The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, February 12, 1891, Image 1
ESTABLISHED 1865. NTEWBERRY,_S. C., THURSDAY, FEBRUAY1,19.PIE$.0AYA
THE BANKS A, u THE PEOPLE.
Reasons Why They Should be Friends and
Not Enemies-The False Cry of Con
traction and the Circumstances
of its Origin.
NO. I.
[From the News and Courier.]
The recent annual report of the comp
troller of the currency develops some
remarkable facts with regard to our
national banks; the more remarkable
and the more worthy of attention be
cause of the bitter warfare being waged
against the very existence of the na
tional banking system by the Farmers'
Alliance. it shows, for instance, that
during the twelve months covered by
this report, ending October 31, 1890, no
less than three hundred and seven
new national banks have organized,
with a capital of $36,250,000. This is
the largest increase within any one
year since 1865, when the old banks
were changing into national banks.
BANKS INCREASE MOST IN ALLIANCE
STATES.
A very remarkable point in this is
that the largest increase in any one
State was in Texas, which, next to
Kansas, may be regarded as the lead
ing Alliance State, and which State is
the home of Macune and Terrill, two
of the most bitter agitators against the
banks. In that State alone the in
crease was sixty-three, with a capital
of $5,950,000. Next in order of increase
come Pennsylvania with twenty-seven
new banks, and a capital of $2,375,000.
Then comes Missouri, also a leading
Alliance State, with twenty new banks
and a capital of $4,400,000. Then comes
Nebraska, another strong Alliance
State, with nineteen banks and a capi
tal of $1,825,000. So, then, the greatest
increase may be said to be in strong Al
liance States. This certainly does not
seem to indicate that capitalists in
those States expected the early success
of the Alliance in abolishing the entire
national bank system. On the con
trary, so large an increase all over the
country would seem clearly to indicate
that the system has not only main
tained, but is increasing; its hold on
the business interests of the country.
ENORMOUS INCREASE OF DEPOSITS.
A further evidence of the increasing
popular confidence in the national
bank system is to be found in the enor
mous increase in individual deposits.
On January 1, 1866, the aggregate capi
- tal of all national banks amounted to
$403,357,336, and their individual de
posits to $520,212,235. On October 2,
1890, the aggregate capital had in
creased to $630,447,235 and the indivi4
ual deposits to $1,564,845,275. That is,
during this period of nearly twenty-five
years the capital stock of the banks had
increased about 61 per cent., while the
individual deposits had increased over
200 per cent. These deposits not only
show the increasing popular confidence
in the national banks, but they are also
of prime importance to the business of
the banks, as they are now their prin
cipal source of profit-bank circulation
in most locallties being no longer profit
able on account of the high premi,ums
on United States bonds.
SMALL NUMBER OF BANKS IN THE
- .SOUTH.
Another point that it may be well for
us of the South to note, though it may
not be altogether agreeable, is the dis
proportionate amount of banking facili
ties in the South, compared with other
sections of the country. South Caro
lina, for instance, has only sixteen
national banks in active operation,
with a capital of $1,798,000; while
Kansas, with almost the same popula
tion in 1880, has one hundred and
fifty-eight banks, with a capital of $14,
209,000. Mississlppi has only twelve
banks, with a capital of $1,144,000, while
New Jersey, with about the same pop
ulation, has niuety -five banks, with a
capital of $14,308,000. Georgia, the
mupire State of the South, has only
thirty=one banks, with a capital ef %8,
943,000 while Iowa has one hundred and
forty-one banks, with a capital of $11,
870,000. And similar disproportions
we would tind all the way through.
These are unpleasant facts, perhaps,
but it is better to know themt.
.4 GREAT S4VING TO THE PEOPLE.
Tle 1:eport shows thlat the total num
ber of national banks in actual opera:
tion on the 31st of October, 1890, was
&,567, beingr the largest number that
-has e.xisted at any tinte iu the country.
The capi.al stock of theae banks
amounts to $659,782,565, and their
bonds deposited to secure circulation
to $140,190,900. They hold $105,908,890
in specie, $80,604,731 in leg-al tender
notes, $18,492,392 in national bank
notes and $6,165,000 in United States
certificates of deposit. A tabulited re
gort shows that da;zfts were drawu dur
ing the year by 3,;; banlks amounting.
to $11,550,898,252 at an average cost of
4h cents per $100, which is about one
twelfth of 1 per cent., or $9,818,263 for
the entire amount charged for transact
ing this enormous business. At the
prage rate prevailing in 1859 under
the old systeryi of State banks of 1 per
cent, the cost to the people in ezchange
alone on this amount would have been
$115,5308,98:3. Thus we have a saving
in the single item of exchange of over
$10X5,000,000 due to our better banking
sstem. And yet there are those who
advocate returning to the old system of
State banks, with high rates of ex
1Ahange guddifferent values of currency
n~ each State.
REDUCYTION OF IMANK CIRCULATION.
The great complaint of the Alliance
against the banks is for reducing their
circulation, and thus, as is asserted,
contracting the currency of the coun
try. While it is not at all true that the
circulating medium of the country as
a whole has been at any time reduced,
it is quite true that national bank cur
rency has been and is still being largely
reduced. But the reduction of national
bank currency has been all the time
much more than counterbalanced by
the monthly coinige of silver. and the
issue of silver certificat.s thereon,so that
there has been continuous and very
considerable increase in the circulating
medium of the country, instead of a
decrease. As the writer has heretofore
shown your readers from official figures,
the entire currency of the country on
June 30, 1873, was $831,316,387, and on
June 30, 1889, had increased to $1,666,
09i,420, that is it had more than doubled
during this period of sixteen years. I
have not the latest reports before me,
so I cannot say exactly how much it
now is. But Secretary Windom in
his recent report informs us that dur
ing the nineteen months of the present
Administration the money circulation
of the country has been irncreased by
the addition of $93,806,813.
THE POPULAR ERROR.
We see how incorrect is the prevail
ing idea, so assiduously cultivated by
that wonderful fabricator of figures,
the National Economist, that there
has been at any time any contraction
of our currency as a whole, and that we
must look elsewhere for the cause or
causes of the present stringency in the
money market.
CORRECTING PAT CALHOUN.
I do not propose to enter into this
part of the question at present, further
than to say that I do not consider Mr.
Pat Calhoun's idea, published a few
days ago, as at all the correct explana
tion. Mr. Calhoun is no doubt a very
able man financially, and has an un
usually astute meutor in "the old City
by the Sea." But his idea that the
hoarding of money by our poor South
ern cotton planters has any important
part in creating the present money
strengency will, I am sure, be received
with a smile of increduility by all who
are well informed as to the hard up
condition of most of these planters,
and how hard it is for them to make
ends meet at the end of the year. No,
Mr. Calhoun, this is not the cause of
the stringeney any more than the pre
tended contraction of the currency.
WHO IS TO BLAME?
But, as I said above, it is true that
the national bank currency has been
and is still being contracted, and the
writer fully agrees with those 'ho re
gard this as a great misfortune for the
country, for it is the best and safest,
and at the same time most elastic, cur
rency we can have. But is it any fault
of the banks that their notes are being
decreased? Is it because they wish the
currency of the country contracted? Is
it not on the contrary, the fault of the
very elements in the country who are
complaining of them for doing so; of
the "greenbackers" originally, then of
their natural successors, the "silver
ites," the "fiat moneyites," and all
who are in favor of what they call
"cheap" money-that is, short yard
sticks-for the people. These are they
who have forced the banks into a con
traction of their circulation and then
abuse them for it.
The national bank circulation reached
its maximum in October, 1882, wheu
the total national bank notes outstand
ing amou-ated to s362,889,134. Since
that time they have been gradually
diminished by the redemption of the
United States bonds, on which they
were based, until, in November last,
there were outstanding only $179,755,
643. The original idea of Mr. McCul
loch, which was also that of Mr. Sher
man-our two*greatest financiers--was
to gradually withdraw and cancel
the Giovernmient notes-" green backs,"
which were generally regarded of
doubtful constitutionality--and have
national bank notes to take their place.
But the "greenbackers" were able to
put a stop to this plan after the "green
backs" had been reduced to about $346,
000,000, at which amount they still
stand.
EFFECT : HIGH TARIFF.
Since then the policy of the Govern
ment has beeni such, in the matnten
ance of a high protective tariff, thus
taking out the pockets of the people
hundreds of millions beyond necessary
Government expenses, and, in order to
put this vast surplus back in circutla
tion agai'. o-nlying it to the purchase
of Uni'n oates bonds, that it has run
the bonds up to such a hIgh premium
that the banks can no longer aff'ord the
purchase them as a basis for the issue
of notes. Thus we see how the policy
of the Government has been such as to
force the banks into a contraction of
their notes. They have not done so
from choice, or becauise they favored a
contraction of the currency of the coun
try, as some wvould have us believe, but
because it was made no looger profita
ble for them to issue notes; for surely
we could not expect them to do so at a
loss, merely out of a sentiment of be
nevolence. That would not be busi
ness: and the banks are basiness estab
lishments, not benevolent institutions.
RESIEDIES SUGGEsTED,
The Comptroller suggests and urges
on Congress some practical measures
for the relief of the banks which would
at the same time increase their circula
tion to the extent of several miillion
dollars, and which it would therefore
seem ought to be acceptable to the ex
pansionists.
But of these your space will not allow
me to sp)eak at present. Civis.
As soon as you discover any falling
of thbe hair or gray ness always u~se Hall's
Hair Renewer to tone up the secretions
ndre vent baldinesor graynes~~
ARP'S LETTER.
The Philosopher's Advice to Those Con
templating Marriage--The Young
Wife's Standard of Living
Should be Taken Into
Consideration.
[From the Atlanta Constitution.]
I am going to build a pigeon house.
It. .eeims to be a long-felt want. A
squab fell down from the coping of the
rhimnuey yesterday, and Mrs. Arp had
it cooked for the little orphan and I
beard her telling the children how her
pa had a great, big pigeon house and
hundreds of pigeon, and they had great
dishes of squabs to eat all the year
round, and how nice old Aunt Peggy
could cook them, and they were better
than chickens or partridges, oranything
else. Every once in a while she dis
courses these children on thejoys and
luxuries of her childhood. She tells
them about the fish-pond and the deer
park, and the bucks and does and
fawns, and how she petted one and it
would come at her call and eat from
her hand, and how they had venison
whenever they wanted it, and old
Aunt Peggy couid beat anybody cook
iug venison. And how they milked
eight cows, and Aunt Sally made great
churn's full of butter and how they
killed about a hundred fat hogs every
winter and what a big time ;it was
drying up the lard and making saus
ages and smoking hams and shoulders,
and middlings in the high topped
smokehouse. And about the big potato
patch where they snade enough pota
toes for the white folks and a hundied
negroes besides, and her pa kept them
sound and s ;et in the banks until
potatoes came again. And she tells
about the big plantation on the Chatta
hoochee and the ferryboat, and the
fish traps and the bluffs all covered
with laurel, and the big gin house, and
ho sv she used to ride around on the
long beams and pop the whip at the
horses as they -went round and round
under the cogwheels, and how little
Ben fed the gin and big Ben packed
the cotton, and old Uncle Jack wore
number fourteen shoes and his feet
spraddled out nearly straight and made
a path a yard wide when he walked
through the field, and so he wasn't
allowed to hoe corn but was kept at the
ferry or in the blacksmith shop on the
river bank. And how she learned to
spin and to weave and wore home-made
linsey woolsey dresses, and could plait
a shirt bosom or tuck a dress before she
was twelve years old, and, last of all,
how she would .have been somebody
if I had given . her time, but I married
her when she was nothing but a child
and she hasen't had any times since to
learn anything or do anything but
nurse children and work for them.
Good gracious-when she dilates and
narrates and expectorates upon the
halcyon days of her girlhood, I have
to take a back seat while the children
draw near and listen and wonder and
admire, and I feel like I am nobody
much and may be Idid wrong in invad
ing her household and carrying off its
queen. But I have done my best-yes,
I have done my best, I have fought a
good fight and kept the faith and tried
to keep her up to her raising and she
might have waited longer and done
wvorse. But I am going to build her a
p)igeon house and let her feast her me
nmories in watching the beautiful birds
as they gracefully sail around in flocks
and she shall feed her children on
squabs to her heart's content. I bought
her a fawn once but he grew up to
buckhood and had horns and liked to
have killed one of the children, and so
I killed him and that let me out of the
deer business. I had some big-foot
negroes too, and several cows and used
to have right smart bog kiilings, and I
made her a fish pond and raised tur
keys and pea fowls, and kept her fresh
and green in the memories of her
youth, but I never did have a great
big pigeon house. I'll show her child
ren that I'm somebody too, even if I
diden't have much to start on except
form and feature and wore good ciothes
and ten dollar boots, and carried of the
prize at the school examinations. One
of her boys was fixing for a party the
other night and it took him half an
hour and two looking glasses to array
himself in his swallow-tail coat and
double-breasted cravat and rainbow
surcingle and patent leather shoes and
derby hat and a chemisette for a shirt
bosom. and when he presented himself
his mother exclaimed: "Well, well!
you are just your p)a over and over
again, Hie wvas the dressiest and the
handsomest young man you ever saw
and you get it all from him."
When a young man begins to look
round and hanker after a wife he had
better consider wvhether he can keep
her up to her raising or not. If he
thinks hie can then he is safe to invite
her to put her clothes in his chest but
if she is rich and he is "only tolerable,
I thank you," he had better be careful
and go slow, for riches take wings and
fly away, and if he can't keep up the
old standard its a reflection on his
capacity. A good, sensible wife won't
say anything on that line, but most
every woman has an idea that if she
was a man she would make life a suc
cess and so, if her husband proves a
failure she don't strain her eyes in
looking up to him. It's all right at our
house except the pigeon house and the
squabs, and I'll catch up with that.
In fact, I'm ahead of the music in a
good many things considering the war
and raising tenm children and keeping
them in good clothes and healthy vit
tels. I have done pretty well and she
knows it. IffI am not rich I am not
indecently poor and a few more years
will close out the partnership and the
battle of life be over.
In t he n1lfceaG
married for love they bunched every
thng they had and got in one boat and
sailed down the stream together, but
now-a-days it is not uncommon to hear
a married woman talk about her house
and her farm, and her crop, and her
bank account. It is all well enough
for a woman to keep what she inherits,
but I wouldn't play second fiddle to no
woman upon earth if she ever said
"this is mine" to me. It dwarfs a man
in the estimation of his children for
their mother to have the biggest pile.
Pa is of no consequence if ma has got
the money. I have known boys to
grow up and sue for property their
parents sold to raise them on, just be
cause there was a flaw in the papers.
They had no respect for their father.
The property came in between them
and him and tb y dishonored him and
b:-ought disgrace upon themselves. I
have seen rich men made richer and
their victims bankrupted by these in
tamous suits and I have my doubts
whether it benefits the State or its citi
zens for anybody to own anything in
town. Legal theft is as dishonorable
as illegal theft. It is a sort of larceny
after trust and those who are guilty of
it leave a legacy to their children, a
legacy of property acquired through a
parent's infamy. Children should be
raised to believe that their father is
their best friend and the best man in
the world so far as they are concerned.
This is the true parental relation and if
one of mine should seek to undo any
thing that I have done in r, gard to
property I would hide my head in
shame that such a child was ever born
to me. "Children obey your parents,
for this is right." "Honor thy father
and thy mother," saith the Scripture.
One day a father and his child were
riding In a wagon when the horse ran
away and overturned the wagon just
as he got loose from the harness. The
father was thrown into a ditch but the
little girl was found safe and sound
under the wagon body. She smiled as
they took her out and said, "I knew
my pa wouden't let me get hurt." That
is the faith, the trust, the love that a
child should have in the parent. The
expectation of getting property when
the old man dies is a drawback upon
the child's affection. It is an insidious,
poisonous temptation and too frequent
ly paralyses filial love and respect. And
so the law of compensation comes in
and bless the poor man in the loving
devotion of his children. If all that
he has to give them comes from his
daily labor, his sweat and his toil, they
have more hope in his life than in his
death, and nature fills their heart swith
love for him. It is an Arabian proverb
that "The heritage of the poor is the
love of their children." Then let no
man envy the rich for they are in peril,
but rather JM us be content to breathe
the prayer of Azar, the prophet, and
say, "Give me neither poverty nor
riches." BILL ARP.
MIS DREXEL'S RETIREWENT.
Her Final Religious Vows to be Taken on
Feb. 12-Her Income 350,00,000 a
Year. -
PHILADELPHIA, Feb. J.--Miss Ca
tharine M. Drexel, daughter of the late
F. A. Drexel, who has been at the Con
vent of the Sisters of Mercy in Pitts
burgh for about a year and a half, will
make her profession on Thursday, Feb.
12, at the house of the order in Pitts
burgh. This step, while not absolutely
final, is regarded as decisive of Miss
Drexel's intentions. Her retirement to
the convent at first was in the nature
of a trial. She has been very happy
with the regular routine of charitable
deeds and its offices of prayer, and even
her friends have no doubt that the
ceremonial of Feb. 12 will mark her
retirement from the world for the re
mainder of her life. Only relatives and.
a few intimate friends will be present
at the ceremony.
Miss Drexel's object in taking the
religious vows of an order which she is
to found, is to establish means of educa
tional and religious work among the
Indians and colored people, and she pro
poses to devote her income, known to be
much more than $400,000 a year, to the
work of her order. One of the execu
tors of the Drexel estate says that, as
Superior of of the new order, Miss
Drexel will retain personal control of
her fortune. The estate of the late F.
A. Drexel was left in trust for his
daughter during life. Her income, it is
said, has not been allowed to accu mu
late, all three sisters having long pur
sued the course of giving large sums in
aid of various enterprises of the Roman
Catholic Church.
During the year and a half of her
novitiate Miss Drexel has worn the
garb of the Sisters of Mercy and shared
their work. She has in that time paid
several visits to this city, stopping at
the convent of the order at Broad street
and Columbia avenue instead of at the
family residence. During each stay here
she has:received a number of her friends,
looking paler, with her features some
what worn by the ascetic life of the
order, but bright and cheerful, convers
ing with her wonted cordiality and
simplicity of manner, During all the
time that Miss Drexel has been a no
vice and privileged to turn back from
her religious life, many who know her
have thought that she might decide
not to take the final step, but that
expectation is now abandoned.
If you suffer pricking pains on mov
ing the eyes, or cannot bear bright
light, and find your sight weak and
failing, you should promptly use Dr. J.
H. McLean's Strengthing Eye Salve.
25 cents a box.
For weak back, chest pains, use Dr.
4. H. McLean's Wonderful Healing
THE PERFECT POLITICAL CHIEFTAIN
The Matchless Services of Arthur P. Gor
man for Triumphant Democracy.
[From the Atlanta Constitution.J
A former resident of Baltimore, whc
is now an Atlanta citizen, gave me
interesting points about Gorman yes
terday.
"I will make a prediction," said the
speaker, "to this effect: That inside of
three years the foremost man of this
country will be Arthur P. Gorman of
Maryland. He was formally declared
the leader of the Democratic side of
the Senate, and they gave way to hli
magnificent executive ability as if by
tacit and common consent. They obey
his orders without a question. Why,
the manner in which he has piloted
the party to a grand victory, and has
saved the whole country from a great
disaster in this last fight on the infa.
mous Force bill, demonstrates that the
party has at last got a man before
whom Dudley and Quay and Ingalls
are as children to a giant. And the
best of it is that his methods are always
pure and clean. Another man would
have allowed hot-blooded partisan
speeches to be made, and thus forced
the Republicans to be a unit, and have
given them a good reason for passing
the measure and have awakened pub
lic sentiment at the North in their
favor. Gorman strictly forbade a sin
gle reply on that line to all of the
taunts of Hoar and Aldrich et al. The
consequence was that the Republicans
were divided and Gorman scored the
greatest victory of his life.
"I do not know," he continued,
"that he will ever be President, but
this I do know, that there will never
be another Republican President while
Gorman is at the head of the Demo
cratic party. He stands to-day in
learning, in eloquence, in statesman
ship, and in marvelous genius without
a peer, and is to-day the greateststates
man living, in my humble opinion.
His fame has only just begun to spread
outside of Maryland, but longyuars ago
in Baltimore we always knew we were
safe when Arthur P. Gorman took the
helm and guided the party's ship
through the troublous waters of battle
safe into the peaceful haven of victory.
It can be said of him that he never for
got a friend, never failed to punish a
foe, never forgave a blunder, never
made a mistake, and always won what
ever he undertook to win. Calm, stern,
kindly, implacable at times and gene
rous in word and act where generosity
was deserved, he is at once the biggest
brained, broadest-minded, and best
equipped man in public life. And yet
he has barely turned his fiftieth year.
My advice to you if you wish to win
money is to always bet on the party
that is guided by Arthur P. Gorman of
Maryland, for he is a second Napoleon,
and the coming man in America."
An Essay on Man.
[From the Wichita County Democrat.]
Man that is born of woman is small
potatoes and few in a hill. He rises
up to-day and flourishes like a rag
weed, and to-morrow, or the next day,
the undertaker hath him. He goeth
forth in the morning warbling like a
lark, and is knockd out in one round
and two seconds.
In the midst of life he is in debt,
and the tax collector pursues him
wherever he goeth. The banister of
life is full of splinters, and he slideth
down with considerable rapidity. He
walketh forth in the bright sunlight to
absorb ozone and meeteth the wheel
barrow in his path. It riseth up and
smiteth him to the earth, and falleth
upon him, and runneth one off its legs
into his ear.
In the gentle spring time he putteth
on his summer clothes, and a blizzard
striketh him far from home and filleth
him with cuss words and rheumatism.
In the winter he putteth on winter and
a wasp that abideth excitement. He
starteth down into the cellar with an
oleander and goeth backward, and the
oleander cometh after and sitteth upon
him.
He buyeth a watch dog and when
he cometh home from the lodge watch
dog treeth him, and sitteth near him
unil rosy morn. He goeth to the horse
trot and betteth his money on the
brown mare, and the pay gelding with
a blaze face winneth.
He imarrieth a red-headed heiress
with a wart on her nose, and the next
day the parent ancestors goeth under
with a fee, arrest, and great liabilities
and cometh home to live with his be
loved son-in-law.
For the restoration of faded and gray
hair to its original color and freshness,
Ayer's Nair Vigor remains unrivaled.
This is the most popular and valuable
toilet preparation in the world; all who
use it are periectly satisfied that it is
the best.
To allay pains. subdue inflammation,
heal foul sores and ulcers the most
prompt and satisfactory results are ob
ained by using that old reliable reme
dy, Dr. J. H. McLean's Volcanic Oil
Liniment.
You cannot accomplish any wGrk or
business unless you feel well. L'you
feel used up-tired out- taae Dr. J. H.
McLean's Sarsaparilla. It will give you
health, strength and vitality.
Little Boy (in crowded street car to
pretty little girl), "PIll give you my seat
if you'll take it.
Little Girl (whispering), "IPm ever
so much obliged, but you shouldn't
offer your seat- until you are ready to
get off, 'cause people will th-ink you are
from the country."
Mr. Randall Pope, the retired drug
gist of Madison, Fla., says (Dec. 3, 1889)
he regards P. P. P. (Prickly Ash Poke
Root and Potassium) as the best altera.
tive on the market, and that he ha
seen more beneficial results from th
use of it than any other blood medicine.
THE REV. SAM JONES IN A FIGHT.
He Telegraphs That He Has Beaten a Mayoi
Who Started Out to Cane Him.
ATLANTA, February 3.-The follow
ing telegram was received hare to-day
from the Rev. Sam Jones, the Georgia
evangelist,wbo is in Oakwoods, Texas:
"The one-gallus Mayor of Palestine,
Texas, tried to cane your uncle Jones
this morning at the depot. I wrenched
the cane from him and wore him out.
I am a little disfigured, but still in the
ring. I criticised his official career last
November. It needed criticising."
DETAILS OF THE AFFAIR.
PALESTINE, TEx., Februry 3.-At a
series of meetings held here in No
vember last the Rev. Sam Jones, of
Cartersville, Ga., excited much com
ment and enthusiasm, both for the
large number of conversions he effected
for various religious denominations and
for the vigorous manner in which he
assailed sinners in general and several
individuals in particular.
Among the latter who were sharply
rebuked by the Evangelist was Mayor
J. J. .Ward, to whose official and pri
vate character he alluded in the severest
and most pointed terms. The mayor
was absent from the city at the time
and the announcement that the well
known evangelist would be here again
to deliver his lecture, "Get there,"
caused much excitement and there was
a rush for seats.
Jones arrived on Receiver Bonner's
special car at 8 o'clock last night and
the lecture was delivered before a large
audience in the Opera House.
At the station this morning, just be
fore the evangelist took the train for
the West, Mayor Ward was seen ap
proaching. Uttering a few words the
mayor then vigorously attacked Jones
with a cane. In the struggle the cane
changed hands and the mayor received
several blows. Before the by-standers
could part the angry combatants heavy
bruises were inflicted and both bled
profusely. In a a few minutes the train
pulled out of the station with Sam
Yones on board.
Mayor Ward was subsequertly ar
rested and placed under bonds for ag
gravated assault and for carrying a
pistol. The mayor avows his right to
carry weapons and declares he had no
intention of carrying his resentment
further than caning Jones.
WHAT THE MAYOR SAYS.
ST. LouIs, Feb 6.-Mayor J. J.Ward
of Palestine, Texas, to-day comes out
with a card in which he says the trou
ble between Rev. Sam. Jones and him
self was on account of a personal mat
ter and not because the evangelist
criticised his official action. The Mayor
says: "While Jones was here he took
it upon himself to refer in the most
insulting language to my private life
and habits before my wife and chil
dren, hence my attack upon him. As
for my official conduct that is open to
the scrutiny of right-minded men."
THE CALF CAsE.
A Western Lawsuit that Goes Merrily On.
[From the St. Louis Republic.]
DEs MOINES, January 28.-The Iowa
Supreme Court has finally affirmed the
decision of the lower court in the cele
brated case of Johnson against Miller
et al., better known as "the Jones
County calf case." The verdict of the
lower court was for the plaintiff in the
sum of $1,000.
The last jury returned a verdict
and also answered a number of special
interrogatories, and the case went to
the Supreme Court on the ground that
the ans*wers and the special interogato
ries did not warrant the verdict. The
case has been in the courts about
twenty years and has been tried sev
eral times in the lower- courts and has
taken several trips to the Supreme
Court. It has bankrupted everybody
connected with it except the attorneys.
The calves over which this litigation
grew were originally worth $45, and up
to this time the costs of the case have
grown to between $15,000 and $20,000,
in addition to the verdict' of $1,000.
One of Pennsylvania's Rural statesmen.
HARRISBURG, Jan. 24.-We have a
few rural members here who can
scarcely take care of themselves, Iet
alone looking after the interests of their
constituents. Only yesterday a gen
tleman from one of our neighbor
counties who had just gotten his order
for stamps went to the city Post Office
to get them.
"What denomination ?" inquired the
clerk.
"Lutheran,'' said the member mod
estly.
For rheumatic and neuralgic pains
bring Dr. J. Bi. McLean's Volcanic
2 il Liniment, and take Dr. J. H. Mc
Lean's Sarsaparilla. You will not suffer
long, will be gained with a speedy and
effectve cure.
Frequently accidents occur in the
house-hold which cause burns, cuts,
sprains and bruises; for use in such
cases Dr. J. H. McLean's Volcanic Oil
Liniment has for many years been the
constant favorite family remedy.
Eczema, scalp covered with eruptions
doctors proven valueless. P. P. P. was,
tried and the hair began to grow again,
not a pimple can be seen, and P. P. P.
Iagain proved itself a wonderful skin
cure.
If you have a paintui sense or rauigue,
find your duties irksome, take Dr. J.
H. McLean's Sarsaparilia. It will
brace you up, make you strong and
vigorous.
If you suffer from any~afNftE
caused by impure blood, sueh as scrof
ula, salt rheum, sores, boils, pimples
tetter,sringworm, take Dr. J. H. Mc
Tan'da Rasrilla.
A Question of Cooks.
[Greenville News.]
It is safe to say that in any gathering
of three or more women of the fair cir
cumstances ranging from fairly good to
affluent anywhere in this country the
talk among them will drift, no matter
where it starts, within forty minutes of
conversation to the servant question.
It is an old social joke now that the
servant question has fairly supplanted
the weather as a stock subject of con
versation, but the question's conversa
tional value goes beyond that. , The
weather is utilized only when other
things have failed. It opens up dis
course as the preliminary sparring and
feinting begins a set fight or as the
overture precedes the rising of the cur
tains; or else it is desperately seized
upon when the people present have
persistenly failed to get together, and
when after a series of fitful breezes,
brief freezes and temporary thaws a
dreadful dead calm has set in and some
thing has to be done to maintain at
least an appearance of action. The ser
vant question, however, is not a make
shift. It has become a necessity. It
lures the feminine thought and con
verse as the maelstrom draws the skiff
or the magnet attracks the needle. It
is not a refuge from silence, but an in
evitable result of the interchanges of
the experiences, observations, hopes,
ideas and thoughts of womankind.
Women who employ servants discuss
them with moaning and bitterness and
recitations of unhappy experiences and
perpetual wishes to be deliyered from
the bondage of them, while those who
are too poor or too thrifty to hire any
envy the supposed happiness and ease
of those who are plagued by a dozen.
So goes the world. Nobody is satisfied.
Millions of dollars and elevation of
social and official position do not seem
to give relief from the servitude to ser
vitors. The Northern newspapers have
followed the women in invariable and
protracted consideration of the matter
and are filled with doleful evidences
that there is no hope for improvement.
Mrs. Senators Sherman, Stewart and
Standford, &ch of whom is equipped
with a millionaire husband, echo the
complaints and lamentations of the
great dames of Murray Hill whose
wealth can command everything in the
world but satisfactory service from their
hirelings. Mrs. Sherman had twenty
years of comparative happiness in the
possession of an old black family cook
secured from a Virginia family just
after the war, but since the 'retirement
of that inestimable blessing from active
service, has been in a condition of do
mestic anarchy very little better and in
some respects a good deal worse than
that of the. ordinary housewife who
struggles year in and out with relays,
substitutions and experiments in cook
and combined nurse and housemaids.
Mrs. Stanford Imperils the political
prospects of her husband by confessing
to a Chinese cook. No doubt the aver
age man would surrender honors or
possessions or anything short of his
everlasting salvation to secure peace in
his kitchen. In the matter of house
maids, maids, coachmen, butlers, scull
ions, grooms, waiters and footmen, the
California Senator is as seriously in
volved as his neighbors. The investi
gation develops the fact that even Gen
eral Grant, during his occupancy of the
White House, while he was dictator of
a great party, commander in chief of
the army and navy of the world's
greatest country and master of legisla
tion was bewildered and baffled by the
complicated deviltries of his "help"
and found it an unceasing burden up~on
his soul. The Hayes family while it
was the chief one in the land was re
duced to the humiliating necessity of
having the duties of the President's
valet and Mrs. Pres:dent's maid per
formed by one person of African de
scent and masculine gender, finding it
impossible to secure by love or money
or influence a female of any color or
age who could simultaneously refrain
from picking and stealing, from "sass
ing" her alleged mistress and from
neglecting her supposed work.
"Exaggerated independence" the la
dies who seem to have thought and ex
perienced most severely in the matter
say is the trouble. There is a prejudice
among the American people of all
classes against servile work. The men
prefer to earn their living by doing
harder work for less wages outside of
domestic employment and liveries and
have the same preferences for their
wives and daughters. Experiments
have been tried over and over again by
importing families and colonies of
English, German, Irish and Swiss
people for use as servants, but they
have always brought up their children
for other occupations and declined to
allow them t o go "in service" on any
terms. The result is that, as a rule,
the kind of people who can be hired as
domestics is the kind that nobody
wants-the kind without ambition or
character or industry ; and where, here
and there, a good servant is secured he
or she is held on to as worth nearly
full weight in gold and kept out of thE
market place of the intelligence office.
In fact, good servants who are honest,
efficient, faithful and sober are so rare
that when found they are likely to be
petted and indulged to the spoiling
point and by force of competition for
their services developed into insurbor
nation and neglect.
The matter is a serious one in many
respects, with all the fun the newspa
pers and even the victims themselvei
make of it, and from the present out
look it Is likely to become worse,
from the employere' standpoint.
Mention of economy of any va
.riety in connection with the ser
jvant question may be inappropriate,
but as a matter of political economy the
situation is encouraging. A servile
class is a convenience for housekeepers
and people in good circumstances, but :
it is a bad thing for a country ; and
conversi of that proposition-that the
absence of a servile class is a good
thing-is likewise true. Wealth is in
creasing and the demand for domestic
servants increases with it; while the
supply of such servants diminishes
with the increasing opportunities for
the use of labor, timeand skill in other
directions, with the increase of educa
tion among the masses of the people
and with the continuance and devel
opment of the American spirit of liber
ty of action and independence that re
volts against servitude and the kind of
personal service to which instinct more
than reason attaches degradation. The -.
same causes operate, but in less degree,
among the colored people in the South.
Good servants become scarcer every
year. In the country few families,
however wealthy, pretend to have
more than one servant because most f
the negroes are farming for themselves
or raising families of their own, and it
is nearly as bad (or good) in the cities
The women of the better and more in-.
telligent class marry and the ien go,
into the shops or mechanical employ
ments or the hotels as waiters ; and, as
a rule, it is only the ignorant, the C,
stupid or the shiftless who care to }
"hire out" ; and, as at the North, even -
they soon learn their own value, un
derstand that they can secure work
with recommendation or without it.,:
and do not trouble themselves to please
their employers.
We do not know, as a practical pro
position, but that the country would
be a good deal better if each family was
compelled to do all its own domestic
work. The idea is not entirely pleasant
to any of us. There would be less ease
and leisure and less opportunity for
pleasure than there now is. It is not
unlikely, however, that there would be
more real comfort and satisfaction all
around than we now enjoy. Domestic
matters would be more simplfied and.
regulated. A great deal of waste would- t
be avoided, along with no end of worry.
And if electricity comes in, as it most
likely will,'to make the cooking of
meals and the lighting and heating of
houses a matter of seconds withoutdust"
or dirt, wood cutting, coal carrying or ;
any more heat than is exactly neces
sary; and if the same agent, of exhaust-.
less resources, performs the many othe ,
wonders of which it seems capablei< .
the way of carrying messages, opening
doors and multitudinous household-.
services, it may be that the domestic'
servant may be numbered with other:
extinct species and relics of barbarism '
without being at all missed.
gos
SKIN GRAFTING LN NEW YORK.
Replacing the Scalp Tor From Xrs. Her
man Wilck's Head a Xonth Ago.
[New York Sun.]
The most extensive skin grafting
operation that ever took place in Berle- ~
vue Hospital is now being performed
there upon Mrs. Herman Wilek, whosze
husband has alaundry at Twenty-third -
street and First avenue.
Mrs. Wilek's hair became entangled
in one of the swiftly rolling pieces of
machinery on December 26, and her
scalp was taken off. The left ear and
right eyebrow went with the scalp, and
the wound extended far down into the
neck.
Mrs. Wilck has been a patient in
Bellevue ever since the accident, and
last Wednesday the first attempt to
graft skin upon her head was made. If
the process is successful, and Dr. Zerega
thinks it will be, Mrs. Wilcks will soon
be able to leave the hospital.
Of course, her head will be as bald
as an ivory billiard ball, but that willH
be far better than having no scalp at
alL Since Mrs. Wilek has been in the
hospital her health and appetite have '
been remarkably good.
The strips of skin with which Mrs.~
Wilck's head is being covered are sup
plied from the thighis of Delia Ryan,
one of the girls employed in Herman -
Wilck's laundry. The strips are very
thin, from one to eight inches in
length, and are put on in small pieces.
Then they are held down securely by
rubber tissue and bandages.
The skin is cut off by a sharp, wide .
razor, and while undergoieg the opera
tion anestheties are given to the
patient. It may be several weeks be
fore the second and final graft is made.
P. P. P. cures Serofula, Salt Rheum
and all humors, Dyspepsia, Sick Hea d
ache, Billousness. It cures that tired
feeling, creates an appetite, strengthensa
the nerves and builds up thewhe
system. P. P. P. is unrivaled, and since '
its introduction has cured more cases
of blood disease than all the other blood
.purifiers put ~together.
P. P. P. stimulates the appetite and
aids the process of assimilation, cures
nervous troubles and invigorates and
strengthens every organ of the body.
Nervous prostration is also cured by
the great and powerful P. P. P. its -
effects are permanent and lasting.
That sour-tempered, cross, dyepi
individuals, should take Dr. J. H. c- ~.
Lean's Sarsaparilla! It will make him
feel as well and hearty as the healthiest
of us. He needs bracing up, vitalizing,
that is all.
0 for a lodge ln some vast wilderness, $
where nothing is "owing to the inelem
ency of the weather," and the "youth -:
and beauty" of every gthering~isM
old and ugly as.thegpramnds
toxation of the Sytel ~wulb
the powerfu . P. P-, wffieh.ve
hih and nmnth tothwrc