The Barnwell people-sentinel. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1925-current, July 09, 1936, Image 2
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The Barnwell People-Sentinel, Barnwell, S. CL Thursday, July 9, 1936
News Review of Current
Events the World Over
tlemocrats Renominate President Roosevelt—Drought
Again Causes Crop Destruction — International
Conference Considers Mediterranean Problems.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
t> ^Vestern Newspaper Union.
President
Roosevelt
PRESIDENT FRANKLIN D.
*■ ROOSEVELT was renominated
by the Democratic convention in
Philadelphia in a demonstration of
great popular ac
claim.
The convention
unanimously
adopted a s t r o ng
New Deal platform
and voted the abo
lition of the his
toric two-thirds rule.
The sessions were
marked with ex
treme enthusiasm.
Party harmony and
a determination to
stand militantly on
the administration’s record in the
past three years and present a
united front in the coming cam
paign characterized the convention.
The abolition of the two-thirds
rule for the nomination of candi
dates was one of the significant
achievements. This rule, which
has been in use for more than 100'
years, was superseded by the adop
tion of the rules committee’s report
recommending that at future con
ventions only a bare majority be
required for nomination. While
some southern and the eastern and
western states opposed abrogation,
they were reconciled to it by the
committee’s rcommendation that
changes be made in the apportion
ment of delegates.
The platform pledged continu
ance of soil conservation, benefit
payments to farmers, a sound cur
rency, a balanced budget and a
constitutional amendment if neces
sary, to achieve the party's broad
social program. It praised the ac
complishments of the New Deal in
a preamble, declaring that it
planned to continue them in the in
terest of the nation. The platform’s
keynote was that the Roosevelt ad
ministration has put and will keep
the nation “on the road to recovery
and prosperity."
Regarding the Constitution, the
platform declared that while the Re
publican platform proposes to meet
national problems by action of the
separate states, the Democratic
party recognizes that minimum
wages, maximum hours, child la
bor, monopolistic and unfair busi
ness practices, dust storms, drouth
and floods could not be handled by
states. It stated:
“If these problems cannot be
effectively solved by legislation
within the Constitution, wc shall
seek such clarifying amendments
•s will assume to the legislatures
of the several states and to the
congress of the United States each
within it proper jurisdiction, the
power to enact those laws which
the state and federal legislatures
within their respective spheres
shall find necessary, in order ade
quately to regulate commerce, pro
tect public health and safety and
safeguard economic security. Thus
we propose to maintain the letter
and spirit of the Constitution."
In addition to soil conservation
and benefit payments, the farm
plank pledged the Democrats to
financing share-croppers and ten
ants in buying lands; favored com
modity loans on farm surpluses
and retirement of ten million acres
of submarginal land from produc
tion and rural rehabilitation.
Reiterating the “good neighbor"
policy, the foreign relations plank
reaffirmed the party’s neutrality
program pledged' to keep the na
tion out of foreign entanglements.
It reasserted the reciprocal tariff
policy, but demanded “adequate”
protection to farmers and manu
facturers against unfair foreign
competition.
Denouncing monopolies and con-
rentration of economic power, the
platform declared that the admin
istration would “vigorously and
fearlessly enforce the criminal and
civil provisions of the existing anti
trust laws.”
Other planks pledged; Expansion
of the social security program;
continuance of rural electrification;
protection of the rights of labor to
bargain collectively: extension of
federal housing projects; just treat
ment of war veterans and their de
pendents; extension of the merit
system through classified civil
service; freedom of speech, press,
radio, religion and assembly; pro
jection of public works projects to
aid unemployment; opposition to
Communism and the “the menace
of concealed Fascism.
In Washington, a relief program
for the drouth-stricken northwest
states was mapped out by Relief
Administrator Harry L. Hopkins.
Work relief projects designed to
give work at once to 5,000 farmers
in the Dakotas and parts of Wyo
ming and Montana, whose crop
lands have been laid waste for the
seventh consecutive year, were
planned.
In the Middle West the fact that
June of 1936 has been cooler than
the same month two years ago has
offset the serious effects of lack of
rain. Figures on June rainfall for
1936 and 1934 compiled by Nat C.
Murray, crop authority of Chicago,
showed that Ohio had 39 per cent
of normal this year and 90 per cent
in 1934; Minnesota 46 per cent in
1936 and 92 per cent in 1934; Mis
souri 26 per cent in 1936 and 62 per
cent in 1934; and Kansas 37 per
cent in 1936 and 65 per cent in 1934.
Added to the seriousness of thef
drouth situation was a plague of
grasshoppers that swept over east
ern Nebraska, threatening to de
stroy hundreds of square miles of
crops. The swarm was reported to
be 100 miles long. In spots the in
sects were said to be so numerous
that they hid the sun as they passed
over valuable farm lands.
\JEETING in Montreaux, Switz
erland, an international con
ference sought settlement of mili
tary and naval problems in the
Mediterranean. The conference had
been called by the powers as a re
sult of Turkey’s request to fortify
the Dardanelles, which were demil
itarized under the Lausanne treaty
of 1923.
The possible threat of Russia’s
growing naval strength caused an
alignment of the British and Jap
anese. Japan announced it was
willing to accept any limitation on
Japanese warships authorized to
enter the Black sea, providing simi
lar restrictions were placed on Rus
sian warships leaving it. Britain
was believed to be supporting Ja
pan’s position..
Russia demanded free westward
passage of warships and subma
rines out of the Black sea through
the Dardanelles, adding she was
unable to see why other powers not
bordering on this body of water de
sired unlimited passage to it. Be
cause of her mutual assistance pact
with the Soviet, France was ex
pected to side with Russia.
'T'HE death of Bernhard W. von
Buelow, secretary of state fofr
foreign affairs in the Hitler cabinet,
removed one of the most skilled of
Europe’s diplomats. Von Buelow,
who was fifty-one, was an expert
on the League of Nations and gave
his country valuable counsel when
Germany began to consider rejoin
ing the league. He was noted as a
studious and hard-working official,
with a vast amount of detailed in
formation always readily available.
A “blueblood" of the German no
bility, the diplomat was a nephew
of the late Prince Bernhard von
Buelow, imperial chanceller. He
was one of the first of the German
nobles to associate himself with
the Republican regime after the
collapse of the empire in 1918. Al
though different in background
from Hitler, he nevertheless en
joyed the chancellor’s confidence.
In diplomatic circles it was re-,
garded as likely that Dr. Hans
Dieckhoff, chief of the political de
partment of the foreign office, will
succeed Buelow as secretary of
state.
In Russia, Maxim Gorky, early foe
of the czars who became a hero of
the Soviet regime and its outstand
ing writer, died of influenza at the
age of sixty-eight. Although not a
member of the Communist party,
Gorky had a pre-eminent position
in Soviet life and was a former
member of the central executive
committee. Moscow honored him
with a public funeral and interment
in the Kremlin in a niche facing
Lenin’s tomb.
Under the czars, Gorky was jailed
on many occasions for his inflam
matory writings. His revolutionary
attitude was expressed in his pen
name. Maxim Gorky means “The
Bitter One" in Russian. The au
thor was considered Soviet Russia’s
greatest propagandist. His real
name was Alexis Maximovitch
Pyeshkov.
nEPRESENTATIVE
WILLIAM
LEMKE of North Dakota an
nounced that he would run for the
Presidency as candidate of a new
political group
| known as the Union
party. Father
Charles E. Coughlin,
Detroit priest, is the
leading sponsor of
Lemke’s candidacy.
Thomas Charles
O’Brien of Boston
will be the vice pres
idential candidate on
the ticket, it was an-
_ _ . nounced.
Rep. Lemke Mr Lemke made
public a 15-point platform embody
ing demands for refinancing of farm
mortgages, old age security, a liv
ing wage for all workers, limitation
on individual incomes, the estab
lishment of a central bank, the is
suance by congress of all currency
and its regulation of the value ol
all the money.
Plans were made for the new
party to hold a national convention
some time during August.
Mr. Lemke said the Union party
has the support of farm unions, la
bor, the National Union for Social
Justice established by FatherCough-
lin, the Townsend old age pension
movement and “all other liberals
who have been driven from the old
parties.”
FOLLOWING the lead of Great
" Britain, the United States for
mally revoked all sanctions im
posed against Italy during the re
cent Italo-Ethiopian
conflict. A proclama
tion by President
Roosevelt declared
all previous com
munications dealing
with the sale of mu
ttons of war, loans
and travel by Amer
icans on Italian ships
was revoked.
Although the sanc
tions were against
both Italy and Ethi
opia, in practical ap
plication they were
against Italy, since
States did not supply the African
nation with any war materials and
the empire of Haile Selassie had no
ships of its own.
The French cabinet agreed to
abide by any action which the
League of Nations may take in can
celing sanctions against Italy.
The British government’s decision
to abandon sanctions was defended
in an address by Prime Minister
Baldwin as the only alternative
which would prevent a suicidal war
plunging western civilization into
“barbarous anarchy."
Stanley
Baldwin
used only
the United
'T'HE specter of drouth stalked in
the Northwest. Damage to crops
on heat-parched farms in South Da
kota. North Dakota, Wyoming and
Montana caused great concern and
recalled the d ; sastrous drouth con
ditions of two years ago.
Railroads serving the drouth
areas agreed again to place emer
gency freight rates into effect on
live stock Shipments to other graz-
Wheat and corn crops
ARTHUR W. CUTTEN, who
achieved spectacular wealth as
a grain trader, died of a heart at
tack in his home in Chicago. He
was sixty-five years old.
An exponent of individualism, Mr
Cutten went his way alone in
the grain market, playing his
“hunches” against the field. In
1924, he made a profit estimated at
between $1,500,000 and $2,000,000 ir
a corner on the corn market. He
repeated his success with a coup in
the wheat market the following
year.
With a group of associates, he en
tered the stock market in 1928 and
during the boom months made mil
lions of dollars.
Most of his life Mr. Cutten wa;
a “long” trader, who bought for ttu
rise in the market, but following
the crash, he is said to have be
come a “bear” or short seller. His
operations as a bear in the Chicag
Board of Trade brought his suspen
sion by the grain futures adminis
tration for two years, but he woi
National Topics Interpreted
by Williatn Bruckart
National Press Building Waxhlnston, D. C.
All Set for
Big Race
ing areas
have suffered severe damage, re-1 a reversal of this ruling in the Unit
ports indicate.
1 ed States Supreme court.
T HE Seventy-fourth congress ad
journed after a session lasting
five and a half months during which
it appropriated nearly $10,000,000,-
000 and was faced by some unex
pected legislative complications.
In the closing hours the emer
gency tax bill which is expected to
produce $800,000,000 in revenue was
passed. Supreme court invalidation
of the AAA and Guffey coal bills
and the passage of the cash sol
diers’ bonus over the President’s
veto upset the budget plans and
made such a bill necessary.
Although it was passed by the
house, the amended Guffey coal bill
designed to remove the objections
of the Supreme court failed of pas
sage In the senate. Similarly the
Wagner slum housing bill, which
had passed the senate, failed in the
house.
Larger than normal appropria
tions for governmental activities
were passed. The bonus, farm pay
ments, relief and the greatest na
tional defense program in peace
time history helped swell the total.
Funds for continuing the present
relief program w f ere voted; the
public works revolving fund was
amended to permit more heavy
construction projects. But congress
failed to approve the Florida ship
canal and Passamaquoddy tide
dam.
Invalidation of the AAA brought
a revised and expanded soil con
servation and domestic allotment
act; the rural electrification admin
istration and electric farm and
home authority were both placed
on a permanent basis; the Com
modity Credit corporation was ex
panded; two flood control bills were
passed. Labor received attention
through the Walsh-Healy bill deal
ing with working conditions on
government contracts. A compro
mise ship subsidy bill was rushed
through’in the closing hours. Finan
cial legislation included expansion
of the jurisdiction of SEC.
A number of important bills failed
of enactment. Among these were
the Pettingill long and short hauls
bill, stockyard regulation, Frazier-
Lemke farm mortgage bill, and
bills on the 30-hour week, extension
of the railroad co-ordinator’s ten
ure, anti-war profits, alien deportae
tion, enlargement of the federal
trade commission's power and
treasury agency service.
Washington.—The Republicans and
the Democrats have their Presi
dential tickets. The
elephant and the
donkey have their
Jockeys for the cam
paign. The tumult and the shouting
—and the blistering, withering tire of
politics, have begun.
U Is a long way" to the finish line
where the checkered flag falls for the
winner of the race. But the big fight
Is really on and It Is Interesting as
well ns significant to note how It
has started.
It Is always a sure sign that party
leaders respect and fear their oppo
nents when they start a campaign
with a declaration that the enemy Is
weak; that his selection resulted from
chicanery or bossism, or that the par
ticular candidate selected has been
put up as a saekflee. That Is what
has happened already in the current
campaign, and you can expect it to
contirfue because It Is stating no se
cret to disclose that the New Dealers
fear Gov. Alf M. Landon of Kansas,
the Republican nominee, and that the
Republican leadership, beneath the
surface, are wishing for a clairvoyant
or crystal gazer to tell them how
much of a chance they have to
beat President-candidate Franklin D.
Roosevelt.
Of course, no astute political ob
server would dare predict at this
stage of the game who the winner
will be. On the other hand, It is
part of the psychology- of the game of
politics for politicians to claim every
thing In sight. Yet, I know that each
side expects a real battle, a horse
race. ‘ The November result is pretty
likely to be determined by events of
the next two months. At the end of
that time, trends will be evident and
some appraisal of the campaign will
be possible. In the interim, claims
and Jilgh sounding phrases will be of
fered by the basketful and enthusiasm
will be promoted. Yet, the end, the
result, will not begin to be evident
until afterward because this Is the
season for the tumult and shouting.
I cannot concur in the claims al
ready advanced by Postmaster Gon-
ernl-Ghairman Farley that the elec
tlon Is In the bag for Mr. Roosevelt
any more than I can believe that
('halrmnn John Hamilton of the lie
publicans Is equipped with special
foresight enabling him to say that
Governor London Is a sure winner.
I said above that the campaign has
all of the apt*earance of a horse race
and a close one. To that extent It Is
a condition much more favorable to
the Republicans than obtained three
months ago when, us I recall, I sug
gested that if the election were held
at that time, Mr. Roosevelt had a 00-
40 advantage over anybody the Repub
licans could name. To say now. there
fore, that the race probably will be
close necessarily Indicates two things:
unification of Republican strength, and
some mistakes by the Democratic lead
ership (one may properly Inquire
what has brought about the unifica
tion of the Republicans). The answer
seems rather obvious. It Is that the
Republican party has been reorgan
ized from tip to toe. The reorganiza
tion has been more sweeping and more
effective and the result much more
satisfactory to the country than most
political observers had any reason to
expect. I say “satisfactory to the
country” because the Republican party
is a major political unit and, though
at present a minority party, will come
back to power some time. The Demo
crats have been a minority party, and
the course of human events has wit
nessed It restored to power. So the
people have a stake In either party,
and whichever one proceeds to Im
prove Its political structure is giving
something of vital value to the coun
try as a whole.
• • •
The Democratic attack on the Re
publicans for the last sixteen years
has been concen-
C. O. P. trated to a large es-
Cleant Houte tent on the charge
that the Republic
ans were boss controlled. Chairman
Farley has continually harped on that
alleged condition. When the Repub
licans did their house cleaning Job at
Cleveland, they took away an imiMtr-
tant Issue from the Democrats, but
even so some of the Democrats and
some independents, like Senator George
Norris of Nebraska, refused to ac
cept the purging as genuine.
Senator Norris disclosed his atti
tude very definitely the other day
when he broadcast a radio speech. He
employed the time-worn allegation
that the Cleveland convention was
dominated by “special interests,” and
that the platform adopted there was
plainly reactionary.”
Senator Norris has not supported a
Republican candidate for 12 years, al
though he ran for re-election six years
ago as a Reput/nan. He believes In
Mr. Roosevelt and Insists that Mr.
Roosevelt alone can save the country.
It Is to be assumed also that Mr.
Roosevelt will have the support of the
ijiFollettes, Senator Bob and Gov
ernor Phil, In Wisconsin. These men,
however, have labeled themselves as
Progressives, and have not carried the
party label of either the Democrats
'•r Republicans.
Theie will be others of the same
Scraps.
of
Humtx
warp and woof. There will be old-
line Democrats who will do as Sen
ator Copeland of New York has done,
take a walk. Alfred E. Smith Is not
going to support the New Dealers nor
will a great many of his followers. So,
It Is obvious that each party will be
subjected to defections of one kind or
another.
• • •
Now, concerning mistakes that have
beefiTThade;
IdJsairman Farley made a bad mis
take politically wdien he said that Al
fred M. Landon was
Some “just the little-
Mistaket known governor of
a typical prairie
state." That remark has been rising
to haunt the Democratic chairman al
most daily since It escaped from his
lips, and unless I miss my guess he
will hear It repeated, thrown into his
teeth, so many times between now and
November that the words will give
him a stomachache equivalent to
green apples.
The reasons this remark was a se
rious blunder are two. First and fore
most Is that every state In the Union
rightfully has Justified pride of Its
people, Rs .commerce and Industry and
Its future prospects. Every state feels
profound resentment when Its ca
pacity to do great things Is questioned.
Consequently, when Mr. Farley cata
logued Kansas as a typical prairie
state and Its governor as little-known,
there was a surging tidal wave of re
sentment. and It was not confined to
Kansas alone.
The second reason why Mr. Farley’s
remark cut the wrong way was that
Mr. Farley is a New Yorker and a
Tammanylte. There Is something re
pulsive to the millions of mid-west
erners about Tammany, and a very
great many residents of prairie states
long have objected to the attempt of
certain New Yorkers to “run things”
for the whole United States.
Another mistake that has been
made, really a series of mistakes, is
the coercion that has been permitted
to go on among those receiving relief.
It Is not exactly fair to charge Mr.
Farley and President Roosevelt with
these, yet I am Inclined to believe
they could have prevented local
Democratic politicians from attempt
ing to force relief clients to vote the
Democratic ticket. That Condition has
obtained In ns many ns fifteen states.
It Is one of those things in politics
that naturally causes a revulsion of
feeling, yet it Is one of those things
with which the leaders possibly may
have had nothing directly to do. The
fact that they might h«ve prevented
it and did not is accepted by the
average voter In exactly the same
light ns though n written order direct
ing such procedure had been Issued.
The handling of the tax question by
the administration In this session of
congress has not been of a character
warranting too much praise. It has
alienated many Influential persons
who might otherwise have supported
Mr. Roosevelt. Of course, in the end
the President can say that he wanted
additional funds in order to start the
balancing of the national budget, but
I know of a great number of Demo
crats In congress who have been thor
oughly displeased by the White House
Insistence for a reform tax law rath
er than a revenue law. It seems to
me. therefore, that a considerable
amount of campaign material will be
developed from this fact.
And so it goes with Democratic mis
takes.
• • •
On the other side of the picture, the
Republicans can make mistakes yet,
plenty of them.
On the They have an ad-
OtherHand vantage over the
\ Democrats in one
regard: they have not been charged
with the responsibility of government
for the last three and one-half years,
and therefore will not have to answer
for mistakes In administration. It
lies in the hands’ of the Republican
mhnagers, therefore, to prevent po
litical mistakes between now and elec
tion If they are capable of so doing.
They have started out with an offen
sive campaign and have an opportu
nity to continue it. whereas the Dem
ocrats can conduct an offensive cam
paign only so long as they can avoid
entering Into a defense of Roosevelt
New Deal policies.
I understand that the Democratic
national committee is "loaded to fl.#
dashboard with material for attack,
but from this stage of the battle It
seems quite apparent that they are
going to need plans for defense as
well as offense, and they will not have
enthusiastic support from some spots
in their own army.
The Democrats are prepared to at
tack Governor Landon on the theory
that the country cannot feel sure of
ids plans and policies; that he has
done nothing to enable the country to
appraise him and that there is no as
surance, In event of his election, that
he is a big enough man for the Job
of Chief Executive. On the other
hand, the Republicans can counter at
tack by using the language of Senator
Copeland, New York Democrat, who
declared that no man nor party dis
regarding its pledges was to be trust
ed. and right there Is where the New
Dealers must begin to defend.
c We«l«rn Navapapw Unioa.
The Last Word
Mother and father were having
a few words when father said:
“I don’t believe in parading my
virtues." ^
“No?" answered mother. “I
don’t think you could, dear. It
takes a number, you know, to
make a parade."
RIGHT MAN IN RIGHT PLACE
Crow: Watcha doin’ this sum
mer?
Owl: Getting a job as night
clerk in a summer hotel.
Her Right
Man Motorist (barely avoiding
broadside crash): “Why on earth
didn’t you signal?"
Girl ditto who ha(s crossed
into home entrance): “I always
turn in here, stupid!"
Answered at Last
“How far is up?"
“As far as down is from the
middle.”
Weary of Fighting
Sham Battles?
A great many people are wear
ing themselves out fighting sham
battles. They use their imagina
tions for the purpose of framing
up difficulties, obstacles, ailments,
and other fictitious situations.
Their wills fight against the phan
tom troubles. But the will is weak
ened because it hasn’t the co-op
eration of the imagination. Folks
who are inclined to magnify their
troubles, or to create them out
of their fears, should start at once
to make an ally of their imagina
tions. . . . Imagine that you are the
person you would like to be, and
then call your dramatic sense in
to use, and act the part.—Sadler
Classified Department
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