The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, September 26, 1900, Image 1
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??n AWRENCE, dcnr, have you
finished? May I come In?"
The young man at Hie tahlo
- uu ted slightly and laid down
als pen, yet he hail not been
writing, for the paper before
blni was untouched, a bright ismiio
overspread his handsome fuee us lie
looked toward tin- fair head source seen
through the partly opened door.
"Come In. surely, Holen, darling. I
shall not write at nil." He spoke In a
full, rich voice, with just a suspicion of
u brogue. "Of what use Is It to make
imy memoranda? I'll just speak to the
boys out of my heart."
The young wife sat ou a low stool
at her husband's side and leaned her
head against his arm.
"You were thinking, though, for you
?jumped when I spoke to you. (Jo on
now and think, and 1 will tie still as a
mouse."
"Yes; 1 was thinking," echoed the
young man seriously.
He put his arm about his wife's shoul
der, and there was silence between
them for n space.
It was a great day In the life of Law
rence O'llara. lie had received, a few
hours earlier, the news that he had
been nominated by his party for con
gress. This nomination was, in his
congress district, equivalent to an elec
tion, lie was 28 years old and had
been in America ten years. The first
two were years of hard toll, but after
that fortune hud smiled upon him con
tinuously. He entered politics and hud
been successful from the start. He
had married early a beautiful girl who
brought him wealth beyond that con
tained in a heart full of love and ndml
ratlo and O'llara was regarded as a
man v.ho had arrived.
While waiting the coming of a dele
gation of his fellow townsmen with
their congratulations he had been
thinking of the past. Hack beyond
those lirst years in America his mind
hud gone <.o the days when he wander
ed a barefoot, rugged lad over the turf
of County -Mayo. Those were days of
poverty, which was often bitter, and
Ignorance which now seemed to Lu\?"
rence ulmost Incredible. There was
one dark period of three months?his
last In Ireland?which he never could
recall without burning cheeks and
.which came to his memory now only
ftt rare Intervals. The shame of it
might havo ruined his life, but Instead
'of that It had driven him out of the
night o.f Ignorance Into the sunlight
?f knowledge and endeavor.
I It was upon this dark period that his
mind was dwelling when his wife star
tled him by her call.
Just now she moved her lips nearer
his ear and murmured softly: "Law
rence, how proud I utn of you and how
happy 1 ami Are wo not perfectly
happy now, dearest?"
"Hush, hush, Helen," said O'nara,
glancing quickly over his shoulder, tho
BIS ArrKAHANGE WAS ORRKTKD WITH PBO
LONOBD CIiKKI.INO.
told, Inborn superstition of his race as
sorting Itself for a moment?"never
confess that, girl?never eny 'I am per
fectly l??ppy'?that la a pinnaclo from
.which one can go no higher; the next
step must he downward."
. Even aa ho spoko a shiver passed
bver him. Helen laughed, and hor
band touched his dark curls caressing
ly.
i "Very vrell, then. I am not happy. I
am a very miserable woman with a
naughty, had husband. Does that sat
isfy your*
The boll rang and a voico In the
lower hall asked for Mr. O'llara.
Helen kissed her husband and ran
from the room. A few moments later
a heavy step was heard on the stair
and a dork f ?uro appeared In tho door
way.
1 Lawrence took a step forward and
?.hen paused, his face white as the
blank paper upon the table.
"I was so sure of my welcome that
I came right up, ye see." The voice
[was raucous and tho tone sneering,
v "Well, Larry O'llara, ye've pros
pared mightily Indade, and I seem to
have arrived at a good time, for they
tall me ye've Just been nomlnayted
tor high office."
U The guest seated himself unbidden.
"Have ye nothing to s.iy to an ouid
frl'nd after all these year.i of separay
tlon?"
"I hopo you have prospered too,
Miles Oallan."
Lawrence's voice sounded strange
and far away, llko the voico of ono
Who speaka iu a trauce.
"Prospered; yes, I look It, don't I?"
?aid the other, with a bitter laugh and
a glance dowuward at his broken hoots
and faded clothing. "It Is lust a week
since I left BlfickweU's Island. I land
ed there tho day after I struck New
York, six mouths ago. But that's noth
ing new for me."
Lawrence still stooil motionless. Ho
seemed paralysed with horror.
"But ye haven't much to say to mo,
! Larry; perhaps yo'll have more when
i ye lenrn what I've come for."
"1 cannot hope It Is for any honest
rcosou, Miles Callan; 1 ho\o known
only evil from your hands In the past."
"And now yo re going to return good
for It, according to the way of the
righteous, and I'll see to It that ye do."
Lawrence did not hear the sneer.
Ills thoughts were far away In Ireland.
[ It was a moonlit summer night and
four young men were returning to their
miserable home from u meeting of
Striking linen workers. Ah they pass
ed through the deserted village streets
the eldest of them, who had been lu
VClghlug loudly against the landlords
and all who owned property, stopped
and whispered something about a linen
merchant whose store he pointed out.
The older lads were Inflamed by pas
sion and drink, and Lawrence, the
youngest, who had had his share of
the 'liquor, went with the rest. Only
half comprehending what was Intend
ed, he did as the leader bade and
stationed himself at the door to watch
while the others went lu through a
rear window. Tho merchant happen
ed to be sleeping In his shop that night.
He gave an .alarm and the housebreak
ers were caught. Larry pleaded guilty
and was sentenced to three months iu
jail. It was this disgrace which drove
him In shame and horror from his
native hind.
Miles Callan, the leader of that shab
by little band of culprits, sat before
him.
"Had ye only robbed a bank, now,
O'llara, or made 'way wld big trust
funds it would have a lino sound and
might be overlooked, but a linen dra
per's till?'Larry the Till Tapper'?
'twould look ill In tho country pupers,
wouldn't It, lad?"
"Hush, oh, hush!" groaned Lawrence,
looking iowurd the door.
"Aye, I've heard of her, too, and 'tis
no? likely yo'll have told her o* It nor
that yo'll be doing it soon."
lie held out a grimy piece of paper.
"There's an attested copy of an en
try in the Jail warden's hook at Oross
tnollua: 'Lawrence o'llura, lurceuy; en
tered June 13, discharged Sept. 13,
1885.' Its price Is $500. Take it If ye
wish. If not, yer opponent will be
glad to buy it."
There was one swift passing mo
ment of temptation. Lawrence had not
an enemy in the town or district, hut
he knew too well the cruel emergencies
which politics give rise to. His oppo
nent could not afford to Ignore that pa
per, it would give ldui tho election.
Then he spoke. "Miles Callan, had you
come here as an old acquaintance In
need for all tho debt of bitterness I
owe you I'd have helped you gladly.
' But when you come avowing black
mall not one cent will you wring from
me."
From ufar came fulutly the sound of
a strange commingling of shouting,
singing, the beating of drums and the
tooting of horns. An hour ago It would
have been tho Bweetest music In the
ears of O'llara. Now it sounded his
doom.
Miles Callan sat watching Lawrence,
a mulignant grin upon his face.
"Do you hour that'/" said the younger
man. "That is my friends coming to
rejoice with me. Now see, Miles Cal
lan, what a man dnro do. I've lived
tills thing down once. Please Qod I'll
do it again!"
i Going to the door, he called, "Helenl"
When she came, ho put his arm about
her. "Dear," he said gently, "a great
trouble has come upon me. Aro you
strong to help me beur It? Look at
that man. Do you remember my chid
ing you tonight, Helen, for proclaiming
our happiness? Oh, girl, how true It is
that tho consequences of n sin can nev
er be foreseen and that thoy may pur
sue us to the grave! I made a misstep
once, Helen. It was in tho faroff days
In the old country, and, though I
thought I had atoned by years of bit
ter suffering, my sin has como home to
me In the hour of my triumph, borno
by the very hand which led me Into
temptation."
The sound of the trumpets and the
shouting wero louder now. Tho ad
vanco guard was alrondy In front of
tho house. Helen, who had listened
with face growing paler, now threw
ber armt> around her husband's neck.
"Lawrence, Lawrence," sho crlod,
"you know I trust In you and bellevo
In you with nil my soul. Who dares
say that my noble husband has ever
done an Ignoble thing?"
"Ho himself; it is he who dnres, not
that wretch there!" cried tho young
man oxultingly. "Ctrl, 1 will never go
to Washington, but yo'll have no cause
to blush for mo this night." In his ex
citement his tongue proclaimed in rich
er accent tho hind of bis birth. "Listen
while I tell them, and yo shall know
everything."
Hundreds of voices wcro now shout
ing his name lu front of tho house.
Unclasping his wife's arms from his
neck Lawrence leaped upon tho bal
cony. "My friends," ho cried, but ho
got no further. His appearance was
greeted with prolonged cheering.
Helen, half fainting, leaned heavily
upon tho table nud now looked with
dilated eyes upon the dark, heavy fig
ure In tho corner.
Callan had risen from his chair and
Btooil regarding tho beautiful young
woman with shamefaced embarrass
meut.
"My friends," continued Lawrence,
"l thank you for your greeting. The
honor which has come to nie 1 cannot
accept. Not that I do not desire It
uiost heartily to pretend otherwise
would he to deceive you. lteeuu.se you
are my friends you shall know the true
reason. 1 am not lit to represent you
in congress" He was Interrupted
again, this time by loud cries of indig
nation and disapproval.
Before they had died away Helen
spoke. She was looking at Callan with
uu expression of Intense loathing.
"Until tonight," she suhl lu a low,
vibrant voice, "1 thought that In all
"TAKE OFF THE CORSE, SWEET LADY."
God's creatures, however low they had
fallen, some germ of good remained.
1 did not believe that anything so utter
ly vile as you could live. Co from this
home, which you have dishonored by
your presence." She raised her open
hand and turned away her head. "May
God"?
"No, no," cried Callan in terror, "do
not CUl'SO ine?not that, not that!"
Again Lawrence's voice arose: "My
friends, you know what my life has
been among you, but before that was
a life less favored and far less happy.
It is of that older time 1 would speak
to you, and then you will understand."
Callan sprang from his crouching po
sition and in one hound was upon the
balcony beside O'Hare.
"Let a man who knows all about that
ould life speak of It for him," he cried
to the throng below. "Cur young fr'ind
hero Is nervous and upset tonight be
cause of an onexpected visit from a
companion of thlm ould days. They
were days when ho hadn't always
Shoes to his feet and sometimes scarce
a whole pair of trousers on his legs,
and it's because of these days of pov
erty und distress being so strongly re
called to him by this foolish ould fr'ind
that he thinks tonight he's not lit for
this high station. Hut let ono who
knew him then tell you that ho has
nothing to blush for except Hint same
poverty and the Ignorance which went
with It, and both of thlm he's long
since put behind him. There's no foiner
young man In tho W?fiHil? tonight than
Lawrence O'Haral"
A loud outburst of cheers greeted
this speech. Lawrence, who had stood
by, too astonished to Interrupt, glanced
backward through the window and,
seeing Helen on the point of slipping
from the chair Into which bho hud
Blink, sprang to her aid.
Callan had caught the fnucy of tho
crowd and for the next few minutes
kept them roaring with laughter as ho
told anecdotes of his boyhood lu Cross
inollna.
Hack lu the room he knelt nt Helen's
feet, his tattered cap lu his hands.
"Tuke off the curse, sweet lady," he
begged, "tuke off the curse and nlver
more he saddened by the sight of Miles
Callan."
Helen looked at the cowering wretch,
a beautiful smile upon her pule Hps.
"Qod forbid that 1 should curse you,"
she said. "1 shall pray that he may
forgive you, as 1 do."
Callan bent his head low before her
und. after one adoring look, rushed
from the room.
"Stay. Miles, stay; do not go yet,"
cried Lawrence
He would have followed Callan, but
Helen threw her arms about him.
The people were calling loudly for
him.
"Your place Is with them," she said,
urging her husband towurd the win
dow. "Leave him to Cod."
A Watchmaker.
The lute Aaron Demilson was called
"the father of American watchmak
ing." He was interested in his work,
because he hoped thereby to benefit his
fellow man.
Often ho worked late Into tho night,
ho late that his loving wife would go
and beg him to "wait until tomorrow."
One night sho said to him: "Are you
not going to bed nt all? What are you
doing?"
And ho turned and slowly answered,
"I am trying to make It possible for
every poor man to have a watch," a
result which ho very neurly accom
plished.?Youth's Companion.
Southern Paatare Lande.
There Is no reason why we should
not much Improvo our permanent pas
turo lands if wo would take tho trou
ble to clean and protect them and havo
'them arranged so that ono part would
rest and rccupcrato while another part
Is being grazed. In other words, al
ways havo a fresh piece of pasturo to
be utilized by tho stock In order that
tthero may be no "break" in their
growth and development, an it is tho
period when nourishment Is scarce and
nnlraals have to waste so much of their
energy In traversing a large area to ob
tain a sufficiency that puts a check on
their progress, which of necessity must
be a loss to the owner.
Tobaeee rorttn?rr?.
Sulphate of ammonia and nitrate of
soda are considered particularly valua
ble In Maryland for uso on tho plant
beds for growing strong and early
plants. For this purnoso they are ap
plied nt the rote of about 100 pounds
per acre, sown broadcast over tho land,
In which ease they are mixed with
rock, plaster or dry earth In order to
facilitate application. They aro also
sometimes nppllcd In solution at the
time of watering the plants, In which'
eaRo they are added to tho water at tho
rato of ono ounce of material for every
four or five gallons of water.
THIS U. S. POSTAL SERVICE.
XIII?: GREATEST BUSINESS CON
CHUN IN TIIH WOULD,
A Summary of FaclH and Fig in 08
Show in;.; Womlerltll Perfect 1Oil ol'
the System.
BcientiHu American.
Tno postal establishment of tho
United States id tho greatest business
concern In tho world, bundling more
pieces of mull, and ctnploying more
men und womon than any otliur gov
ernment or corporation. Tiio immense
Size of tho country, tho luck of ooncon
trutiou of tiio inhabitants in a fow
large cities, all help to make the Post
Ollico t-orvloo of tho liret magnitude,
uud, us u mutter of fact, only ono cor
poration, u comhinution of railways,
earns und disburses us much us tho
l'ost Ollico Department. 1'robably no
brunch of tho government sorvlce
comes into us close contact with tho
uverago citizen as tho Post Ollico. Tho
postal servlco Is pro-emiueutly ono of
dotuil, und it may, pcrhnps, be in
teresting to tuko tho report of tho
Postmaster-General und unuly/.o some
of tho ligures.
Somo uleu of the wonderful perfec
tion und system which makes thu
service possible may bo obtained whon
It is stuted that a lettor can bo oent
from Florida to tho Klondike, a dis
tance of over 7,U?? miles for two cents,
thirty days being consumed in its
transmission. If it woro curried by
courier tho tlmo would not bo lessened
and tho cost would bo increased to
something like $.{U0. It Is this ro
uiarkablo cheapness which mukes tho
service so Interesting, for, of courso,
on this hypothetical trip of the letter,
Its delivery in tho gold fields costs
much more than was received for its
transmission, but tho government
mukes u hundtomo profit on much of
tho first-cluss mattor ; enough, in fact,
almost to make good tho deficit cuused
by trunsporting inferior classes of mut
ter.
According to tho report of tho
Second Assistant Postmuster-Uenerul
for tho liscu! your onding June .10, 1899,
th'jro were .'14 2t?S routes of domestic
mail service In operation upon that
date. Tne total length of these routes
was 490,948 miles, or more than a
round trip between tho earth and the
moon. Tho number of miles traveled
per annum la445,744,845 miles, or more
than two round trips to tho sun. Tho
annual rate of expenditure for too
transportation of tho mall Is 953,070,413.
The rate of cost per mile of length of
tho route Is $10(1 SO. Tho rate of cost
per mile traveled is 11.90 cents; the
uverago number of trips per wejk Is
8.02.
Toe inland servico cun be divided
into ten olasses. By "slur route " is
mount u route w hero the mcuus of trans
portation is other than railway, stetiin
boat, street car, or pneumatic tube.
There aro 22 182 stur routes und their
length is 2t>!i,4.')2 miles. Too unt.uul
travel is Kt2 Ut>8,?U7 miles. Tho dull}
travol for ilbf> duys is 301,830 inilos, or
oeventocD times uround tno world. I
is upon thu stur routes that much uf
the romance oi tho Post oil loo Depart
ment rests, and many of tho curriers
havo performeu heroic deeds.
Noxt comes tho railway Borviee,
which amount.-* to 170,720 miles, divid
ed among 2,(?17 routes. Tho annual
rato of expenditure for currying the
mails on tho railroads is $31,942,150.
This docs not includo tho sulurios of
8 :tSS ruilwuy post ollico clerks, who ro
coivo tho bum of $8,010,732. Tno un
nual travei upon the railroads of *'JO,
7*2,270 miles. Dividing this total by
tho number of duys wo obtain tho daily
travel on rullroads, which amounts to
813,000 miles, or thirty-one trips
ai'OJa'l the world. There wore hand
led oj railway postal clerks during the
yeur 1,118,422,840 pieces of tirst-clubs
mutter, and 0,233,609,885 of till other
classes of matter, mukiug u total of
13,351,992.725 pieces, which Includes
619,870,405 pieces of city muil sop.?rutcd
in ruilwuy post offices. In addition
there wuro handled by tho ruilwuy
postul clerks 17,637,058 packages, oases
and pouches of registered mail. With
1,312,388 errors mado by thuclerki In
distributing tills mattor, there were
over 11 .U?0 correctly forwarded pieces
of mail to every e-ror made, constitut
ing a remurkublo record. There were
799 casual I ties during the yoar to rail
way postal employes, anil of this num
ber t> woro killed atd 50 seriously in
jurod.
Tho number of routes of steamboat
mail carriors is 178, and thu length Is
31,109 ii ih-v. Tbo annual travel
amounts to 4,387,028 mllos and tho an
nual rato of expenditure is $550,454
Tho street car servico amounts to 1 92(1
miles und includes 207 routes. Tho
annual travel Is 4,978,130 miles und the
rato of cxpoudituro is $275,448, Too
pneumatic tube sorvico is only 805
mlicB iu length. Tho pneumatic tube
service cost $222.200, and it is con lined
to tho cities of Boston, Now York,
Brooklyn and Philadelphia. Tho
service has proved highly i llicient and
had done away with many thousands
of miles of wagon servico. Lotters for
branch ollicos cun bo forwarded at once
hy tho pneumatic tubo instead of being
held, as formerly, for tho noxt reg
ularly scheduled wagon or car trip.
The labor of closing, recording, und
verifying pouches is uleo done uwuy
with. TlioroarobiV^ral minor means of
transportation known as npoclal office
routes, mall messengor routes and
wagon routos in cities. Whilo somo
of thorn aro very extonslvo thoy do not
cull for special attention.
The quobtion of weight naturally oc
cupies tho second place in interest.
He fore, discussing this, howovor, it is
necessary to consider briefly tho var
ious classes of postal mattor. " First
class " mattor includes lotters, postal
curds, and anything scaled or othor
wl8Q closid against inspection. While
tho weight of first-class mattor is not
very great, at tho same timo it fur
nishes tho greator portion of tho postal
revenue. " Bocond-clivs" mattor In
cludes all newspapers, periodicals, and
all matter exclusively in print and re
gularly Issued at Btatud intervale, as
frequently as four tlmos a yoar. This
forms tho hull: of all mail mattor
carrlod and furnishes only a small por
centagoof tho revenue. "Third-class"
mattor includes prlntod books, pamph
lets, circulars, etc., and dooa not form
a vory largo portion of tho weight
carried, although It furnlsbes almost
twlco as much revonuo as enormously
heavier n<. cond-class mattor. " Fourth
class " mutter is all mallablo mattor
not Included In tho procodlng classos,
ombracing merchandise and samp'.os
of all kinds. Tho weight of first-class
mattor curried amounts to 128,517,0112
pounds. Tho postagu paid amounts to
$65,087,7.12. Tho total n imber of
letters and other pieces that aro sont
at lettor rates la 2.917,000,000. In ad
dition to this thoro woro 08,002,000
dead-bead and ' official business* " let
ters sont through the mall as well as
678,084,000 postal cards, making tho
total number of drat-class pieces of
mall matter 3,588,720,000 pieces. There
aro 9,804,729 pieces of Qrst-olnss mattor
mailed dally. This would make a pile
39,210 foot high, or more than 7 rallee
high, not allowing for tho compres
sion caused by tho incumbent weight.
In second-class matter the total num
ber of pieces mailed amouuted to
U, 17.1,715,<JUU. This is, howovor, only
an estimate, though an olllclal esti
mate ; it is, undoubtedly, very much
larger. Tho total weight of matter
paid at pound rates by publishers was
.''.?2 70'J 220 pounds, In addition to this,
02,211,700 pounds wcro transmitted
free, and 25,289,355 pieces of transient
matter paid for by stamps were also
transmitted, making u grand total of
440,234,281 pounds. Tho total postago
paid amounted to $5,091,322, and, not
withstanding tho great weight of tho
material carried at pound rates, it
paid only $3,527,032 of this amount. Tho
transportation of second-class matter at
such an excessively low rate was, of
course, tho cause of tho postal deficit
of $0,010,770. There are many abuses
connected with second-class mail, such
as tho mailing of novuls, trade organs,
etc., which conform to tho lcttor, but
not to tho spirit of tho laws. If every
Poetmaster-Genera) would mako stron
ous elTorts to rectify theso abuses, it
would put this department on a payiug
basis. Up to tho present time, how
ever, thoro does not seem to bo any
prospect of relief.
The weight of third-class matter
carried is 08.227,109 pounds, and tho
uumber ul pleoes mailed amounts to
747,095,000 pieces, and tbo postago
paid Is $10,093,882, from which it will
bo seen that the amount of postago
paid in this class is thoroughly ade
quate to produce a surplus.
The weight of fourth-class matter is
21,770,347 pounds. Tho number of
pieced mailed is 00,174,000, tho postage
paid being $3,421,181. fho weight of
foreign mall carried is 7,700,377 pounds,
aud tho coat is $2 ?tO.SOO.
The figures wnlcb havo just been
shown mako lmpodng totals. The
number of pieces mailed in tho liseal
year which we are considering is 0,
570,310,000. If theso pieces of mail
mattor wero place ! togothcr they
would mako a band seven feet wide
around tho world. The total weight
carried 18 004,280,808 pounds. To trans
port this enormous weight would re
quire 33,211 freight cars, forming a
train ?IJ0 miles long, hauled by ?0?
locomotives, aggregating ."?U0.0U0 horse
power, and tho locomotives alone
would require seven miles of track. It
should be remembered that mall mat
ter carried on trains is not packed
tightly, as in tho vast t<'ain wo are
considering, where it is estimated that
10 tons of matter aro closely packed in
mail bage?. As a matter of fact, only
on very few trains is tho mail carried
in this way. Sometimes a trailer or
supply car is used, which is packed
solid with mall hags, and they are
brought forward to tho sorters as be
comes necessary. It Is Impossible to
make any reliable comparison of mail
as actually curried, ami it is possible
to assume that only freight curs are
tilled with mail, for the sake of argu
ment.
Wo now come to the Dnanolal side.
The po.-tal revenue for tho fiscal year
I89? was $95,021.384. Tho total expen
ditures amounted to $101 032,100, leav
ing a deficit of $0,010.770. Had 170,
351,013 pounds of mail matter, which
was rnaliy third-class, been transmitted
at tho pound rate, and paid for as it
should havo been, the financial state
ment would have exhibited a surplus
of $17,037,570, Or, If this matter
would pay only a nominal rate of eight
eonts a pound, there would have been
a surplus of $5,733,830 in the year we
aro considering. The amount of post
ago actually received for a pound of
tirst-clasri matter was 8f> (I eonts ;
second-class-matter, 8 cents; thlrd
ciass ...'illei, i-i. i cents ; toreigu blat
ter, 40 cents ; postal cards, IMS.2. Tho
expense of toe transportation of the
mail matter is reckoned at eight cents
a pound.
Tho number of registered pieces
carried was 10,080 022 Thoro wore
2,J,,.?70,:i71 Post Ollico money orders
issued, tho aggregate value being
$224,958,303. The Dead l.Htor Ollico
received 0,855,9811 pieces of mail mat
ter. Of this amount B.07,409. were mis
directed, 01,1111? wcro without an ad
dress, 4,90,1,700 were unclaimed, nod
113,917 had fictitious addresses. Tno
number of Stamps 1 BS Bed was 4,917,?
209,025.
The total number of Poot OQlons In
the United States is not far from
7."> 000, and tb? number of employes is
estimated at 200,000. It should bo ro
membered in dealing with postal
figures that thoy are apt to he slightly
erroneous, and in nearly every case
tho wolghts aro groator than those
which wo havo given, though they are
sufficient to show the wonderful magni
tude of this most important branch of
the government service.
WHATIIir.lt AND OROP RBPORT.
Weekly Bulletin of tho Wcntlii r Itn 1
roau for Mi on 11 Carolin?.
?OLUMI1IA, S.O., Sept. 18, 15)00.
Tho lirst part of tho week ondlng S
a. m., Septembor 17th, was oxtromoly
hot, with maximum temperatures of
100 at throo points. Tho latter part
was coolor, but tho heat continues ab
normally high. The lowest tempera
ture was 02 at Greonvlllo.
Tho drought was broken by general
rains beginning or. tho 13th aud con
tinuing to tho lO'.h, with amounts
ranging from a half to over three
inches. The rainfall has put tho s ill
Into excellent, condition for plowing,
and for sowing oats and turnips, aud
was be nelieia I to minor crops, but came
too lato to bc-nolitcorn and cotton. It
replenished creeks and streams where
cattlo watered, tho supply of stock
water having been very scarce at
places.
Thoro 1& no improvement to bo notoo'
in lato corn, which In many places fall
od to ear ; tho corn crop as a wholo Is
estimated at less than half an averago
yield. Sumo farmers are gathering
and housing their crop.
Cotton continues to open rapidly,
and nearly all is now open, but the
rains will tend to cheek premature
opening, and to increase tho sl/.o of
11 imature, hulls. In placos tho plants
uro again blooming, and soino report a
.mall top crop, but gonerally tho top
crop is unpromising. Tho weather
favored rapid picking, and about half
tho crop is gathorod. The rains dam
aged open cotton slightly. Correspon
dents estimate tho yield this year at
about half an average crop. Sea Is
land shoWS Slight improvement, but is
blooming to the. top and tho plants are
dwarfod.
Poas, swoet potatoes, pastures, fall
gardens, and late rice, which wore
vory poor, havo begun to improve.
Ulco narvOBt Is progressing and in
places is nearly finished, except for |
Juno plantings which will ripen In
October, lioans, cabbages, white po
tatoes and othor truck are bolng plant
ed on tho coast truck farms under fa
vorable conditions. Tho hay and othor
forage crops will bo short and aro In*
oapablo of being muoh Improvod. Some
oats havo been sown.
HOW AN1> W1IKNTO HOW WHEAT.
Prof. Newman oivcu Directions a? to
l'ropi r Soil, Tiiiio I'nr Seeding. Vn
rlottes ami FortilUliiir.
Tho Spartanburg correspondent of
tho Nowo und Courier furnished tho
following information of much vnluo to
tho furmera, especially in tho Pied
mont region :
Wheat conventions, thootTer of pri/.ea
und tho desiro on the part of farmers
to mako thoir own flour la directing
tholr attention to wheat growing, llar
vio Jordan, of Georgia, announoed that
South Carolina ruisod uhout ono mil
lion bushels of wheat and Imported thu
llour of live millions. Kino wheat may
bo raised on one-half tho uruhlc lund
of Soutti Carolina! Those counties
whoro it will grow should raiso thoir
own s .pply, leaving ouly three million
bushels to ho imported. That is drain
enough on the people.
Prof. j. S. Nowrauu, at tho head of
tue agricultural department of Cloin
son College, combines theory and prac
tice iu his Instruction lu tho College
and at farmers' Institutes. Ho speaks
with nuthorlty, for his information has
boon secured by nctuul work iu tho
fields combined with such fucts us
science cun furnish. Knowing tho In
terest ho was taking In the condition
of tho farmers and tho success of tho
farmers of tho State, your correspon
dent asked him to givo somo Instruc
tion to the people on tho subj3ct of
sowing wheat.
Wishing to givo the valuable infor
mation tho widest circulation possible,
your correspondent sends It to The
News aud Courier that tho farmers of
every county may havo tho benefit of
Prof. Newman's suggestion :
clemson C'ollkqk, Sept. lf>, 1900.
Mr. Chus. Potty, Spartunburg, .S. C.
? Dear Sir : implying to your favor of
tho 11th in regard to the preparation
of tho luud und sowing wheat iu tho
Piedmont < oction of thla Slate, I sub
mit tho following suggestioua :
(a) Wheat dellgtits in a compara
tively still soil, or ono containing
enough clay to givo it the proper con
sistency. If this seil is filled with smtnl
gravel tho drainage will bo good. This
is very important to prevent freezing
out in winter.
Tho lund should bo ploughed, har
rowed and rolled until tho surface is
thoroughly pulverized before Bowing
tho seed. Not one aero in u thousand
is properly prcpurcd for wheat. If
there is u cluy subsoil it will pav to
follow in the turn plough furrow in
breaking with a long bull tongue to
break the subsoil without turning It up.
(b) Tiiuo for Seeding : Tbe seed
should be sown just before or jus-, after
the lirst frost. If sown early ther is
risk of injury from tho attack of the
Hessian lly in the fall, and of destruc
tion by frost in spring if it joints too
early.
If sown too lato tho riak of winter
killing is Increased, aud ripening late
Increases tho riek of rust, smut and
bleaching. Wheat should ripen before
excessive heat prevails.
(o) Varieties ; As u rule varieties
svmch havo been acciimutcd in this
section in which thoy aro to bo planted
uro more hkoly to succeed than those
grown under entirely different .-oil and
climatic conditions. Varieties known
as Alabama, Hid May, Georgia Hint,
Hlue stem or Purple straw. Tho seed,
to prevent thu attack of stinking smut,
should bo either scalded or treated
with bluestone. (One pound dissolved
in water will treat livo bushels.) Cure
in tho Uao of tho blue siono is necessary
to prevent injury to th? ge?*m of tho
seed
(;!) Depth to cdvCr ?0*d: Rxpori
moots havo shown that whoJt doos not
vegetate satisfactorily if covoTftd more
than three inches in depth, if Infi teed
aro put in with u turn plough many
uro covered deeper than this und con
sequently a full stand is not secured.
On tho contrary, where tho wheat
drill is used upon properly prepared
land, the seed areoovered uniformly
at a depth Iol-j than two inches mid
hence loss aeod aro required to secure
a stand.
(") fertilizing: if a leguminous
crop (nitrogen collector) precedes tho
wheat it Is not nec.ssary to apply a
fertilizer containing nitrogen or am
monia. Upon clay lands upon which
tho forest growth was of hard wood
trees acid phosphate will usually be
suthcient. If excissivo quantities of
nitrogenous manures aro u-od there Is
danger of too much growth of straw,
causing risk of rust and lodging.
I'm. : If cotton sued meal Is one
of tho component parts of a complotu
fertilizer applied to the wheat, or if it
used as such, care must ho exorcised
to prevent it from coming iu contuct
with tho grain. Stands of grain are
often lost by neglecting this precau
tion. Tho cotton aeod mual ferments
very promptly und actively and de
stroys the germ of tho seed.
Very truly yours,
.1. S. Nkwman.
?Goo. Nelson A. Miles will under
take a new task in October, when ho
will bo judgo of the cavalry, walk,
trot arc! cantor suddlo horses at thu
horse show at Louisville. Gen. John
B. Castloman, president of tho associa
tion, who, aa Adjutant General, was
prominent in the troubles ol last win
tor, Invited Con. Milos to .)<; a judgo,
and has just received an ai c ptanco of
tho invitation.
?Tho anthracite coal region of
Pennsylvania, whoro the groat strike
now prevails, had last year .'!<>(> minea
in operation, omploylng llU.UOO people.
Tho production of hard coal was
54,000,000 tons for an aggrogato
of 180 working days. It is estimat
ed that should tho demand for this
csal ovor warrant it tho production
could bo incroaaod to 72,000,000 tons u
yoar.
? Uoatrico Hamiden, author of
" Ships That Pass in the Night," who
is trying to regain her lost health on a
California ranch, haa taken up carpen
try and has becotuo skilled in tho use
of tho saw and piano. Sho haa also bo
como profloleut aa a grower of orchids
and a landscapo gardener.
?A nugget weighing 1,150 ounces
was found recently in the Ural gold
minus at Orek, in the government of
Orenburg.
OUIl GRHATKSTjBPEOIAIjIST,
Por 20 years Dr. j. Newton Hathaway
has so successfully troatcd ohronlo disoaa
es that ho is acknowledged today to stand
at tho hoad of his profession in tins lino.
His exclusive method of treatment for
Varicooele and Stricture, without tho aid
of knifo or cautery cures in 00 per cent, of
nil cases, lit tHo treatment of the loss of
Vital Forces. Nervous Disorders, Kidney
nnd Urinary Complaints, l'arnlvsis, blood
Poisoning, Rheumatism, Catarrh, and dis
eases poculiar to womon, he is equally
successful. Dr. Hathaway's practice is
more than douldo that of any othor spec
ialist. Cases pronounced helploes by other
physicians roadily yield to hid ireatmont.
Writo him today fully about your caso.
lie makes no chargo for consultation or
adviee, either at hie ofHoe or by mail.
j. Newton Hathaway. m. i)., 12% Boutb
liroad street, Atlanta, (la;
p BaKXjso Powder1
?--^??^^^^^^^^^^^^
For the third ol a century the
standard for strengtli and purity. It
makes the hot bread, hot biscuit,
cake ami other pastry light, sweet
and excellent in every quality.
No other baking powder is
"just as good as Royal," either in
strength, purity or wholesomeness.
Many low priced, Imitation t>:?k ine powders arc
> <? iijtuii the markoi These arc made with alum,
mid care should lie taken lo avoid lliciti, as alum
I-, a poison, ii<-\?.t i'j bo ? >;.-.ii in the tooJ.
ROYAL RAKINO POWDtR CO., 100 WILLIAM ST., NIIW YORK.
The practical side of science is reflected in
j^vtent j? ^egord
A monthly publication of inestimable value to the Btudont of every day
Bcientifio problems, tbo mechanic, tho industrial expert, tho manufacturer,
the inventor- -in fact, to every wide-awake person who hopes to hotter his
condition by using his brains. The inventor, especially, will find in The
Patent Record a guido, philosopher and friend. Nothing of importance
escapes tbo vigilant eyes of its corps <>f expert editors, Everything is pre
sented in clean, concise fashion, so that the busiest may take time to read
and comprehend, Tbo sciontitic and industrial progress of the age is accur
ately mirrored in tbo columns of The Patent Record, and it is the only
publication in the country that prints tbo oilicial news of the U. S. Patent
Ollico and the latest dovolopcmcnts in the held o? invention without fear
Or favor. SUHSC1UPTION PRICK ON 12 DOLLAR l'KIt YEAR,
THE PATENT RECORD, Baltimore. Md.
cjuusti >N KOK n.VVAli officers.
Tho Proposed Abandonment ol Port
Hoya) N?vai Station ?Interesting
facts About the Dry Dock.
Scientific American
Tho question of tho liest sito fur a
naval station on the Atlantic coast be
tween Norfolk and Pensueoltt is now
being made the subject of investiga
tion by a special commission, whoso re
port to the Secretary of the Navy will
probably be made public within the
next few n^. as. more is aii'CHC!"
existen ?) at 1 'ort It >yal a naval station
which was selected and approved by
various commlsslOOS which, after an
examination of the locality, pronounc
ed emphatically in favor of this site as
being tho best adapted to meet tho re
quirements of Hie caso. One of those
commissions was presided over by Ad
miral Porter, who was strongly in
favor of the >ite, and a later commis
sion authorized by Congress In 1888,
and presided over by Commodore Mc
Cann, recommended the establishment
at I'ort Royal Ol a dry dock, a depot of
naval supplies, and n coaling station.
In tho spring of the present year, the
Naval Appropriation Bill, as passed
by the House ui Representatives, con
tained an appropriation of .j. I.> to
ward tho rebuilding of the dry dock at
this station in concrete or stone. The
bill went to the Senate and was ro
tor reil to the Committee on Naval
Affairs. While under consideration
by this committee, the Secretary of
tho Navy submitted a letter from Ad
miral Khicott, chief of tho Bureau of
Yards and Docks, in which he Strongly
deprecated tho carrying out of any
further work of Improvement or exten
sion of facilities at Port Royal, and
criticised tho site of tho dock as boing
unsuited, for various|speoilied reasons,
to the purposes of a naval station, tho
specified grounds of objection strange
to say, being tlio vory grounds which
had been quoted in all previous investi
gations tu being favoraole for a station.
In tho course of his letter lie said ,
" During tho year tho Mayor of the j
city of Charleston suggested the pro
priety of transferring the naval station
to that city from Port Royal, stating
among other things tho facilities for j
transportation to tho Interior, tho j
proximity of a large commercial city,'
tho convenience of obtaining at all
times skilled labor of all classes, an
abundance of fresh water, etc , advant
ages which are lacking at Port Royal."
While tho transfer would undoubtedly
'result In tho loss of a great den', of
money which has been expended at
Port Rjyal, Admiral Kndicott consid
ers the present is the proper time to
considor tho suggestion of tho Mayor.
The Admiral was so much impressed
with tho wisdom of tho Mayor's bug
go-tlon, that ho gave it hearty en
dorsement and ablo advocacy through
out his whole letter. He recommend
ed that the matter be brought to tho
attention of tho Senate Committee on
Naval AlTairs, and that a board of of- j
Heers bo appointed to "examine into'
the conditions existing at I'ort Royal,
and the various questions involved in
the proposition to remove .his station
to Charleston Harbor."
Acting upon this lottcr, tho Navy
Committee amended the bill by au
thorizing tho Secretary of tho Naval
to Inquire Into tho advisability of mov
ing the naval station from Port I loyal to
Charleston, and if ho doomed it advis
able to do so. ompoworing him to uso
: iiiii.i no of the monoy appropriated In
tho bill for tue Port Royal naval
station for tho purchaso of land for a
lite at or near tho city of Charleston,
and to proceed with tho building of a
dry dock thoro.
Ponding tho publication of tho ro
port of this commission, It Is not for US
to say anything ono way or tho other
with regard to tho proposed transfor
whloh, of course, has vory naturally
Tub
aroused hitter opposition on tho part
of the citizens in tho immediate neigh
borhood of the prosont station. Tho
proposition to " reniovo " tho yard in
volves the abandonment of the dry
dock, machino shops and other build
ings at I'ort Royali which would re
present a dead loss of between one and
two million dollars. Moreover, tbo
modern forts at, tho entrance to tho
station, which were erected during tho
Spanish war, will to a largo ext"
lose their military value whe
no longer any station t'~
foud. Tho l i.T! Ii )v" j
piesuroably, after et?. We havo
Ivo examination, by various export
commissions, in tho course of which
tho advantages of Charleston must
surely have received duo consideration.
At the same timo It ia possible that
tho rotative strategical advantages of
I'ort Royal ami Charleston are not tho
same under the changed condition of
modern naval warfare as they wore In
the days of Admiral I'ortcr, Admiral
Jewett and Commodore McCann
Among other reasons which aro
given for the removal of the station It
is urged that the absonct of social at
tractions and conveniences in such an
out of-tho way place as I'ort Royal
will render it unpopular with naval
olliccrs, both of tho lino and stalT, con
veniences which Charleston would
readily afford. It scorns to us that
arguments of this kind are not warrant
ed either by the traditions of tho navy
or the invariable solf-clTacoment which
characterizes our naval ollicors, when
it is a question between personal com
fort and the highest interests of tho
country they serve. Tho question for
the best site for a dry dock and naval
repair yard is purely a technical ono,
and will bo decidod entirely by ques
tions of accessibility by eoa and by
land capabilities for defense, suitabili
ty ef location with regard to tho oxl
goncies of a naval campaign, and possi
bilities of obtaining at all times tho
necessary skilled labor.
It is nt any rate cortain that so com
plicated and eminently technical a,
question as this is not to ho decidod by
llio preferences of tho Mayor of any
particular city coucorned, although it
must be admitted that by quoting tho
Mayor of Charleston as his loading au
thority on tho advantages of tho pro
posed change, Admiral l.ndicott has
shown a lettering opinion of tho judg
ment of l!\o laygentleman who holds
that distinguished municipal position.
?Thero is no doubt that tho H'ato
building which is to be erected on tho
grounds at tho South Carolina Intor
State aud West Indian Kxposition and
which is designed to show tho re
sources of each county of tho State will
contain much that will provo a rovola
tlon to the outside world. Tho grow
ing of wheat and tho making of Hour
aro industries which havo attained
largor proportions in South Carolina
than is generally known. Few roali/.i
tho importance of tho experiments re
cently made in this State In tho grow
ing of hemp, and ono feature In which
South Carolina will ho ahead of all
other Statos will bo the tea exhibit
from tho farm at Summorvillo.
?Tho Now Orleans l'icayuno think.-,
that it is a fact of moro or loss intorost
that, whuc N w Kngland cotton mills
j aro advertising for operatives in the
: South, thoy aro not advertising for
j any colored or.es.
CASTOR IA
For Infants and Children. s
The Kind You Have Always-'
. into that
Boars the
Signatare of C*vz&tyt
mpany.
ilT's stand.