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r The Barnwell People-Sentinel, Barnwell, S. CL Thursday, July 9, 1936 News Review of Current Events the World Over tlemocrats Renominate President Roosevelt—Drought Again Causes Crop Destruction — International Conference Considers Mediterranean Problems. By EDWARD W. PICKARD t> ^Vestern Newspaper Union. President Roosevelt PRESIDENT FRANKLIN D. *■ ROOSEVELT was renominated by the Democratic convention in Philadelphia in a demonstration of great popular ac claim. The convention unanimously adopted a s t r o ng New Deal platform and voted the abo lition of the his toric two-thirds rule. The sessions were marked with ex treme enthusiasm. Party harmony and a determination to stand militantly on the administration’s record in the past three years and present a united front in the coming cam paign characterized the convention. The abolition of the two-thirds rule for the nomination of candi dates was one of the significant achievements. This rule, which has been in use for more than 100' years, was superseded by the adop tion of the rules committee’s report recommending that at future con ventions only a bare majority be required for nomination. While some southern and the eastern and western states opposed abrogation, they were reconciled to it by the committee’s rcommendation that changes be made in the apportion ment of delegates. The platform pledged continu ance of soil conservation, benefit payments to farmers, a sound cur rency, a balanced budget and a constitutional amendment if neces sary, to achieve the party's broad social program. It praised the ac complishments of the New Deal in a preamble, declaring that it planned to continue them in the in terest of the nation. The platform’s keynote was that the Roosevelt ad ministration has put and will keep the nation “on the road to recovery and prosperity." Regarding the Constitution, the platform declared that while the Re publican platform proposes to meet national problems by action of the separate states, the Democratic party recognizes that minimum wages, maximum hours, child la bor, monopolistic and unfair busi ness practices, dust storms, drouth and floods could not be handled by states. It stated: “If these problems cannot be effectively solved by legislation within the Constitution, wc shall seek such clarifying amendments •s will assume to the legislatures of the several states and to the congress of the United States each within it proper jurisdiction, the power to enact those laws which the state and federal legislatures within their respective spheres shall find necessary, in order ade quately to regulate commerce, pro tect public health and safety and safeguard economic security. Thus we propose to maintain the letter and spirit of the Constitution." In addition to soil conservation and benefit payments, the farm plank pledged the Democrats to financing share-croppers and ten ants in buying lands; favored com modity loans on farm surpluses and retirement of ten million acres of submarginal land from produc tion and rural rehabilitation. Reiterating the “good neighbor" policy, the foreign relations plank reaffirmed the party’s neutrality program pledged' to keep the na tion out of foreign entanglements. It reasserted the reciprocal tariff policy, but demanded “adequate” protection to farmers and manu facturers against unfair foreign competition. Denouncing monopolies and con- rentration of economic power, the platform declared that the admin istration would “vigorously and fearlessly enforce the criminal and civil provisions of the existing anti trust laws.” Other planks pledged; Expansion of the social security program; continuance of rural electrification; protection of the rights of labor to bargain collectively: extension of federal housing projects; just treat ment of war veterans and their de pendents; extension of the merit system through classified civil service; freedom of speech, press, radio, religion and assembly; pro jection of public works projects to aid unemployment; opposition to Communism and the “the menace of concealed Fascism. In Washington, a relief program for the drouth-stricken northwest states was mapped out by Relief Administrator Harry L. Hopkins. Work relief projects designed to give work at once to 5,000 farmers in the Dakotas and parts of Wyo ming and Montana, whose crop lands have been laid waste for the seventh consecutive year, were planned. In the Middle West the fact that June of 1936 has been cooler than the same month two years ago has offset the serious effects of lack of rain. Figures on June rainfall for 1936 and 1934 compiled by Nat C. Murray, crop authority of Chicago, showed that Ohio had 39 per cent of normal this year and 90 per cent in 1934; Minnesota 46 per cent in 1936 and 92 per cent in 1934; Mis souri 26 per cent in 1936 and 62 per cent in 1934; and Kansas 37 per cent in 1936 and 65 per cent in 1934. Added to the seriousness of thef drouth situation was a plague of grasshoppers that swept over east ern Nebraska, threatening to de stroy hundreds of square miles of crops. The swarm was reported to be 100 miles long. In spots the in sects were said to be so numerous that they hid the sun as they passed over valuable farm lands. \JEETING in Montreaux, Switz erland, an international con ference sought settlement of mili tary and naval problems in the Mediterranean. The conference had been called by the powers as a re sult of Turkey’s request to fortify the Dardanelles, which were demil itarized under the Lausanne treaty of 1923. The possible threat of Russia’s growing naval strength caused an alignment of the British and Jap anese. Japan announced it was willing to accept any limitation on Japanese warships authorized to enter the Black sea, providing simi lar restrictions were placed on Rus sian warships leaving it. Britain was believed to be supporting Ja pan’s position.. Russia demanded free westward passage of warships and subma rines out of the Black sea through the Dardanelles, adding she was unable to see why other powers not bordering on this body of water de sired unlimited passage to it. Be cause of her mutual assistance pact with the Soviet, France was ex pected to side with Russia. 'T'HE death of Bernhard W. von Buelow, secretary of state fofr foreign affairs in the Hitler cabinet, removed one of the most skilled of Europe’s diplomats. Von Buelow, who was fifty-one, was an expert on the League of Nations and gave his country valuable counsel when Germany began to consider rejoin ing the league. He was noted as a studious and hard-working official, with a vast amount of detailed in formation always readily available. A “blueblood" of the German no bility, the diplomat was a nephew of the late Prince Bernhard von Buelow, imperial chanceller. He was one of the first of the German nobles to associate himself with the Republican regime after the collapse of the empire in 1918. Al though different in background from Hitler, he nevertheless en joyed the chancellor’s confidence. In diplomatic circles it was re-, garded as likely that Dr. Hans Dieckhoff, chief of the political de partment of the foreign office, will succeed Buelow as secretary of state. In Russia, Maxim Gorky, early foe of the czars who became a hero of the Soviet regime and its outstand ing writer, died of influenza at the age of sixty-eight. Although not a member of the Communist party, Gorky had a pre-eminent position in Soviet life and was a former member of the central executive committee. Moscow honored him with a public funeral and interment in the Kremlin in a niche facing Lenin’s tomb. Under the czars, Gorky was jailed on many occasions for his inflam matory writings. His revolutionary attitude was expressed in his pen name. Maxim Gorky means “The Bitter One" in Russian. The au thor was considered Soviet Russia’s greatest propagandist. His real name was Alexis Maximovitch Pyeshkov. nEPRESENTATIVE WILLIAM LEMKE of North Dakota an nounced that he would run for the Presidency as candidate of a new political group | known as the Union party. Father Charles E. Coughlin, Detroit priest, is the leading sponsor of Lemke’s candidacy. Thomas Charles O’Brien of Boston will be the vice pres idential candidate on the ticket, it was an- _ _ . nounced. Rep. Lemke Mr Lemke made public a 15-point platform embody ing demands for refinancing of farm mortgages, old age security, a liv ing wage for all workers, limitation on individual incomes, the estab lishment of a central bank, the is suance by congress of all currency and its regulation of the value ol all the money. Plans were made for the new party to hold a national convention some time during August. Mr. Lemke said the Union party has the support of farm unions, la bor, the National Union for Social Justice established by FatherCough- lin, the Townsend old age pension movement and “all other liberals who have been driven from the old parties.” FOLLOWING the lead of Great " Britain, the United States for mally revoked all sanctions im posed against Italy during the re cent Italo-Ethiopian conflict. A proclama tion by President Roosevelt declared all previous com munications dealing with the sale of mu ttons of war, loans and travel by Amer icans on Italian ships was revoked. Although the sanc tions were against both Italy and Ethi opia, in practical ap plication they were against Italy, since States did not supply the African nation with any war materials and the empire of Haile Selassie had no ships of its own. The French cabinet agreed to abide by any action which the League of Nations may take in can celing sanctions against Italy. The British government’s decision to abandon sanctions was defended in an address by Prime Minister Baldwin as the only alternative which would prevent a suicidal war plunging western civilization into “barbarous anarchy." Stanley Baldwin used only the United 'T'HE specter of drouth stalked in the Northwest. Damage to crops on heat-parched farms in South Da kota. North Dakota, Wyoming and Montana caused great concern and recalled the d ; sastrous drouth con ditions of two years ago. Railroads serving the drouth areas agreed again to place emer gency freight rates into effect on live stock Shipments to other graz- Wheat and corn crops ARTHUR W. CUTTEN, who achieved spectacular wealth as a grain trader, died of a heart at tack in his home in Chicago. He was sixty-five years old. An exponent of individualism, Mr Cutten went his way alone in the grain market, playing his “hunches” against the field. In 1924, he made a profit estimated at between $1,500,000 and $2,000,000 ir a corner on the corn market. He repeated his success with a coup in the wheat market the following year. With a group of associates, he en tered the stock market in 1928 and during the boom months made mil lions of dollars. Most of his life Mr. Cutten wa; a “long” trader, who bought for ttu rise in the market, but following the crash, he is said to have be come a “bear” or short seller. His operations as a bear in the Chicag Board of Trade brought his suspen sion by the grain futures adminis tration for two years, but he woi National Topics Interpreted by Williatn Bruckart National Press Building Waxhlnston, D. C. All Set for Big Race ing areas have suffered severe damage, re-1 a reversal of this ruling in the Unit ports indicate. 1 ed States Supreme court. T HE Seventy-fourth congress ad journed after a session lasting five and a half months during which it appropriated nearly $10,000,000,- 000 and was faced by some unex pected legislative complications. In the closing hours the emer gency tax bill which is expected to produce $800,000,000 in revenue was passed. Supreme court invalidation of the AAA and Guffey coal bills and the passage of the cash sol diers’ bonus over the President’s veto upset the budget plans and made such a bill necessary. Although it was passed by the house, the amended Guffey coal bill designed to remove the objections of the Supreme court failed of pas sage In the senate. Similarly the Wagner slum housing bill, which had passed the senate, failed in the house. Larger than normal appropria tions for governmental activities were passed. The bonus, farm pay ments, relief and the greatest na tional defense program in peace time history helped swell the total. Funds for continuing the present relief program w f ere voted; the public works revolving fund was amended to permit more heavy construction projects. But congress failed to approve the Florida ship canal and Passamaquoddy tide dam. Invalidation of the AAA brought a revised and expanded soil con servation and domestic allotment act; the rural electrification admin istration and electric farm and home authority were both placed on a permanent basis; the Com modity Credit corporation was ex panded; two flood control bills were passed. Labor received attention through the Walsh-Healy bill deal ing with working conditions on government contracts. A compro mise ship subsidy bill was rushed through’in the closing hours. Finan cial legislation included expansion of the jurisdiction of SEC. A number of important bills failed of enactment. Among these were the Pettingill long and short hauls bill, stockyard regulation, Frazier- Lemke farm mortgage bill, and bills on the 30-hour week, extension of the railroad co-ordinator’s ten ure, anti-war profits, alien deportae tion, enlargement of the federal trade commission's power and treasury agency service. Washington.—The Republicans and the Democrats have their Presi dential tickets. The elephant and the donkey have their Jockeys for the cam paign. The tumult and the shouting —and the blistering, withering tire of politics, have begun. U Is a long way" to the finish line where the checkered flag falls for the winner of the race. But the big fight Is really on and It Is Interesting as well ns significant to note how It has started. It Is always a sure sign that party leaders respect and fear their oppo nents when they start a campaign with a declaration that the enemy Is weak; that his selection resulted from chicanery or bossism, or that the par ticular candidate selected has been put up as a saekflee. That Is what has happened already in the current campaign, and you can expect it to contirfue because It Is stating no se cret to disclose that the New Dealers fear Gov. Alf M. Landon of Kansas, the Republican nominee, and that the Republican leadership, beneath the surface, are wishing for a clairvoyant or crystal gazer to tell them how much of a chance they have to beat President-candidate Franklin D. Roosevelt. Of course, no astute political ob server would dare predict at this stage of the game who the winner will be. On the other hand, It is part of the psychology- of the game of politics for politicians to claim every thing In sight. Yet, I know that each side expects a real battle, a horse race. ‘ The November result is pretty likely to be determined by events of the next two months. At the end of that time, trends will be evident and some appraisal of the campaign will be possible. In the interim, claims and Jilgh sounding phrases will be of fered by the basketful and enthusiasm will be promoted. Yet, the end, the result, will not begin to be evident until afterward because this Is the season for the tumult and shouting. I cannot concur in the claims al ready advanced by Postmaster Gon- ernl-Ghairman Farley that the elec tlon Is In the bag for Mr. Roosevelt any more than I can believe that ('halrmnn John Hamilton of the lie publicans Is equipped with special foresight enabling him to say that Governor London Is a sure winner. I said above that the campaign has all of the apt*earance of a horse race and a close one. To that extent It Is a condition much more favorable to the Republicans than obtained three months ago when, us I recall, I sug gested that if the election were held at that time, Mr. Roosevelt had a 00- 40 advantage over anybody the Repub licans could name. To say now. there fore, that the race probably will be close necessarily Indicates two things: unification of Republican strength, and some mistakes by the Democratic lead ership (one may properly Inquire what has brought about the unifica tion of the Republicans). The answer seems rather obvious. It Is that the Republican party has been reorgan ized from tip to toe. The reorganiza tion has been more sweeping and more effective and the result much more satisfactory to the country than most political observers had any reason to expect. I say “satisfactory to the country” because the Republican party is a major political unit and, though at present a minority party, will come back to power some time. The Demo crats have been a minority party, and the course of human events has wit nessed It restored to power. So the people have a stake In either party, and whichever one proceeds to Im prove Its political structure is giving something of vital value to the coun try as a whole. • • • The Democratic attack on the Re publicans for the last sixteen years has been concen- C. O. P. trated to a large es- Cleant Houte tent on the charge that the Republic ans were boss controlled. Chairman Farley has continually harped on that alleged condition. When the Repub licans did their house cleaning Job at Cleveland, they took away an imiMtr- tant Issue from the Democrats, but even so some of the Democrats and some independents, like Senator George Norris of Nebraska, refused to ac cept the purging as genuine. Senator Norris disclosed his atti tude very definitely the other day when he broadcast a radio speech. He employed the time-worn allegation that the Cleveland convention was dominated by “special interests,” and that the platform adopted there was plainly reactionary.” Senator Norris has not supported a Republican candidate for 12 years, al though he ran for re-election six years ago as a Reput/nan. He believes In Mr. Roosevelt and Insists that Mr. Roosevelt alone can save the country. It Is to be assumed also that Mr. Roosevelt will have the support of the ijiFollettes, Senator Bob and Gov ernor Phil, In Wisconsin. These men, however, have labeled themselves as Progressives, and have not carried the party label of either the Democrats '•r Republicans. Theie will be others of the same Scraps. of Humtx warp and woof. There will be old- line Democrats who will do as Sen ator Copeland of New York has done, take a walk. Alfred E. Smith Is not going to support the New Dealers nor will a great many of his followers. So, It Is obvious that each party will be subjected to defections of one kind or another. • • • Now, concerning mistakes that have beefiTThade; IdJsairman Farley made a bad mis take politically wdien he said that Al fred M. Landon was Some “just the little- Mistaket known governor of a typical prairie state." That remark has been rising to haunt the Democratic chairman al most daily since It escaped from his lips, and unless I miss my guess he will hear It repeated, thrown into his teeth, so many times between now and November that the words will give him a stomachache equivalent to green apples. The reasons this remark was a se rious blunder are two. First and fore most Is that every state In the Union rightfully has Justified pride of Its people, Rs .commerce and Industry and Its future prospects. Every state feels profound resentment when Its ca pacity to do great things Is questioned. Consequently, when Mr. Farley cata logued Kansas as a typical prairie state and Its governor as little-known, there was a surging tidal wave of re sentment. and It was not confined to Kansas alone. The second reason why Mr. Farley’s remark cut the wrong way was that Mr. Farley is a New Yorker and a Tammanylte. There Is something re pulsive to the millions of mid-west erners about Tammany, and a very great many residents of prairie states long have objected to the attempt of certain New Yorkers to “run things” for the whole United States. Another mistake that has been made, really a series of mistakes, is the coercion that has been permitted to go on among those receiving relief. It Is not exactly fair to charge Mr. Farley and President Roosevelt with these, yet I am Inclined to believe they could have prevented local Democratic politicians from attempt ing to force relief clients to vote the Democratic ticket. That Condition has obtained In ns many ns fifteen states. It Is one of those things in politics that naturally causes a revulsion of feeling, yet it Is one of those things with which the leaders possibly may have had nothing directly to do. The fact that they might h«ve prevented it and did not is accepted by the average voter In exactly the same light ns though n written order direct ing such procedure had been Issued. The handling of the tax question by the administration In this session of congress has not been of a character warranting too much praise. It has alienated many Influential persons who might otherwise have supported Mr. Roosevelt. Of course, in the end the President can say that he wanted additional funds in order to start the balancing of the national budget, but I know of a great number of Demo crats In congress who have been thor oughly displeased by the White House Insistence for a reform tax law rath er than a revenue law. It seems to me. therefore, that a considerable amount of campaign material will be developed from this fact. And so it goes with Democratic mis takes. • • • On the other side of the picture, the Republicans can make mistakes yet, plenty of them. On the They have an ad- OtherHand vantage over the \ Democrats in one regard: they have not been charged with the responsibility of government for the last three and one-half years, and therefore will not have to answer for mistakes In administration. It lies in the hands’ of the Republican mhnagers, therefore, to prevent po litical mistakes between now and elec tion If they are capable of so doing. They have started out with an offen sive campaign and have an opportu nity to continue it. whereas the Dem ocrats can conduct an offensive cam paign only so long as they can avoid entering Into a defense of Roosevelt New Deal policies. I understand that the Democratic national committee is "loaded to fl.# dashboard with material for attack, but from this stage of the battle It seems quite apparent that they are going to need plans for defense as well as offense, and they will not have enthusiastic support from some spots in their own army. The Democrats are prepared to at tack Governor Landon on the theory that the country cannot feel sure of ids plans and policies; that he has done nothing to enable the country to appraise him and that there is no as surance, In event of his election, that he is a big enough man for the Job of Chief Executive. On the other hand, the Republicans can counter at tack by using the language of Senator Copeland, New York Democrat, who declared that no man nor party dis regarding its pledges was to be trust ed. and right there Is where the New Dealers must begin to defend. c We«l«rn Navapapw Unioa. The Last Word Mother and father were having a few words when father said: “I don’t believe in parading my virtues." ^ “No?" answered mother. “I don’t think you could, dear. It takes a number, you know, to make a parade." RIGHT MAN IN RIGHT PLACE Crow: Watcha doin’ this sum mer? Owl: Getting a job as night clerk in a summer hotel. Her Right Man Motorist (barely avoiding broadside crash): “Why on earth didn’t you signal?" Girl ditto who ha(s crossed into home entrance): “I always turn in here, stupid!" Answered at Last “How far is up?" “As far as down is from the middle.” Weary of Fighting Sham Battles? A great many people are wear ing themselves out fighting sham battles. They use their imagina tions for the purpose of framing up difficulties, obstacles, ailments, and other fictitious situations. Their wills fight against the phan tom troubles. But the will is weak ened because it hasn’t the co-op eration of the imagination. Folks who are inclined to magnify their troubles, or to create them out of their fears, should start at once to make an ally of their imagina tions. . . . Imagine that you are the person you would like to be, and then call your dramatic sense in to use, and act the part.—Sadler Classified Department PHOTOGRAPHY Koll Film- I>r\* ftupvr ton#>1 jTintu and two bountiful jx7 onlara-monta Only !&c coin Quirk wrvlco. Amerlr;i» Studio*. Box M4. I -a (roan*, Wiaronaiw. Eczema in Big Watery “Bumps" Burning and Itching Rallavad by Cuticura The records abound with grateful letters of praise like the following. Name and full address are printed to show that Cuticura letters are genuine beyond question. “My eczema began with an Itching on my hands, arms and feet, and when I scratched, big, watery bumps came. They burned and Itched so, that I scratched and irritated the affected parts. It worried me so I could not sleep. “I had this eczema for five years before I started to use Cuticura. 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