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ssss^n^^ ss ss i "^ylllSi BY FRAN'CI8 LIV1NGST0N' II 9z u^^^?ta ff/V aM ciii'YiuouT, um, ww V?*^*-^ J#i/f UY FUANUIA 1.1 v INOSTON. w ss ss ss ss srss ssssssssssssssss ??n AWRENCE, dcnr, have you finished? May I come In?" The young man at Hie tahlo - uu ted slightly and laid down als pen, yet he hail not been writing, for the paper before blni was untouched, a bright ismiio overspread his handsome fuee us lie looked toward tin- fair head source seen through the partly opened door. "Come In. surely, Holen, darling. I shall not write at nil." He spoke In a full, rich voice, with just a suspicion of u brogue. "Of what use Is It to make imy memoranda? I'll just speak to the boys out of my heart." The young wife sat ou a low stool at her husband's side and leaned her head against his arm. "You were thinking, though, for you ?jumped when I spoke to you. (Jo on now and think, and 1 will tie still as a mouse." "Yes; 1 was thinking," echoed the young man seriously. He put his arm about his wife's shoul der, and there was silence between them for n space. It was a great day In the life of Law rence O'llara. lie had received, a few hours earlier, the news that he had been nominated by his party for con gress. This nomination was, in his congress district, equivalent to an elec tion, lie was 28 years old and had been in America ten years. The first two were years of hard toll, but after that fortune hud smiled upon him con tinuously. He entered politics and hud been successful from the start. He had married early a beautiful girl who brought him wealth beyond that con tained in a heart full of love and ndml ratlo and O'llara was regarded as a man v.ho had arrived. While waiting the coming of a dele gation of his fellow townsmen with their congratulations he had been thinking of the past. Hack beyond those lirst years in America his mind hud gone <.o the days when he wander ed a barefoot, rugged lad over the turf of County -Mayo. Those were days of poverty, which was often bitter, and Ignorance which now seemed to Lu\?" rence ulmost Incredible. There was one dark period of three months?his last In Ireland?which he never could recall without burning cheeks and .which came to his memory now only ftt rare Intervals. The shame of it might havo ruined his life, but Instead 'of that It had driven him out of the night o.f Ignorance Into the sunlight ?f knowledge and endeavor. I It was upon this dark period that his mind was dwelling when his wife star tled him by her call. Just now she moved her lips nearer his ear and murmured softly: "Law rence, how proud I utn of you and how happy 1 ami Are wo not perfectly happy now, dearest?" "Hush, hush, Helen," said O'nara, glancing quickly over his shoulder, tho BIS ArrKAHANGE WAS ORRKTKD WITH PBO LONOBD CIiKKI.INO. told, Inborn superstition of his race as sorting Itself for a moment?"never confess that, girl?never eny 'I am per fectly l??ppy'?that la a pinnaclo from .which one can go no higher; the next step must he downward." . Even aa ho spoko a shiver passed bver him. Helen laughed, and hor band touched his dark curls caressing ly. i "Very vrell, then. I am not happy. I am a very miserable woman with a naughty, had husband. Does that sat isfy your* The boll rang and a voico In the lower hall asked for Mr. O'llara. Helen kissed her husband and ran from the room. A few moments later a heavy step was heard on the stair and a dork f ?uro appeared In tho door way. 1 Lawrence took a step forward and ?.hen paused, his face white as the blank paper upon the table. "I was so sure of my welcome that I came right up, ye see." The voice [was raucous and tho tone sneering, v "Well, Larry O'llara, ye've pros pared mightily Indade, and I seem to have arrived at a good time, for they tall me ye've Just been nomlnayted tor high office." U The guest seated himself unbidden. "Have ye nothing to s.iy to an ouid frl'nd after all these year.i of separay tlon?" "I hopo you have prospered too, Miles Oallan." Lawrence's voice sounded strange and far away, llko the voico of ono Who speaka iu a trauce. "Prospered; yes, I look It, don't I?" ?aid the other, with a bitter laugh and a glance dowuward at his broken hoots and faded clothing. "It Is lust a week since I left BlfickweU's Island. I land ed there tho day after I struck New York, six mouths ago. But that's noth ing new for me." Lawrence still stooil motionless. Ho seemed paralysed with horror. "But ye haven't much to say to mo, ! Larry; perhaps yo'll have more when i ye lenrn what I've come for." "1 cannot hope It Is for any honest rcosou, Miles Callan; 1 ho\o known only evil from your hands In the past." "And now yo re going to return good for It, according to the way of the righteous, and I'll see to It that ye do." Lawrence did not hear the sneer. Ills thoughts were far away In Ireland. [ It was a moonlit summer night and four young men were returning to their miserable home from u meeting of Striking linen workers. Ah they pass ed through the deserted village streets the eldest of them, who had been lu VClghlug loudly against the landlords and all who owned property, stopped and whispered something about a linen merchant whose store he pointed out. The older lads were Inflamed by pas sion and drink, and Lawrence, the youngest, who had had his share of the 'liquor, went with the rest. Only half comprehending what was Intend ed, he did as the leader bade and stationed himself at the door to watch while the others went lu through a rear window. Tho merchant happen ed to be sleeping In his shop that night. He gave an .alarm and the housebreak ers were caught. Larry pleaded guilty and was sentenced to three months iu jail. It was this disgrace which drove him In shame and horror from his native hind. Miles Callan, the leader of that shab by little band of culprits, sat before him. "Had ye only robbed a bank, now, O'llara, or made 'way wld big trust funds it would have a lino sound and might be overlooked, but a linen dra per's till?'Larry the Till Tapper'? 'twould look ill In tho country pupers, wouldn't It, lad?" "Hush, oh, hush!" groaned Lawrence, looking iowurd the door. "Aye, I've heard of her, too, and 'tis no? likely yo'll have told her o* It nor that yo'll be doing it soon." lie held out a grimy piece of paper. "There's an attested copy of an en try in the Jail warden's hook at Oross tnollua: 'Lawrence o'llura, lurceuy; en tered June 13, discharged Sept. 13, 1885.' Its price Is $500. Take it If ye wish. If not, yer opponent will be glad to buy it." There was one swift passing mo ment of temptation. Lawrence had not an enemy in the town or district, hut he knew too well the cruel emergencies which politics give rise to. His oppo nent could not afford to Ignore that pa per, it would give ldui tho election. Then he spoke. "Miles Callan, had you come here as an old acquaintance In need for all tho debt of bitterness I owe you I'd have helped you gladly. ' But when you come avowing black mall not one cent will you wring from me." From ufar came fulutly the sound of a strange commingling of shouting, singing, the beating of drums and the tooting of horns. An hour ago It would have been tho Bweetest music In the ears of O'llara. Now it sounded his doom. Miles Callan sat watching Lawrence, a mulignant grin upon his face. "Do you hour that'/" said the younger man. "That is my friends coming to rejoice with me. Now see, Miles Cal lan, what a man dnro do. I've lived tills thing down once. Please Qod I'll do it again!" i Going to the door, he called, "Helenl" When she came, ho put his arm about her. "Dear," he said gently, "a great trouble has come upon me. Aro you strong to help me beur It? Look at that man. Do you remember my chid ing you tonight, Helen, for proclaiming our happiness? Oh, girl, how true It is that tho consequences of n sin can nev er be foreseen and that thoy may pur sue us to the grave! I made a misstep once, Helen. It was in tho faroff days In the old country, and, though I thought I had atoned by years of bit ter suffering, my sin has como home to me In the hour of my triumph, borno by the very hand which led me Into temptation." The sound of the trumpets and the shouting wero louder now. Tho ad vanco guard was alrondy In front of tho house. Helen, who had listened with face growing paler, now threw ber armt> around her husband's neck. "Lawrence, Lawrence," sho crlod, "you know I trust In you and bellevo In you with nil my soul. Who dares say that my noble husband has ever done an Ignoble thing?" "Ho himself; it is he who dnres, not that wretch there!" cried tho young man oxultingly. "Ctrl, 1 will never go to Washington, but yo'll have no cause to blush for mo this night." In his ex citement his tongue proclaimed in rich er accent tho hind of bis birth. "Listen while I tell them, and yo shall know everything." Hundreds of voices wcro now shout ing his name lu front of tho house. Unclasping his wife's arms from his neck Lawrence leaped upon tho bal cony. "My friends," ho cried, but ho got no further. His appearance was greeted with prolonged cheering. Helen, half fainting, leaned heavily upon tho table nud now looked with dilated eyes upon the dark, heavy fig ure In tho corner. Callan had risen from his chair and Btooil regarding tho beautiful young woman with shamefaced embarrass meut. "My friends," continued Lawrence, "l thank you for your greeting. The honor which has come to nie 1 cannot accept. Not that I do not desire It uiost heartily to pretend otherwise would he to deceive you. lteeuu.se you are my friends you shall know the true reason. 1 am not lit to represent you in congress" He was Interrupted again, this time by loud cries of indig nation and disapproval. Before they had died away Helen spoke. She was looking at Callan with uu expression of Intense loathing. "Until tonight," she suhl lu a low, vibrant voice, "1 thought that In all "TAKE OFF THE CORSE, SWEET LADY." God's creatures, however low they had fallen, some germ of good remained. 1 did not believe that anything so utter ly vile as you could live. Co from this home, which you have dishonored by your presence." She raised her open hand and turned away her head. "May God"? "No, no," cried Callan in terror, "do not CUl'SO ine?not that, not that!" Again Lawrence's voice arose: "My friends, you know what my life has been among you, but before that was a life less favored and far less happy. It is of that older time 1 would speak to you, and then you will understand." Callan sprang from his crouching po sition and in one hound was upon the balcony beside O'Hare. "Let a man who knows all about that ould life speak of It for him," he cried to the throng below. "Cur young fr'ind hero Is nervous and upset tonight be cause of an onexpected visit from a companion of thlm ould days. They were days when ho hadn't always Shoes to his feet and sometimes scarce a whole pair of trousers on his legs, and it's because of these days of pov erty und distress being so strongly re called to him by this foolish ould fr'ind that he thinks tonight he's not lit for this high station. Hut let ono who knew him then tell you that ho has nothing to blush for except Hint same poverty and the Ignorance which went with It, and both of thlm he's long since put behind him. There's no foiner young man In tho W?fiHil? tonight than Lawrence O'Haral" A loud outburst of cheers greeted this speech. Lawrence, who had stood by, too astonished to Interrupt, glanced backward through the window and, seeing Helen on the point of slipping from the chair Into which bho hud Blink, sprang to her aid. Callan had caught the fnucy of tho crowd and for the next few minutes kept them roaring with laughter as ho told anecdotes of his boyhood lu Cross inollna. Hack lu the room he knelt nt Helen's feet, his tattered cap lu his hands. "Tuke off the curse, sweet lady," he begged, "tuke off the curse and nlver more he saddened by the sight of Miles Callan." Helen looked at the cowering wretch, a beautiful smile upon her pule Hps. "Qod forbid that 1 should curse you," she said. "1 shall pray that he may forgive you, as 1 do." Callan bent his head low before her und. after one adoring look, rushed from the room. "Stay. Miles, stay; do not go yet," cried Lawrence He would have followed Callan, but Helen threw her arms about him. The people were calling loudly for him. "Your place Is with them," she said, urging her husband towurd the win dow. "Leave him to Cod." A Watchmaker. The lute Aaron Demilson was called "the father of American watchmak ing." He was interested in his work, because he hoped thereby to benefit his fellow man. Often ho worked late Into tho night, ho late that his loving wife would go and beg him to "wait until tomorrow." One night sho said to him: "Are you not going to bed nt all? What are you doing?" And ho turned and slowly answered, "I am trying to make It possible for every poor man to have a watch," a result which ho very neurly accom plished.?Youth's Companion. Southern Paatare Lande. There Is no reason why we should not much Improvo our permanent pas turo lands if wo would take tho trou ble to clean and protect them and havo 'them arranged so that ono part would rest and rccupcrato while another part Is being grazed. In other words, al ways havo a fresh piece of pasturo to be utilized by tho stock In order that tthero may be no "break" in their growth and development, an it is tho period when nourishment Is scarce and nnlraals have to waste so much of their energy In traversing a large area to ob tain a sufficiency that puts a check on their progress, which of necessity must be a loss to the owner. Tobaeee rorttn?rr?. Sulphate of ammonia and nitrate of soda are considered particularly valua ble In Maryland for uso on tho plant beds for growing strong and early plants. For this purnoso they are ap plied nt the rote of about 100 pounds per acre, sown broadcast over tho land, In which ease they are mixed with rock, plaster or dry earth In order to facilitate application. They aro also sometimes nppllcd In solution at the time of watering the plants, In which' eaRo they are added to tho water at tho rato of ono ounce of material for every four or five gallons of water. THIS U. S. POSTAL SERVICE. XIII?: GREATEST BUSINESS CON CHUN IN TIIH WOULD, A Summary of FaclH and Fig in 08 Show in;.; Womlerltll Perfect 1Oil ol' the System. BcientiHu American. Tno postal establishment of tho United States id tho greatest business concern In tho world, bundling more pieces of mull, and ctnploying more men und womon than any otliur gov ernment or corporation. Tiio immense Size of tho country, tho luck of ooncon trutiou of tiio inhabitants in a fow large cities, all help to make the Post Ollico t-orvloo of tho liret magnitude, uud, us u mutter of fact, only ono cor poration, u comhinution of railways, earns und disburses us much us tho l'ost Ollico Department. 1'robably no brunch of tho government sorvlce comes into us close contact with tho uverago citizen as tho Post Ollico. Tho postal servlco Is pro-emiueutly ono of dotuil, und it may, pcrhnps, be in teresting to tuko tho report of tho Postmaster-General und unuly/.o some of tho ligures. Somo uleu of the wonderful perfec tion und system which makes thu service possible may bo obtained whon It is stuted that a lettor can bo oent from Florida to tho Klondike, a dis tance of over 7,U?? miles for two cents, thirty days being consumed in its transmission. If it woro curried by courier tho tlmo would not bo lessened and tho cost would bo increased to something like $.{U0. It Is this ro uiarkablo cheapness which mukes tho service so Interesting, for, of courso, on this hypothetical trip of the letter, Its delivery in tho gold fields costs much more than was received for its transmission, but tho government mukes u hundtomo profit on much of tho first-cluss mattor ; enough, in fact, almost to make good tho deficit cuused by trunsporting inferior classes of mut ter. According to tho report of tho Second Assistant Postmuster-Uenerul for tho liscu! your onding June .10, 1899, th'jro were .'14 2t?S routes of domestic mail service In operation upon that date. Tne total length of these routes was 490,948 miles, or more than a round trip between tho earth and the moon. Tho number of miles traveled per annum la445,744,845 miles, or more than two round trips to tho sun. Tho annual rate of expenditure for too transportation of tho mall Is 953,070,413. The rate of cost per mile of length of tho route Is $10(1 SO. Tho rate of cost per mile traveled is 11.90 cents; the uverago number of trips per wejk Is 8.02. Toe inland servico cun be divided into ten olasses. By "slur route " is mount u route w hero the mcuus of trans portation is other than railway, stetiin boat, street car, or pneumatic tube. There aro 22 182 stur routes und their length is 2t>!i,4.')2 miles. Too unt.uul travel is Kt2 Ut>8,?U7 miles. Tho dull} travol for ilbf> duys is 301,830 inilos, or oeventocD times uround tno world. I is upon thu stur routes that much uf the romance oi tho Post oil loo Depart ment rests, and many of tho curriers havo performeu heroic deeds. Noxt comes tho railway Borviee, which amount.-* to 170,720 miles, divid ed among 2,(?17 routes. Tho annual rato of expenditure for currying the mails on tho railroads is $31,942,150. This docs not includo tho sulurios of 8 :tSS ruilwuy post ollico clerks, who ro coivo tho bum of $8,010,732. Tno un nual travei upon the railroads of *'JO, 7*2,270 miles. Dividing this total by tho number of duys wo obtain tho daily travel on rullroads, which amounts to 813,000 miles, or thirty-one trips ai'OJa'l the world. There wore hand led oj railway postal clerks during the yeur 1,118,422,840 pieces of tirst-clubs mutter, and 0,233,609,885 of till other classes of matter, mukiug u total of 13,351,992.725 pieces, which Includes 619,870,405 pieces of city muil sop.?rutcd in ruilwuy post offices. In addition there wuro handled by tho ruilwuy postul clerks 17,637,058 packages, oases and pouches of registered mail. With 1,312,388 errors mado by thuclerki In distributing tills mattor, there were over 11 .U?0 correctly forwarded pieces of mail to every e-ror made, constitut ing a remurkublo record. There were 799 casual I ties during the yoar to rail way postal employes, anil of this num ber t> woro killed atd 50 seriously in jurod. Tho number of routes of steamboat mail carriors is 178, and thu length Is 31,109 ii ih-v. Tbo annual travel amounts to 4,387,028 mllos and tho an nual rato of expenditure is $550,454 Tho street car servico amounts to 1 92(1 miles und includes 207 routes. Tho annual travel Is 4,978,130 miles und the rato of cxpoudituro is $275,448, Too pneumatic tube sorvico is only 805 mlicB iu length. Tho pneumatic tube service cost $222.200, and it is con lined to tho cities of Boston, Now York, Brooklyn and Philadelphia. Tho service has proved highly i llicient and had done away with many thousands of miles of wagon servico. Lotters for branch ollicos cun bo forwarded at once hy tho pneumatic tubo instead of being held, as formerly, for tho noxt reg ularly scheduled wagon or car trip. The labor of closing, recording, und verifying pouches is uleo done uwuy with. TlioroarobiV^ral minor means of transportation known as npoclal office routes, mall messengor routes and wagon routos in cities. Whilo somo of thorn aro very extonslvo thoy do not cull for special attention. The quobtion of weight naturally oc cupies tho second place in interest. He fore, discussing this, howovor, it is necessary to consider briefly tho var ious classes of postal mattor. " First class " mattor includes lotters, postal curds, and anything scaled or othor wl8Q closid against inspection. While tho weight of first-class mattor is not very great, at tho same timo it fur nishes tho greator portion of tho postal revenue. " Bocond-clivs" mattor In cludes all newspapers, periodicals, and all matter exclusively in print and re gularly Issued at Btatud intervale, as frequently as four tlmos a yoar. This forms tho hull: of all mail mattor carrlod and furnishes only a small por centagoof tho revenue. "Third-class" mattor includes prlntod books, pamph lets, circulars, etc., and dooa not form a vory largo portion of tho weight carried, although It furnlsbes almost twlco as much revonuo as enormously heavier n<. cond-class mattor. " Fourth class " mutter is all mallablo mattor not Included In tho procodlng classos, ombracing merchandise and samp'.os of all kinds. Tho weight of first-class mattor curried amounts to 128,517,0112 pounds. Tho postagu paid amounts to $65,087,7.12. Tho total n imber of letters and other pieces that aro sont at lettor rates la 2.917,000,000. In ad dition to this thoro woro 08,002,000 dead-bead and ' official business* " let ters sont through the mall as well as 678,084,000 postal cards, making tho total number of drat-class pieces of mall matter 3,588,720,000 pieces. There aro 9,804,729 pieces of Qrst-olnss mattor mailed dally. This would make a pile 39,210 foot high, or more than 7 rallee high, not allowing for tho compres sion caused by tho incumbent weight. In second-class matter the total num ber of pieces mailed amouuted to U, 17.1,715,<JUU. This is, howovor, only an estimate, though an olllclal esti mate ; it is, undoubtedly, very much larger. Tho total weight of matter paid at pound rates by publishers was .''.?2 70'J 220 pounds, In addition to this, 02,211,700 pounds wcro transmitted free, and 25,289,355 pieces of transient matter paid for by stamps were also transmitted, making u grand total of 440,234,281 pounds. Tho total postago paid amounted to $5,091,322, and, not withstanding tho great weight of tho material carried at pound rates, it paid only $3,527,032 of this amount. Tho transportation of second-class matter at such an excessively low rate was, of course, tho cause of tho postal deficit of $0,010,770. There are many abuses connected with second-class mail, such as tho mailing of novuls, trade organs, etc., which conform to tho lcttor, but not to tho spirit of tho laws. If every Poetmaster-Genera) would mako stron ous elTorts to rectify theso abuses, it would put this department on a payiug basis. Up to tho present time, how ever, thoro does not seem to bo any prospect of relief. The weight of third-class matter carried is 08.227,109 pounds, and tho uumber ul pleoes mailed amounts to 747,095,000 pieces, and tbo postago paid Is $10,093,882, from which it will bo seen that the amount of postago paid in this class is thoroughly ade quate to produce a surplus. The weight of fourth-class matter is 21,770,347 pounds. Tho number of pieced mailed is 00,174,000, tho postage paid being $3,421,181. fho weight of foreign mall carried is 7,700,377 pounds, aud tho coat is $2 ?tO.SOO. The figures wnlcb havo just been shown mako lmpodng totals. The number of pieces mailed in tho liseal year which we are considering is 0, 570,310,000. If theso pieces of mail mattor wero place ! togothcr they would mako a band seven feet wide around tho world. The total weight carried 18 004,280,808 pounds. To trans port this enormous weight would re quire 33,211 freight cars, forming a train ?IJ0 miles long, hauled by ?0? locomotives, aggregating ."?U0.0U0 horse power, and tho locomotives alone would require seven miles of track. It should be remembered that mall mat ter carried on trains is not packed tightly, as in tho vast t<'ain wo are considering, where it is estimated that 10 tons of matter aro closely packed in mail bage?. As a matter of fact, only on very few trains is tho mail carried in this way. Sometimes a trailer or supply car is used, which is packed solid with mall hags, and they are brought forward to tho sorters as be comes necessary. It Is Impossible to make any reliable comparison of mail as actually curried, ami it is possible to assume that only freight curs are tilled with mail, for the sake of argu ment. Wo now come to the Dnanolal side. The po.-tal revenue for tho fiscal year I89? was $95,021.384. Tho total expen ditures amounted to $101 032,100, leav ing a deficit of $0,010.770. Had 170, 351,013 pounds of mail matter, which was rnaliy third-class, been transmitted at tho pound rate, and paid for as it should havo been, the financial state ment would have exhibited a surplus of $17,037,570, Or, If this matter would pay only a nominal rate of eight eonts a pound, there would have been a surplus of $5,733,830 in the year we aro considering. The amount of post ago actually received for a pound of tirst-clasri matter was 8f> (I eonts ; second-class-matter, 8 cents; thlrd ciass ...'illei, i-i. i cents ; toreigu blat ter, 40 cents ; postal cards, IMS.2. Tho expense of toe transportation of the mail matter is reckoned at eight cents a pound. Tho number of registered pieces carried was 10,080 022 Thoro wore 2,J,,.?70,:i71 Post Ollico money orders issued, tho aggregate value being $224,958,303. The Dead l.Htor Ollico received 0,855,9811 pieces of mail mat ter. Of this amount B.07,409. were mis directed, 01,1111? wcro without an ad dress, 4,90,1,700 were unclaimed, nod 113,917 had fictitious addresses. Tno number of Stamps 1 BS Bed was 4,917,? 209,025. The total number of Poot OQlons In the United States is not far from 7."> 000, and tb? number of employes is estimated at 200,000. It should bo ro membered in dealing with postal figures that thoy are apt to he slightly erroneous, and in nearly every case tho wolghts aro groator than those which wo havo given, though they are sufficient to show the wonderful magni tude of this most important branch of the government service. WHATIIir.lt AND OROP RBPORT. Weekly Bulletin of tho Wcntlii r Itn 1 roau for Mi on 11 Carolin?. ?OLUMI1IA, S.O., Sept. 18, 15)00. Tho lirst part of tho week ondlng S a. m., Septembor 17th, was oxtromoly hot, with maximum temperatures of 100 at throo points. Tho latter part was coolor, but tho heat continues ab normally high. The lowest tempera ture was 02 at Greonvlllo. Tho drought was broken by general rains beginning or. tho 13th aud con tinuing to tho lO'.h, with amounts ranging from a half to over three inches. The rainfall has put tho s ill Into excellent, condition for plowing, and for sowing oats and turnips, aud was be nelieia I to minor crops, but came too lato to bc-nolitcorn and cotton. It replenished creeks and streams where cattlo watered, tho supply of stock water having been very scarce at places. Thoro 1& no improvement to bo notoo' in lato corn, which In many places fall od to ear ; tho corn crop as a wholo Is estimated at less than half an averago yield. Sumo farmers are gathering and housing their crop. Cotton continues to open rapidly, and nearly all is now open, but the rains will tend to cheek premature opening, and to increase tho sl/.o of 11 imature, hulls. In placos tho plants uro again blooming, and soino report a .mall top crop, but gonerally tho top crop is unpromising. Tho weather favored rapid picking, and about half tho crop is gathorod. The rains dam aged open cotton slightly. Correspon dents estimate tho yield this year at about half an average crop. Sea Is land shoWS Slight improvement, but is blooming to the. top and tho plants are dwarfod. Poas, swoet potatoes, pastures, fall gardens, and late rice, which wore vory poor, havo begun to improve. Ulco narvOBt Is progressing and in places is nearly finished, except for | Juno plantings which will ripen In October, lioans, cabbages, white po tatoes and othor truck are bolng plant ed on tho coast truck farms under fa vorable conditions. Tho hay and othor forage crops will bo short and aro In* oapablo of being muoh Improvod. Some oats havo been sown. HOW AN1> W1IKNTO HOW WHEAT. Prof. Newman oivcu Directions a? to l'ropi r Soil, Tiiiio I'nr Seeding. Vn rlottes ami FortilUliiir. Tho Spartanburg correspondent of tho Nowo und Courier furnished tho following information of much vnluo to tho furmera, especially in tho Pied mont region : Wheat conventions, thootTer of pri/.ea und tho desiro on the part of farmers to mako thoir own flour la directing tholr attention to wheat growing, llar vio Jordan, of Georgia, announoed that South Carolina ruisod uhout ono mil lion bushels of wheat and Imported thu llour of live millions. Kino wheat may bo raised on one-half tho uruhlc lund of Soutti Carolina! Those counties whoro it will grow should raiso thoir own s .pply, leaving ouly three million bushels to ho imported. That is drain enough on the people. Prof. j. S. Nowrauu, at tho head of tue agricultural department of Cloin son College, combines theory and prac tice iu his Instruction lu tho College and at farmers' Institutes. Ho speaks with nuthorlty, for his information has boon secured by nctuul work iu tho fields combined with such fucts us science cun furnish. Knowing tho In terest ho was taking In the condition of tho farmers and tho success of tho farmers of tho State, your correspon dent asked him to givo somo Instruc tion to the people on tho subj3ct of sowing wheat. Wishing to givo the valuable infor mation tho widest circulation possible, your correspondent sends It to The News aud Courier that tho farmers of every county may havo tho benefit of Prof. Newman's suggestion : clemson C'ollkqk, Sept. lf>, 1900. Mr. Chus. Potty, Spartunburg, .S. C. ? Dear Sir : implying to your favor of tho 11th in regard to the preparation of tho luud und sowing wheat iu tho Piedmont < oction of thla Slate, I sub mit tho following suggestioua : (a) Wheat dellgtits in a compara tively still soil, or ono containing enough clay to givo it the proper con sistency. If this seil is filled with smtnl gravel tho drainage will bo good. This is very important to prevent freezing out in winter. Tho lund should bo ploughed, har rowed and rolled until tho surface is thoroughly pulverized before Bowing tho seed. Not one aero in u thousand is properly prcpurcd for wheat. If there is u cluy subsoil it will pav to follow in the turn plough furrow in breaking with a long bull tongue to break the subsoil without turning It up. (b) Tiiuo for Seeding : Tbe seed should be sown just before or jus-, after the lirst frost. If sown early ther is risk of injury from tho attack of the Hessian lly in the fall, and of destruc tion by frost in spring if it joints too early. If sown too lato tho riak of winter killing is Increased, aud ripening late Increases tho riek of rust, smut and bleaching. Wheat should ripen before excessive heat prevails. (o) Varieties ; As u rule varieties svmch havo been acciimutcd in this section in which thoy aro to bo planted uro more hkoly to succeed than those grown under entirely different .-oil and climatic conditions. Varieties known as Alabama, Hid May, Georgia Hint, Hlue stem or Purple straw. Tho seed, to prevent thu attack of stinking smut, should bo either scalded or treated with bluestone. (One pound dissolved in water will treat livo bushels.) Cure in tho Uao of tho blue siono is necessary to prevent injury to th? ge?*m of tho seed (;!) Depth to cdvCr ?0*d: Rxpori moots havo shown that whoJt doos not vegetate satisfactorily if covoTftd more than three inches in depth, if Infi teed aro put in with u turn plough many uro covered deeper than this und con sequently a full stand is not secured. On tho contrary, where tho wheat drill is used upon properly prepared land, the seed areoovered uniformly at a depth Iol-j than two inches mid hence loss aeod aro required to secure a stand. (") fertilizing: if a leguminous crop (nitrogen collector) precedes tho wheat it Is not nec.ssary to apply a fertilizer containing nitrogen or am monia. Upon clay lands upon which tho forest growth was of hard wood trees acid phosphate will usually be suthcient. If excissivo quantities of nitrogenous manures aro u-od there Is danger of too much growth of straw, causing risk of rust and lodging. I'm. : If cotton sued meal Is one of tho component parts of a complotu fertilizer applied to the wheat, or if it used as such, care must ho exorcised to prevent it from coming iu contuct with tho grain. Stands of grain are often lost by neglecting this precau tion. Tho cotton aeod mual ferments very promptly und actively and de stroys the germ of tho seed. Very truly yours, .1. S. Nkwman. ?Goo. Nelson A. Miles will under take a new task in October, when ho will bo judgo of the cavalry, walk, trot arc! cantor suddlo horses at thu horse show at Louisville. Gen. John B. Castloman, president of tho associa tion, who, aa Adjutant General, was prominent in the troubles ol last win tor, Invited Con. Milos to .)<; a judgo, and has just received an ai c ptanco of tho invitation. ?Tho anthracite coal region of Pennsylvania, whoro the groat strike now prevails, had last year .'!<>(> minea in operation, omploylng llU.UOO people. Tho production of hard coal was 54,000,000 tons for an aggrogato of 180 working days. It is estimat ed that should tho demand for this csal ovor warrant it tho production could bo incroaaod to 72,000,000 tons u yoar. ? Uoatrico Hamiden, author of " Ships That Pass in the Night," who is trying to regain her lost health on a California ranch, haa taken up carpen try and has becotuo skilled in tho use of tho saw and piano. Sho haa also bo como profloleut aa a grower of orchids and a landscapo gardener. ?A nugget weighing 1,150 ounces was found recently in the Ural gold minus at Orek, in the government of Orenburg. OUIl GRHATKSTjBPEOIAIjIST, Por 20 years Dr. j. Newton Hathaway has so successfully troatcd ohronlo disoaa es that ho is acknowledged today to stand at tho hoad of his profession in tins lino. His exclusive method of treatment for Varicooele and Stricture, without tho aid of knifo or cautery cures in 00 per cent, of nil cases, lit tHo treatment of the loss of Vital Forces. Nervous Disorders, Kidney nnd Urinary Complaints, l'arnlvsis, blood Poisoning, Rheumatism, Catarrh, and dis eases poculiar to womon, he is equally successful. Dr. Hathaway's practice is more than douldo that of any othor spec ialist. Cases pronounced helploes by other physicians roadily yield to hid ireatmont. Writo him today fully about your caso. lie makes no chargo for consultation or adviee, either at hie ofHoe or by mail. j. Newton Hathaway. m. i)., 12% Boutb liroad street, Atlanta, (la; p BaKXjso Powder1 ?--^??^^^^^^^^^^^^ For the third ol a century the standard for strengtli and purity. It makes the hot bread, hot biscuit, cake ami other pastry light, sweet and excellent in every quality. No other baking powder is "just as good as Royal," either in strength, purity or wholesomeness. Many low priced, Imitation t>:?k ine powders arc > <? iijtuii the markoi These arc made with alum, mid care should lie taken lo avoid lliciti, as alum I-, a poison, ii<-\?.t i'j bo ? >;.-.ii in the tooJ. ROYAL RAKINO POWDtR CO., 100 WILLIAM ST., NIIW YORK. The practical side of science is reflected in j^vtent j? ^egord A monthly publication of inestimable value to the Btudont of every day Bcientifio problems, tbo mechanic, tho industrial expert, tho manufacturer, the inventor- -in fact, to every wide-awake person who hopes to hotter his condition by using his brains. The inventor, especially, will find in The Patent Record a guido, philosopher and friend. Nothing of importance escapes tbo vigilant eyes of its corps <>f expert editors, Everything is pre sented in clean, concise fashion, so that the busiest may take time to read and comprehend, Tbo sciontitic and industrial progress of the age is accur ately mirrored in tbo columns of The Patent Record, and it is the only publication in the country that prints tbo oilicial news of the U. S. Patent Ollico and the latest dovolopcmcnts in the held o? invention without fear Or favor. SUHSC1UPTION PRICK ON 12 DOLLAR l'KIt YEAR, THE PATENT RECORD, Baltimore. Md. cjuusti >N KOK n.VVAli officers. Tho Proposed Abandonment ol Port Hoya) N?vai Station ?Interesting facts About the Dry Dock. Scientific American Tho question of tho liest sito fur a naval station on the Atlantic coast be tween Norfolk and Pensueoltt is now being made the subject of investiga tion by a special commission, whoso re port to the Secretary of the Navy will probably be made public within the next few n^. as. more is aii'CHC!" existen ?) at 1 'ort It >yal a naval station which was selected and approved by various commlsslOOS which, after an examination of the locality, pronounc ed emphatically in favor of this site as being tho best adapted to meet tho re quirements of Hie caso. One of those commissions was presided over by Ad miral Porter, who was strongly in favor of the >ite, and a later commis sion authorized by Congress In 1888, and presided over by Commodore Mc Cann, recommended the establishment at I'ort Royal Ol a dry dock, a depot of naval supplies, and n coaling station. In tho spring of the present year, the Naval Appropriation Bill, as passed by the House ui Representatives, con tained an appropriation of .j. I.> to ward tho rebuilding of the dry dock at this station in concrete or stone. The bill went to the Senate and was ro tor reil to the Committee on Naval Affairs. While under consideration by this committee, the Secretary of tho Navy submitted a letter from Ad miral Khicott, chief of tho Bureau of Yards and Docks, in which he Strongly deprecated tho carrying out of any further work of Improvement or exten sion of facilities at Port Royal, and criticised tho site of tho dock as boing unsuited, for various|speoilied reasons, to the purposes of a naval station, tho specified grounds of objection strange to say, being tlio vory grounds which had been quoted in all previous investi gations tu being favoraole for a station. In tho course of his letter lie said , " During tho year tho Mayor of the j city of Charleston suggested the pro priety of transferring the naval station to that city from Port Royal, stating among other things tho facilities for j transportation to tho Interior, tho j proximity of a large commercial city,' tho convenience of obtaining at all times skilled labor of all classes, an abundance of fresh water, etc , advant ages which are lacking at Port Royal." While tho transfer would undoubtedly 'result In tho loss of a great den', of money which has been expended at Port Rjyal, Admiral Kndicott consid ers the present is the proper time to considor tho suggestion of tho Mayor. The Admiral was so much impressed with tho wisdom of tho Mayor's bug go-tlon, that ho gave it hearty en dorsement and ablo advocacy through out his whole letter. He recommend ed that the matter be brought to tho attention of tho Senate Committee on Naval AlTairs, and that a board of of- j Heers bo appointed to "examine into' the conditions existing at I'ort Royal, and the various questions involved in the proposition to remove .his station to Charleston Harbor." Acting upon this lottcr, tho Navy Committee amended the bill by au thorizing tho Secretary of tho Naval to Inquire Into tho advisability of mov ing the naval station from Port I loyal to Charleston, and if ho doomed it advis able to do so. ompoworing him to uso : iiiii.i no of the monoy appropriated In tho bill for tue Port Royal naval station for tho purchaso of land for a lite at or near tho city of Charleston, and to proceed with tho building of a dry dock thoro. Ponding tho publication of tho ro port of this commission, It Is not for US to say anything ono way or tho other with regard to tho proposed transfor whloh, of course, has vory naturally Tub aroused hitter opposition on tho part of the citizens in tho immediate neigh borhood of the prosont station. Tho proposition to " reniovo " tho yard in volves the abandonment of the dry dock, machino shops and other build ings at I'ort Royali which would re present a dead loss of between one and two million dollars. Moreover, tbo modern forts at, tho entrance to tho station, which were erected during tho Spanish war, will to a largo ext" lose their military value whe no longer any station t'~ foud. Tho l i.T! Ii )v" j piesuroably, after et?. We havo Ivo examination, by various export commissions, in tho course of which tho advantages of Charleston must surely have received duo consideration. At the same timo It ia possible that tho rotative strategical advantages of I'ort Royal ami Charleston are not tho same under the changed condition of modern naval warfare as they wore In the days of Admiral I'ortcr, Admiral Jewett and Commodore McCann Among other reasons which aro given for the removal of the station It is urged that the absonct of social at tractions and conveniences in such an out of-tho way place as I'ort Royal will render it unpopular with naval olliccrs, both of tho lino and stalT, con veniences which Charleston would readily afford. It scorns to us that arguments of this kind are not warrant ed either by the traditions of tho navy or the invariable solf-clTacoment which characterizes our naval ollicors, when it is a question between personal com fort and the highest interests of tho country they serve. Tho question for the best site for a dry dock and naval repair yard is purely a technical ono, and will bo decidod entirely by ques tions of accessibility by eoa and by land capabilities for defense, suitabili ty ef location with regard to tho oxl goncies of a naval campaign, and possi bilities of obtaining at all times tho necessary skilled labor. It is nt any rate cortain that so com plicated and eminently technical a, question as this is not to ho decidod by llio preferences of tho Mayor of any particular city coucorned, although it must be admitted that by quoting tho Mayor of Charleston as his loading au thority on tho advantages of tho pro posed change, Admiral l.ndicott has shown a lettering opinion of tho judg ment of l!\o laygentleman who holds that distinguished municipal position. ?Thero is no doubt that tho H'ato building which is to be erected on tho grounds at tho South Carolina Intor State aud West Indian Kxposition and which is designed to show tho re sources of each county of tho State will contain much that will provo a rovola tlon to the outside world. Tho grow ing of wheat and tho making of Hour aro industries which havo attained largor proportions in South Carolina than is generally known. Few roali/.i tho importance of tho experiments re cently made in this State In tho grow ing of hemp, and ono feature In which South Carolina will ho ahead of all other Statos will bo the tea exhibit from tho farm at Summorvillo. ?Tho Now Orleans l'icayuno think.-, that it is a fact of moro or loss intorost that, whuc N w Kngland cotton mills j aro advertising for operatives in the : South, thoy aro not advertising for j any colored or.es. CASTOR IA For Infants and Children. s The Kind You Have Always-' . into that Boars the Signatare of C*vz&tyt mpany. ilT's stand.