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p i lanc * ' VOL. IX. Host a 1 5 Ciisp \ Not worth paving attention ?u M to, you say. Perhaps you ?L have had it for weeks. W It's annoying because you g have a constant desire to H CI cough. It annoys you also eg because you remember that weak lungs is a family failing. jgA At first it is a slight cough. Kj ^ At last it is a hemorrhage. At first it is easy to cure. ^ At last, extremely difficult. 6? Aier's quickly conquers your little backing cough. There' is no doubt about the cure now. Doubtcotncs Sfrom neglect. . For over half a century jm Ayer's Cherry Pectoral has Kg been curing colds and coughs and preventingconsumption. Ea It cures Consumption also ffl if taken in time. w Keep one of Dr. Agcrs Chcrrg W Pectoral Plasters over goor m longs If goo Congo. dp Fh 'ii?i wo genu you V book oo this subject, lre?? ? Our Mod/cat Depmrtmont. mp If you have any complaint what- C J arnr and daalie tlie hrst medical Bfl adrlee you can poaalhly obtain, writ* in the doctor freely. You will recelva \ a prompt reply, without coat. 1 ?. * Addraua, Oil. J. C. AYKR, ^ Lowell, Maaa. $ XfvJ If "Out of Sorts," Cross and Peevish, take Dr. M. A. Simmins T,iver Medicine. Cheerfulness will return and life aquires new zest. Rfttfistratiftn Nnfir.fi M.KAV&A A1VUV/VI THE l'L'HLIC will take notice that the Registration Rooks will be open, at the Courthouse, for the registration of parties ent itied to reg>?f?*r under the constitution, on the 1st Monday in each month, until 30 days preceding the next general election, W G. A. PORTER, Chairman Board Registration, Lancaster Count)', 8. C., Dec f>, 1898 A Trrpid Liver causes Depression of Spirits, Indigestion, Constipation, Headache. Use Dr. M. A. Simmon? Liver Medicine to stimulate that organ. f Chas. D. Jones, ATTORNEY AT LAW. LANCASTER. S. C. Office In the Courthouse. Will practice In all the Courts. Prompl attention will be given all business entrusted. Collections a specialty, ly. Dr. M. A. Simmons Liver Medicine Clears the Complexion, gives Buoyancy to the Mind, cures Headache, Regulates Stomach, Bowels and Liver. OASTOTIIA. v'tk Bean the /)1,18 KM You Have Always Buught \{ 1 I consider it no only a pleasure hut a duty I owe to my neighbors to tell about the wonderful cure effected in toy case by t he timely use of Chamberlain's Colic, Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy. I was taken very badly with Aiix and procured a bottle of this romedy. A few doses of it effected a perr \ manent cure. 1 take pleasure in recoinmemling it to others suffering from that dreaeful disease?J. W. Lynch, Dorr, W. Vft. This remedy is sold by lllr .1. P. Maokey A Co. S You cannot accomplish any work or Hf\ business unless you feel well. If you felt "Tsed lip?Tired Out," take I>r, I W. M.Simmons I,iter Medicine. I m ' , a" ' i *. 5 AST E LANCASTER, Thousands of Dollars .Mario by Cultivation. No. 2. T. H. Terry, in Practical Farmer. By the time your potatoes and J corn pet up four inches there are! I probably roots 18 inches, or more. in length. These roots for the ! part, will be found near the surface. They run out almost hori | zontaily. Very soon they occupy j all the soil. This is their feeding ground. The more they can have undisturbed to feed in the better, and the larger the crop will be, ordinarily. But wo must stir the surface some to keep weeds down and check evaporation of water. If we fail to do this the crop will bo injured. If v?e cultivate very deep along through the season j we will tear off roots and injure the crop that way. So we must avoid these extremes and try and do all the good we can and as little injury as possible. As a rule 1 think you will usually find it best to cultivate as deeply for a week or ten days after the < rop comes up. Work the ground thoroughly then, even if you do tear oil some lew roots that are lllaf e>ar?inn fT.,? ?!.- ? f j.mu niaiuni;, Um' llltl ^VfeilPr, OI eourSfc, in connection with the cultivator, to stir the surface in the hills or drills where the cultivator teeth do not go. Then after about 10 days stop deep work entirely and not stir the surface more than two inches deep. This will not injure the roots much. They will have nearly all the soil to work in. If you make the surface fiue two inches of this pulverized soil, Iving nearly level, will make a good mulch. Probably it will be as good as 4 inches : would be where the soil was , broken up coarsely, and somewhat in ridges, with wide teeth. We use teeth 14 inches wide, or narrower. N< .v suppose very heavy rains should come with potatoes and corn 10 or 12 inches high. The ground is settled solidly. Shall one tear it up again . deeply? Well, you must decide for yourselves. 1 should not; have i not for the past 20 years. Al though 1 realize that terrible flooding rains at that time will pack the ground so to injure the yield of potatoes still to mellow the soil,up deeply again would do i more harm. I take up with what I believe on the average to be the lesser of two evils. Now. about this root pruning i by deep cultivation, after crop is well started, it never does ?nv W ? good. The amount of harm it may I do depends on circumstances. In ; moist growing weather it would 1 do less harm (possibly not any) than in dry hot weather. I have seen crops of corn and potatoes . seriously injured by deep cultiva" tion,|whichwan|followed by weeks . of drought. The poorer the soil, the more injury might be expected. Your father, or grandfather, plowed corn deeply, you may say , and Ptill crew lurire ctods. Per fectly true, but he got them in 1 spite of his method of culture and not bec&UHo of it. The newly 1 turned prairie, or freshly cleared , timber land was full of vegetable ' matter and food for corn. One i could tear off half the roots with ; hia plow and still get a crop. There wasn't much need of atuilyl'imples, Ihrils and other Humors api pear when the blood gets impure. The , best remedy is I)r. M. A. Simmons Liver Medicine. H En SELM I-WEiELKL^Y. , S, C., SATURDAY, ing methods then, hs the abundant fertility of the soil would carry a crop through most any way. Now, with this fertility somewhat exhausted, the old system of j culture will often reduce the yield. If you do not quite believe | this just stop and think a moment. Isn't the plan given above] founded on common sense? I Doesn't it look reasonable? And | in every section of this country j where drought troubles you can; lind men who have succeeded by following this method in bad rea-j sons when old way tailed. The writer has no possible motive in writing this article only to give you facts that will be helpful to you. Many farms have got in such condition that one must studv and think in order to manage so as to get the best returns. You will gather from the above that 1 would not hill up potatoes, or corn, because it could not be done without tearing oil* roots. And also one cannot stir the surface to check evaporation as well after they are hilled as when they are left nearly level. On land that is well drained, naturally or with tiles, I would plant potatoes in drills about four inches deep. These might get hilled up an inch or two in cultivating. We have raised a good many thousand bushels this way with success. If potatoes are planted in hills they must be hilled up to prevent their growingout of ground. Therefore, we have not planted in hills at at all. The drill eulture enables us to so manago as not to injure the roots and to save unnecessary evaporation. And with the weeder we can keep the crop clean just as well. The eastern farmer who uses a one-horse cultivator can regulate the depth that the teeth go by having a wheel on in front and holding carefully. The board attached in the rear for dry weather, spoken of last week, will guage the depth nicely, in connection with the wheel. Take a board 12 or 15 inches wide, as long as will work between rows, I mortise a hole in it and slip on i rear end of frame and tie or wire I it SO UDDQr edfiro of hnarrl will in. I cline forward somewhat. The lower edge rubs out tooth marks, pulverizes and guages depth. Use only in dry weather. Saw oir ends j of board as crop grows so as not | to disturb growing tubers. Itisj well to round the bottom edge! slightly, so it will be higher at j the ends and not dig into hills, j Study this article and the preceding one carefully, good friends, for attention to the points brought out ha? helped many a farmer to make thousands of dollars that he wouldn't have got by careless tillage. J. T. Keesp, Moiloc, S. C., writes : Have used l?r M. A. Simmons I.iyer Medicine 12 years. Cured me of Indigestion and my wife of Sick Headache. Think it worth four times as much as either Zeilien's nr Illnrlr Iirnm?lit i use d. CASTOR IA For Infant# and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears the /rj?'yrSJT^T Signaturo of C | Heath, Strength ami nerve Foree follow the line ol Dr. M. A. Simmon* Fiver Medicine, which insures good Digestion aad Assimilation. TERP MAY 20, 1899. ! Absolutely 1 Makes the food more de j OM|N(W>OW Convicts for tlio Public Konds. Quoting ttie recent letter of Mr. (J. \V. Coleman to The State, favoring the abandonment of the policy of leasing convicts for agricultural purposes and their assignment to work on the public roads, the Anderson Advocate say : This communication sti ikes the keynote of what should he the policy of the State in future in regard to the convicts, and is ex actlv along the line of what the Advocate has been preaching, with this difference, that we want the State to sell out her farms and (put the business of farming and turn her attention to the business of road building with her convicts. She has no s??rt of business to tie raising 1,200 nor (JOG nor 6 acres of cotton even to be sold at 5 cents. There are about 1.000 convicts in the penitentiary, and if one-half of them are ablebodied these, added to the dill'erent county chain gangs, would make a force of about 1,000 men, I and if they were put to work building macadamized roads the counties and State at large would get some permanent results to 8how for her convicts. Aa it is we have had a penitentiary for thirty years, and what have we got to ol.rv^r (V,- I. ? 1..I? 1 n..w? .w. n.u muni ??u money expended? Nothing, beyond the prison itself and the State farms. During the greater portion of that time money has been appropriated out of the public treasury to pay the running expenses of the institution, and it is doubtful if the Stato is not a loser when the balance is struck. But let, the counties hire them from the State at the same rate they are now hired to work on private farms, and abolish the system of hiring them out to private parties and let them be put to work building roads, and in ten years there will be such a difference in the public highways that men will wonder that it was not done long before. We hope to seethe people agitate this matter and discuss it among themselves and make it an issue next year in the election and vote for candidates who will pledge themselves to bring about this reform, for this will be a genuine reform that will bring practical] benefits to the people for generations. We have already expressed our own views on this subject, in general accord with those indicated above. It is in order to keeD the matter before the public that we recur to it. Anyone can figure out for himself how much profit there would be for the State in the lease of convicts to the counties for road work. If only 500 should be leased for this purpose?and this estimate is far too low?the net annual income from thi* source would be: At 10 cents a working day, $15,600; at 20 cents a day, $31,200; at 30 cents a day, $16,800. The pay would be sure, for the State, in case of default by a county, could reimburse itself through the tax levy. And of the remaining convicts, a hundred or so. workimr on a farm could feed themselves and the remaining 100 who might be at work or in idleness inside the institution. If-20 counties should lease the first r>00, an average of . . ? * F * VCTfflMflPVHtib 'RISE. NO 18 H Raking ibu PowPEB >4JRE 1 licious and wholesome \ orw CO.. NEW YORK. 25 each, the cost to each for one year's labor so secured wuold be $780, $1,(500 or $2,040, according as the rate of hire might be 10, 20 or ?'J0 cents a (lay. The poorest O.OIint V ill the Mlatu /?.?n oi to pay the highest rate indicated and find it profitable. Looked at from every standpoint? from that of profit for the St'te, economy for the counties and benefit to tlie peoplo from the improvement of the public roads, the plan is teen to be most desirable, better in every way than the presen vexations, uncertain and unprofitable system. Let it be studied and talked about and made a practical issue in next year's primary campaign for members of tlie General Assembly.?The State. Weekly Crop liulletin. Columbia, S. C., May 16,1S99. The week ending May loth averaged about 7 degrees per day . warmer than usual, with the maximum temperatures ranging from slightly below to considerably above 90 degrees each day, and with the minimums correspondingly high. The rainfall for the week was generally very light, with moderately heavy rains in the vicinity of Charleston and over the Pee Dee region. The need of rain is general, and the lack of it has materially injured oats, and to a lesser extent wheat and gardens. Rains is also needed to permit cotton and corn planting to be completed, and to germinate recently planted seeds. Oats are failing rapidly, and spring oats are already a failure. This grain is about all headed, ana over tne most easterly counties is ripening. Wheat has also deteriorated, but not to the same extent as oats, and in places continues very promising. Corn continues to maintain a healthy color, and, with limited exceptions has a good stand; its [general condition, for the whole state, is very satisfactory. In places it has received its second working. Cotton has come up to from very good to fair stands, except on red lands, where the ground is baked and hard and seeds did not germinate well. Cultivation and rhnnnino' If* Jo ,.^...^-..1 pi uvuaiuo ao 11X (ll< Tho young plants are small, but healthy anil vigorous. Tobacco is in urgent need of rain, both to finish transplanting and to maintain stands which, although generally good, are in places very poor. Melons have improved. 11 ice is excellent. Truck is making rapid growth, (wardens are variable, according to moisture conl' i * unions, iserries need ram. Apples and cherries are dropping. Minor crops generally are doing well. Over (he greater portion of the state (he weather was favorable for cultivating crops, and for genoral farm work and (he staplo crops, with the exception of oats, continue in a very promising condition.?J. W. liauer, Director, Columbia, S. C.