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-Jt — The Barnwell Pc»ple-3—tfrcU Bniwell S. Thursday, October 17, 193S I' 1 » News Review of Current Events the World Over ' .* « Italian Trpops Invade Ethiopia and the War Begins—» Mussolini Warns Nations ^ot to Interfere— Craig Made Chief of Staff. By EDWARD W. PICKARD C Weitern Newspaper Union. V TI^ATt Is on In east Africa. Mus- ^y sollnl’s troops In Krltrea Invaded Ethiopia because, according to a note he sent the League of Nations, of the Ethiopian mobilization, though this was not ordered until after the Balt ngheta Hsroul Ttattans had crossed the border and occu pied strategic positions south of Mt Mussa All. Baltlngheta Heroui, the Ethiopian foreign minister, sent to the league this message: “A telegram received October 3 from Ras Seyum, Informs the Imperial government that Italian mil itary airplanes this morfting bombard ed Aduwa and Adigrat, leaving many victims among the civilian population, Including women and children, and de stroying numerous houses. "A battle Is at thlsTnoroent taking place In the province of Agame. "These events, occurring on Ethi opian" Territory, constitute a violation of the empire’s frontier, and a breach of the covenant of the league, through Italian aggression.” r A Reuters dispatch from Addis Ababa said the Italian force advanc ing on Agame had been defeated, but this report probably was false. The Italians, moving south from the Asmara region, crossed the \Lareb riv er frontier at widely separated points and converged In heavy columns to ward Aduwa, the scene of the terrific Italian defeat 3‘J years ago. Govern ment authorities in Rome at first de nied that Adua and Adigrat had been bombed, but this action was reported by American correspondents with the Italian army. Halle Selassie's order for general mobilization was carried throughout the empire by the ominous beating of the war drums, and his eager warriors responded by the hundred thousand. The emperor's first war order was to his chieftain. Ras Kabada, and three other generals, to take 50,000 men to ML Mussa All. The defense In the North was entrusted to the Negradas' of Wollacho. It was estimated at Ad dis Ababa that the emperor could count on the services of about L2b0.- 000 fighting men, and the women also are ready for active work In the con flict S imultaneously with the open ing of hostilities In Ethiopia, Mus solini gave the signal for tremendous mass gatherings of all Fascists In Italy. Millions of Black Shirts in all the cities dropped everything and as sembled to cheer for the Duce and his African adventure. From the balcony of the Venezia palace In Rome the premier shouted the words that com mitted his nation to a policy that may mean either victory or ruin. He reit erated his determination to seize ter ritory from Ethiopia but declared he would do everything possible to pre vent the campaign from bringing on a European war. But he warned the League of Nations and all nations to keep their hands off, saying: “To sanctions of an economic char acter we reply with our discipline, our sobriety, and our spirit of sacrifice. To sanctions of a military character we will reply wMth measures of mil itary character. To acts of war we will reply with acts of war.” Summoned hastily to a meeting of the league council In Geneva, the statesmen of Europe found themselves confronted by the fact that an unde clared war was being waged by a league member against a league mem ber. Article XVI of the league cove nant provides for severe penalties for such a war when the aggressor has been determined. The sanctions range through an economic and financial boycott to final military penalties. Be fore going to Geneva. Anthony Eden of Great Britain conferred with Pre mier Laval of France Id Paris. He had Instructions to throw the full support of his movement behind league efforts to ls<date/Or halt the conflict In Af rica. French officials believed that If sanctions were applied by the league, they would be only economic, which would shut off loans and raw ‘mate rials from Italy. The mobilization of the British navy In the Mediterranean and the Red sea continued with ac celerated speed. F IRM assurance that the United States would not be drawn Into a foreign war was given by President Roosevelt In his address at San Diego. He said: “We not only earnestly desire peace but we are moved by a stern deter mination to avoid those perils that will endanger our peace with the world. As President of the United States I say to you most earnestly once more that the people of America and the government of those people Intend and expect to remain at peace with all the world.” In Washington Secretary of State Hull made a strong plea for peace, de claring that economic recovery Is be ing retarded by International political uncertainty. He warned that world political stability cannot be achieved without a revival of world trade and that war will block trade. B ULGARIAN conspirators formed an elaborate plot to assassinate King Boris HI jaad seize control of the gov- ernment, but they were foiled and many persons were arrested. Among them were 27 army officers and formei; Premier Kimon Gueorguleff. Sources close t/t the governmenlT3e- clared an attack was to have beer made on the king as he appeared be fore his subjects to review a parade In celebration of the anniversary, of his accession to the throne.. March ing soldlers were to have been without ammunition, and In the confusion fol lowing the attack the plotters hoped to take control of the arsenal and pub lic buildings. Gen. Matin Craig M AJ. GEN. MAUN CRAIG, a vet eran of two wars and command ant of the war college, was appointed chief of staff of the American army by President Roosevelt. He took office immedi ately, succeeding Gen. Douglas MacArthur who is on his way to the Philippines to be military adviser to the new Island common wealth. Craig is ad vanced to full general ship. Born In St. Joseph, Mo., In 1875, Craig was graduated from West Point In 1898.' Immediately afterward he saw serv ice in Cuba during the Spanlsh-Amerl- can war, and In June, 1900, participat ed In the China relief expedition made necessary by the Boxer outbreak. Aft er service In various army posts In this country, Craig, upon American en trance Into the World war in 1917, was assigned as chief of staff of the Forty- first division and sailed with that out fit for France. Later he became chief of staff of the First army corps, serving In that position until the armistice was signed. For his fine work In the World war he received the Distinguished Service medal, and be also was given the Le gion of Honor and Croix De Guerre of France, Order of the Bath of England, Order of the Crown of Belgium, and Order of the Crown of Italy. President Roosevelt T REASURY report for three months ending September 30 showed a first- quarter deficit of $832,000,000. Th's was 34 per cent greater than for th-* corresponding period a year ago which at that time was a record deficit Ex pendltufes for the quarter amounted to $1,830,000,000. This was an average of about $20,000,000 a day. The deficit occurred In spite of In creased taxes and other revenues In cident to Improved business. Total revenues for the three months were $998,000,000 compared with $954,000,- 000 In the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year. A substantial amount of the In crease In expenditures was due to AAA payments to farmers. Increased army, navy and other departmental spending, as well as larger allocations to veterans’ adjusted service certificate fund, public debt sinking fund, and civil service retirement fund, contrib uted to the increase in regular expen dltures. P OTATO control was the subject of discussion at a hearing called by the AAA In Washington, and officials, farmers and consumers were given a chance to say what they thought about the Warren act, which provides for quotas for potato , growers with a prohibitive tax on production In ex cess of quotas, and Is armored with Jail pen alties for willful buy ers or sellers of boot leg potatoes. This act was op-, posed by the New Dealers, and Secre tary of Agriculture Wallace said at the conference that he does not wan; to enforce it and will do all In hie power to avoid enforcing It He of fered several plans for voluntary meth ods which would reduce potato sur pluses and raise prices. He con tinued : “Potato growers are In real trouble and the AAA wants their judgment on possible cures for potato problems. Potato prices are about half of parity and the AAA desires to get the fuil benefit of the Judgment of potato pro ducers concerning plans for Increasing their returns." Secretary Wallace '■pHK AAA announced a production 1 program for cigar-leaf tobacco for the next four years. It provides a maximum acreage production of 40 per cent Benefit payments will guar antee producers not less than “fair ex change value,” or parity, for the crop. Contract signers will be prevented from growing tobacco on farms oth«*r than those covered by the contract- T raveling rapidly to the Pacioc coast for some fishing. President RoofeeVelt delivered sevgpal^Important addresses. The first was at Fremont, Neb., where be spoke to about 15,000 farm ers and was enthusi astically received.Mr. Roosevelt set forth the chief accomplishments of his administration to date, and challenged fils opponents to do better. He defended the legality of the New Deal doings and made It plain that he would continue to car ry on experiments for the welfare of the people. Defining his Idea of constitutional government he said Its true function Is “to pro mote the general welfare, not by Inter fering unduly wlth_lndlvld.ual^ liberties, ML by: bringing to the aid of the Iridl- vldual those powers of government which are essential to assure the con tinuance of the Inalienable rights which fhe Constitution Is Intended to guarantee. It Is democracy In the good old American sense of the word.” Coming to the AAA, In which his hearers might be supposed to be most vitally Interested, the President as- serted thAt “agricultural adjustment Is an expression in concrete form of the human rights those farmer patriots sought to win when they stood at the bridge at Obncord. when they pro claimed the Declaration of Independ ence, and when they perpetuated these ideals by the adoption of the Consti tution.” No matter what attempts may be made to tear It down, “the principle of farm equality expressed by agricul tural adjustment will not die," the President told'the crowd. The AAA has made “honorable his tory," the President declared, and as a result, smoke Is pouring from chim neys again and workers without regu lar-jobs are obtaining employment He served notice that It is the pur pose of his administration to “use ev ery square mile of the United States for the purpose to which It Is best adapted.” Nature must be harnessed Instead of despoiled, he asserted. At Boulder Dam the President as sisted In the dedication of the great project and delivered an address In which be announced that government spending for employment purposes was nearing Its «nd and that now pri vate Industry must take up the bur den of decreasing the army of the un employed. He defended the adminis tration against the charges of “boon doggling" . and said Its efforts "meet with the approval of the people of the nation.” He touched only lightly on the power question. Secretary Ickes, who also spoke, said Boulder Dam should be re-named Johnson Dam, In honor of Senator Hiram Johnson. Again at Los Angeles In the Holly wood Bowl and a^ San Diego the Chief Executive delivered adddesses, and then he went to catch some fish. Slicing through the narrow penin sula that links Africa and Asia, a short cut to the Orient that has made dreams of ancient conquerors come true, the Suez, canal is now a focus of world attention. “This 100-mile waterway, which enables ships to steam directly be tween the ^Mediterranean and Red seas without making the tedious voy age arown^Ttfrlca, forms the link pin connecting the trade routes of the eastern hemisphere," says the Na tional Geographic society. “For ships of all European nations trading with the Orient and East Af- rica. the canal Is a tremendous saver ot time and distance. “From a commercial standpoint, the Suez canal Is of greater Impor tance to Great Britain than to any other nation. In 1933 more British ships passed through It than -those of the next seven largest users of the canal combined, and the tonnage represented was In a similar propor tion. “Egypt, through whose territory the canal runs. Is an independent na tion, although a garrison of British troops is stationed there and In the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan to the south; Egypt was a British ^ protectorate from 1914 to 1922. When her Inde pendence was recognized by Great ftrltain, it was agreed that Egyptian national defense should remain '^un der British i»eotre4. -- - • “Various International agreements havfc provided that the Suez canal should remain open at all times to the vessels of all nations. During the World war, however, the canal was garrisoned by British and French military and naval forces and .closed to ships of the central pow ers. though It remained open to neu tral shipping. In 1882, during a crisis in Egypt, the canal jtwrs tHosed by British troops for four days. “Unlike the Panama canal, which Is directly controlled by the United States government, the Suez canal is a private business concern. No nation has direct authority over jt. The canal Is owned and opAited by the Suez Canal company (Com pagnie Universelle du Canal Mari time de Suez), a French organization w hleh holds a concession from the Egyptian government expiring In 1968. “Fifty-two per cent of the shares In this company are held by French Investors, 44 per cent by the British /^OL. FRANK KNOX, publisher of the Chlcago Dally News, ls now on accredited candidate for the Republican Presidential nomination, for he has received the Indorse ment of the Republi can state central com mittee of Illinois. Col onel Knox has been In a receptive mood for a long time and bas traveled all over the country making speeches. In various unofficial straw votes he bas been placed | second, only Senator * Borah being preferred to him. Addressing the Illinois central com mittee, Colonel Knox said: “I have been from the Atlantic to The Pacific and from West Virginia on north, and everywhere 1 find that the Republicans not only think that they will be vic torious but they have a deep sense of responsibility to rescue the country from the hands of socialists." Col. Frank Knox V^AN SWERINGEN brothers have ^ regained control over the vast rail way and real estate enqilre they built and lost to New York bankers. At the height of the boom this was valued at $3,000,000,000. It was taken by a bank ing group when the Van Sweringens defaulted on loans of $48,000,000 and was put up at auction. The brothers regained control for $3,121,000 by bid ding in the majority stock of the Al leghany corporation, holding company for all but one of the so-called Van Swerlngen roads, Including the Chesa peake & Ohio, Pere Marquette, Nickel Plate, Missouri Pacific, and Chicago & Eastern Illinois, and the Van Swer lngen corporation through which the brothers ruled their vast real estate possessions. - I N HIS second trial Nelson Rounse- vell, publisher of the Panama Amer ican, was convicted by a federal Jury in the Canal Zone District court on a libel charge resulting from his criti cism of conditions at Fort Clayton. The charges were brought by MaJ. Gen. Harold B. Flske, commanding the Panama canal department, and Col. James V. Heidt, commander of Fort Clayton. E RNEST P. BICKNELL, for 27 yean prominent In the American Red Cross, died In Washington at the age of seventy-three soon after his ceturn from HawalL He was vice chairman In charge of insular and foreign opera tions of tbe Red Cross and directed relief of the San Francisco earth l)hake; floods In tbe Ohio and Mississippi rivers; th% Cherry and other mine dla •asters; forest fires and many catas trophies abroad. Including the Measlna earthquake In Italy _ , j * ► Suez Canal, Gateway to Grient, J Tremendous Saver of distance government, and the remainder In other European cduhtries. On the board of directors are 21 French men, ten Englishmen, and one Dutch man. The British government’s shares originally were held by the Khedive of Egypt but were sold by him to Enjglaqd in 1875 for $20,000,- 000. “Builder of the canal was Count Ferdinand de Lesseps of France, known als^ for the failure of the later attempt to build a canal at Panama In the 1880s. The Suez canal, however, was a success once its sponsors: had overcome diplomatic obstacles and-early—financial-inm bles. Strangely enough, de Lesseps efforts to gain consent to the build Ing of the- canal from the sultan of Turkey, to whose empire Egypt then belonged, were opposed by the Brit teh government "Work on the canal was begun In 1859 and it was opened to traffic ten years later with a lavish celebration given by the Egyptian Khedive, and attended by the Empress Eugenie of France, the emperor of Austria and other royal personages. In 1934 the canal was used by 5,663 vessels.. Housewife's Idea Box To Keep Fat If you‘take proper care of it. you can keep fat that was used for deep fat frying. After each using, strain It In this way: P( ur the hot, fat through a piece of fine cheesecloth Into the container in which you plan to store It. I^t It cool, then keep It In your refrigerator until the next f rylng. THE HOUSEWIFE. C Public Ledger. Inc.—WNU Service. Springbok Kills Cow Springboks, which appear In mo tion pictures and to most people of Afric;’ seem to be very demure anl mals, have their likes and dislikes. This was demonstrated by one dur ing a stock sale in Nigel, South Af rlcn, recently. As soon as it sighted a new cow the springbok broke away from Its owner and drove its horns Into the side of the bossy until the domestic animal was dead. Are Our Eyes Getting Weaker? Defects of Vision Increase With Years—Poor Light a Cause. When born, nearly all babies have normal eyes. With the same kind of care that carries them through In fancy and childhood, happy and healthy—their eyes should remain normal. But It has been found that by the time children finish grade school. 20 per cent of them have defective vl sion. When they have finished col lege, 40 per cent have eye difficulttes* Forty years of age shows 60 per cent with defective vision, and past sixty, 95 per cent are so affected. Why should the eyes of so many show such an alarming Increase In visional defects? Because these chil dren, these growing girls and boy*.— young and older men and women, used their eyes'with too little light! In the daytime outdoors there Is, of course, plenty of light—the nat ural daylight nature developed our eyes to see by. The light from an unclouded sky gives us 10.000 f«w>t candles. In the shade of a tree, the light will be upwards of 1,000 foot candles. Close by a window there may he 200 foot candles of light shining on your book page or needle work. What Is a foot candle? It Is the Here Is Child’s Tinted Apron By GRANDMOTHER CLARK We .have here a cute little apron which any youngster will love. Fits three to six-year child. It measures 19 by 24 inches. The bear and ball are tinted In yellow. Cross-stitch and outline stamping Is done on un bleached material and can be worked In any dark color thread. Package No. 6 contains tirfa stamped and tinted apron ready to be embroidered and sewed up. Bind* ing and thread are not Included. Sent to you postpaid for 15 cents. Address Home Craft Co., DepL, A, Nineteenth ana St. Louis Ave., St. Louis, Mo. Inclose stamped, addressed en velope for reply when writing for any Information. scientist’s "yardstick” of light meas urement The amount of light one candle would shine on a surface one foot away. But at night—that Is another story! It is very common for people to read or sew with only four f<K>t candles of light, where they should have an Illumination of at least 10 foot candles for the coarsest kind of eye work; 20 foot candles for read ing fine print and for sewing: SO foot candles for continued use of the eyes. Using the eyes with less light than these minimum amounts may resrit in eye-strain and possible permanent Injury to vision. Be sure -you have enough light! If you use electricity—ask your light company to test your lamps and fix tures to gee if they give enough light for safe seeing. If you do not have electricity, get one of the new 300 candle power pressure., lamps that burn kerosene or gasoline. When your work Is held three feet away from the lamp, the latter should be of at least 275 candle power intensity to assure the 20 to .’{0 foot candles of light you need to protect your sight. It Is important that you use a high cnndlepower 'amp to be sure you have enough light to protect your sight Tear Marks Stamp v A curious variety of the one-cent Canadian silver jabilee stump has been found by philatelists. The first stamp In the third row of the top left of the sheet shows a distinct tear drop falling from Princess Eliza beth’a left eye to her cheek. Cana dian collectors have christened the variety “the crying princess."—De troit News. Beware Coughs from common colds That Hang On No matter how many medldncR you have tried for your cough, chest cold or bronchial Irritation, you can get relief now with CreomuMon. Serious trouble may be brewing and you cannot afford to take a chance with anything less than Creomul- sion, which goes right to the seat of the trouble to aid nature to soothe and heal the inflamed mem* branes as the germ-laden phlegm is loosened and expelled. Even If other remedies have failed, don’t be discouraged, your druggist Is authorized to guarantee CreomuLslon and to refund your money If you are not satisfied with results from the very first bottle. Oet Creomulslon right sow. (Adv4 ALKNTS WANTED—Sell Chrlutmaii C*r<U Write for free namplen, detail* Holbrook*, 421 Seventh Ave.. N. V.. Dept. C. Cuticura Soap For the Daily Care of Your Hands / Prolong the youthful appearance of your handa by giving them the tame care you give your face. Uae Calleara Seep every time you wash your handa; it will do much to prevent redneaa and roughneaa, cauaed by daily taaka, and to keep the handa aoft, smooth and lovely. Price 25 cents Ragged Lad Never mind If the boy la ragged It keeps him from being vain. Found! PAIN “Though I have tried all good remedies Capudineauits me beat becauae it is unuauallr quick and gentle.” For headache, neuralgic, or muscle achee, uae either Capudine Liquid or Capudine Brand Tablets. CAPUDINE iV j ‘ - '-v' & # <\)v’ p-yy.--.--- ■ nervousanjd^out ols Jr Agniya* —there le usually a definite reason for thle Now lot's roason soitslblys Don’t try to get well in a day... this is asking too much of Nature. Remember, she has certain natural processes that just cannot be hurried. But there is a certain scientific way you can assist by starting those digestive juices in the stomach to flowing more freely and the same time supply a balanced mineral defi- ciency the body needs. Therefore, if you are pale, tired and run down ... a frequent sign that your blood-cells are weak—then do try in the simple, easy way so many millions ap prove — by starting a course of S.S.S, Blood Tonic. Much more could be said—a trial will thoroughly convince you that this way, in the absence of any organic trouble, will start you on the road of feeling like your self again. • O S.S.S. Co. makes you feel like yourself again 7*8 ere invited to listen m every Fridmy night to n Program of old-fashioned music— &&& Music Most Hour—over Mutual Broadcastiug Network, g:jo p. m* EJ.T, \ \