of the world's greatest country and master of legisla tion was bewildered and baffled by the complicated deviltries of his "help" and found it an unceasing burden up~on his soul. The Hayes family while it was the chief one in the land was re duced to the humiliating necessity of having the duties of the President's valet and Mrs. Pres:dent's maid per formed by one person of African de scent and masculine gender, finding it impossible to secure by love or money or influence a female of any color or age who could simultaneously refrain from picking and stealing, from "sass ing" her alleged mistress and from neglecting her supposed work. "Exaggerated independence" the la dies who seem to have thought and ex perienced most severely in the matter say is the trouble. There is a prejudice among the American people of all classes against servile work. The men prefer to earn their living by doing harder work for less wages outside of domestic employment and liveries and have the same preferences for their wives and daughters. Experiments have been tried over and over again by importing families and colonies of English, German, Irish and Swiss people for use as servants, but they have always brought up their children for other occupations and declined to allow them t o go "in service" on any terms. The result is that, as a rule, the kind of people who can be hired as domestics is the kind that nobody wants-the kind without ambition or character or industry ; and where, here and there, a good servant is secured he or she is held on to as worth nearly full weight in gold and kept out of thE market place of the intelligence office. In fact, good servants who are honest, efficient, faithful and sober are so rare that when found they are likely to be petted and indulged to the spoiling point and by force of competition for their services developed into insurbor nation and neglect. The matter is a serious one in many respects, with all the fun the newspa pers and even the victims themselvei make of it, and from the present out look it Is likely to become worse, from the employere' standpoint. Mention of economy of any va .riety in connection with the ser jvant question may be inappropriate, but as a matter of political economy the situation is encouraging. A servile class is a convenience for housekeepers and people in good circumstances, but : it is a bad thing for a country ; and conversi of that proposition-that the absence of a servile class is a good thing-is likewise true. Wealth is in creasing and the demand for domestic servants increases with it; while the supply of such servants diminishes with the increasing opportunities for the use of labor, timeand skill in other directions, with the increase of educa tion among the masses of the people and with the continuance and devel opment of the American spirit of liber ty of action and independence that re volts against servitude and the kind of personal service to which instinct more than reason attaches degradation. The -. same causes operate, but in less degree, among the colored people in the South. Good servants become scarcer every year. In the country few families, however wealthy, pretend to have more than one servant because most f the negroes are farming for themselves or raising families of their own, and it is nearly as bad (or good) in the cities The women of the better and more in-. telligent class marry and the ien go, into the shops or mechanical employ ments or the hotels as waiters ; and, as a rule, it is only the ignorant, the C, stupid or the shiftless who care to } "hire out" ; and, as at the North, even - they soon learn their own value, un derstand that they can secure work with recommendation or without it.,: and do not trouble themselves to please their employers. We do not know, as a practical pro position, but that the country would be a good deal better if each family was compelled to do all its own domestic work. The idea is not entirely pleasant to any of us. There would be less ease and leisure and less opportunity for pleasure than there now is. It is not unlikely, however, that there would be more real comfort and satisfaction all around than we now enjoy. Domestic matters would be more simplfied and. regulated. A great deal of waste would- t be avoided, along with no end of worry. And if electricity comes in, as it most likely will,'to make the cooking of meals and the lighting and heating of houses a matter of seconds withoutdust" or dirt, wood cutting, coal carrying or ; any more heat than is exactly neces sary; and if the same agent, of exhaust-. less resources, performs the many othe , wonders of which it seems capablei< . the way of carrying messages, opening doors and multitudinous household-. services, it may be that the domestic' servant may be numbered with other: extinct species and relics of barbarism ' without being at all missed. gos SKIN GRAFTING LN NEW YORK. Replacing the Scalp Tor From Xrs. Her man Wilck's Head a Xonth Ago. [New York Sun.] The most extensive skin grafting operation that ever took place in Berle- ~ vue Hospital is now being performed there upon Mrs. Herman Wilek, whosze husband has alaundry at Twenty-third - street and First avenue. Mrs. Wilek's hair became entangled in one of the swiftly rolling pieces of machinery on December 26, and her scalp was taken off. The left ear and right eyebrow went with the scalp, and the wound extended far down into the neck. Mrs. Wilck has been a patient in Bellevue ever since the accident, and last Wednesday the first attempt to graft skin upon her head was made. If the process is successful, and Dr. Zerega thinks it will be, Mrs. Wilcks will soon be able to leave the hospital. Of course, her head will be as bald as an ivory billiard ball, but that willH be far better than having no scalp at alL Since Mrs. Wilek has been in the hospital her health and appetite have ' been remarkably good. The strips of skin with which Mrs.~ Wilck's head is being covered are sup plied from the thighis of Delia Ryan, one of the girls employed in Herman - Wilck's laundry. The strips are very thin, from one to eight inches in length, and are put on in small pieces. Then they are held down securely by rubber tissue and bandages. The skin is cut off by a sharp, wide . razor, and while undergoieg the opera tion anestheties are given to the patient. It may be several weeks be fore the second and final graft is made. P. P. P. cures Serofula, Salt Rheum and all humors, Dyspepsia, Sick Hea d ache, Billousness. It cures that tired feeling, creates an appetite, strengthensa the nerves and builds up thewhe system. P. P. P. is unrivaled, and since ' its introduction has cured more cases of blood disease than all the other blood .purifiers put ~together. P. P. P. stimulates the appetite and aids the process of assimilation, cures nervous troubles and invigorates and strengthens every organ of the body. Nervous prostration is also cured by the great and powerful P. P. P. its - effects are permanent and lasting. That sour-tempered, cross, dyepi individuals, should take Dr. J. H. c- ~. Lean's Sarsaparilla! It will make him feel as well and hearty as the healthiest of us. He needs bracing up, vitalizing, that is all. 0 for a lodge ln some vast wilderness, $ where nothing is "owing to the inelem ency of the weather," and the "youth -: and beauty" of every gthering~isM old and ugly as.thegpramnds toxation of the Sytel ~wulb the powerfu . P. P-, wffieh.ve hih and nmnth tothwrc